From Rome, the 1. of May.

WHen the Cardinall of Strigonia vnderstood hee should not be admitted to haue audience of the Pope as Imperiall Ambassador, he did desire, that he might be heard by what Title soever. Thus his Holinesse gaue him audience, and his speech and com­plaints did last almost two houres, where the Pope was so troubled and wearied withall, that the Ambassadour of Tosca­ny, comming in after that the sayd Cardinall of Strigonia was gone, found the Pope so displeased, that he could not treat a­bout any businesse, but onely entertained the Pope with some other discourses, to make him merry againe. And the Pope himselfe (confessing to be overwearied about the Cardinals propositions) departed afterwards out of Rome, retyring himselfe into the Country, vpon the Patrimoniall land, lea­ving strict order, that none should come thither for any ne­gotiation. He went away on Wednesday morning, and will not returne till the twentieth of this Moneth of May.

Foure Gentle-men of this Citie of Rome, being chosen by the Councell of the Campidoglio, haue beene with the Pope, to beseech him, not to yeelde to the demands made for Spaine and Austria, concerning the treasure of the Castle. Where­upon the Pope with admirable eloquence (wherein indeede he doth excell) made a faire speech in answere, representing with an exaggeration the favours formerly shewed to the sayd house of Austria and Spaine, in giving them sums of [Page 2] monies amounting to many Millions, and there hee broke forth in teares, saying: Pro gratiarum actione and for a re­compence, We finde now there is layd waite for our life; Our life is sought for in our owne house; And should We now giue to them the sustenance, the bowels, the blood of this Citie? Let it neuer be sayd. They would haue vs thus stripped and naked, afterwards to invade Rome, and to com­mit against vs, against you (My Lords) against your wiues, against your children, against your blood, against the Chur­ches, against God himselfe, those cruelties and that wicked­nesse, which an hundred yeares agone, were committed in Rome. The fore-sayd Romane Gentlemen being dismissed, went forth full of complaints and hatred against the sayd house.

You cannot beleeue with what a generall joy and applause here is received the newes of the falling of the King of Swe­den into Bavaria, wherof I will not tell you more at this time, for feare you doe take it as if I did write it out of passion, al­though I can assure you, that that Duke is here thought to haue beene the chiefest cause of the miseries in Germanie, and that his exorbitant ambition hath deserved farre greater pu­nishment, then he can receiue, though he should bee vsed ten times worse then those, whom without cause he most vnjust­ly and cruelly hath persecuted and robbed, &c.

An extract of a Letter written at Warshaw, the 5. of Aprill, 1632.

Concerning the warre with Muscovia, it is thought it can­not be shunned. Therefore there are tenne thousand men to march towards the limits, to obserue what the Russians intend to doe, and (if it be possible) to make some longer truce, or finding the contrary, to send quickly word thereof hither to the Court. In which case, there shall be more forces sent thi­therwards, and the Prince also is then to carrie some troopes, (some speake of 12000. men) and joyne with the former, and so withstand the said Muscovits: And according as the [Page 3] enemie shall be found strong, so those of Littaw shall then helpe accordingly. And to this end both the Polonians and Li­thuanians haue graunted a Subsidie of two pobores, whereof two are to bee paid presently, and two about Michaelmas next.

As for the children of our late Queene, the States of Po­land, haue taken so good an order that they are now suffici­ently prouided for, to the great contentment of the King. For Prince Iohn Albert, who is an Ecclesiasticall person, hee is to haue the Bishoprick of Cracow: And although there was no mention or expression made of the other Church-man, to witt, of the Bishop of Neis: Yet neuer­thelesse it is supposed, hee shall haue that of Ermband, which the second Prince hath hitherto possessed. And as for the two politick Princes, named, Casimerus and Alexander, and likewise the Princesse their Sister, amongst them the goods both moueables and immoueables, as Chivaza, Galbe, Stras­burg and what else shee did injoye both in Poland and in Lithuania, shall bee divided; according as his Majestie shall thinke best to giue order for. At this free offer of the States the King hath taken much content, and to shew himselfe thankfull for such an vnexpected bounty and libe­rality, he hath both thanked them and surrendered some re­venues, which before were accounted amongst the due rents, to returne after his death vnto the States of the Kingdom: & the said lands are granted vnto the said princes with con­dition, that after their death they doe returne to the pos­session of certaine noblemen.

By this meanes the Prince Ratziville, is come againe in­to great fauor of the olde King, because he tooke great paines to haue the said Princes all well provided, according to right and reason (as he said) seeing the King their father neg­lecting and loonsig his owne hereditary dominions came so freely and contented himselfe with the Electiue king­dome. As for the matter of Coynes and the monie so much complained of, it is referred to the next Parliament, and re­maines meane while in the olde estate.

