[Page]
[Page]

[...] LETTER TO THE ENGLISH Captives, IN AFRICA.

From New-England

Boston, Printed by B. Green and J. Allen in the year 1698.

[Page]

TO THE English Captives in Africa.

‘We are Distressed for you, O our BRETHREN, We are Distressed for you!’

OUR Neighbourhood is, with Bitter An­guish, pouring out the Lamentations, that were of old heard among the Peo­ple of God, in Lam. 1.18. The Lord is Righteous, [...] have Rebelled against His Command­ment: Hea [...] [...] you, all people, and behold my Sorrow; My [...] men are gone into Captivity: And when we [...], what a dreadful and what a doleful, and how inexpressibly miserable, Capti­vity it is, that you are gone into the Lamentations of our Sorrow, do indeed become Inexpressible. But though we cannot Express the Agony of mind, that seizes us, when we do at our Full Tables, and in our Soft Lodgings, with all our Friends about us, call to mind, as we often do, How 'tis with you? yet we would Express a little of that Affection that we bear you, by Letting you know, That we Re­member you.

[Page 3]And as the Remembrance which we have of you, causes us, Without ceasing to make mention of you in our prayers, and our ardent and constant cries unto the God of all Grace, that you may have Grace to Help you, in your Time of Need, so, it puts us upon Writing unto you, those things, which may help to Instruct, & Strengthen, & Com­fort you, in the midst of your Terrible Temptati­ons. Jeremiah the Prophet, thought it his Duty, to Write a Letter unto those of his people, that were carried Captives, by a Bitter and Hasty Nation. Any from a sense of Duty it is, that we now send a Letter unto you, for your Consolation, in that Cap­tivity, where you are now Languishing under Bitter, and Heavy, Afflictions. Indeed, When the Israelites of old, were in the cruel and grievous Hands of their Egyptian Task Masters, we read, They hearkened not unto Moses, for Anguish of Spirit, & for cruel Bondage. But we hope, that all the Anguish of Spirit, & Cruel Bondage, which you suffer from worse than Egyptian Task masters, will not hinder you, from Hearkening to those Admonitions which must now be given you.

