DISCOVERIES.

DISCOVERIES. OR An EXPLORATION AND EXPLICATION OF Some Aenigmatical Verities, hitherto not handled by any Authour. viz.

  • In the written Word of God.
  • In the Commentaries of the Fathers.
  • In the Cabal of the Stoicks.

Many choice Inferences, and unheard of (yet considerable) Nicities, never before Proposed. ALSO, A Seraphick Rhapsodie on the Passion of Jesus Christ our sole Redeemer.

By S. SHEPPARD.

London; Printed by B. Alsop, near the Upper Pump in Grubstreet. 1652.

To the truly Iudicious and eminently learned, IOHN SELDEN, Esq.

SIR,

WEre not your humanity my Rock, I could not but be thought audacious, (if not insolent) to make you (learned Sir) Pa­tron to this piece; you, whose works have carried your name and honour as far as learning hath spread her wings; you, whose smallest pieces, are worth whole volumes of other writers, so that the ancients have no cause to glory in their Livie, or their Seneca, since the best of those they so much boast of, are [Page] blended in your person, and you are master of all their perfections: but Sir, I know you will not think your self disparaged, that I (how mean or infor­tunate soever am so bold thus to sa­lute you, since you know (as well as I) the greatest Monarchs ever yet in pow­er, have deigned to accept (if I may speak modestly) and refund far un­worthier subjects then these. You know Sir, that Mercury the God of wisedom, hath his house, his exaltation, and his triumph in one and the same sign; ne­verthelesse, he hath greater force and efficacy in his unfortunate one. These Essays (for the most part) found pro­duction in the infamous Goal of New­gate, where (for my loyalty to the late King) I suffered a severe restraint al­most fourteen moneths. These Delinea­tions (I am confident) as dull as they are, will seem to some but as so many night-pieces; they will cry out, that like (the Cuttle fish, I hide my self too [Page] much in my own inke: But to you (most learned Sir) if I may seem but the least guided by caelestiall adjuve­ments, and worthy of your pardon, I have my wish, and shall esteem my self ever obliged, as becommeth him that affectionately honoureth you, and is,

Sir,
The devoted servant of your worth S. SHEPPARD.

To the Peruser.

SOme of my friends (whom I unfeig­nedly honour for their learning, &c.) have of late been pleased to tax my studies (referring to some­what I lately divulged) as incom­patible with my profession, &c. but did they know how meanly I prize those pieces of frippery, they would [Page] suspend their censures; and be confi­dent, that their Severitia (in that kind) cannot exceed mine▪ he that thinks worse of those Rimes then my self, I scorn him; for he cannot: he that thinks better is a fool. We know that the greatest Kings and States­men sometimes purposely desert their stations, yet not forget who they are, nor what power they manage. But to let my friends know I can be seri­ous, and (sitting in Porticu Zenonis) seem as sullen as the sowrest of them, I present this to publick view where­in I have indeavoured to stive as much good matter as I could in a lit­tle room (perhaps) to affront parti­allity, and opinion (the Goddesse of the world) and beard the Zanzum­mims [Page] of Gyant-wits of the time. These Issays, and delineations I de­dicate onely to the judicious: for the Rabble of misguided Censors, I say—

Hence ye big-buzzing little bodied Gnats;
Ye tatling ecchoes, huge tongu'd Pig­my brats:
I mean to sleep; wake not my slumbring brain,
With your malignant weak detracting vein.
S. SHEPPARD.

An Alphabetical Table, Directing to the most material Observations throughout this Work.

