THE TRUE ISRAELITE.
Then Nathaniel said: Can any good thing come from Nazareth? Philip said unto him: Come and see.
Iesus saw Nathaniel coming unto him: and said of him, Behold a true Israelite in whom is no fraud!
SAint Iohn, who alone among the Evangelists setteth downe the history of Nathaniel, hath from the forty verse [Page 2] of this Chapter unto the end thereof, delivered unto us six speciall things concerning him.
1 First, his Calling to the Faith of Christ, and that by the ministration of Philip.
2 Secondly, his Comming to Christ.
3 Thirdly, the Commendation that Christ gives him.
4 Fourthly, his Conference with Christ.
5 Fifthly, his Confession, and notable acknowledgment of Christ: saying, Thou art that Sonne of God, Thou art that [Page 3] King of Israel. Ioh. 1.49.
6 Sixthly, his hopefull blessing in the promise of Christ made unto him saying [...], Ioh. 1.50. thou shalt see greater things than these.
Three of these are contained in the words now to bee handled. namely, Nathaniels
- 1. Calling.
- 2. Comming.
- 3. Cōmendation.
First, his Call, in these words, Come and see.
In his Call to Christ, two things are observable.
- [Page 4]1 His prevention, he comes not of himselfe, but moved and excited by God.
- 2 His direction, hee comes not by himselfe, but guided by the hand of Philip.
1. His Prevention.
THAT Nathaniel comes not to Christ, but moved and stirred up by the preventing grace of God, shewes that the state and condition of every man by Nature is such, that we [Page 5] are found of God, before we seeke him: and moved by his grace, before we stirre unto him: So that each one of us may truely say of our selves with the Prophet David: Ps. 119.176. I have gone astray like a sheepe that is lost, O seeke thy servant! Wee are by Nature as the lost groat, fallen out of the hand of Gods favour by Adams fall: Wee are by continuall practice of our naturall errors, as the lost sheepe, that have wandred from God: and we are by rebellion, and wilfull neglect [Page 6] of Gods offered grace, as the prodigall and lost Childe, that have wantonned against God.
We are bound therefore thankfully to acknowledge, and carfully to maintaine the preventing grace of God, which finding us lost under the Fig-leaves of vain security, in the shadow of death: yet leaves us not, till we are brought to the tree of life, the Light of Grace and Glory. For though it be said onely, that Iesus saw Nathaniel comming unto him: yet hee was not a [Page 7] bare beholder of his comming, but the Cause, the moover, the secret worker therof. Iesus saw Nathaniel comming, but he also saw his owne handy worke upon him, according to that speech of our Lord, Ioh 15.5. Without me ye can doe nothing: Nathaniel being deceived in the apprehension of Christ, as meere man, asked him, vnde me nosti? Whence knewst thou me? Iohn 1.48. to whom the Lord replied: Before that Philip cal'd thee when thou wast under the figge tree, I saw thee O Nathaniel, [Page 8] if the Lord had not knowne thee, thou had'st not knowne thy selfe, not knowne him, not knowne heaven! If the Lord had not seene thee first with the eye of mercy, thou hadst never seene him with the eye of faith. So beloved, before Gods messengers call us from the darknesse of sinne and ignorance, to the marveilous light of Grace and truth: the Lord saw us in our danger, lying as it were at the gate of hell, full of sores, full of sinnes, uncovered, uncured, unpityed, according [Page 9] to that of David, Ps. 142 4. there was no man that would know me, no man that cared for my soule. He then saw us with the eye of mercy, and had compassion on us, and decreed concerning us to give deliverance, according to that charge to his messenger, Iob 33.24. Deliver him, that he goe not downe into the pitt, for I have received a reconciliation. If then the Lord know us, if the Lord see us, with this preventing gift of Grace, whilst we imbrace the same, wee are so moved, that wee [Page 10] doe not onely come to see Christ with Nathaniel, nor long only with the Greekes saying: Wee would faine see Iesus! Ioh. 12 21. But as the faithfull soule speakes, Ca. 1.3 wee runne after him in the sweet savour of his Oyntments, and so runne that wee obtaine the Saviour: yet having obtained, we humbly remember that saying of the Apostle Paul, what hast thou that thou hast not received. 1. Cor. 4 7. O tu ecclesia saith Saint Austine, O thou Church, S. Au. in pri. cap. O thou Israel without fraud, if thou art now an holy [Page 11] people, and hast knowne Christ by the Word of the Prophets and Apostles, as Nathaniel knew him by the guidance of Philip: yet miserecordia sua ante te vidit, quam tu eum cognoseres, cum sub peccato jaceres, with his mercy he saw thee, before thou knew'st him, when thou layest under the burthen of thy sinne, where this is not confessed, and the Glory of our Convertion not given to the preventing Grace of Christ, there is not the true Isralite, but the fraudulent, and proud-hearted [Page 12] Pelagian. An injurious ingratefull fraud it is, to arrogate that to our selves which wee have of the meere goodnesse of our Lord: therefore in the feeling of the Lords mercy upon us, & remembrance of our desperate and lost estate, Let us thankefully say with the Prophet David, Not unto us, Ps. 115.1. Lord not unto us, but to thy Name bee the glory.
2. His Direction.
AS yee have heard how Nathaniel was prevented by a mercifull Call from God: so next heare how hee was directed by Philip as a faithfull guide! In which two things are remarkable.
- 1 The Power of his Direction.
- 2 The Manner of his Direction.
For the power of it, wee are to know that God hath appointed the ministeriall direction as an Order for the working of faith, sanctifying the preaching of the Word to bee the Power and Wisedome of Christ to salvation: according to that in St. Iohns gospel: Ioh. 17.17. sanctifie them in thy truth, thy word is the Truth, and to that in the Acts spoken by St. Paul: I commend you to God, Act. 20.32. and the word of his grace, which is able to build further: who therefore cals the Gospel the word of [Page 15] Gods grace, not onely because it is a gracious word, full of comfort to the penitent, contrite, and borken heart, but because it is the Instrument or meanes whereby God conveies his grace to the faithfull hearer. Hence Saint Peter exhorteth: 1. Pet. 2 2. As new borne babes desire the sincere milke of the word that ye may grow thereby: and Saint Iames having said that God of his owne will begat us by the word of truth, inferrs presently, therefore let every man bee swift to heare: Ia. 1.9. And [Page 16] Saint Paul by that question of his. How shall they beleeve unlesse they heare? Ro. 10.14. Doth manifestly approve the word as the Instrument of faith. And therefore in his Epistle to the Galatians, Gal. 3.2. he calls the ministry of the word, the hearing of faith, saying: received ye the Spirit by the worke of the Law, or by the hearing of faith? 1 Let us then acknowledge Gods Order for salvation, and that the 2 Church is tyed to the direction of the word: let us magnifie Gods Ordinance; 3 and not basely esteeme [Page 17] an Instrument so powerfull and divine. Next let us not dreame 4 of any other Course from God for our Conversion. Lastly let us know that the Spirit of God in that 5 ministration, truely, effectually, infallibly, moveth the minds of men, and enclineth them to faith and good workes, whilst the word is heard of them, read, and thought upon: So that God is never wanting to blesse this his order of ministring the word, and our labour in hearing never lost, so that we take [Page 18] heed how we heare, and neglect not so great salvation. For as in receiving the holy Sacrament of our Lords body and bloud, if wee doe not set a barre against the grace of that by a purpose to continue in sin, we doe infallibly partake of the spirituall food to eternall life: So in the hearing of the word we have assured certainety to receive the gift of faith, unlesse by our idle and wanton neglect, it falls out that the Pearle is cast before swine. Mat. 7.6.
2. The manner of the Direction.
HAving heard of the Power, now consider the manner of Nathaniels direction, wherein wee may observe these three things.
- 1 The Charity of Nathaniels guide.
- 2 The Prudēcy of Nathaniels guide.
- 3 The Fidelity of Nathaniels guide.
His Charity appeares in desiring speedily to [Page 20] impart unto others of that good, which hee himselfe had received: Philip was no sooner cal'd himselfe, but hee cal'd Nathaniel: no sooner had hee experience of the heavenly and incorruptible treasure, and tasted how gracious the Lord was, but he endeavoured to communicate the same to Nathaniel thas hee also might rejoyce in God his Saviour. And it is observable how Cheerefully, Philip proceeds in this businesse: as a man surpriz'd with Ioy, ravisht with [Page 21] Contentment, in the voyce of exultation, his heart as it were leaping for joy at his new-found treasure, breaks forth into these words: Iohn 1.45. We have found him of whom Moses spake and the Prophets, Iesus the son of Ioseph of Nazareth. It is a specious mark of Gods children to be cheerfull in speaking good of the name of Christ, and Carefull to acquaint others with that happy good which themselves have found. And like as the leprous men having eate and drunke and enrich't themselves, 2. Kin. 7.9. [Page 22] when they considered the multitude of the City of Samaria ready to dye for hunger, they having enough, were touched in their hearts, and said one to another: Wee doe not well: this day is a day of good tidings, and we hold our peace: So the Messengers of God, and every true Convert having bread enough in their fathers house, considering the multitude of sinfull Prodigals ready to perish in their sinnes everlastingly, know they should not doe well, having the good [Page 23] tidings of salvation, to hold their peace. Yea, as the Apostle said we cannot but speake the things which wee have heard and seene: Act. 4.20. 2. Cor. 5.14. for the love of Christ saith Saint Paul constrains us.
2 Secondly observe Philips prudency and Wisedome how hee supprest the carnall Curiosity of Nathaniel, which indeed commonly is an impediment to the Simplicity of Faith and Devotion, which the godly have in Christ Iesus. Philip having told him him of Iesus the sonne of Ioseph of [Page 24] Nazareth, he with a curious exception at the meanesse of the place said: Can any good thing come from Nazareth? But Philip wisely represt that Curiosity, saying: Veni & vide, Come and see. As if he should have said, sit not still Nathaniel under thy Figtree, pleasing thy selfe with thy curious fancies, offended with the basenesse of Nazareth, but Come and see, that by experience thou maiest speake, and not by prejudice: There is no better way to suppresse [Page 25] curious reason, and the pride of wit, and the contemptible conceit which many have of the meanenesse, and homelinesse of Gods ministers, those earthen vessels, which conveyes to us the spirituall and heavenly treasure, than to take Philips counsel, come and see! Though many times under thy figge-tree, in the middest of thy pleasures, thou sitt'st and mak'st but a jest of Nazareth, yet if thou did'st come and see, thou might'st see and bee saved with Nathaneel, if thou [Page 26] com'st without fraud of partiality, and respect of persons, more desiring the goodnesse of the treasure, than respecting the meannesse of the Vessel: for as Saint Austin saith well, Quid prodest clavis aurea, si non aperiat quod volumus &c. What profits a key of gold if it cannot open that which we desire? and what hurts a key of wood if it make way for us to the treasure? What profits the Holinesse of Ierusalem, the height of Capernaum, the greatnesse of Niniveh, with a fearfull dissolution, downfall, [Page 27] destruction? or what hurts little Bethlem, despised Nazareth, simple Galilee, with the consolation of Israel, the light of the Nations, the Saviour of the world? O that wee were wise! soone would we content our selves with Nazareth, if there wee finde Christ. If Philip leade us to the treasure, what can we more desire? What though he cānot satisfie Nathaneel in every objection and curious question: yet he can bring him to Christ, the way, the Truth, and the Life, [Page 28] and that sufficeth. But the Apostle hath foretold us of the wantonnesse of these times, which are too much stained with Nathaneels curious exception. Can any good thing come from Nazareth? Now all Truth with many must come from Rome, where indeed there is scarce roome for any Truth. But the grace of Christ is tied neither to place nor person. Ioh. 3.8. The Spirit bloweth where it listeth: and the sound thereof may bee heard (if our crying sinnes hinder not) [Page 29] as well in England as in Rome. Nothing more common with these admirers of place and Succession than this. Can any good thing come from the North? from Geneva? from Basil? Truly, Iam. 1.17. every good and perfect gift comes from above, from the Father of lights, and lighteth upon all the Churches of God: and that Starre which directs us to Christ, may appeare as well in the North as in the West. According to such curious Exception, there bee many saith Saint Paul, which will not [Page 30] suffer wholesome doctrine, but like Athenians cry out of Paul, Acts 17.18. what will this Babler say? and having their eares itching, after their owne lusts, get unto themselves an heape of teachers. 2 Tim. 4.3. Philip cannot content them, although hee can lead them to Christ. Gregory Nazianzen in his Oration against the Eunomians, saith that there are certaine which not only have itching eares, as Saint Paul foretold, given to Novelty and Curiosity, but also itching Tongues, pratling against [Page 31] the Prelacy, against those which are in Authority: and itching Hands not contented with their owne portions, but fingring the Lords part: and I may adde itching feet also, which are not shod with the preparation of the Gospell of Peace, for then wee should have lesse Schisme, lesse affectation of Singularity, lesse stragling from their own Pastor to strangers: such sheepe over-runne with itch from eare to foot, had need bee drest with the salt of Gods word, for feare of Infection: [Page 32] They may easily, be discerned by the great and small spotts of separation, singularity, vanity, which they have got by the cunning of some Shepheards, that laid party-coloured rods in the trough where the Sheep, hot with zeale came to drinke, who likes rather of the spotted and change able hew of division, than of the plaine and single colour of uniformity.