Now in the first place, We must let you know, That we are very much concerned, for your be­ing preserved Faithful unto the Death, in that Chri­stian Faith, which you have hitherto professed. We earnestly beg it of God for you, that what­ever Miseries you undergo, you may not, in a vain Hope of Deliverance from those Miseries, Renounce the Christian Religion. Those Wretch­ed [Page 4] Renegado's, who have abandoned the Christian Religion, Expecting thereby to mend their Condi­tion in the World, have not always had their Ex­pectation answered; The dreadful Vengeance of God, hath sometimes filled them with confusion, by causing their Oppressors afterwards to sleight them, and vex them, and more barbarously than ever to multiply Oppressions upon them. Or, if you should get any Abatement of your Daily Bur­dens, by becoming Apostates from the Christian Re­ [...]gion, yet the Jealous God can smite you with such Horror of Conscience in this World, for your Apo­stasy, as would be more Intollerable than all the Torments that you ever yet Endured; and He will certainly punish it with the Vengeance of Eter­nal Fire in the World to come, where the Smoke of your Torments will Ascend for ever and ever. We do, with a most unutterable Sympathy, feel your mise­ries; and we would gladly do and spend all we can, to Rescue you, from them: Nevertheless, we had rather you should Endure all manner of Tem­poral Miseries, than Incur Eternal Ones: We had rather a Turk or a Moor should continually Tram­ple on you, than that the Devil should make a prey of you. The Great God hath said concerning His Christian Religion, If any man draw back from it, my Soul shall have no pleasure in him. Nor, can you do a Thing more Displeasing to our Souls, or, Destructive to your own, than to Backslide from that Holy Religion. Truly, Its being as we have called it, An Holy Religion. That one Thing is [Page 5] enough to give you, an Everlasting Assurance of its being, The way of Truth, and the only Religion worthy to be Embraced and Maintained, with a Reasonable man. There is nothing in that Religion, wherein you have been Educated, but what hath a Tendency to promote Vertue: it allows no such vicious Pride, and Revenge, and Selfishness, and Fil­thiness, and Sensuality, as is countenanced in all other Ways of Worship. If men would live in all things according to that Religion, which you have had the Happiness to be acquainted withal, they would be Angels rather than Men; and they are Bruits rather than Men, that would not count them so. It is impossible, that any but God, should be the Author of such an Holy Religion. And, What Religion else can you meet withal, that makes any such Reasonable Provision for the Recon­ciliation of a Sinner to the God, whom he hath offended by Sin? The Superstitions practised a­mong the desolate Nations of the Earth, to obtain the Pardon of Sin, are so Idle, so Absurd, so Ridi­culous, that it is an admirable Enchantment on a­ny part of mankind, which has made them con­tented with such practices▪ But now, when you see the Methods for the Pardon of Sin, in that Re­ligion, wherewith you have been Illuminated; when you see the Son of God, becoming a Man, and this God man, gloriously Living, and Dying, and Rising again, for to furnish poor Sinners Be­lieving on Him, with a Righteousness, which will Entitle us unto Everlasting Blessedness, you cannot [Page 6] but say▪ There is a wonderful Majesty in this way of Reconciling a Sinner unto God; and the Glories of the most High, are therein display'd un­to the Heighth. If you should be so Foolish, as to forego your Blessed Religion, for the sake of any other, you will by that Folly leave your selves, without all Hope of a Pardon for your Sins; for none other will put you into any way for a Par­don, that you can justly think-sufficient or agreea­ble. 'Twere better a thousand times to Dy, with such an Hope of a Pardon for Sin, as your Glorious Religion sets before you, than to Live in all the pleasure of Sin, under the Blackness of Darkness, which every other must Leave upon you. But God hath done enough, & enough, to satisfy you in the Truth of the Christian Religion, by what was done for & by the Illustrious JESUS, the Author of this Reli­gion ▪ The Resurrection of our dear JESUS from the Dead, is an Incontestable Demonstration, That this His Religion, must be the way of Truth, and the Truth of God. There were many Irrefragable proofs, of our Lords being the Messiah, whom God had promised for to be the Redeemer of the World. Our JESUS Came, when the Messiah was to Come: Our JESUS Did all the Messiah was to Do; The Characters of the Messiah were fully answered in our JESUS. But His Resurrection from the Dead, This most of all effectually proved our JESUS to be the Messiah; This Declared Him to be the Son of God with power. Now, that our Lord Jesus, Rose from the Dead, you must needs own; because He [Page 7] show'd Himself alive after it, by many Infallible proofs. After His Resurrection, He Exhibited Himself, un­to those Good men, who Saw Him, Heard Him, Felt Him, and convinced all their Senses, that it was He. This He did, no less than Ten several Times, and unto no less than Five Hundred at a Time; & the Witnesses thereof, went over the Earth, asse [...]ting it, in such a manner, that the most Judi­cious Examiners of their Testimony, could not but acknowledge, that they were neither Deceiver; nor Deceived, in the Thing which they Asserted. Yea, our Lord, since His Ascension into the Hea­vens, and as a Fruit and a Proof of His Ascension▪ sent His Church a Letter, (which we have in the Book of The Revelation,) wherein He foretold a Thousand Things, that we have seen exactly come to pass; but He particularly foretold, The Rising of the Mahometan Religion; its being propagated by the Arabian Arms; its obscuring the Christian Religion, with an horrid Smoke, and its Torment­ing the Professors of the Christian Religion, after the Union of the Four Turkish Kingdoms in the one Ottomian Family, for Three hundred & Nine­ty seven years together. Besides all this; The First Publication of the Christian Religion was atten­ded, which the Mahometan Religion has never been, with Miracles, that were a Demonstration given by the Holy Spirit of God unto it. Astonishing Mi­racles were done by our JESUS, before His Reti­ring from us, into the Heavenly Regions. Those Astonishing Miracles are so undeniable, that the [Page 8] Writings both of the Jews, and of the Turks, do at this day confess them; nor were the Pagans, of the First Ages, in the Volumns which they wrote against Christianity, still Extant, able to deny them. And the like Miracles were continued among the Apostolical Preachers of the Christian Religion, after our Lords Departure from us, for Two hundred years together: They spoke with Tongues, which they had never Learnt before; they Help'd the Blind, they Heald the Sick, they Rais'd the Dead, and they Cast out the Devils from the Possessed. No History can be True, if This be not so. Now these things are Seals from God, unto the Christian Religion. I beseech you, Do not harbour the least suspicion of a Religion, so Sealed by the God of Heaven, with Ungainsayable Confirmations. But if any Mahometan Tempters do assault you, Let the words of their own Alcoran serve to Answer them; The words of the Alcoran, (or Turkish BIBLE) are: The Spirit of God hath given Testimo­ny, to CHRIST, the Son of Mary; He is the Messen­ger of the Spirit, and the Word of God: His Doctrine is perfect. And Mahomet, in this his Alcoran, calls the Gospel expresly, The Right way to Fear God; & says, That God sent the Gospel for no other end, but that they might obtain by it, the Love and Grace of God. Let the Mahometans now know, That you cannot forsake your Christ, because the Spirit of God hath given Testimony to Him; and that you cannot forsake His Doctrine, because it is perfect; and that you cannot forsake His Gospel, because [Page 9] 'tis the Right way to Fear God; as They Themselves▪ have confessed. My dear Friends, The Lord preserve your Souls▪ chast unto Him! and make you Faithful to the Death, and give you a Crown of Life! May you be able to say, Lord, Tho' thou hast sore broken us in the place of Dragons, yet have we not forsaken thee, nor dealt falsely in thy Covenant.

