THat no man pretend ignorance, The publi­shing of the Articles & Ordinances of Warre. and that every one may know the duty of his place, that he may do it; The Articles and Ordinances following, are to be published at the generall Rendezvous in every Re­giment apart, by the Majors of the severall Re­giments, and in the presence of all the Officers. The same shall afterward be openly read to every Company of Horse and Foot, and at such times as shall be thought most conve­nient by the Lord Generall: and in like manner shall be made known to so many as joyn themselves to be professed Souldiers in the Army. For this end, every Colonell and Captain shall provide one of those Books, that he may have it in readinesse at all occasi­ons, and every Souldier shall solemnly swear this following Oath.

IN. The Soul­diers Oath. N. promise and sweare to be true and faithfull in this Service, according to the heads sworne by me in the Solemn League and Covenant of the three Kingdomes: To honour and obey my Lord Generall, and all my Superiour Officers and Com­manders, and by all means to hinder their dishonour and hurt: To observe carefully all the Articles of Warre and Camp Di­scipline: never to leave the defence of this Cause, nor flee from my Colours so long as I can follow them: To be ready to watch­ing, warding, and working, so farre as I have strength: To en­dure and suffer all distresses, and to fight manfully to the ut­termost, as I shall answer to GOD, and as GOD shall help me.

I. Kirk Disci­pline. Kirk Discipline shall be exercised, and the sick cared for in e­very Regiment, by the particular Eldership, or Kirk-Session to be [Page 3]appointed, even as useth to be done in every Parish in the time of Peace: And that there may be an uniformity throughout the whole Army in all matters Ecclesiasticall, there shall be a generall Elder­ship, or common Ecclesiastick Judicatory, made up of all the Mini­sters of the Camp, and of one Elder direct from every particular Regiment, who shall also judge of Appellations made unto them from the particular Sessions or Elderships.

II. For deciding of all questions, Counsels of Warre. debates and quarrellings that shall arise betwixt Captains and their Souldiers, or any others of the Army, and for the better observing of Camp-Discipline, two Courts of Justice, the one higher, and the other lower, are appoin­ted, wherein all judges are sworn to do justice equally: The high­er also to judge of Appellations to be made from the lower Court. And if any man shall by word or gesture shew his contempt or misregard, or shall fall out in boasting or braving, while Courts are sitting, he shall be punished by death. And both these Judicatories, as well of the Kirk matters, as of Warre, shall be subject to the Generall Assembly, and Committee of Estates respectivè.

III. Duties to God. Whosoever shall wilfully or carelesly absent himself from morning and evening Prayers, or from P [...]eaching before and after­noon on the Lords Day, or other extraordinary times appointed for the worship of God, when the sign is given by found of Trumpet or Drumme, he shall be censured and punished for his neglect or contempt, by penalty, imprisonment, or other punishment, as his fault deserveth.

After the warning given, there shall be no Market, nor selling of Commodities whatsoever, till the Prayers or Preaching be end­ed, upon the pain of forfeiting the things so sold, and of the impri­soning of the offenders.

IV. Common and ordinary swearing and cursing, open profa­ning of the Lords Day, wronging of his Ministers, and other Acts of that kinde, shall not only be pun [...]shed with losse of pay and impri­sonment, but the transgressours shal make their publick repentance in the midst of the Congregation, and if they will not be reclaim­ed, they shall with disgrace be openly casheered and discharged, as unworthy of the meanest place in the Army.

V. Duties to the King, Countrey, and Gen [...] If any shall speak irreverently against the Kings Majesty and his Authority, or shall presume to offer violence to his Majesties Person, he shall be punished as a Traytor. He that shall speak evill of the Cause which we defend, or of the Kingdoms, the Parliaments, Convention of Estates, or their Committees in the defence there­of, or shall use any words to the dishonour of the Lord Generall, he shall be punished with death.

No man shall at his own hand, without warrant of the Commit­tee, or of my Lord Generall, have, or keep intelligence with enemy b [...] speech, letters, signes, or any other way, under the pain to be pu­n shed as a Traytour. No man shall give over any Strength, Maga­zine, Victuall, &c. Or make any such motion, but upon extremity, un­der the same pain. No man shall give supply, or furnish Money, Vi­ctuall, or any Commodities to the enemy, upon pain of death.

Whosoever shall be found to doe violence against the Lord Ge­nerall, his Safe-guard, or Safe-conduct, shall die for it.

Whosoever shall be found guilty of carelesnesse and negligence in his service, although he be free of treacherie and double dealing, shall bear his own punishment.

VI. Duties of Superiours. All Commanders & Officers shal be carefull, both by their autho­rity and example, that all under their charge, live in godlines, sober­bernesse, and righteousnes: and if they themselves shall be common swearers, cursers, drunkards, or any of them at any time shall come drunk to his Guard, or by quarrelling, or any otherway shall commit any notable disorder in his quarter, losse of place shall be his pun sh­ment; And further according to the sentence of the Court of War.