Thirdly, observe the fidelity, the faithfull care of Nathanaels guide: who to incourage him in this businesse, and to hasten [Page 33] the worke of his Conversion, doth not leave him to himselfe, but as a faithfull guide in his owne person conducts Nathaneel, saying, Come and see, not goe and see. Cicero saith of Caesar, that he was wont never to say to his souldiers ite illuc, sed venite huc, not, Goe thither, but Come hither! being himselfe a patterne unto them of labour, patience, and courage. It ought to be thus with all the messengers of God, and guides of the people, that they may say with Saint Paul, Bee [Page 34] followers of mee, 1 Cor. 11.1. even as I am of Christ Iesus, and encourage their people with Abimelech, Iudg. 9.48. Iudg. 9.48. Hoc vos facite quod me vidistis facere: Doe this which you have seene mee doe. It is but an idle and retchlesse Conduct, that sitting still himselfe, cryes out to others, Goe and see. Behold then in Philip a guide indeed without guile.
Caring for Nathanael not by constraint, but willingly, not for filthy lucre, 1 Pet. 5.2. but of a ready mind: not as Nathanaels Lord, but as his Leader, his Ensample, [Page 35] his Patterne. Many shew the good things of God to the people, but yet like Moses on the top of Pisgah that beholds the good lād a far off: Deut. 34.1. Many learnedly set forth the blessings of God in Christ, and the paths that lead thereunto, but sitting themselves under the fig-tree of deceiveable pleasure, leave the people to goe and see Christ, if they will, but goe with them they will not. But as Philip told Nathanael of Christ in plaine words, so he came with him to [Page 36] Christ in personall incouragement. These messengers ought to take heed most carefully, least that of the Prophet Esay be verified of them, Esay 59.5. Esau 59.5. They hatch the egges of the Cockatrice, and weave the webb of the Spider. The egge dangerous, the webb vaine, the Cockatrice and the Spider loathsome and vile: The Cockatrice egge, damnable heresie, to be avoyded as the poyson of the Soule: The dusty Web, Humane conceit, to bee swept out of the pulpit as more fine than [Page 37] firme, deceitfull stuffe, like unto the wind which fills, but feeds not the body: which, though it may catch flyes, the curious and the vaine, yet it will never save soules; and the Cockatrice and the Spider, the loathsome conversation of uncleane men, whose example of life is offensive in the Church of God, as a most infectious thing. How much harm, both in weakening the power of the word, and in confirming the corruptions of the World, the Ministers conforming and [Page 38] fashioning themselves to the ryot, excesse, sensuality of these times, have done; the wicked see and deride, the godly see and lament. If thou want'st faith, love, and a good life in the weighty calling of the ministry, though thou hast an Angels tongue, yet thou art but as harsh-sounding brasse, a brazen-fac'd Hypocrite, and few good men will desire thee: thou art but a tinckling Cymball, and too many will play upon thee. To a wanton young man that was disputing of [Page 39] temperance and sobriety, one said well, Who can endure thee building like Crassus, supping like Lucullus, and yet speaking like Cato. But as Nazianzen said of Basil, sit tonitrum oratio tua, fulgur vita, so let thy speech be thunder, but thy life lightning: many thunder but they lighten not: the one may rouze the drowsie sinner, terrifie the secure wanton: the other comfort the faithfull hearers who are glad of such a light, amongst them, guide and direct the weaker [Page 40] minds who need such an helpe, who looke for such a patterne. If then Nathanael goe and see Christ by thy ministry as Zacheus got upon the Sycamore tree to see Iesus; the one shall bee received, the other left, Zacheus honoured the tree cursed; then let Philip alwayes say, Come and see, that going together to Christ, there may bee honour to Philip, comfort to Nathanael.
2. Nathanaels comming to Christ, in these words, Iesus saw Nathanael comming.
In Nathaneel his comming to Christ foure things may bee observed.
- 1. His Consent hee coms without resistāce.
- 2. His Speede hee coms without delay.
- 3. His Truth hee coms without fraud.
- 4. His Success hee coms without losse.
1. His Consent.
NAthaneel having a call from God, a direction by Philip, doth not resist either by excuse or frowardnesse, but freely, willingly, resolutely, yeelds himselfe [Page 42] to forsake his fig-tree, & his prejudiciall conceit, and addresseth himselfe to goe to the Lord. True it is, that the Mediatour had never seene Nathanael comming unto him as a true Israelite, if the Father had not drawne him by secret and effectuall perswasion: yet if Nathanael had wantonly and wilfully resisted the holy Ghost, and Philips direction, hee had not beene drawne. Let us then endeavour in the receiving of the Grace of God to consent to the heavenly motion, and not [Page 43] to be stiffe-necked, as St. Paul speaks, to be hardened in our hearts through the deceitfulnesse of sinne: or as Saint Stephen saith of the Iewes, Heb. 3.13. to resist the holy Ghost: Acts 7.51. For in our conversion, in our comming unto Christ, these three are cōnexed, namely the prevention of Gods grace mooving and stirring us: the direction of the Gospel in which the Holy Ghost effectually worketh, and the consent of the will which striving against diffidence and sinne, endeavours to yeeld unto the [Page 44] counsell of Gods Word, & motion of the Spirit. If we should dreame as the Manichees and the Anabaptists of the power of the holy Ghost, carrying us unresistably without any action of ours, without endeavour and labour in the exercise of Prayer and hearing the Word, the ministry of the Gospel should be needlesse, and there could be no conflict in the mind, no thirsting, no contending to lay hold on God. Hence St. Basil saith wel, [...], onely resist not being [Page 45] called, consent being moved, endeavour being counselled, desire being stirred, and the Lord that sees thee strugling, draws neere, helps thy infirmity, and gives the Victory of thy conversion: to this purpose speaks Saint Chrysostome, [...], whom the Lord draws he draws consenting: that is not giving himselfe to idlenesse and neglect of endeavour: but having the voice of the Gospel, and the inward moving of the Spirit, labours against the savour [Page 46] of the flesh to delight in God.
So yee see a Cōnexion of these three, prevention of Grace, direction of the Word, and consent of the Will in the worke of our conversion: according to that of St. Iohn Revel. 22.17. The Spirit and the Bride saith come, and let him that heareth say also come, and let him that is a thirst come, and whosoever will, let him take of the water of life freely. Nothing excepts thee from the spirituall fountaine but thy will. Not God; for the Spirit saith [Page 47] come! Not the Church; for the Bride saith come! Not any convert; for he that heareth saith also come! Not necessity; for hee that is a thirst may come: Not want of merits! for it may be taken freely: Only want of will may hinder, because it is taken by desire and will. As then in the Old Law there was the Holocaust or whole burnt-offering of which all was given to God, nothing reserved either for priest or people: and the offering for sinne, of which part was given to God, [Page 48] and part reserved for the Priest, but none for the people: and the peace offering of which God had his part, the Priest his part, and the people their part: So in the Gospell we finde a threefold worke: The worke of Redemption, the worke of Ministration, and the worke of Conversion. In the worke of Redemption all is given to the Mediatour, to the bloud of Christ as the onely price of our redemption, nothing to the Priest or people: In the worke of Ministration part is given [Page 49] to God, part to the Priest, but nothing to the people: the consecration and sanctification of the worke unto God, the execution to the Priest: But in the worke of conversion part is given to God, preventing by grace and effectuall perswasion: part to the Priest, directing by counsell, by instruction: and part to the people consenting by will. For if the will of man were utterly idle in our conversion, in vaine should the Apostle say, Wee beseech you that yee receive not [Page 50] the grace of God in vaine, 2 Cor. 6.1.
2. His Speede.
YE have heard Nathanaels consent: now observe the hast and speed which hee makes to have experience of the Lord: Hee is called, and he comes at the first call, hee observes the time of his visitation without delay. He is now called; if hee [Page 51] dally out so gracious occasion, hee knowes not whether he shall be cal'd againe or no. For as Gregory the great well noteth, Qui promisit poenitenti veniam, non promisit peccanti crastinum: though God hath promised pardon to him that repents, yet he hath not assured the sinner one day to live. His speed confounds our sloath, he comes at the first. O that wee would come to Christ at many, at any call! In worldly matters wee can say, delay breeds danger, and opportunity [Page 52] is precious according to that of the heathen [...], Hesiod. opportunity is the best thing: If wee were truely wise, wee would have a care, not to drive away the acceptable time of our salvation, but as the Apostle counsells, to redeeme the time, because the dayes are evill: and to thinke that if delay be dangerous in the baser, it is madnesse to use it in the best things: The Lord Iesus beholding Ierusalem, foreseeing her desolation, lamenting her misery, declares the [Page 53] cause of it in this speech, Because thou knew'st not the time of thy visitation. Luke 19. So the Holy Ghost ascribes the captivity of the Israelites to their neglect and contempt of the Lords call. 2 Chr. 36.15, 16. The Lord God of their Fathers sent his messengers unto them, rising early and sending, for he had a compassion on his people, and on his habitation: But they abused his Prophets, and made a mocke of his messengers, till the wrath of the Lord was against them, and that there was no remedie. The wasting of Israel by [Page 54] the Egyptians is also assign'd to the abusing of Gods grace offered. Ier. 2.17. Hast not thou procured this unto thy selfe (saith the Prophet) because thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God, when hee led thee by the way? marke how the Lord aggravates their sinne, by reproving their ingratitude, namely in that they then forsooke the Lord even when he was their guide and leader. O how fearefull is that commination of Saint Paul! Heb. 6.7. The land which drinkes in the raine that falls oft upon it, and [Page 55] brings forth hearbs meete for him by whom it is dressed, receiveth blessing from God, but if it bring forth bryars and thornes, it is reprobate, neere unto cursing, whose end is to be burned. That we are a land which have often received the spirituall raine of Gods Word, cannot be denyed: whether wee have brought forth fruits meete for him by whom we are dressed, our lives may testifie: sure I am, that whosoever being dressed by the ministry of Gods word, doth bring forth still bryars and [Page 56] thornes, injurious and noysome workes, is certainly neere unto cursing, and his end to bee burned. The same raine hath divers effects according to the variety of the subjected matter: The clay is pierced and softned, and made fruitfull: the sand is pierced, but not softned, and remaineth barren: the stone is neither pierced, nor softned, nor yeelds any hope of encrease. What mould our hearts are made of our workes demonstrate. There is but a little veine of the good [Page 57] earth the fruitfull clay: Ceremonious religion, lip-labour, show of godlinesse without the Truth, showes too much of the sandy barrennesse: but sacrilegious prophanenes, obdurate rebellion, ungratefull contempt of Gods grace in these times argues that stony ground, where the heavenly raine runnes off, as fast as it falls on. How neere we are unto cursing for turning the grace of our God into wantonnesse, many will not see being blinded with their lusts. An unwise man saith David [Page 58] doth not understand this, Psal. 92.6. and a foole doth not regard it: the godly wise prevent the curse, but as the heathen man said wel [...] Hesiod. the foole will not perceive till he smart for it.