But, while you hold fast the Profession of the Christian Religion, it is of infinite concern for you, to Experience also the Power and Practice of it. And it may be, the dismal Affliction of your pre­sent Captivity, is come upon you, to Convince you of, and Convert you to those things in Religion, whereof you were too insensible, when your heard them dispensed unto you, in the Ordinances of the Gospel, which you sometimes Enjoyed. Yea, t'wil be an happy Captivity, that is now come upon you, if the Ears of your Souls be now open to the Discipline of Christianity, of which it may be, the Lord from Heaven saves unto you, I spake unto thee in thy Prosperity, and thou wouldest not hear me. You have been particularly told, of your Misery by reason of your Slavery to your Interiour Adversaries; being, Sold under Sin, and being, Ta­ken Captive by the Devil at his Will. But, alas, alas, have you hitherto been deeply sensible of that Mi­sery? You were in the worst sort of Slavery, be­fore ever the Corsaires of Africa Siezed upon you; Every Sinful Child of Adam, is by Nature so. It is an horrible thing, to be continually at work for Satan, Tempted and Blinded by him, and held salt [Page 10] in the Chains of Lust: And it is of more than a Million Times greater Consequence to be Re­deemed from this cursed Slavery, than from that other, wherein Turks, and Moors, do now trample upon you. Your Slavery to the Monsters of Africa will be but short, and you may Serve God under it, and See God after it: But your Slavery, to the Powers of Darkness, whereinto you are by your Fall from God, precipitated; This alienates you, from the Knowledge and Favour of God, and Eternal Confusions in another World, will be the Wages of it. And that which ha's left you, in this Con­dition of Slavery, is, The Justice of the Holy God, which hath arrested you, in dreadful Bonds, for the Wrongs that your Sins have done, in Denying, & in Defying of His Majesty. Methinks, It should fill your Hearts with wonderful Joy, to have the Tidings & Offers, of a Redemption from that your Spiritual Slavery, This Letter now brings them to you. The Lord JESUS CHRIST is that Strong Redeemer, who is, Able to Save you unto the uttermost, and who ha's Engaged, Him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. This gracious Lord, hath paid a Sufficient Ransome unto the Justice of God, for the Souls of His Chosen; His very Life, even the Life of that Man, who is God as well as Man, and therefore One of infinite Value, has been given by Him, as a Ransome for them▪ They, to whom the Vertue of this Ransome, is actually ap­plyed, are set at Liberty, from the Hellish Thraldome, wherein the Enemies of their Souls have Enslaved [Page 11] them; The Prey is taken from the Mighty, and the Lawful Captive is delivered. Come then, my Afflicted Friends; In your Captivity, let it be your first Care, to Commit your Enslaved Souls into the Hands of the Lord JESUS CHRIST, With whom there is Plenteous Redemption, for He will Redeem His People from all their Iniquities: And Cry unto God, that through the Ransome, which the Lord JESUS CHRIST hath paid for you, even that Blood, which is more Precious than Silver and Gold, and all the Corruptible things of this World, you may have your Souls Redeemed, from all the Destruction, and Slavery, that Sin ha's brought upon them. When you have Sincerely thus, Believed on the Lord JESUS CHRIST, then you may Joyfully Sing, I know that my Redeemer Lives! Though you Dy in your African Captivity, yet you may Dy, Praising of God, for Saving you, from your Spiritual Captivity. Yea, 'tis possible, that you may Live to see us again, in this World, and Bless God with us, that ever you were sent into such a sad part of the World, as Africa; for if you Seek First, the Redemption of your Souls, the other will the sooner be Added unto you.