A
  • Chap. 1. ANgels, that they are not unacquainted with things done here in this Elementary world.
    • Sect. 2. All shall be saved, the manner how; an old errour newly revived. All of old saved by the same faith, the same allegorically illustrated.
    • Sect. 3. Apio the Grammarian.
  • chap. 2, &c.
  • Chap. 3. Adam and Eve lost Paradise by luxurious de­sires.
  • Chap. 4. An apologie for dancing and kissing.
    • Sect. 3. Ambrose his reason why Eliah fled from the face of Jezabel, yet boldly met Ahab, 1 Kin. 10.
    • Alexander the Great his continency.
  • [Page] Chap. 5. Anthonies strictnesse.
    • Ambrose his reason why Joseph left his coat with his Mistresse.
    • Sect. 3. Abraham not so long lived as his son I­saac, the reason way.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 2. Apolinarius his errour.
    • Sect. 3. All not capable of a resurrection, accor­ding to the Iewish Rabbins; the names of those they except against.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 2. An account given how the resurrection of our bodies may be perfected by natural reason.
    • Sect. 3. Angels, that they are alwaies conver­sant with us here below, that they joyn with us in the first Petition of the Lords Prayer.
    • Sect. 5 Angels, whether Ministerial in Christs resurrection or not.
    • Sect. 6. Angels, whether God will not use their aid at the last day in raising our bodies.
B
  • chap, 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2.
    • sect. 6. BOdy of man subject to six thousand several diseases.
  • [Page] Chap. 3. Ba [...] bemoaning of a valiant (but drunken) Commander.
  • Chap. 4. Sect. 3. Beautiful objects, how dangerous.
  • Chap. 5. Brayding the hair, and painting the face, how lawfull.
    • Sect. 3. Baal-peor, the Idol of the Midianites, why worshipped by women.
  • Chap. 6. Bodies assum'd or counterfeit receive their full perfection at their creation.
  • Chap. 7. Blasphemy belched by Overton and his adhe­rents.
C
  • Chap. 1.
    • sect. 3. CYnocephalia that revived Homer.
    • Canibals, or the craws of Ravens, though digesting our flesh, not able to hinder the con­nexion of our bodies.
    • Sect. 4. Conceits of the Jewish Rabbins, concer­ning Gods three Keys.
  • Chap. 2.
    • Chrysostomes place in heaven for the ancient heathen Sages.
    • Causabon upon Baronius.
    • [Page] Sect. 5, Covenants between God and Christ, be­fore the creation of the world.
  • Chap. 3.
    • Cyrus his defeating the Amazons.
    • Carowse, the naturalizing of the word amongst us.
    • Chrysostomes observation upon Luke, 13. 45.
  • Chap. 4. Capitol of Rome besieged, a rare example.
  • Chap. 5.
    • Conjectures why our Saviour opened so many eyes, and unlocked so many ears,
    • Sect. 2. Couzenage practised by Jacob.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 2. Christs resurrection powerfull in refe­rence to us.
    • Sect. 4. Corah, Dathan, and Abiram, how e­quitably punished.
    • Sect. 6. Curious enquiries concerning the resur­rection of our bodies.
D
  • Chap. 1, &c,
  • Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 3. Distinction in the Ioy of the Angels.
  • Chap. 3. Devils lodged in every grape, according to the Alchoran.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Doves ingender at their mouths.
    • [Page] Sect. 4. Defence of some Authors.
  • Chap. 5.
    • Sect. 2. Dambo the Hermit.
    • Sect. 3. Dalilah, Sampsons missresse dreadful in her very name.
    • Dionisius the elder of Sicilie, his colloquie with his son.
  • Chap. 6. Damnable heresie, broached by Manicheus, and Marion.
  • Chap, 7. Dulnesse and stupidity in the wisest of the Hea­then in reference to true saving knowledge.
    • Sect. 2. Disciples of Christ, how unlikely it was that they should steal away the body of their dead master.
    • Sect. 4. Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah by fire and brimstone, the great contradicti­on of nature therein.
E
  • Chap. 1.
    • Sect. 3. Ezekiahs description of the manner of Gods actuating a general resurrection.
  • Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 2. Equality and continuance where alone to be expected.
    • Sect. 5. Eternal life promised on Gods part ere the world was, an expesition upon Titus, 1. 2, and Proverbs, 8. 13.