3. His Truth, or Sincerity.
YE have seene the Hast; observe the Heart of Nathanael, hee comes (even in the judgment of Christ himselfe that discernes all commers) [Page 59] as a true Israelite, seriously, without fraud: having an earnest desire to see the Glory of Israel. He hungers and thirsts after righteousnesse, and it is the very joy of his heart to heare of his Saviour. Such is the truth and sincerity of all Gods people, who come into the presence of God, in the hearing of his word, and prayer, as men that feele their extreame need of Gods blessing, of the grace of Christ, and so affected with God and his goodnesse in Christ, that each one of them [Page 60] in his heart, saith with the Prophet David, Whom have I in heaven but thee, and who is it in earth that I desire in cōparison of thee! Thou O God, art the thing that I long for. There be too many farre from this serious and sincere comming unto Christ. Many come unto Christ with prejudicious conceit, stiffely holding their fore-conceav'd opinions against the Truth, resolved to maintaine them against all the Counsell of God. Some againe with a desire of novelty, like unto [Page 61] the Athenians, that gave themselves to nothing but to heare or tell some newes, Act. 17 who seeke not the word of God as a power to save their soules, for that is rejected as old stuffe; but some new straine of wit, some curious conceit to tickle the eare. Let but some Eutrapelye, some fine-turn'd phrase, or acute tricke of wit drop from the Preacher, and these take them up as the Manna from Heaven, with admiration and great contentment. O the wanton childishnesse of our times! As if [Page 62] such chaffe, such frothe, such smoake, could feed the soule. Such vainely conceited commers had rather have a shell, a shale to play withall, than the meate, the kernell to give strength unto the Heart. Some againe come with a mind to calumniate, to contradict, to carpe at the word, like the froward Iewes, Acts 13. Many with a politique and proud mind, who are so ravisht with the admiration of their owne wisedome, and carnall reason, that they loath the [Page 63] homelinesse and plainenesse of the Gospell, and despise the Counsell of God against themselves, as did the Pharisees, Luk. 7. If thy heart be stuft with such fraud, no mervaile if thou com'st often to no purpose: no mervaile if the wisedome of God enter not, and thou find no blessing.
So necessary is the disposition of truth and sincerity, in every one that comes to God, that he ought to examine his soule, and call his heart to account in every action of religion how it [Page 64] stands affected in uprightnesse of intention to that businesse, for it is fearefull to dally with God, and foolish to trifle in the matter of our salvation, and dangerous to thrust in with a false heart.
4. His successe.
BVt as wee have observ'd how Nathanaels heart was disposed with truth in his comming: so let us consider [Page 65] of the happy successe of his labour. As he comes without fraud, so hee comes not without fruit, he comes not in vaine to Christ, it is no lost labour, such heart, such hope: It is impossible that a true-hearted cōming, should goe without a blessing: First, now having seene and had experience of that, to which Philip invited him, he hath forgot his curious objection, and breaks forth into an earnest, free, and honourable confession of faith, saying, Master, thou art [Page 66] that Son of God, thou art that King of Israel. O strange! whence Nathanael made a question if any good could come, thence hath he found a good so infinite as is confessed to be his Master, his King, his God. A wonderful change, from the doubt of any good, to the confession of the Son of God! Thus oftentimes our mindes being obscured, whence wee looke for most, wee finde the smallest good, & whence wee thinke least, comes the greatest benefit. Though Naaman the 2. Kin. 5.12. [Page 67] Syrian brag'd of his Abanah and Pharpar rivers of Damascus, yet he found that good in little Iordan which hee could not have in all the rivers of the world: Againe, see how Nathanaels comming and seeing hath got a victory over his curiosity and vaine exception at Nazareth; Experience hath wrought that in him, of which Philips tongue was not able to informe him. Philip taught him well, directed him wisely, but the Honour of the victory is reserv'd for Philips [Page 68] Master. It is the part of a good teacher, saith one, docere, delectare, flectere: to teach, to delight, to perswade: vpon which words saith Saint Austin, docere necessitatis est, delectare Iucunditatis, flectere victoriae: to teach is the worke of necessity, to delight, a matter of comfort, but to bend, move, and perswade the minde, is the Honour of Victory. Such a power Nathanael found in the words of Christ, that hee might truly say, Never spake any man like this man: for by his speech Nathanael [Page 69] got, not onely knowledge and contentment, but also victory: so that he might say of himself, as the Romane Commander sometime wrote unto the Senate, veni, vidi, vici, I came, and saw, and overcame. O that the fruit and profit of our comming might be such; that in the power of the Word of God, we may so overcome the lusts of the flesh, so breake asunder the snares of the Divell, and with full purpose of heart cleave unto the Lord, that wee may also truly say, Wee came, and [Page 70] saw, and overcame!
Secondly, Nathanael got more by comming and seeing, than his guide did or could then shew him: So that as the Queene of Saba said of Solomon and his royalty, that the one halfe was not told her, which yet she comming and seeing did finde: So the better halfe was not told by Philip, which yet Nathanael found by comming and seeing. Philip told him indeed, Wee have found Iesus the sonne of Ioseph, of Nazareth: but Nathanael more divinely, Thou art that [Page 71] Sonne of God, thou art that King of Israel. Philip preach't him the sonne of Ioseph: Nathanael found him the Sonne of God: Philip told him of a Citizen of Nazareth, Nathanael found him the King of Israel. Philip spake of the forme of a servant, Nathanael found the better halfe the majesty of a Lord. Such benefit have all they which come without fraud, and finde by experience the Grace of Christ. For in the feeling of the comforts of God, we find much more than can be [Page 72] told us or expressed by us. Iob 42. I have heard of thee, 5 saith Iob, by the hearing of the eare, but now that mine 6 eyes sees thee, I abhorre my selfe in dust and ashes: So the children of God may truly say, We have heard of the Lord Iesus Christ, by the hearing of the eare, but now that hee dwells in our hearts by faith, now that we see him, and know him by experience, wee abhorre the lusts of flesh and bloud, yea wee have judged all things but losse, and doe count them but dung that wee might possesse [Page 73] Christ. Hence saith Bernard, O Iesu, spes poenitentibus, quam pius es petentibus! quam bonus te quaerentibus! sed quid invenientibus? O Iesu the penitent mans Hope! how loving art thou to those that desire thee, how good to those that seeke thee, but what to those that find thee? what but that which Nathanael found him, the Sonne of God, the King of Israel? what but that which Thomas found him, My God and my Lord? Iohn 20.2 what but that which wee all finde him, The rest for our [Page 74] soules, Mat. 11.29. Ioh. 1.29. that Lambe of God which takes away the sinnes of the world, and that great, good, and only Shepheard of our souls, thorow whose bloud the everlasting Covenant is sealed unto us. Heb. 13.20.
Thirdly, Nathanael by his comming got a hopefull blessing, a comfortable promise, That hee should see greater things than those. So deals God with all his children, by giving them the earnest of their inheritance, hee sealeth them unto the day of their redemption, and concludes [Page 75] them under hope of future blessings, that they may bee incouraged to goe on cheerefully, and to continue faithfully in their profession: We are now the Sonnes of God, 1 Ioh. 3.5. it appeares not yet what wee shall be, saith Saint Iohn. We have now milke, we have now strong meate, but there is a Manna that is hid, reserved for us. We have now comfort in the forgivenesse of our sinnes, glory in the testimony of a good conscience, protection from the danger of our enemies, but yet the [Page 76] promise of entring into our Masters joy, addes unspeakeable contentment, and we are much mooved with this hopefull blessing; Yee shall see greater things than these. And is the experience of Christ thus full of profit and blisse? what folly and madnesse is it in men therefore to be so wedded to their Fig-tree, the deceiveable lusts of sin, that when they have runne, and seene, and tri'd all the courses of the world, yet they must say with that heathen man, Omnia fui, sed nihil prodest, [Page 77] I have beene of all ranks, but I am nere the better? What shame is it, that our negligence of divine things, our wilfulnesse should bee such, that the Lord complaines saying: and yet ye will not come unto me, that ye might have life. Ioh. 5.40. O whither doe yee wander yee sinfull sonnes of men? ye have no whither to goe but to Christ, no way but by Christ, if ye will find rest for your soules.
2. Commendation.
Nathanaels praise and commendation come now to be observed, contained in these words,
Concerning which, three things may bee considered:
- [Page 79]1. The Author of this praise.
- 2. The Manner of this praise.
- 3. The Matter of this praise.
The Author: Iesus said of him: he said it of him, that knew what was in him: and none could say that of him but hee that searcheth the heart. It is peculiar and proper to the Lord so to praise. The conscience of man is Gods secret Arke, into which to assay to prie is audacious presumption, which to touch with humane censure is impious arrogancy. Therefore the [Page 80] Apostle speaking of the inward Iew, Rom. 2.29. of the Circumcision of the heart, in the Spirit, not in the letter saith that the praise therof is not of men, but of God. Hence observ the variety of the Lords speech concerning his people, For first he speakes to us: according to that in Saint Matthew, Math. 11. 28. Come unto mee all yee that bee weary and heavy laden, and I will ease you: and in the Gospel of Saint Iohn 7.37. If any man thirst, let him come unto mee and drinke. O mercifull and liberall speech! Next he speakes [Page 81] in us: according to that of Saint Paul, 2. Cor. 13.3. Doe you seeke experience of Christ that speaks in me? For which voice David prayeth thus; Psal. 35 3. Say thus unto my soule, I am thy salvation. O familiar and comfortable speech! Thirdly, he speakes for us: according to that in Saint Iohn 17.24. Father, I will that those which thou hast given mee, bee there even where I am: and in his first Epistle 2. cap. 1. If any man sinne, wee have an Advocate with the Father Iesus Christ the righteous. Lastly, he speakes [Page 82] of us: according to that in the Revelation. cap. 3.5. I will confesse his name before my Father and the Angells. So then hee speakes to us, by way of Invitation; in us, by way of Inspiration: for us, by way of Intercession: of us, by way of Commendation: he speaks to us, by his word: in us, by his Spirit: for us, by his bloud: of us, by his Iudgement. But observe the Lords Order: first to us, next in us, then for us, lastly he speakes of us.
If thou wilt not heare the Lord speaking to [Page 83] thee in his Word; if thou do'st not finde the Lord speaking in thee by his Spirit: if thou dost not rest upon the Lord speaking for thee by his bloud; thou shalt never heare him speaking of thee by commendable testimony. That the Lord speakes for us is good and gracious, but that he speakes of us, as in the Gospell, Mat. 25. Euge serve bone, &c. Well done good servant and faithfull: is an absolute happy and honorable speech. Blessed is that man may heare the Lord Iesus say [Page 84] of him, Behold a true Christian.