Especially, if you go on, more particularly to Express that Repentance, with which a True Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, will be accompanied. It is one of the Oracles in the Word of our God; If they Confess their Iniquity, & that they have walked Contrary unto me, and I also have walked Contrary unto them, and have brought them, into the Land of [Page 12] their Enemies, if then their Uncircumcised Hearts he Humbled, and they then accept of the Punishment of their Iniquity, then will I remember my Covenant. My Distressed Friends; Now you are in the Land of your Enemies, 'tis Time for you, Humbly to Con­fess unto the Lord, all that Iniquity, which He is Punishing, in this your Captivity: For the Lord, in His Oracles also forwarned His People, Because thou Servedst not the Lord thy God, with Joyfulness, There­fore shalt thou Serve thine Enemies, which the Lord shall send against thee, in Hunger, and in Thirst, and in Nakedness, and in the want of all Things. It may be said, Who gave you to the African Pyrats? It was the Lord, against whom you had Sinned. Have you forgotten the Story of Menasseh? Of Menasseh the Story is famous; That his Enemies took him, and bound him with Fetters, and carryed him to Babylon: and when he was in Affliction, he besought the Lord his God, and humbled himself greatly, and Prayed unto Him, and He was Entreated of him, and heard his Supplication, and brought him again to Jerusalem. Truly, my Brethren; your Enemies have taken you, and bound you, and Carried you to Africa: Now, in your Affliction, if you will Beseech the Lord your God, and Humble your selves greatly, who can tell, what He may do for you? It was a Good proposal, made by the poor Captives of old, among their Lamentations; Let us Seach and Try our Wayes, and Turn unto the Lord Solomon said, Captives are to Bethink themselves, and Repent! I advise you, To set before your selves the Commandments of [Page 13] God and what is Required and what is Forbidden, in every one of the Commandments; and very De­liberately Examine, how far you have in your own Conversation, Omitted what is Required, and Committed what is Forbidden; and Loath & Judge your selves before the Lord, for all the Evil that ha's been in all your wayes. It may be your Conscences, will now (as it was with Joseph's Bre­thren, when they saw themselves becoming Prison­ers ▪) accuse you, with a more special Remorse, for your Unthankfulness, and Perhaps Discontentment, under the Mercies of God, that formerly Surround­ed you, and for your Unfruitfulness and Misbehavi­ [...] under the means of Grace that once Enriched you; or, perhaps, for some Singular Acts of Wick­edness against God, or Injustice towards your Nigh­bours. Bewayl it all, before that God, who Forgives Iniquity, Transgression & Sin; and fly to the Blood of the Lord Jesus Christ, as a Fountain set open for Sin and for Uncleanness. Do not imagine, That it is too late for you, to obtain the Pardon of your Sins, now the Judgment of God ha's overtaken you for them; for it is not so: You may yet, thro' a CHRIST, come to Sing, Who is a God like unto thee, that Par­dons Iniquity? He retains not His Anger for ever, be­cause He delighteth in Mercy?