  • [Page] Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 2. Ease, how dangerous.
  • Chap. 5. Easier to keep out then to cast out lust.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 2. Eye, and Touch, the fidelity of those two senses.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 2. Emblemes and Types of the resurrection in the book of Nature.
    • Sect. 6. Excrements, whether at our resurrec­tion our hair and nails that have been cut from us, shall not rise with us.
F
  • Chap, 1.
    • sect. 3. FAlacious dealing of the Jewish Rabbins, per­verting the words of David, Psal. 3. 4.
  • Chap, 2. Fulnesse of the Angels joy.
    • Sect. 4. Folly proceeding of wisdome the most foul.
  • Chap. 3.
    • Feasting of some the famishing of others.
    • Feasts the Physitians best friends.
  • Chap. 4. Fixing of the eye, how obnoxious.
  • Chap. 5. &c.
  • [Page] Chap. 6. Fashion of Christ not fantastical but real.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 3. Familiarity of the Angels with Max­kind.
    • Sect. 6. Females whether they shall not be chan­ged at the resurrection; and whether there shall be any distinction of Sexes.
G
  • Chap. 1. Gods special revelation to the Angels.
  • Chap. 2. Gods mercy not to be limited to Christians one­ly.
    • Sect. 4. Gods permission of Solomen to wade through the deep sea of vanity, the reason why.
  • Chap. 3. Gluttony, bow rise in these times,
  • Chap, 4. Gazing too greedily, how dangerous, instanced in Eve.
  • Chap. 5. Gaudie attire the Bawd to lust.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect, God and man made one compound by Apol­linarius.
  • [Page] Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 3. Gods works mistaken by the heathen for their Gods.
    • Sect. 4. Gods retalliating vengeance.
H
  • Chap. 1.
    • Sect. 2. HEaven not shut up till the time of Christs incarnation, as Sergius and others af­firm.
    • Sect. ibid. Hosanna sung to our Saviour as he rode to the Temple, the interpretation there­of.
    • Sect. 3. How the resurrection of our bodies shall be wrought, according to the Iewish Rab­bins.
    • Sect. 4. The wiser sort of Heathen, their opini­on concerning the same.
  • Chap. 2. Heraclitus with Socrates, ranked by Justin Mar­tyr in heaven, the authors opinion concerning the souls of deceased Pagans.
  • Chap. 3. Hillarion his rare abstinence.
  • Chap. 4. How an idle person may be said to be the De­vils tempter.
  • Chap. 5.
    • Sect. 3. Heathens why they painted their las­civious [Page] God and Goddesse naked.
  • Chap. 6. How Nicodemus might be said to resort to an Saviour by night, &c.
  • Chap, 7. Heathen by Phylosophy and the scale of the creature ascended very high.
    • Sect. 4, Herodias death.
    • Hatto Bishop of Ments Gods wonderful judge­ment towards him.
    • Sect. 6. Holy land why (in all probability) Jo­seph and the Patriarchs were so solicitous to have their bones buried there.
I
  • Chap, 1, &c.
  • Chap, 2.
    • Sect, 3. JOy, how different from mirth, a definition of either.
  • Chap. 3, Italian Proverb concerning gluttony.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 2. Idlenesse elaborately delineated.
  • Chap. 5.
    • Sect. 3. Jacob lived but 147 years, why.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 2. Ietelligence of the senses penetrating to the intellect.
  • [Page] Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 2. Instances proving by natural reason the possibility of a resurrection.
K
  • Chap, 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2. KNowledge of Christ might be revealed to the wiser sort of heathen, even at their la­test gasp.
    • Sect. 2. Knowing men are onely capable of true joy.
  • Chap. 3. &c,
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 4. King Davids adultery, the occasion thereof.
  • Chap. 6. &c.
  • Chap. 7. &c.
L
  • LEaven, that a little bone in every mans back shal partake of the nature of that in order to a resurrection, &c.
  • Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 2. Letari et gaudere, their real differ­ence.
  • Chap. 3. &c.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect, 2. Lust the exuberance of idlenesse.
    • [Page]Labour, loves strongest Antidote.