2. The Manner.
IN the manner of Nathaneels commendation eight things may be observed.
First, the Order of Christ in praising. The Lord knew Nathaneel before, but yet he never said any thing of him by commendation, untill he saw him comming unto him: whence we may collect that then a mans [Page 85] actions are laudable in Gods judgement, and his life honourable, when Christ is made the end and scope thereof. It cannot be but that the Lord sees thee comming: hee sees thee going, hee sees thee hearing, praying, working, trading, he is about thy bed, and about thy paths, and spies out all thy wayes: then thy heart hath comfort, thine action honour, when the Lord may say that hee sees thee comming to him. Men talke of faire and goodly sights! but how happy for us, and [Page 86] how comely a sight were it, if the Lord might see us all this day comming unto him! But we may now justly complaine with Bernard, Vix quaeritur Iesus propter Iesum: scarcely is Iesus sought for Iesus sake: the falsehood of intention, not ayming at Gods glory, not respecting the Lords eye which beholds the truth of the inward parts, make, that though by customary, and ceremonious professiō, the Lord may say that he sees many comming, yet indeed few comming unto him.
2 Secondly, this praise is given [...], in presence, Iesus said of him, and that before him: he prayseth Nathanael to his face: which showes that if praise bee free from flattery used with moderation, intending the encouragement of vertue, and approbation of the good, it is no fault to commend in presence: though it is the part of a wise man to use it sparingly, and of a good man not greedily to heare his owne praise.
3 Thirdly, this praise is given [...] openly [Page 88] and in publike in the audience of many. The Lord is not asham'd to take notice of his poorest servant: openly to acknowledge and honour his meanest professor. Here have we specimenfuturae retributionis, the very Image and token of our future recompence, according to that of Christ, Mat. 6.4. Thy Father that seeth in secret, he will reward thee openly. Let us endeavour to abound in good things, and to lay up good works as treasures, and let us leave it to the Lord to [Page 89] lay them open, to shew them forth, who hath all things noted in his booke.
4 Fourthly, this praise is given by certainety of demonstration, Behold a true Israelite, saith Christ, hee is pointed forth by him that is onely able to discerne betweene the Sheepe and the Goats: we praise by the censure of charity, Christ, by the certainty of knowledge: we hope well of many, wee can point out none. We leave them to be discerned and pointed forth by that finger that [Page 90] made them.
5 Fifthly, this praise is according to the truth of the thing in him: for Iesus would never have said this of him, if hee had not found it in him. It is impossible that the eyes of the Lord which behold the things which are just, should be obscured with Error, Vanity, or Partiality. For as Saint Iohn saith, 1 Ioh. 3.7. He that doth righteousnesse, is righteous, so the man which is righteous indeed is so accounted before God, and no other. Think'st thou that the Lord will account [Page 91] the hypocrite, the wanton, the unjust person, a true Israelite? the praise that comes of God is not deceitfull or vaine: Hee neither condemnes the righteous, nor justifies the wicked. And that praise which the scripture gives unto the servants of God is according to the truth of the thing in them, not according to imputation.
Sixthly, this praise is according to the favour of the Gospell, and the measure of sincerity: not according to the rigour of the Law, and the [Page 92] fulnesse of perfection. Though Christ saith of Nathanael, Behold a true Israelite in whom is no guile, yet he saith not, in whom is no sinne. Saint Iohn saith, 1 Iohn 1.8. whosoever affirmeth that hee hath no sinne, deceiveth himselfe, and there is no Truth in him: and if Nathanael should have thought that hee had no sinne in him, he should have had no truth in him. By the grace of Imputation we have no guilt, no sinne: but by the grace of Sanctification we have no guile, no fraud. That is, [Page 93] in very deed we confesse that in many things we offend all, and sincerely and from our hearts indeavour no longer to serve sinne, but to please God in all things: Before the preventing grace of GOD comes, which makes us to walke commendably before God, we are all lame from our mothers wombe like the Creeple at Lystra, not able to stirre in the waies of GOD, having receiv'd grace, yet we are many times lame like Mephibosheth, 2 Sam. 4.4. by some grievous fall: and having present [Page 94] grace, he that stands surest may cry with David, my foot had well-nigh slipt: and the truest Israelite, that striveth to walke with God in uprightnes, Gen. 32.31. is lame, like Iacob that halts on his thigh, though not in his heart, and though his spirit be willing, yet his flesh is weake. Though the true Israelite doth not appeare before the Lord empty, yet he hath but a Mite in his hand: and he that sees clearest by the annoynting of the eye-salve, hath yet a mote in his eye: and he that is [Page 95] covered with the white rayment that his filthy nakednes appeare not, hath yet a moath in his garment. He that turnes his back to the Sunne hath his shadow before him: and he that lookes upon the Sunne, though his Shadow be not before him, yet he hath a shadow. He that looks not upon Christ hath no cō fort, his sinne being ever before him to torment him: and he that lookes upon the Mediatour, though his sinne be not before him by way of horrour; because there is no [Page 96] condemnation to those that are in Christ Iesus, yet he is not without sinne dwelling in him, though not raigning over him. So farre is Nathanael from the praise of perfection, that as Origen saith, the just man lives rather in the shadow of vertue than in vertue it selfe. There is an insufficiency in the best men. Hee that is soundest is not without concupiscence, which is as it were naevus in cute, a spot in the skinne, which though it endangers not our health, yet it takes away our beauty: so [Page 97] that of no man living can that be verified spoken in the Canticles. Thou art all faire, Can. 4.7. O my love, and there is no spot in thee, unlesse it be meant of the spots of worldly corruption, injustice, intemperance, prophannesse, concerning which St. Iames saith, that pure religion causeth a man to keepe himselfe unspotted of the World: Iam. 1.27. the soundest Israelite is not without the difficulty of tentation, which is as it were morsus in calce, a nibling at the heele, a bruising, and weakning of our [Page 98] strength, so that a man cannot pull on the shooes of the preparation of the Gospell of peace without some pinching, paine, and difficulty. Nay the best man is not free from infirmity, ignorance, negligence, passion, which is as it were morbus in corpore, a hidden disease, a sudden fit of distemperature, which though it doth not make it deadly sicke because our heart consents not to the evill, yet it makes us farre from the perfect soundnes which needs not the Physitian.
Seventhly, this phrase is spirituall, not according to the savour of carnall vanity. Christ doth not say of him, Behold a man skilfull and learned in the Lawes, and yet St. Austin calls him eruditum ac peritum legis a learned man. But behold a true Israelite in whom is no guile: Here is no mention made of Nathanaels learning, or of any outward parts, but that which Christ commends in him is the sincerity of his heart, the truth of his religion, and his upright intention in comming [Page 100] to him. Prov. 23.26. Therefore God speakes by Solomon saying: My sonne give mee thy heart! the Lord cares not for thy head be it never so witty: nor for thy face be it never so beautifull, nor for thy tongue bee it never so eloquent, that which God loves and commends in a man is the truth of profession, according to that of David, Psal. 51. Thou requirest truth in the inward parts: and againe, The Lord taketh no pleasure in any mans legge, Ps. 147 10.11. but his delight is in them that feare him, and put their trust in [Page 101] his mercy. So Solomon speaking of the woman saith, Favour is deceitfull, Prov. 31.30. beauty is vaine, the woman that feareth the Lord, shee shall be praised.
Eighthly, this praise is by way of admiration: Ecce! behold, shewing that a true Israelite is the wonder of the world, a rare and excellent person. So speakes the Prophet Esay 8.18. Behold I, and the children which the Lord hath given mee as signes and wonders in Israel. And yet this praise is common to all the Israel of God: for though [Page 102] in respect of the measure of Gods grace there bee extraordinary gifts, and one Israelite excells another, and though in respect of the world, this froward nation, the true Israelite shines as a light rare and supernaturall, yet to be a true Israelite, without the guile of a false heart in the profession of religion is so common, that all the people of God, every man that is saved is adorn'd with that praise: T'is no prerogative in Nathanael, but the generall praise of all Christians indeed, [Page 103] to bee true Israelites.
Hence obserue two things,
- 1. The Honour of praise
- 2. The Rule of praise
The Honour of praise is,
- 1. To be commended of God.
- 2. To be cōmended for Truth.
1. Of God.
FOr whatsoever applause the wicked have amongst fooles and flatterers, yet they shall never have the Honour [Page 104] of the sonnes of God: their names shall wee, Prov. 10.7. the Lord will not make mention of them within his lippes. Onely the true Israelite shall have his name confest before the Father and his Angels. No contumely, no reproch in this world can discourage the minde of him that hath the honour of this testimony. Let the Iewes thinke and speake of Christ what they will, that voice from heaven sufficiently honours him, This is my beloved sonne in whom I am well pleased. Matth. 3.17. What though vile [Page 105] wantons make a jest of the servants of God, and disgrace them with names of scorne, yet the holy Ghost hath graced them with sufficient Honour, whilst hee makes their hearts his temple, sealing them to salvation, whilst hee speakes in them comfortably, and Christ of them honourably.
2. For Truth.
FOr what wouldst not thou have true? thou desirest a true wife, a true friend, a true servant. Dost thou affect that in another which thou regard'st not in thy selfe? know that thy profession makes thy soule the Lords Spouse his servant, his friend: for every soule is either Gods wife or the devills Concubine. [Page 107] Now what more precious than Truth in the Spouse of Christ? what more necessary in the Lords servant? what more honourable in the friend of God.
2. The Rule of praise.
1 VVHich is first: Not to praise our selves: for as St. Paul saith, hee which praiseth himselfe is not allowed, but whom the Lord praiseth. If the Lord say unto my [Page 108] soule, I am thy salvation, I am glad to heare it: If it please the Lord to say of me, Behold a true Israelite, his testimony carries honour and comfort. But of my selfe let mee say with the Publican, Luke 18.13. O Lord be mercifull to me a sinner, Rom. 7.14. 1 Tim. 1.15. and with the Apostle Paul [...], O wretched man that I am! what lost the Apostle Paul by saying of himselfe, Christ came into the world to save sinners, of which I am the chiefe? what lost Saint Iohn the Baptist by counting himselfe unworthy [Page 109] of the meanest office about Christ, Matth. 3.11. even to unloose the latchet of his shoe? In the judgement of Christ the one was nere the lesse a chossen vessell, Acts 9.15. the other the greatest man that ever was borne of a woman. Matth. 11.11. What can I loose by taking the lowest roome, if the Lord say Amice ascende superius, Luke 14.10. friend sit up higher? Yea let mee have part in Christ Iesus though it be but at the hemme of his garment and I shall bee safe. A foolish kinde of men there be, who cannot stay the Lords leasure, [Page 110] but in the height of Pharisaicall pride fall to valuing, to praising of themselues and despising others, forgetting the hand-writing against Baltazer, Dan. 5.27. Thou art weighed in the ballance and found to light; pondus meum amor meus non lingua, saith Saint Austin, tis the truth of my heart, not the vehemence of the tongue that is of moment and weight in Gods tryall. Selfe-praise is the fruit of Folly, Security, Pride, Vnthankefulnesse, Selfe-love: for he that praiseth himselfe, [Page 111] either considers not the glory of perfect vertue, 1 Esay 64.6. in comparison of which all our righteousnesse is as a stained cloth, and so showes his folly and vain-glory.
Or remembers not the multitude of his secret sinnes, under burthen whereof David praies, 2 Psal. 19.12. ab occultis munda me Domine, cleanse me from my secret faults O Lord, and so showes his Security.