The Captains that shall be negligent in training their Companies, or that shall be found to with-hold from their Souldiers any part of their pay, shall be discharged of their place, and further censured by the Court of War.

No Commander or Officer shall conceal dangerous and discon­tentented humours, inclined to mutinies, or grudging at the orders given them, but shall make them known to the prime Leaders of the Army, upon the pain to be accounted guilty of mutiny.

No Commander or Officer shall authorize, or wittingly permi [...] any Souldier to go forth to a singular Combat, under pain of death; But on the contrary, all Officers shal be careful by all means to part quarrellings amongst Souldiers, although they be of other Regi­ments or Companies, and shall have power to command them to prison, which if the Souldiers shall disobey or resist by using any Weapon, they shall die for it.

No Captain shall presume at his own hand, without warrant of the Lord Generall, to casheer or give a Passe to any enrolled Souldi­er or Officer, who hath appeared at the place of the Generall Ren­dezvous; nor shall any Commander, Officer, or Souldier depart with­out a Passe, or stay behinde the time appointed him in his Passe; and whosoever transgresseth the one way or the other, shall be puni­shed at the discretion of the Court of Warre. Duties of [...].

VII. All Souldiers shall remember that it is their part to ho­nour [Page 5]and obey their Commanders, and therefore shall receive their commands with reverence, and shall make no noise, but be silent, when the Officers are commanding or giving their directions, that they may be heard by all, and the better obeyed: he that faileth a­gainst this, shall be imprisoned.

No Souldier shall leave his Captaine, nor servant foresake his Master, whether he abide in the Army or not, but upon licence granted, and in an orderly way.

Whosoever shall presume to discredit any of the great officers of the Army, by writ, word, or any other way, and be not able to make it good, and whatsoever shall lift his Weapon against any of them, shall be punished by death; and whosoever shall lift his hand against any of them, shall lose his hand.

No Souldier, nor inferiour Officer, shall quarrell with, or offer any injurie to his Superiour, nor refuse any duty commanded him upon pain of casseering, and to be further censured by the Court of Warre, And if any shall presume to strike his Superiour, hee shall be punished with death. But if it shall happen, that any Of­ficer shall command any thing to the evident and known prejudice of the publick, then shall he who is commanded, modestly refuse to obey and presently give notice thereof to the Lord Generall.

If any man shall use any words or wayes, tending to mutinie or sedition, whether for demanding his pay, or upon any other cause; or if any man shall bee privie to such mutinous speeches or wayes, and shall conceale them; both shall be punished with death.

All must shew their valour against the Enemie, & not by reveng­ing their private injuries, which upon their complaints to their supe­riour Officers, shall be repaired to the full. And if any man presume to take his own satisfaction, or challenge a Combat, he shall be im­prisoned, and have his punishment decerned by the Marshall Court,

The Provest-Marshall must not be resisted or hindered, in appre­hending or putting Deliquents in prison, and all Officers must assist him to this end, and if any man shall resist or break prison, he shall be censured by the Court of Warre, Duties to others.

VIII. Murther is no lesse unlawfull and intolerable in the time of Warre, then in the time of Peace, & is to be punished with death.

Whosoever shall be found to have forced any woman, whether he be Commander or Souldier, shall die for it without mercy. And whosoever shall be found guiltie of adultery o [...] fornication, shal bee no lesse severely censured and punished then in the time of Peace.

If any common whores shall be found following the Army, if they be married women, and run away from their husbands, they [Page 6]shall be put to death without mercy, and if they be un-married, they shall be first marked by the hang-man, and thereafter by him scourged out of the Army.

Theeves and Robers shall be punished with the like severity. If any shall spoile, or take any part of th [...]ir goods that die in the Ar­my, or are killed in service, he shall restore the double, and be fur­ther punished at discretion. It is provided, that all their goods be forthcoming, and be disposed of according to their Testament and Will, declared by word or writ before witnesses, or if they have made no Testament, to their Wives, Children, or nearest Kindred, according to the Lawes of the Kingdome.

All shall live together as friends and brethren, abstaining from words of disgrace, contempt, reproach, giving of lies, and all pro­vocation by word or gesture: He that fai [...]eth, shall be imprisoned for the first fault, and if he be incorrigible, he shall be with shame punished and put out of the Army.

IX. Concern­ing Arms. All Souldiers shall come to their Colours, to watch, to be exercised, or to muster, with their own Armes & if any Souldier shal come with another mans Armes, he shall be punished with rigour, and the lender shal lose his Armes. All shal come also with compleat & tight Arms in a decent manner, otherwise to be severely punished.

If any man shall sell or give in pawne his horse, his Armes, or any part of the Amunition committed to him, or any Instruments; as Spades, Shovels, Pickes, used in the Field, he shall for the first and second time be beaten through the quarter, and for the third time be punished as for other theft: And he that buyeth them, or taketh them to pawne, be he Souldier or Victualler, shall pay the double of the Money, beside the want of the things bought or im­pawned, and be further punished at discretion.