And concerning the point of Inter-regnum and gouernment if the King should bee too sicke or dye, it hath also beene delayed and left to some other Parliament. Because many of the Burgesses had no instruction about that affaire, and o­thers did conceiue, that his Majestie did intend to put the governement into the hands of his sonne Casimer, and so to procure him the succession to the Crowne wherunto there is no likelyhood the States will euer giue their consent. The rest of what was done, you will find in the printed con­clusion of this parliament, which to make an end, spent three dayes, by reason that the good olde King was not able to fit so long.

Extract out of an other letter, dated at Warshaw the 29. of Aprill 1632.

Since my last which was of the 5. of this moneth, our King fell againe very sicke, and because he often did rcover, we had no great feare he should as yet die: but it was Gods pleasure to take him away on this very day, which is the 29. of A­prill: I cannot tell you at this time other particularities about his death, for I haue my selfe beene not well these many daies, and therefore beene absent from Court. I will therefore on­ly tell you, that although there was hitherto no doubt, but the States would without any great consultation or conside­ration make choise of the eldest Prince Ʋladislaus to make him King of Poland. Yet neverthelesse I am at this very in­stant informed from a very good hand, that the Arch-Duke Leopold (the Emperors brother) hath (during the sicknesse of our late King) made himselfe a great partie, who intends to stand for him to make him King: There are also others that ayme another way: I pray God to keepe vs from dissention among our selues; and I hope yet, that our Prince (against whom there can be no exception at all) shall bee our King, and so we shall remaine in quietnesse whereof (God willing) I will giue you an account by my next.

Contents of a Letter written from Constantino­ple the 28. of March, 1632. rela­ting the present state there.

Here is now againe an indifferent calme, and the boiste­rous tempest is somwhat ceased through the death of the Tefterdar, who was taken hold on the 21. of this mounth and the day following had halfe his head strooke off, and afterwards tyed by the leggs and drawne vp and hanged on the tree before the gate of the Palace of the Vizeer where the Ianizary Aga was hanged. Which caused great joy and acclamation among the people, not onely the Militarie, but all Nations and sorts of people, of what ranke soever, dwel­ling within this Citie. The consultation and plot was con­cluded and agreeed vpon by the great Turke or Emperour, & the three lately murdered persons, namely thus; presently vp­on the tydings of the death of the deposed Ʋizeer, also to dispatch and make away the now raigning Rogieb Bassha. The Tefterdar Ʋizeer, the Ianizar Aga, Captaine Bassha or Ad­mirall of the Sea, and to make the Chamberlaine Muza Qui­lebij, Ianizar Aga. And afterward by the assistance (or at least permission) of the other Ianizaries, (whom they thought ge­nerally to corrupt with great gifts and briberies) to massacre all the Syphahies, by that meanes to confirme the authoritie of the Emperour, or great Turke, and re-establish the same.

It is received for a generall opinion, that the Ʋizeer, who first broached this businesse and plotted this mischiefe, is fal­len in great distaste & disgrace with the great Turke or Emp: however it doth not yet burst forth or appeare; but in the meane time there is a vigilant eye over him. And that his Im­periall Majestie when time shall serue (to wit, as soone as the Syphahies shall be destroyed) will make the world sensible of his resentment and affection of the said plot, which he cannot but take to heart, and will plenarily take his opportune re­venge: Although the afore-sayd Vizeer is one of the best and [Page 6] ablest men, which this Empire hath produced this long time, and (quod rarum est) is generally beloved and affected of all Nations and all people.

Two dayes agoe about sixe thousand Ianizaries, which are termed Symenj, were sent with their Commaunders to Mous­sul, to helpe to keepe and defend the same Citie; as also the Frontiers against the inroad of the Persians, because the Mi­litarie is againe retired backe-

Newes from Germanie, viz: Franckford, and Augsburg, the 28 of May, 1632.

The King of Sweden with the King of Bohemia are at this present at Munchen in Bavaria. The Ambassadour of France is mediating of a peace, in the behalfe of the Duke of Bava­ria: which is thought will bee accomplished, with great fa­vour of the King of Sweden, who hath divided his Armie in two parts, so that wee doe expect speedily some strange ef­fects.

It is vncredible of the vnestimable wealth that the King hath found in the said Citie of Munchen, and especially in the Iesuits Church, with Images made by Brouse that famous Artist, and the manufactures of silver worke of divers kinds. In fine, there is not any Church in the world, that is more ri­cher or costlier, it is counted the second Esquriall. The King hath found in this Citie the best and fairest Ordnance that e­ver man beheld.