Or forgetteth the bond of mans duty, 3 Luke 17.10. which being performed, leaves yet the doer as an unprofitable servant, [Page 112] and so showes his Pride.
4 Or considers not the fountaine from whence every good and perfect gift commeth according to that of Saint Iohn, Iohn 3.27. No man can receive any thing except it bee given him from above, and so showes his unthankefulnesse.
5 Or lastly appeares singularly good in his owne eyes, not taking notice wherein hee is exceeded by many, and so showes his selfe-love. To avoide this, let us say of our selves as wee are taught of God, let us devise nothing. By the [Page 113] corruption of Nature let us say we are enemies: Rom. 5.10. Gal. 4.6. by the grace of Adoption, say: Wee are sonnes by neerenesse of coniunction to Christ, say: Heb. 2.12. We are brethren by familiarity of love, say: We are friends: Iohn 15.15. by tendernesse of Christ his protection over us, say: We are his spouse, Reu. 21.9. by condition and covenant of our profession, say: We are servants, and by true acknowledgement of our wants and insufficiency, say, Wee are unprofitable servants; Luke 17.10. let the Lord find that we are without fraud: let the world see [Page 114] that wee are without crime. But let not us say that we are without sin: yea let us say nothing of our selves but in the humility of mind, because the poore in Spirit are blessed, Mat. 5.
2 Secondly, the rule of praise is to speak in Truth, without flattery or partiality. It is not fit to cast the Childrens meate unto dogs: Praise is onely the encouragement of vertue. Never did Christ give this testimony of true Israelite to the hypocritical Pharisie: Iohn the Baptist did not salute them as True [Page 115] Israelites, but thus, Mat. 3.7. O generation of Vipers! It had not beene fit for Saint Paul to have graced Elymas with this testimony, when as he was full of all subtilty and mischiefe, Acts 13.10. the childe of the Devill, and enemy of all righteousnesse. As charity is not suspitious, so it is not sottish: and where apparant wickednes is, there ought not to be the dawbing of untempered flattery. Therefore it is well said by Elihu in the Booke of Job: I will not accept the persons of men, Iob 32.22. nor give titles unto men, least my maker [Page 116] take mee away suddenly. I will not reach Judas a sop, nor cut a lappet from Sauls coat; let us not speake good of the covetous whom God abhorreth, nor extenuate the commendable deeds of any by envious destraction. The sinners Oyle, though bright and sweet, yet is slippery and vayn, and becomes not any wise man, not any friend, much lesse a Priest a messenger of GOD.
Thirdly in the Rule of praise we are to observe that our praise ought to be spirituall, not according to the vanity of [Page 117] worldly prayse, which neither aymes at a spirituall end, nor discernes the spirituall thing: some praise out of lightnesse making way for lust, so wantons praise in whole volumes: some praise out of covetousnesse making way for lucre, so worldlings praise where they think to make use of a man: some out of feare making way for security, so weaklings prayse to avoyd oppression: some out of affection, making way for consort and idle fellowship, so schismaticall sectaries, so good fellowes [Page 118] praise: some in tongue and show onely, making way for friendship, so flatterers praise: some praise to be praysed againe, making way for glory, so fooles praise: some praise either the forbidden fruit, or at least the apples of Sodome, which when they are touched are but dust: the vanities and trifles of this World which when they are weighed are but Smoake, when they are embraced are but shaddowes, honour, wit, riches, beauty, proportion, noblenesse, [Page 119] strength, are the wonders of the world, but the true Israelite whom heaven honoureth, the Angells guardeth, the Glory of Christ is neglected, and passed over with no applause: and yet in truth none more noble than hee that is borne of God: none wiser than he that is wise to salvation, none richer than he that possesseth God: none more beautifull than he that is unspotted of the World, none more proportionate than hee that beares about in his body the marks of the Lord Iesus, none [Page 120] more strong than the true Israelite that prevailes with God.
4 Fourthly, in the rule of praise observe that it ought to be in the discretion of charity, more ready to incourage by praising the good, than to grieve by publishing defects: Though Nathanael had imperfections, yet the Lord would bee no divulger of them: The rule of praise requires charitable silensing of defects and weaknesses: and therefore that butchers dogge as Bonaventure calls him, that [Page 121] slanderer which hath his mouth alwayes bloudy in back-biting the godly, is to be abhorred of all good men. Those hoggs comming into the paradise of Gods Church stored with hearbs and flowers, instead of taking their sweet savour, with their foule mouths besmeares, and brands the plants, the people of God: how much the Lord hates the wickednesse of Cham, yee may know by his curse: and yet wee see nothing more common, nothing more pleasing to mans corruption for [Page 122] want of discretion and charity than to detract, to gird at others, to traduce, and to play with others infirmities, forgetting their owne.
3. The matter of the praise: a true Israelite.
THe manner of Nathanaels praise being finished, the worthithinesse of the matter, viz: a true Israelite, without fraud, calls for a diligent [Page 123] observation: what a true Israelite is, may be discerned two wayes,
- 1. By imitation of Israel.
- 2. By exemptiō from fraud.
1 For the first: Not all saith Saint Paul, Rom. 9.7, 8. are Israelites that are of Israel, but the sonnes of promise are reckoned for the seede: not all that cry Lord, Lord, are subjects indeed, but they which doe the will of God. Not carnall propagation, not externall profession, but imitation of Israel makes the true Israelite. In Israel therefore [Page 124] seven speciall things may be briefly observed for Imitation.
1 First, Israelis simplicitas, Israels plainnesse, upright simplicity, which appeares Gen. 27.12. who being advised by his Mother to prevent his brother Esau of the blessing, answered, My Father may possibly feele me, and I shall seeme to him to bee a mocker, and so bring a curse upon me and not a blessing. Art thou a true Israelite? behold, here examine thine owne soule and descry thy Heart. The true Israelite cannot endure [Page 125] to seeme a mocker, and that of his Father, of whom hee expects the blessing. O Beloved! we are all come into the presence of GOD, for a blessing of peace and love in CHRIST: what a reverend regard should we have in our hearts, that we appeare not as mockers and dissemblers before him? Gal. 6.7. remembring that saying of the Apostle, Be not deceived, GOD is not mocked. We bring a fearefull curse upon us and not a blessing, if we equivocate with the LORD in the matter of our profession. [Page 126] Let us not say perhaps our Father will feele us: it is most certaine that our thoughts, and affection, and intention is open and manifest in the sight of him with whom we have to doe, Heb 4.13. and no cunning covert can hide us from GOD. Of the true Israelites plainnesse speakes the Prophet David, Psal. 32.2. Blessed is the man in whose Spirit is found no guile: and againe, be joyfull all ye that are true of Heart: and of this the Apostle Paul, 2 Cor. 11.3. I feare least as the serpent beguiled Eve [Page 127] through his subtlety, so your minds should bee corrupt from the simplicity that is in CHRIST JESUS. But foolish wantons are not afrayd to make a lye, a mockery of their profession in the Church of God, in the presence of GOD, and his Angels. Away with such Meteors, such falling, such false planets, they are no true, but seeming stars in the heaven of the Church, No Israelits indeed, but the shadow of Israel.
2 Secondly, Israelis [...] Israels religious reverence [Page 128] in the house of GOD: which appeares Gen. 28.16. GOD having manifested himselfe unto him by a vision, Israel no sooner observed the LORDS presence, but breaks forth into a reverend admiration of the place, saying: How fearefull is this place? This is no other but the house of God, this is the gate of heaven. O see the property of a true Israelite! he hath indeed an heavenly vision, (though worldlings count it a foolish dream) in which hee seeth the spirituall ladder, the word [Page 129] of Faith, the doctrine of the Crosse, by which alone accesse is made to the presence of GOD, on top of which alone, and no where else, the LORD of mercy standeth to receive those that clime up thereby, and to give a gracious voyce to the true Israelite, as he did to Israel: Loe I am with thee, I will not leave thee nor forsake thee, which hee no sooner comfortably cō sidereth in the house of God, where this Ladder is set, this vision appeares, this voice is heard, but he acknowledging Gods [Page 130] presence, reverently useth and esteems that Place as the Gate of heaven. Away then with these wantons, these slow-bellyes, that make the Gate of heaven a sleeping roome, a place of outward gazing, no inward vision, these are no Israelites indeed, they are Idolls in the Church, they have eyes and see not.
3 Thirdly, Israelis votum, Israels vow is to bee observed, Gen. 28.20. If God (saith he) will be with me, and keepe mee in this journey, and will give me bread to eate, and cloaths [Page 131] to put on, so that I come againe to my Fathers house in safety, then shall the Lord be my God, this stone shall be Gods house, and of all that thou shalt give me, will I give the tenth unto thee. Loe, by the way first; how Israel dedicates his tenth unto God in the Law of Nature, before Moses Law, that the true Israelite might know wherein commendably to imitate that necessary devotion: next see how hee cares that God may be with him, how hee rests upon God for his bread, and cloath, [Page 132] and guidance, giving unto God the glory of the provision of his outward meanes, according as St. Paul acknowledgeth, Gal. 2.20. That I live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Sonne of God. See Israels contentment, having bread to eate, cloaths to put on, protection in his Journey, and the Lord with him, he desires no more, and need not truly: For he is too covetous, that cannot be content with God. See Israels thankefulnesse, hee hath vow'd himself to the Lord, and the Lord is his God: [Page 133] his heart cannot brooke a desolation of the place where the name of God is cal'd upon: nor that they which serve at the Altar, should sterve at the Altar. In this descry the true Israelite from the counterfeit. Many saith Solomon would be counted good doers, Prov. 20.6. but where shall a man finde a faithfull man? an Israelite indeed, that will stand to the Vow that Israel hath made? Away with those earth worms, those catch-polls, those caterpillers which make no reckoning neither of [Page 134] an house for God, nor of a Tenth for God, nor of themselves for God. His house they make a denne of theeves, his Tenth a sacrilegious pray: and themselves the servants of Corruption, and their Mammon their God. Are these Israelites indeed? Indeed they are the shame of Israel.
4 Fourthly, observe Israels confession, his humble acknowledgement, expressed Gen. 32.10. O God (saith he) I am not worthy of the least of the mercies and truth, which thou hast shewed unto [Page 135] thy servant. Loe how the true Israelite in the feeling of his owne unworthinesse is lowly in his owne eyes, and humbles himselfe before the Lord! The true Israelites that were found mourning for the abominations of the people were signed with a letter, the last in the Hebrew Alphabet, to signifie that in humility they take the lowest roome. Ezech. 9.4. See how Israel heere makes God his onely refuge: his mercy and truth his onely stay: that we may discerne the true Israelite [Page 136] to relye nothing upon merit nor expect due recompence of desert, but only as Saint Basil saith, hath his hope in the mercies of God. If thou wilt carry thy Light safe, cover it with both thy hands: if thou wilt preserve the treasure of grace, let it be Thesaurus absconditus a hid treasure, lest either the puffe of vaine-glory blow out thy light, or ostentation of pride bereave thee of thy treasure: if thou wilt have the Spirituall fire preserved in the hearth of thy heart, cover it [Page 137] with the ashes of Israels humility, I am not worthy of the least of Gods mercies. A way then with the proud Iusticiary Romanist, the ostentant Pharisie, the enemies of Israels humility, the disturbers of Israel.