  • Chap. 5, Licurgus his law concerning women.
    • Sect. 3. Lust a soaker of mens estates, and how.
  • Chap. 6. Legerdemain practised by Christ, according to the blasphemy of Marion.
  • Chap. 7. &c.
M
  • Chap. 1.
    • Sect. 2. MInerals juice of hearbs extract their o­perative faculty.
  • Chap. 2,
    • Sect. 2. Mirtha passion most trivial.
  • Chap. 3.
    • Macarius his incomparable abstinence.
    • Museus his mad opinion.
  • Chap. 4. &c.
  • Chap. 5. &c.
  • Chap. 6. &c.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 2. Martyrs bones annually rising in Aegypt on Easter day.
N
  • Chap. 1.
    • Sect. 2. No alterations, transmigrations, or dispersi­ont of our bodies can force us out of Gods Granarie.
  • [Page] Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 4. None ever made so perfect a discovery of mundane vanities as Solomon.
  • Chap. 3. No Drunkard to your English Drunkard.
  • Chap. 4. &c.
  • Chap. 5. New fashions how noxious.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 3. Noahs floud, those that perished therein not capable of a resurrection, according to the Iewish Rabbins.
  • Chap. 7. &c.
O
  • Chap. 1, &c.
  • Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 6. OVr Jouls subject to more diseases then our bodies.
  • Chap. 3. &c.
  • Chap. 4. Orthodox warrant for dancing and kissing.
  • Chap, 5.
    • Sect. 3. Origens observations in his 20 Homily upon Numbers.
  • Chap. 6. Our Saviours a true substantial body.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect, 2. Objects their moving faculty.
    • [Page] Sect. 6. Our Resurrection, whether we shall rise all of one Age.
P
  • Chap. 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2. PHilosophy alone sufficient to save the wiser sort of Heathen, according to some of the Fathers.
  • Chap. 3. Procopius his opinion why Sampson was inhibi­ted the use of wine.
  • Chap. 4. &c.
  • Chap. 5. &c.
  • Chap. 6. Plants their admirable intelligence.
  • Chap. 7. Plato, Plotinus, &c. their conclusion of the soul to be immortal.
    • Sect. 2. Pascasin his holy Well.
Q
  • Chap. 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2. &c,
  • Chap. 3.
    • QVeen Thomiris.
    • Quarrelling the inseparable companion of Drunkennesse.
  • Chap. 4. &c,
  • Chap. 5. &c.
  • [Page] Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 3. Questions of strange consequence by the Jewish Rabbins.
  • Chap. 7. &c.
R
  • Chap, 1. &c.
  • Chap, 2. &c.
  • Chap. 3. Rare examples of temperance, and moderation, instanced in divers holy men.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 3. Reason why the Israelites were enjoyned to wear embroidered fringes on their gar­ments.
  • Chap. 5 &c.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 3. Resurrection of the Children of wicked parents, forbidden by the Rabbins, their rea­son why.
  • Chap. 7.
    • Sect. 6. Resurrection of our bodies, whether it shall be in April early in the morning, or at midnight.
S
  • Chap. 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2.
    • Sect. 2. Sacriledge in any to rob the Heathen of Gods mercy.
    • [Page] Stoicks, their admirable Paradox.
  • Chap. 3. Socrates, his saying.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 2. St. Hieroms saying concerning idleness.
  • Chap. 5. St. Anthonies over nice Decorum.
  • Chap. 6. &c.
  • Chap. 7. Some of the heathen, their excellent notions.
    • Sect. 6. Suarez his opinion.
T
  • Chap. 1. &c.
  • Chap, 2.
    • sect. 2. THe joy of the Angels either essential or accid [...]ental.
  • Chap. 3.
    • The calamitous condition of these times.
    • The story of a Monk tempted by the Dviel.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 2. The golden saying of St. Anthony.
    • Theodorets quere in his questions, &c.
    • Sect. 3. The reason why Alexander having con­quered Darius, would not be drawn to look up­on his daughters.
  • Chap. 5. &c.
  • Chap. 6.
    • Sect. 2. The proportion of our bodies probably [Page] proving the reasonablenesse of our souls.
V
  • Chap. 1. &c.
  • Chap. 2. &c.
  • Chap. 3. VItellius board.
  • Chap. 4.
    • Sect. 4. Vain verses, and Ribauld talk.
  • Chap. 5. Vainness of Women in their Attire.
  • Chap. 6. Vigour cannot be in assum'd or counterfeit bo­dies.
The end of the Table,