From Antwerp the 5. of Iune.

Our Forces march on the Spanish Iashon Piano, with lead in their shoes. The Marquis de Sante Croes, hath his Rendevous at Thienen in Brabant. We heare that Graue Ernest Van Nassaw is arrived in the Isle of Wolcheren, or Zealand, with certaine hundreds of shippes and boats, with about 8. or 9000 men, & that hee hath some designe vpon Flaunders. Which causeth our Souldiers to remaine there, otherwise they should haue come vnto the Marquis de Sainte Croes, his Leger at Theinen. This Sainte Croes thought to haue relieved Venlo, but now he may spare his labour.

From Rome the 21. of Aprill.

The Viceroy of Napels hath by a printed Proclamation made knowne to all the inhabitants throughout that whole Kingdome, the great necessity and want that now the house of Austria and Spaine doe suffer, by reason of the warres in Germany and opposition of the Hollanders, and to this end hath admonished all those that are of any abilitie to raise each of them one horseman, or otherwise to contribute and pay 30. Ducates towards the maintenance of the great warres now in hand. And did also declare in the publication, that his Mai: of Spaine himselfe in person will this summer betake himselfe in the feild with a mighty Army. To which end he hath required his owne Kingdome of Spaine to main­taine 30000. foote, and 6000. horse, which now are sud­dainly to be leuied.

From Lyons the 24 of Aprill.

In France the leuy continueth yet very strongly both for forces of horse and of foote. And not withstanding this great preparation, wee know not whither his Mai: dis­signe is tending. The Duke of Loranie doth also continue his leuies, who is said to be gone with the Dutches of Psal [...]z­burg towards Bruxels, it is supposed that there will a match be contracted betweene her and the French Kings Brother: Although that iourney is not beleeued

The Spanyard is said to be at this present very desirous and earnest to contract a peace with the Hollanders.

The said King of Spaine doth require great contribution from the Spirituality, and doth impose taxations vpon them for the maintaining of these warres against the King of Swe­den. And hath required these of the Kingdome of Arrago­nia, Catalania and Valentia, to contribute largely toward his present occasions, as being the most able and richest of his Dominions, but it is said, they haue vtterly refused the same. And caused his Mai: to vnderstand, that they would be very glad, If they heare and perceiue that he did not so much trouble himselfe with the present affaires in Germany.

From the Swedish Armie the 24 of April neare vnto Buxtehoede.

The 19. of this moneth we are come hither vnder the command of the Feild Marshall Todt. In three dayes wee marched 24. leagues and the 4. day wee marched according to rhe same progresse, and are come at Hornburgh within a mile of Buxtchoed. The enimy purposed to assault vs and to cut vs off from our Foote forces, which are enqvartered euery whe [...]e here about. Gonerall Maior Lohhausen behaued himselfe manfully against his enemy. When Papenheym once would have fallen vpon vs, Lohhausen with some Citizens and Soldi [...]rs was absent for a while. But they continuing shooting, wee with our Caualery made towards them, but nothing was effected to any purpose, by reason that our Foote forces, were not neare at hand, neuerthelesse the eni­mie was glad to retreat, admiring that our Cauallery was so strong.

From Hildersheym the 4. of May.

The Field-marshall Todt of his owne accord retyred backe & left Pappenheym with 3. Regiments in Stoad. the Field-marshall with his Army lay before Stoad ready for battle vntil hee vnderstood that Pappenheym would come forth he retyred. And diuided his Army into three parts. The middlemost part marched forward: the other two parts were kept on the two sides somewhat out of the way. Now when Benninghausen with three Regiments went a­gainst these Swedish forces, which marched on forward. The other two parts of the field-marshall Todt his Army came against Benninghausen toward Stoad, fell vpon the body of his troupes and defeated them, brought Benninghausen pri­soner to Euxtehoed, and vtterly ouerthrew 14. of their com­panies, and brought the 14. Ensignes to Zell. Now the field­marshall Toda is againe before Stoad with many forces and Pappenheym himselfe is within the City where he is coupt vp.

From Hamburgh the 5. of May.