5 Fifthly, observe Israels resolution. Gen. 32.26. who wrastling with the Angel, resolved saying, I will not let thee goe before thou blesse mee. Behold the true Israelite wrastling with GOD, by Faith, by Prayer, by Patience, having taken sure hold of him, cannot be [Page 138] divided: he is resolved that neither gaine, nor force, nor fraud, shall remove his hold, nor separate his heart from the love of GOD: So the true Israelite Job: Iob. 13.15. If he kill me, I will still put my trust in him: Luk. 18 39. So the poore blind man being checked, cryed so much the more, O sonne of David have mercy on me! So the royall Prophet, My heart is fixed O GOD, my heart is fixed. So the worthy Anselmus: Come Lord Jesus, for now I desire not my feete but to seeke thee, nor my hands but to serve thee, nor my [Page 139] knees but to worship thee, nor my tongue but to praise thee, nor my heart but to love thee. Here is wisedome, let the true Israelite keepe his hold, none can blesse thee but he, therefore let him not goe before hee blesse thee.
6 Sixtly, observe Israels Integrity, his Zeale, his true love of Vertue and hatred of vice. When he comes to give his blessings, Gen. 49.3.6. remembring the sinne of his eldest sonne, he gives him a token of disgrace: Reuben (saith he,) mine eldest [Page 140] sonne light as water, thine honour is gone. Comming to Simeon and Levi, hee saith of them, Simeon and Levi brethren in evill: Into their secret let not my soule come, my glory be not thou joyned with their Assembly. See here the property of a true Israelite, which brooks not sinne nor the dishonour of GOD, in his owne family, in his owne children, in his first-borne: wheresoever hee finds sinne, without partiall affection, he gives it his just disgrace, rebuke, and Curse. This is the Zeale [Page 141] of the Israel of GOD. O beloved, if the danger of sinne in our children, in our family, in our friends, in all men be such, that we may truely say of the infected heart as the children of the Prophets cryed out to Elisha, 2 King 4.40. O Master, Mors in olla: death is in the pot: death is in the house, the heart: except we could either worke a miracle, or else would play with their destruction, why should we cast in meale when wee have salt in our hands? It is not the mealy-mouth that can cure [Page 142] the deadly wound of sinne, but a sharpe proceeding to the wounding of the Conscience, and confusion of security. Observe hence also the faithfull and sound heart of a true Israelite, that by no means will have fellowship with wickednes, either by approbation, imitation or commerce. Into their secret (saith he) let not my soule come, my glory be not thou joyned with their assembly. We ought not to carry our selves indifferently unto the wicked, but as S. Iude Iude 23. saith, hate even the garment spotted [Page 143] by the flesh. O when I thinke upon the brood of that Romish Cockatrice, unnaturall traitors, a generation of vipers, more fit for the halter than the Altar, that perfidious assembly of false Catholicks, I judge him false, no true Israelite to Church or State that in utter hatred of their impieties, doth not breake forth into Israels zealous integrity, Into their secret let not my soule come, my glory be not thou ioyn'd with their assembly.
7 Seventhly, observe Israels contempt of the [Page 144] world, his Pilgrimage on earth, who comming to Pharaoh and being asked of his age, answered thus, The whole time of my pilgrimage are an hundred and thirty yeeres, Gen. 47.9. few and evill have the dayes of my life beene, and I have not attained vnto the yeeres of the life of my fathers in the dayes of their pilgrimages. See here what reckoning the true Israelite makes of this life: here hee is a pilgrime and a stranger, having (as the Apostle saith) no induring City here, but looking for one to come, whose maker [Page 145] and builder is God. If thou art not a stranger upon earth, Heb. 11 10. thou art no true Israelite: if thou hast set up thy rest here, thy state is miserable, for of such saith our Lord, Woe bee unto them, they have their comfort heere. Luk. 6.24. The dove that was sent out of Noahs Arke could not bee satisfied with the carrion that the Crow seaz'd upon, but finding no rest for the sole of her foote, hasted to the Arke againe. The true Israelites are so farre from being wedded to this world: and to the [Page 146] vile pleasures thereof, that they cry in their hearts with the Prophet David, Psal. 55.6. Oh that I had the wings of a dove, that I might fly and be at rest. Of this Pilgrims life speaks the Apostle, 2 Cor. 7.29. Seeing the time is short, it remaines that they which have wives be as though they had none, they that weepe as though they wept not, they that rejoyce as though they rejoyced not: they that buy as though they possessed not, they that use this world as though they used it not, for the fashion of this world goeth away: hence David [Page 147] prayes, Psal. 119.19 I am a stranger upon earth, O hide not thy Commandements from me! and hence Saint Peter exhorteth, 2 Pet. 2.11. I beseech you as pilgrims and strangers, abstaine from fleshly lusts which fight against the soule. It is an undoubted truth, a true Israelite is a pilgrime. If then whilst thou dost walke here as a stranger thou beest contemptiblie questioned with, as Jonas Ionas 1.8. by the mariners; Whence comst thou? where wast thou borne? where dwelst thou? what art thou? whither tend'st thou? comfort thy selfe [Page 148] with that testimoniall which the word of GOD doth afford every true Israelite. If it be asked whence they come? St. Peter answers, that they are a people set at liberty from the spirituall Egipt, that they should set forth the vertues of him that hath call'd them out of darknes into his marvelous light: 1 Peter 2.9. if where they were borne? Saint James shewes that they were borne from above, Iam. 1.17.18. from the Father of lights, borne as saith Saint John, Iohn 1.13. not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man but of God, [Page 149] if where they dwell? Saint Paul answers, Col. 3.2.3. their conversation is hid with Christ in GOD, by affection seekeing the things which are above, where Christ sits at the right hand of God. If what they are? Saint John answers that they are now the sonnes of God, and Saint Paul, 1 Iohn 3.2. the lights of the World. Phil. 1.15. If whither they goe? shall we say as CHRIST to his Disciples, whither they goe ye know, Iohn 14.4. and the way ye know? 'tis like then too many may say, we know not whither they goe, how then should wee know the [Page 150] way? therefore let the Apostle in the behalfe of all true Israelites declare their passage, I (saith he) follow hard toward the marke, Phi. 3.14. for the price of the high calling of GOD in Christ Iesus. Here then, whither they goe yee know, toward the marke: and for what, for the price of the high calling of GOD, and the way ye know, CHRIST IESVS. Thus in the imitation of Israel wee find seaven worthy ornaments of a true Israelite, viz.
1. Vpright plaines without fraudulent Policie.
2. Reverent religion without rudenesse.
3. Holy devotion without prophannesse.
4. Humble confession without pride.
5. Constant resolution without faintnes.
6. Zealous integrity without corruption.
7. A pilgrims life, sober Contentment without Luxurie, without love of the World. The true Israelite is discerned.
2. By exemption from fraud.
THere is a three-fold Fraud from which [Page 152] the true Israelite is free.
1. Fraus iniqua, the fraud of injustice deceiving others.
2. Fraus stuha, the fraud of folly deceiving themselves.
3. Fraus impia, the fraud of impiety, deceiving the Lord.
The first is in outward Conversation, the second in the information of the Conscience, the last in the profession of Religion. If Nathaniels testimony from Christ, saying a true Israelite without fraud, be considered according to [Page 153] this difference of guile, we shall more plainely perceive who is the true Israelite without fraud. 1 First, therefore the fraud of couzenage or deceit in the matter of bargaining, or trading, or outward conversing one with another is hatefull to every true Israelite, as being contrary,
- 1. To Iustice.
- 2. To Charity.
- 3. To Piety.
To Iustice, for St. Paul calls it Oppression, 1 Thes. 3.6. Let no man, saith he, [Page 154] oppresse or defraud his brother in any matter, for the Lord is an avenger of all such things.
To Charity: therefore the Apostle, Eph. 4.25. exhorts Christians saying: Wherefore cast of lying and speake the truth every man to his neighbour, for we are members one of another: Tis the care of one member to helpe, but not to hurt the other.
Contrary to Piety and Christian profession, for St. Paul, Col. 3.9. chargeth us saying, Lye not one to another, seeing yee [Page 155] have put of the old man with his works: Now then, how should not a true Israelite, a true Christian man be ashamed of that worke which hath neither justice, nor charity, nor godlinesse in it? The plainnesse and simplicity of faith in Christ admits neither of false weights, false measures, nor couzening trickes, nor equivocating fraud. This deceit is com to that height now that it is admired, studied, and practised as a great mystery, and hee is rejected as a foole that hath it not. [Page 156] What an injurious proverbe unto truth and upright dealing is that, Plaine dealing is a Iewel, but hee shall dye a beggar that useth it: whether he shall dye a beggar or no I will not strive, one thing I am sure of, hee shall live a Saint. All the wickednesse of this fraud is now put of with caveat emptor: let the buyer looke to it. O foolishnesse! should the buier take heed of being deceived, of suffering losse in his penny, and the seller take no heed of being a deceiver, and [Page 157] so to loose thereby the Grace of God, the Honour of Truth, the Hope of a better life? Of this deceit speakes the Lord by the Prophet Ieremy; Among my people are found wicked persons, Iere. 5 26. that lay waite as he that setteth snares, they have made a pit to catch men: As a Cage is full of birds: so are their houses full of deceit, thereby they are become great, and waxen rich. First, it is utterly a shame for us that the Lord should complaine that such persons are found among his people, those that professe [Page 158] the knowledge of the Truth: next very properly and significantly doth the Lord say, that deceit is in their house, as a bird in a Cage. T'is there as imprisoned, and cannot get forth, they have got such an habit of Couzenage that they cannot leave it.
Yea their false swearing, lying, couzening trickes to draw in gain, is become to bee a darling, a delight unto them, a bird that makes them sweet musicke, and their shop is the Cage; well is he that can get such a [Page 159] bird, such a prentise boy, that can tune his note artificially to deceive. If thou bee'st a true Israelite, thou wilt not make thy house a snare, a pitfall to catch plaine men, nor thy shop a Cage for that uncleane bird. O rather let the voice of the Turtle Dove be hard in thy house, Can. 2.12. mourning for sinne, thankesgiving to God, devout praiers, comfortable instruction, words of truth and love, that is the true Israelites bird, the true Christians musicke.
2. Foolish fraud.
AS wee have seene the fraud of injustice from which the true Israelite is free, so in the next place observe the fraud of folly by which the minde deceives it selfe, from which the true Israelite is also exempted. This deceit is in the information of the mind, a couzenage of a mans owne heart, of which St. Iames speakes, Be ye doers of the word, Iam. 1.22.26. and [Page 161] not hearers onely, deceiving your owne selves: and again in the same Chapter: If any man (saith he) among you seeme religious, and refraineth not his tongue, but deceiveth his owne heart that mans religion is vaine. Of this fraud there may be three branches observed.
- 1. Vaine excuse to lessen sinne.
- 2. A blasphemous cloake to cover sinne.
- 3. A presumptuous security to lye in sinne.
1. Vaine excuse.
1 FIrst, it is a profitable sinne (saith one) it is the very means wherby I live. O vaine folly! O damnable fraud! Is the certaine way to eternall death become the meanes of life? Is it gainefull? Open thine eyes O thou vaine man, and consider the summe of thy gaine: thou gainest drosse, and loosest the true treasure: thou winnest the world, loosest thine [Page 163] owne soule: thou gettest earth, and loosest heaven, thou art joyned to Mammon, and divided from God. I but (saith another) my children will find the good of it, my posterity will praise my doings: O fraud! Thou shalt be prays'd saith Chrysostome where thou art not, and tormented where thou art. What profits it thee to be commended of thy posterity for leaving riches, and to bee condemned eternally for getting them? Can thy sonnes pleasure on earth, ease thy paine in [Page 164] hell? Oh that the scales of this fraud would fall from the eyes of these earthly men, that they might discerne between things that differ, the riches of Gods grace, and the drosse of this world that in the love of the one, and contempt of the other, they may truely say, Christ is to us both in life and in death advantage. Philip. 1.21.