This therefore is the Fourth, and a Great Thing to be press'd upon you: PRAYER, Prayer without Ceasing. Your fierce Masters, lay heavy Burdens enough upon you; The Things, which we now lay upon you, are Burdens indeed unto an Unregene­rate [Page 14] Heart, but they are to Ease your Burdens I am sure, Prayer will do it marvellously. Our Bible men­tions one, who was of a Sorrowful Spirit; but it is added; Having poured out her Soul unto the Lord, she was no more sad. Oh! Let not the Angels of God, who are the Spectators of your Sorrows, and of your Actions under your Sorrows, have cause to make that Complaint of you, that the Prophet made of the People, that had been Slaves to the Babylonians, All this Evil is come upon them, yet they have not made their Prayer before the Lord their God. You cannot now make your Moans, to your Con­sorts, to your Parents, to your tender hearted Rela­tions; You wish, Oh! that I could! But you may make your moans to God in the Lord JESUS CHRIST, before whom, there comes, the Sighing of the Prisoner. Oh! Get alone, as often as you can, to pour out your Souls, and Spread all your Wants, all your Griefs, all your Fears, before that God, who is, The Hearer of Prayer. And, when you are at Prayer unto God, in the Lord Jesus Christ, I know, you will Importunately Cry to Him, for your De­liverance out of your doleful Captivity. We, a great way off, adjoyn our, AMEN, to that Prayer of yours. But then, to assist it, I counsel you, to look out, Suitable Promises of God, in His Word, for to plead with Him, in your Prayer, till your Faith be raised, even unto some Assurance. I hope, you will do all that is possible, to preserve your Bibles, and prize them, and love them, and Read them, as much as ever you can; and find in them those Delights, that [Page 15] will not let you Perish in your Affliction. Now, in your Bibles; make such Passages as these, the Food of your Meditations, the Force of your Suppli­cations.

Psal. 107.10.

Such as fit in darkness, and in the shadow of Death, because they Rebelled against the words of God,—there­fore He brought down their Heart with Labour,—They cried unto the Lord in their Trouble, and He saved them out of their Distresses. He brought them out of Dark­ness, and brake their Bands in sundor.

Deut. 30.2.

When thou shalt Return unto the Lord thy God, -Then the Lord thy God will turn thy Captivity, & have Com­passion upon thee.—If any be driven out, unto the utmost parts of Heaven, from thence will the Lord thy God ga­ther thee.

Jer. 29.14.

Ye shall Seek me, and Find me, when ye shall search for me, with all your Heart: And I will Turn away your Captivity, and gather you from all the places whi­ther I have driven you, saith the Lord.

Plead such Promises as these, with that God, whose prerogative it is, to Turn the Captivity of His people, and to Loose the Prisoners. Don't Rely on the Endeavours of your Friends, to Deliver you; but say, My Soul, watt thou only upon God, for my Expectation is from Him. Surprising Salvations have been sometimes wrought for Captives, in an­swer to Prayer thus prosecuted: The Lord has Tur­ned their Captivity, and made them sing, The Lord has done great Things for us! Only be sure to plead the Blood of the Lord JESUS CHRIST, as the [Page 16] Ransome for this Deliverance also: [...] must be by that Blood of the Covenant, that you are brought out of the Pit: The Lord JESUS CHRIST, is the Temple of God, with an Eye to whom, if you make your Supplication, unto God, in the Land of them that have Car­ried you Captives, God will Hear your Prayer, in Heaven. His Dwelling place, and forgive you.

In the mean Time; your Prayer will obtain this for you, That God, who hath the Hearts of all in His own Al­mighty Hand, will give you Compassion, before them, who have carried you Captives: as we read of some, in Psal. 106 46 He made them to be [...] of all those who carried them Captives. Yea, if you carry your selves, patiently, and Honestly, and Faithfully, and Industriously, as well as Prayerfully, in the Hard Service, which is by the Provi­dence of God put upon you, the Lord may not only En­cline your Masters, to favour you, (as Josephs did him, in his Captivity!) but may also make use of you, to do an unknown deal of Good, where He hath now appoint­ed your uneasy Stations. One poor Prisoner once was the Occasion and Instrument, of bringing a whole King­dom, to Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ. If you carry it well, [and, Oh! pray, that you may carry it well,] it all Respects, under your Tedious Hardships, you may Glorify the Lord Jesus Christ exceedingly.

Now, that being All, that I can farther do for you▪ do with Fervent Zeal for your Welfare, humbly pu [...] you over into His Blessing, and Saving, and Powerful and ever-glorious Hands, and Subscribe my self,

Yours in Him, Cotton Mather

This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal. The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.