Whosoever in a debauched and lewd manner by Cards or Dice, or by sloath and unexcusable neglect, shall lose his horse & Armes, in whole, or in part, to the hinderance of the service; And who­soever shall wilfully spoile or break his Arms, or any instrument of Warre committed to him, by cutting down of Trees, or any other way, he shall serve as a Pioner, till the losse be made up, and he furnished upon his own charges.

X. Concern­ing march­ing. No man on his march, or at his lodgeing, within or without the Countrey upon whatsoever pretext, shall take by violence either horse, cattell, goods, money, or any other thing lesse or more, but shall pay the usuall prices for his meat and drink, or be furnished in an orderly way upon compt, at the sight of the Commissar, ac­cording to the order given by the Committee upon pain of death, without mercy.

If any man shall presume to pull down, or set on fire any dwel­ling house, though a Cottage, or hew down any fruit-trees, or to waste or deface any part of the beauty of the Country, he shall be punished most severely, according to the importance of the fault.

In marching, no man shall stay behinde without leave: No man shall straggle from his Troup or Company: No man shall march out of his rank, and put others out of order, under all highest pain.

XI. Of musters. If any Colonel of horse or foot shall keep back his Soul­diers from the appointed musters, or shall lend his souldiers to make a false muster, upon triall in the Court Marshall, he shall be punished as a deceiver. And if any Muster-master shall use any false rolls, shall have any hand in false Musters, or by connivance, or any other way be tried to be accessary to them, he shall suffer the like punishment. Victuallers

XII. No man shall presume to doe the smallest injury to any that bring necessaries to the Leager, whether by stealing from them or deceiving them, or by violence in taking their horse or goods, under the pain to be accounted and punished as enemies. No victuallres, shall sell rotten victualls upon paine of imprisonment and confiscation, & further as they shall be judged to deserve.

No Souldier shall provide and sell Victualls, unlesse he be au­thorized, nor shall any that selleth Victualls, keep in his Tent or Hutte any Souldier at unseasonable houres, and forbidden times, under pain at discretion: Like-as, all the prices thereof shall be set down by the generall Commissar and be given to the Quarter­master of the severall Regiments.

XIII. Duties in the Camp. No man enrolled professing himself or pretending to be a Souldier, shall abide in the Army, unlesse he enter in some Com­pany, nor shall he that hath entered depart without licence, upon paine of death. No man having license shall stay beyond the time appointed him, upon pain of the losse of his pay during the time of his absence, and further punishment at discretion. If any man in a mutinous way, shew himselfe discontent with the quarter assigned him, he shall be punished as a mutiner. And if any man shall stay out of his quarter, or go without shot of Cannon being intrench­ed, but one night, without leave of his superiour Officer, he shall be casseerd.

All that shall be absent from the watch after the signe is given for the setting thereof shall be severely punished. He that reveal­eth or falsifieth the watch word given by the Officer, within the Trenches, or before the Colours: He that is taken sleeping or drunk upon his watch: He that cometh off the watch before the time [Page 8]every one of those shall be punished with death.

Whosoever shall assemble themselves together for taking muti­nous counsell upon whatsoever pretext; they all, whether Officers or Souldiers, shall suffer death.

XIV. Duties in Battell. Every man when the Alarme is given, shall rep [...]r speedily to his Colours; no man shall forsake or flee from his Colours.

No man in the Countrey shall reset them that flee.

No man in the battell shall throw away his Musket, Pike, or Bandileir, all under the pain of death.

Whatsoever Regiment of horse or foote, having charged the e­nemy, shall draw back or flee before they come to stroke of sword, shall answer for it before a Councell of warre; and whosoever Of­ficer or Souldier shall be found to be in the default, they shall be punished by death, or some shamefull punishment, as the Councel of warre shall finde their cowardise to deserve. Duties after Battell.

XV. If it shall come to passe, that the enemy shall give us battell, and the Lord shall give us victorie, none shall kill a yeelding enemy nor save him that still pursueth, upon paine of death. Neither shall there be any ransomeing of persons, spoyling, pillaging, par [...]ing of he prey, or disbanding from their charges, or Offices, but as the Lord Generall shall give order upon the same pain of death.

XVI. Rewards for the wel deserving. Every mans cariage shall be diligently observed, and he ac­cording to his merit rewarded or punished: And whatsoever Officer or Souldier shall take Commanders, or the C [...]lours of the enemy, or in the siege of Townes shall first [...]nter a breach, or scale the wals, & shall carry himself dutifully in his station, and doth his part valiant­ly, in skirm [...]sh or battell, shal after the laudable exemple of the wisest and worthi [...]st Kingdomes and Estates, have his honour and reward according to his worth and deserving, whether hereafter we have peace or war.

Matters that are clear by the light and law of nature are pre­supposed: Things unnecessary, are past over in silence: and other things may be judged by the common customes and constitutions of warre, or may upon new emergents, bee expressed afterward.