2 But I heare the Wanton put his trick upon us saying, the sinne is full of delight, and what is a man but his pleasure? And is it true? Is it a sport for thee to offend [Page 165] the everliving God? Canst thou dally with the consuming fire, with the Maiesty of GOD, into whose whose hands to fall is a fearefull thing? Woe be unto thee, thou hast thy Comfort here. And yet alas 'tis but the Comfort of an hogge in a stye, a bird in a cage, thou laughest and sing'st in the midst of thy slavery, 'tis but from the teeth outward, no sound Joy, the worme of remorse gnawes thee within, thou hast not a Crumme of true Consolation, much lesse that continuall feast with the [Page 166] sonnes of GOD.
3 I but it is a common and receiv'd custome saith another; too true, and as the Scribes and Pharisees said, seeing the multitude to follow Christ, Doe ye not see how you prevaile nothing, Loe all the world goes after him: So these insult, and object to Gods Ministers saying, Doe you not see how you prevaile nothing with all your paines, your labour is but lost, men will not leave their pleasure in sinne, their profit by deceit, for all that you can say or doe: and therefore [Page 167] let us doe as most doe. O foolish deceit! and will this wretch be damn'd for company? Is the sin common? why? what though it be in the mouths of Kings, in the reyns of Nobles, in the hands of Iudges, in the eyes of the Priests, yet will that helpe nothing in the day of thine account, nor can such example make any Royall, Noble, Just, or Holy sinne. Well said Eucherius to his Cozen Valerian, Obsecro te, alienum delictum semper ut opprobrium respice nunquam ut exemplum: [Page 168] I beseech thee, alwaies behold another mans fault as a shame to the doer, but never as thy patterne. Is sin customary? why? what though evill may plead for it selfe as the Romane Church doth, Antiquity, Vniversality, Consent, yet 'tis no lesse blemish for thee to be infected with a customed and common sinne, than to consort with an old and common whore. 4 But me thinkes I heare a swarme of naturall men buzzing about me, and urging a conceit of humane frailty, that flesh and blood can [Page 169] doe no otherwise, deceiving themselves with Information out of St. Paul misunderstood, Ro. 7. where the Apostle saith, So in my mind I serve the Law of GOD, but in my flesh the Law of Sinne. I am verily perswaded that this very fraud sends many thousands to hell. For what in their account is the sin of humane frailty? under burthen of which the Apostle groaned saying, O wretched man that I am! Looke into their bill of account and you shall find cursing, swearing, [Page 170] gluttony, drunkennesse, couzenage, fornication, lying, hatred, and revenge, ranked as the sinnes of their infirmity and humane frailty. Loe here Salomons sluggard that cryes yet a little sleep, yet a little slumber; slumber and sleepe, infirmity and impiety, all is one, all but little, and all too little for him. But O good God! shall we imagine that the holy Apostle did in his flesh serve the Law of sinne after this manner? And was hee indeed a couzener, a lyer, a fornicator, a drunkard? [Page 171] God forbid. There are indeed sinnes of infirmity against which the godly man hath a continuall conflict. As concupiscence, motions unto evill, idle words, inconsiderate passions, surreptions, sinne stealing upon us before wee are aware, propter inadvertentiam as the schools speake, for want of due circumspection: but that sinne which hath the consent of the heart, and is done with purpose and deliberation, as fornication, revenge, lying, couzenage, treason, [Page 172] and such like must not be counted infirmities but iniquities, and such abominations as cannot stand with the grace of Christ, but doth quench the spirit, and so long as they are continued by any, there is no Seale of salvation in him. The Apostle then in the place forenamed doth not meane that he serves in his flesh the law of sinne by actuall and voluntary corruption, but by naturall and involuntary Concupiscence, which though hee is compeld to obey in respect of evill [Page 173] motions arising, yet neither doth his mind consent, nor his actions conforme unto them.
2. Blaspemous cloake for sinne.
AS some deceive themselves in lessening their wickednesse by a vaine excuse, as ye have observ'd already, so there are ungodly men crept in, which father all their sinne upon the force of Gods decree, affirming a necessity [Page 174] of their sinning, through the inclination and secret working of God, who (say they) doth determinate their wills to evill, and so every one of their sinnes is their destinie, and could never have been avoyded. But this is a foolish and damnable fraud, seeing that St. Iames faith, Iam. 1.13. that God cannot bee tempted with evill, and that it is against the very nature and goodnesse of God to infuse evill, or to incline the heart to sinne, and against the justice of God and his truth, who both [Page 175] protesteth that he would not the death of a sinner, and also cannot justly damne that in another, to which (as they say,) he himselfe inclineth the heart, yea by a powerfull decree inforceth it. God indeed ordereth and limiteth the corrupt will of man, prone of it selfe to evill, suffering it to be carried to this sin and not to that, according to his wisedome and good pleasure; and although God justly leaves men for their unthankefulnes and rebellion in the snare of the [Page 176] Devill, yet he neither inclineth nor enforceth them to sinne.
Some have wrote to make this Spiders webbe, whom I will not name, for I had rather hide than hit them: affirming absurdly that the ancient Fathers gave but a frigid, a cold answere, when they said that God hardened men by desertion, forsaking their rebellious minds, and by permission giving way to Sathan to seduce, insnare, and overcome men. Yea one saith Adulterium est opus Dei: [Page 177] Adultery is of Gods working: another Deus movet latronem ad occidendum, God sets on a thiefe to kill, which speeches they understand not to be in respect of Gods permission, without whose leave nothing can be done: nor in respect of that generall ayde and sustentation of the power of God, in whom we live, and move, and have our being, but they conceive God particularly and necessarily to incline the Adulterer and the thiefe to their villany by a speciall motion, and by a fatall [Page 178] decree. Whereby the very nature of sinne is taken away, and the filthines therof, because (as they conceive) God hath so deepe an hand in it, that it is found to be his speciall worke: But from this fraud the true Israelite is free, who acknowledgeth that of the Prophet O see, Perditio tua ex te Israel: thy destruction, O Israel; comes of thy selfe: and that of St. Paul, Ye did runne well, Gal. 5.8. who did hinder you, 'tis not the perswasion of him that called you.
3. Presumptuous security to lye in sinne.
YOu have seene how foolishly men deceave themselves by lessening their sinnes by vaine excuse, or covering their wickednesse by blasphemous conceit of Gods inclination and fatall decree inforcing their sinne: now observe how also many deceive themselves by a secure presuming that continuance in sinne shall never [Page 180] hurt them because of their confidence in the grace of Christ. The Apostle 1 Cor. 6.9. notably confoundeth their grosse deceit: Know ye not (saith hee) that the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdome of God: be not deceived, neither fornicatours, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor wantons, nor buggerers, nor theeves, nor covetous persons, nor drunkards, nor raylers, nor extortioners shall inherit the kingdome of God. What? doth the Apostle terrifie here and teach not? Is it not rather a fearefull doctrine? [Page 181] Are these but words of course? if thy heart beleeves this doctrine. Deceive not thy selfe by secure presumption. Marke what the Apostle addeth, and such were some of you, but ye are washed, ye are sanctified, ye are justified in the Name of the Lord Iesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God: he doth not say, and such are some of you, and yet ye are justified, but such were some of you, giving us to understand that such sinnes cannot stand with the grace of Iustification and Sanctification of the Spirit. [Page 182] I but yet such a person may bee elect, saith one: We doe not now dispute what he may be, or what Gods purpose is to worke in him hereafter; but this wee are bound to teach, and the people beleeve, that men so long as they continue in such sinnes, are not in the state of salvation, and if they dye without repentance they are certainly damned. Neither must men deceive themselves with a conceit of hidden grace, and presence of the Spirit during the continuance of such sins: [Page 183] for these sinnes being contrary to the Holy Ghost, doth so quench the divine motions and so pollute the soule, that Saint Iohn speaking of one of such sinnes affirmes flatly, 1 Ioh. 3.15. Wee know that no man-slaier hath eternall life abiding in him. He doth not deny but that a man-slaier repenting may have eternall life; but he concludes against this fraud of presumption maintaining that such an one during his sinne without repentance, hath not eternall life abiding in him: but by his sinne hee hath [Page 184] lost the Spirit of GOD, and the comfort of salvation by Christ, untill he be againe renewed by repentance. And therfore men that continue in such sinnes ought to bee so farre from beleeving that they in Gods favour are safe, they that are bound to beleeve by the word of God that they shall never inherit the kingdome of Christ. I but saith this deceiver, doth not the scripture say: Blessed is the man whose unrighteousnesse is forgiven, Psal. 32.1. and whose sinnes is covered: if covered (saith he) then [Page 185] continuance in sin cannot hurt a beleever. But the godly which know the comfortable sence of these words, admits not this deceivers glosse. All our former sins by repentance and faith in Christ are forgiven, and so covered that they shall not appeare to our confusion: but then we know also that repentance imports not onely a verball confession and acknowledgement that we sin, but also a reall and true forsaking of such sins as are committed against consciēce. The grace of Christ then covers our [Page 186] infirmities as a cloath to hide them, because they continue so long as wee live: but it covers our impieties & crimes as a plaister that draweth out the filth, and healeth the sore. We must not thinke that the Name, and merits of Christ are a cloake for villanies, or a covert for iniquities: but as by the grace of Christ our weaknes is covered, so our wickednes is cured: so that a wicked man and a Christian are directly contrary.
3. Fraus impia, the wiced fraud in profession of Religion.
VVE have observed alreadie that fraud of Iniustice deceiving others, that fraud of folly deceiving themselves, now let us see that impious fraud in the profession of Religion, deceiving the LORD, of which we may briefly observe six kinds.
- 1. Of Formall and Politicke
- 2. Of Faint and Negligent
- 3. Of Fained & Counterfeit
- 4. Of Forced and Servile
- 5. Of Forged and Arbitrary
- 6. Of Flattering and Carnal
RELIGION.
1. Of Formall.
POliticke Religion admits no more of Gods service than may stand with the state, serve the time, and please men: a ranke of men there are that so turn themselves to serve GOD, that yet they have alwayes an eye therin to serve their own turne. Aug. de civi: dei ca. 20. l. 2. Hence come the principles of polititians: Tantùm stet, tantùm floreat, copijs referta, victorijs gloriosa, pace secura Respublica, et quid ad nos caetera? Let but the state [Page 189] of the common wealth stand and flourish, abundant with plenty, glorious with victory, secure with peace, and we looke after no more. Hence come their positions, Conservatio Reip. status prior ac antiquior esse debet quam religionis causa. B [...]lloy. pag. 2. The preservation of the Common-wealth ought to be more precious and more to bee respected than the matter of Religion. Antiquisart. p. 124. Hence comes this their brutish conclusion, Ʋirorum fortium hic scopus, hoc studium, haec cura primaria esse debet, vitam [Page 190] laetam ac affluentem ducere: This ought to be the drift, the study and prime care of a generous man to live a jocund and delicious life. Of which beasts yet Iob hath fearefully concluded, Iob 21.13. They passe their dayes in pleasure and in a moment goe down to hell. O how this polititian smiles to observe the true Israelites following their profession in earnest, counting them therefore God Almighties fooles. But well answered the Lady Paula, the Polititians of her time, nos stulti propter [Page 191] Christum, sed stultum Dei sapientius est hominibus: We are fooles for Christs sake, but the foolishnes of God is wiser than men, Inertiaese et otio dante, &c. saith Ierome, whilst these Mammonists give themselves to idlenes and sloth, they count those which seriously meditate in the Law of God day and night, tanquam garrulos et inutiles, as vaine and scripture-men: Psal. 14.6. and as David saith, They have made a mocke at the Councell of the poore, because the Lord is his trust. This formalist is in the Church as a [Page 192] sword in the heart, as a serpent in the bosome, as a poyson in the stomack, as a theefe in the house: by him the righteous soule is grieved, the plaine Israelite circumvented, the weake infected, the Church robbed. From this fraud the true Israelites exempted, who first seeks the Kingdome of God, and his righteousnesse, serves not the time, but the Lord, and their prime care is to worke their salvation with feare and trembling.