Duke Francis Charles of Saxon Lawenburgh is come with his troupes in the Country of Lunenburg and in Bardwycke, & made all things in a good plight there, & hath all things fitly prepared for warre, hee for certaine dayes together caused Sermons to be preached in all Churches, and pray­ers to be made, and afterward held a generall Muster of all his forces. Many of the Bishops, chiefe Lords and Prelates welcommed him into those parts, and saluted and wished him ioy, after he had left good orderthere he brok vp with two Regiments of horse and foote, and is come neere vnto Buxtehoed where he hath joyned forces with the field-mar­shall Todt, where they keepe very good order & discipline, and cause daily prayers to be made twice, Morning & Eue­ning throughout their whole Army, they doe also hold con­sultation how they may possibly surprize and assault the E­nemy. Pappenh [...]ym is newly fallen out of the Citty Stoad at two Gates, and hath skirmished along while with our for­ces. Our field-marshall and the rest did resist them so manfully, that their Gates of Stoad grew so narrow for the Imperialists that they could not all get in but many stayd be­hind who will not relate vnto their fellowes how they speed.

From Venice the 7. of May.

Here hath beene an extraordinary Ambassador from the Emperour who hath receiued answer, that they intend wel to the house of Austria, and that they will further the Spa­nish proceedings in Jtaly, as farre as should ley in their pow­er, but of late they had beene at such extraordinary expen­ces that they could not make large contributions towards the maintenance of warre, but they would affoord the Em­perour, and King of Spaine the passage from the Adriaticke Sea, and helpe them with their owne shipping.

From Constantinople wee vnderstand, that the lanizaries proceed still with their turbulent and violent tumult and discord. Many haue beene murthered by their meanes, and this manner of doing continueth still. It is a question whe­ther [Page 10] the Gran Signior bee aliue or dead. If this tempest bee not calmed by some speedy qualification, it is like to haue a fearefull effect.

From Vlm the 9. of May.

Vpon Munday last the Gouernour of this City defeated some Imperiall troupes, and hath taken from them foure Ensignes.

From Mosburg the 10. of May.

Both the Kings Maiesties are now in the midst of Baua­ria, they haue taken Landshut and also the passage to Mos­burgh ouer the Riuer Yz [...]r, so that now they haue a direct free way towards Ratisbon or Regensburg.

From Augsburg the 12. of May.

This day the King of Sweden breakes vp with his Army from Landshut, but whether he tends we cannot yet know. The Deputies of Munchen cannot agree about the condi­tions, but his Maiestie of Sweden will doubtlesse decide the question, for they are at his will and power. The whole Bishopricke of F [...]esingen is freely yeelded vp to his Maiesty and payd him contribution. Hereupon some Boores in Swa­ben being 10000. strong haue assembled themselues toge­ther, they haue taken againe Leutkirch and Wengen, they haue with them some peeces of Ordnance. But some of our forces which are already sent against them wil soone coole their courage,

This weeke the aforementioned Boores did ouercome and surprise 50. Swedish soldiers. Crabates, betweene Shro­benhousen and Sticha. These Boores when they had maste­red them, did cut off their eares and noses, chopt off their hands and feete, & put out their eyes▪ and so left them, these deuilish Boores doe great mischiefe of the like nature. As soone as the King of Sweden was aduertised of the cruell in­solencies of those Boores▪ hee was much displeased, and so much the more, because he saw that his soldiers would not put it vp▪ but presently cryed reuenge and fired their villa­ges, insomuch that in one day there were seene two hun­dred seuerall fires blazing at once.

From Vlm the 12. of May.

About Bregenty and those parts, the Catholicke Boores assembled together, being some thousands of them they haue taken Wangen and Rauensburgh, and therein slaine all the Swedish Soldiers. Therevpon the Swedish Generall hath yesterday brought all the Swedish troupes together, and is fully resolued, since the Boores haue not kept the a­greement formerly made, to destroy them all with fire and sword; and whereas the Swedish did vnderstand, that the Commander Harancourt was on the march from Alsatia with some thousands of men to adioyne his forces to those of the Duke of Bauaria, they presently sent for more foote forces from Ausburg and those parts, and some Crabates also, with intention to meete with them. And now comes tydings, that the Swedish haue surprized some of the Boores neere vnto Weingarten, and slaine two hun­dred of them, and put the rest to flight. How the other shall speed wee shall ere long acquaint you.

The Bauarian forces haue lately murthered some of the Swedish Saue-guards, wherefore the Bauarians must not looke for quarter when they shall come to fall into the Swedish hands.

From Cassell the 14. of May.

Wee had hoped to diuert Pappenheyms proceeding by the meanes of the inroad into the Bishopricke of Collen, but it hath not taken the same effect, neuerthelesse the marching of our souldiers thither hath not beene altoge­ther fruitlesse, for our Prince the Landgraue of Hessen hath taken Briel by strength of Armes, and brought all the sol­diers of that Garrison with their Colours into this Ci­ty.