2. The fraud of faint Religion.
THe second fraud in profession is Negligence, when the professour is not inflamed with zeale, and the love of God, but with a remissnes and carelesnesse creeps about the workes of godlines: This fraud the holy Ghost espied in the Angel of the Church of Laodicêa, Reu. 3.15. saying, I know thy workes that thou art neither cold nor hot: and of this guile speaks the Scripture fearfully; Ier. 48.10. Cursed is every one that worketh the worke of [Page 194] God negligently. Free from this guile are all true Israelites. Psa. 42.2. So David, that said; my soule is a thirst for God. 1 King 19.10. So Elias, that protested saying; I am zealous for the Lord God of Hostes: though many times they which are at ease in Syon, count Elias his zeale the maine disturbance of Israel. T'is a fearefull commination of the Lord against neutralls, these lukewarme professors, in the Prophecy of Malachy: Mal. 1.14. Cursed is the deceiver that hath in his flock a male, and offereth a corrupt thing. 2 Pet. 2 7. If thy righteous soule bee [Page 195] grieved at sin with just Lot: If thou mourn'st because men keepe not Gods Law with zealous David: Ps. 119 136. If thou art weary of thy life for the daughters of Heth with Rebecca, Ge. 27.46. If thou canst cry with Samson for that well of life, Iudges 15.18. give me drinke or I die with thirst, then art thou free from fraud, and thou art knowne of God for a true Israelite. O let us raise up our hearts from this fraud, remembring that of the Apostle, Gal. 6.9. Be not weary of well-doing, knowing that ye shall receive if yee faint not: and let us carefully [Page 196] follow the councell of the holy Ghost: Reu. 3.2. Be awake and strengthen the things which remain, that are ready to die.
3. The fraud of fained Religion.
THe third fraud in profession is counterfeit religion, which stands in outward show without intention of the heart, drawing neere unto God in the lipps, the mind being far from him. This deceiver showes himselfe in the Feathers of the Swan, but secretly wallowes in the mire of the [Page 197] Swine: and though hee seemes to be a very hoorder of the Manna, yet is he found feeding at the Prodigalls trough. These deceivers saith Nazianzen weave Penelopes web, what they make in the day, they marre in the night. Like they are unto Plinies bastard Eagle, that hath the face of an Eagle, but the foote of a Goose: Ezech. 10.14. or to Ezechiels vision with many faces, of Angell, of Man, of Beast: these shew themselues Cherubims in the Church, in company men: beasts in secret. Suidas. Pasetes the Iuglers [Page 198] feast full of varieties in show, vanishing all away when they should be tasted, was but a mock-belly: the goodliest building the fairest house without Inhabitant to give reliefe, that poore men call but a mocke-beggar: and the most ostentant professors, which have a shew of godlinesse without the power therof, a counterfeit Israelite is but a mocke-God. these are reeds shaken with every winde of tentation, smooth but yet hollow, without the pyth and substance of godlinesse. This fraud the holy Ghost found [Page 199] in the Angel of the Church at Sardis; saying, Reve. 3 1. I know thy workes that thou hast a name to live but indeed art dead. From this guile was David free who cheerefully appeales to Gods view saying, Ps. 138.23. Examine me O Lord and prove me, try out my reines and my heart: T'is with every true Israelite as St. Ierome speakes of a good Priest, Christiani Sacerdotis lingua, manus, mens, concordent. A true Israelites tongue, and his hand, and his heart goe together.
4. The fraud of forced Religion.
SErvile and compel'd religion is the fourth fraud in professiō: and that is when men attend the exercises of religiō without freedome of soule & spirit. Where appears the main difference betweene religion inspired, and religion cōmanded, the one leades by cheerefulnes & love, the other draws by feare and force. I will offer saith David unto the Lord free-will offerings, Psal. 110.3. Psal. 45 6. that is offerings of a ready and cheerefull mind. A [Page 201] speciall mark of a true Israelite: for where the spirit of God is, there is liberty saith Saint Paul. 2 Cor. 3.17. I was glad saith David whē they said, Come, we will goe into the house of the Lord. But these deceivers reckon the Lords service as a very torment to their pleasures & profits, a cooling of their delights: and as the devills in the Gospell was affected with the presence of Christ, so these with the exercise of godlinesse, what have they to doe with them, they come to torment them before the time. Mat. 8.29.
5. The Fraud of forged Religion.
ARbitrary and devised Religion is the fifth fraud in profession, which magnifies private inventions to the neglect of the councell of God, which being urged as necessary parts of divine worship, argue the Word of God of Insufficiency: but it is the wantonnes of mens wits and luxury of their mind, that rove out beyond the limits of God, and are not content with his Wisdome. This fraud Christ [Page 203] spied in the Pharisies, Mat. 15 6. who made the Commandements of God of no effect, to establish their owne traditions. This fraud also is observed to be in the Romish Church, who have equalled their traditions to the Scripture, and have devised a new Creede, making their fancies Articles of Faith needfull to salvation: This fraud some also impute to the Church of England, though injuriously: for it urgeth no humane invention as an essentiall part of Gods worship, or as needfull to [Page 204] salvation, but onely for order, for comlinesse, for signification. From this fraud the true Israelite is free, who is so bound to the word of God, that he makes it the warrant, the honour of his actions, the warrant that secureth the rule that directeth, the honour that graceth his Religion.
6. The Fraud of carnall Gospelling.
THe last fraud in profession I call flattering or carnall Religion, which doth not crucifie the flesh with the lusts, [Page 205] therefore they say of their lusts as Pilate said to Christ, what evill have they done: These deceivers admit nothing that savours either of labour or restraine of the appetite: tell them of mourning for sinne, of watching in prayer, of fervency in devotion, of fasting and abstinence, of mercy and almes deedes to the poore and such like, and they will put of all to the hearing of a Sermon, an easie worke; and for the rest seeme to say as the Devills did to the sonnes of Sceva, Iesus wee know, and [Page 206] Paul we know, Act. 19 13. but who are ye? Sporting they may say we know, & feasting we know, but what is fasting? what mourning? what almes? Of this fraud speaks the Apostle S. Iude saying, Iude 1.4. there are certaine men crept in, Vngodly men, which turn the grace of our God into wantonnes. These men instead of building that Spirituall Tower, mount up a narrow and overtopping Chimny: Luke 14.28 instead of sound religion, a smoaky vaine, and foule singularity. These fly not like doves to their windowes Esay 60.8.as the Prophet describeth [Page 207] the Godly mans celerity, & spirituall contemplation, but hop like frogs, raising themselves a little from the earth, in a ceremonious hearing of the word & praier, the weight of their belly, of their lusts puls thē down to their pond, to their filth againe: and there though they croake of Religion, & of the Gospel of Christ, yet in truth they can not abide to enter into the streight gate, the narrow way that leadeth unto life. Quintus Cicero perceiving his brother Mark to sue for the Consulship; counselled [Page 208] him that continually he should think upon these words Novus homo es, Consulatum petis, Roma est. Thou art but a strāger, thou suest for the Consulship, and t'is Rome where thou seek'st it: thinking that each one of these considerations would spurre him on to vertue and honorable deportment. He was a strā ger, no citizē of Rome: no Patrician, but a man of Arpinas, of an obscure place: next he sought for the Consulship the highest dignity: & that in the city of Rome where was a [Page 209] multitude of choise competitors. O beloved, we al seeme to make suit for eternall life, the preparation wherunto is a true Israelite, Christianity with out fraud: that wee may inflame our hearts to a conversation agreeable to the Gospel of Christ, let us oftentimes thinke of these words, Novus homo es, Caelum petis, Ecclesia est. Thou art a stranger, not born a Citizen of the spirituall Kingdome but by nature a childe of wrath thou seekest for heavē the highest dignity, and that in the Church, in the holy city, [Page 210] where are a multitude of choise competitours, Israelites indeed, exercised in labour, patience, praiers, sorrow, and contemplatiō of God, and thinkst thou to get it in ease, wantonnes, Idlenes? here the kingdome of heavē suffers violence, and the violent take it by force of devotion, and thinkest thou to get it by fraud of sensuality? If the divine Eagle can scarce soare unto it, when shall the carnall frog attain unto it by remisse and intermitted girds? Sophocles. wel said the tragaedian [...] [Page 211] no man prospers without diligence: wouldst thou have the highest honour with the basest thoughts? the greatest happines with no difficulty, no paines, no diligence? fró this fraud is the true Israelite exempted. So St. Paul, Phil. 3.14. 1 Cor. 9.27. I follow hard toward the mark: and again, I beate down my body and bring it into subjectiō: Ps. 131 2. so the Prophet David, My soule is as a weaned child: Behold now a true Israelites religion, not formall and ceremonious, and politique & time-serving, but serious, not faint, but zealous; not fained, but [Page 212] faithful and true: nor forced, but free: not forged, but divine: not carnal, but spirituall. Let us then all labour every man in his place, frō the highest Cedar to the lowest shrub, for Nathanaels approbation, his praise, a true Israelite. A worthy testimony it is when the Lord may say: Behold a true King in whō is no fraud of tyranny, oppression, injustice. Behold a true Bishop, a Pastor indeed in whom is no fraud of heresie seducing others, no fraud of schisme disturbing others, no fraud of idlenes neglecting others: [Page 213] no fraud of evill example corrupting others, no fraud of humane conceit, of light froth, of curious teaching & wantonning in the chaire of Christ, vainly pleasing others. Behold a true Iudge, a Magistrate indeed without fraud of injustice, partiality, bribery. Behold true subjects, without fraud of trechery to their Soveraigne, conspiracy against their country: Behold in the Church true Israelites without fraud of injurious couzenage deceiving their brethren, of folly, deceiving themselves; of impiety dishonouring [Page 214] their profession and making a mocke of the service of God. Now then, as when Christ Iesus mentioned the traitor, the disciples were presently stirr'd and began to say to him one by one, Mat. 26 25. Is it I? master is it I? and the Lord gave no answer: But whē the course came for the traitour indeed to speak, saying Is it I? the Lord sealed his word presetly, saying, thou hast said: So beloved whilst wee heare such good things of the true Israelite, and are moved one by one to cō mune and search of our [Page 215] own estate, saying, Is it I? that is the true Israelite, Lord is it I? whē he speaks that is the Israelite indeed that truly repents of his sins, beleeves only in the Lord Iesus, & lives iustly, soberly, & godly in this present world, and saith, Lord is it I? The voice of the Holy Ghost sealeth & confirmeth it saying, thou hast said. If thē any soule which hath long pleas'd it selfe with the shadow of his Fig-tree, the delights of sin, begins to resolve with himselfe to come with Natha. to the Lord Iesus the true rest of souls: [Page 216] or if any being truly affected with the sincerity of the true Israelite, doth inwardly hate the unjust, foolish, & wicked fraud of earthly, sensuall, & devilish men, or if all you that heare me this day, are so delighted with the honor & comfort of Nathanaels testimony, that you go away resolved to regard no applause in the world, in cōparison of this, that ye may bee accounted of God true Israelites in whō is no fraud; then have I my desire, you have the blessing, and let God have the glory. Amen.