From Donaweert the 5. of May.

We understand from the Royall Army of Sweden, that his Maiesty of Sweden himselfe in person is now come be­fore Munchen: and since they seeme not to accept of his Mai: Articles of agreement, it is thought the King will give that City as a prey to his souldiers, for it is at his d [...]uotion.

Three of the Kings Regiments were lately sent forth to­ward Ratisbone, to observe how things stood there: but part of them fell to pillaging; in the meane time, 3. Regiments of Bavarians fell out of the City, and surprised some of the Swedes and slew them, but the other Swedes recollecting their forces together, fell upon the Bavarians, and defeated some, drove them all backe, being glad, to take their Citie for refuge.

From Augspurg the 6. of May.

The Swedes are at Landsberg, which they tooke lately, and found great store of Ordnance and munition: besides the Ordnance also great and small 18. in number, they obtained there 100. Wagons with munition.

The Commander Sparrenter hath taken Dunckenspiel, and is now ayming at Ellwang, the Boores thereabout come very strong together, but the Bavarians doubtlesse will not long keepe that City.

From Frey [...]ingen the 16. of May.

Newes at this present we have but little, onely that we doe now from hence take our way to Munchen, the City of residence, of the Duke of Bavaria. The Deputies of that Citie were yesterday here, but were not admitted to speake with his Maiesty.

From Franckfort the 11. of May.

The Spanish forces are yet in and about Spier, they fortifie themselves there. And notwithstanding that City hath yeelded them 80000. Ryxdollars for Contribution, the Ci­tizens neverthelesse, are pillaged and abused without any respect at all. The chiefe of the City intend to betake them­selves to Strasburg.

The City of Worms is dayly fortified, they have broken downe the Suburbs, all the Citizens that are able must la­bour about the Workes. In like manner is Manheym Pro­vided.

The Swedish forces are commanded to the Mozell, to have good regard unto the Spanish forces. To which end, all the passages are beset.

Yesterday there were brought hither divers pieces of Ordnance, and are to be sent from hence to Mentz, which City is also fortified.

Her Mai: the Queen of Sweden, as yet resides heere, the Chancelor Oxenstern is at Mentz, we doe not yet heare that the Spanish do attempt any thing more than what they have done already.

Now presently we have received tydings, that the Swedes at Zimmern have taken two Commissaries Prisoners, and one Captaine, with divers Spanish souldiers, and have brought them to Mentz. Don Gonzales de Cordua is not yet passed over the River of Mozell.

From Vlm the 2. of May.

Since our Gouernour here hath brought the whole Circle of Swaben vnder the King of Swedens contribution he went into the Dukedome of Wirtemberg where he receiued from the Administrator 2000. land soldiers. During his absence frō hence we receiued newes that diuers of the Catholicks in this Circle, especially some Abbots & other Churchmen, one Lord Druches of Waldburg and other Gentlemen, did rebell and gathered both their owne and other subiects of the house of Austria: and that the said troopes did much harme and did use great cruelties against such Swedish soul­diers as they did meet withall. But now we doe likewise understand that the Swedish Dragons: that lay in Biberach, to revenge these perfidious and foule dealings, fell into the Dominions of the sayd Lord Druchses, pillaging and burning downe diuers Villages and Townes, as Wurthach, Waldsee, and others.

From Vlm the 9. of May.

The King of Sweden went with his Army from Preisengen [Page 14] towards Munchen, the Magistrates whereof to save theyt City from pillaging, did offer the King two hundred thou­sand Dollars, but the King doth not accept of theyr offer, and is still marching thitherwards.

We doe heare from Ingolstadt, that there doe lye three Regiments of Bavarian souldiers for Garrison in it, which are commanded by young Tilly.

We receive likewise newes, that fourteene thousand Boores, that had gathered themselves about the Towne called Winegarten, to refuse the promised Contribution, and to defend themselves against the Swedes: were no sooner met with about 3000. Swedish souldiers, but they presently cast away theyr armes, and yeilded themselves. Their Ge­nerall being a Gentleman called Shwendy was taken Priso­ner, and is to be brought hither.

It is also confirmed, that Colonell Rhelinger, being accom­panied with 15 horsemen, met by chance with 50 Crabats, amongst whom he couragiously setting, he slew some, and tooke thirty of them Prisoners, and the rest saved them­selves by the swiftnesse of their horses.

This very houre we receive newes from a good hand, that Pappenheym hath beene quite defeated in lower Saxo­ny, and that he scarce hath saved himselfe with seaven or eight horses.