[Page 1]DISCOVERIES.

CHAP. I.

That the Angels know, both what hath been, and what is done here on Earth.

SOme of latter times tells us of a wonderfull Glasse, wherein the saints and angels behold what­soever is done, nay whatsoever is thought in the Church be­low. I know not how we may be sure that that Glasse is of Gods making; and if it be not, it must needs be a false one: but if they mean by that glasse, a special Revelation, making known to those blessed spirits whatsoe­ver may redound to the honour of the Trinity by their knowledge, we may safely take them at their words; for though God conceal the works of [Page 2] his goodnesse, mercy, truth, and holinesse already past, I make no question, but his glorious Re­demption, admirable Dispensation, and all other occurrent favours, meeting [...]gether in one center for the good of those appointed to Salvation, have been, and are always revealed to the whole Court of Heaven.

SECT. II.

Whether by the light of Reason onely, Sal­vation may be purchased.

There hath not wanted those, who have perem­ptorily affirmed (an opinion in these our days too much prevaent) That all, of all nations and people shall be saved, and conducted in this manner to heaven, ‘The Jews by Moses, the Christians by Christ, the heathen by Mahomet. As I affirm not that the light of naturall reason is enough to save a man; so on the other side I dare not aver, that none at all were saved till the 15 year of Tiberius; and that heaven was quite shut up till after Christs passion, were an assertion befitting the mouth of Sergius the Maniche, that vouched it against St. Augustine. I conclude that all that died of old, were saved by a prioristical know­ledge of Christ, and that it is at the entrance of the heavenly Jerusalem, as it was at Christ en­trance [Page 3] into Jerusalem below, you shall read that those that went before as well as those that came after, cried, Hosanna to the son of David, i. e. save we pray thee, oh Messiah incarnate.

SECT. III.

The strange opinions of the Iewish Rab­bins, concerning the resurrection; no difficulty therein in respect of God.

Ask the Jewish Rabbins how the Read more of this Cha. 6. §. 3. resurrection of our bodies shall be wrought, and they will tell you of a certain little bone, in spina dorsi, in every mans back, that shall never be subject to any putre­faction, and they will find you text for it too, in 3. 4. Psal. where 'tis said, he keepeth all their bones, so that one of them, unum ex ijs (as they make the Prophet speak) shall never be bro­ken, and this bone, say they, at the last day shall be mollified and softned by a dew from heaven, and it shall swell, as having the nature of Leven, and it shall diffuse its vertue to the collecting of all the dust that belongs to its own body, and so fit and prepare it for a resurrection. I shall not be so audacious as to passe a definitive sentence, or po­sitively to determine how this (to humane reason) incredible resurgation, is effected; I had rather make [Page 4] Ezekiel my Oracle who gives the manner how thus, ‘he shal breath upon the slain, and they shal live.’ Authors of unquestionable repute and dayly experience, informs us, that the juyce of herbs and minerals extract, are of sufficient force to restore sick persons, Apio the Gramarian (Pliny na hist) by the power of Cinocephalia revived Homer; how facile then may we conclude it, for the su­pream Architector and Gubernator of the earth, by his word alone, to actuate an universal resur­rection; and that though the bodies of all man­kind were crumbled into dust, and that dust scatte­red before the wind; or were they distilled into water, attenuated into ayr, or though they were ea­ten by Canibals, and those Canibals devoured by fishes, and those fishes by men again; I say, though they had all these dispersions, and alterations, and transmigrations, yet were they still in the store­house of a powerfull God, to whom the whole world is but as one repository, or larger cabinet, and all the elements but severall drawers in that great frame, and those lesser creatures, the craws of Ravens, bellies of fishes, and intrails of beasts, but as smaller boxes included in the greater, so that wheresoever we shall be laid God will know where to find us; though our bodies may be hid to sense, yet they are not lost to him: he that called us at first out of nothing, can by the same mighty voice raise us again from nothing.

SECT. IIII.

Yet of the same.

The Jewish Rabbins tell us of three keys that God keepeth always in his own hands, the Key of the Womb, whereby he lets us into this life; the Key of the Clouds, by which he nourisheth, and refresheth us with rain; and the Key of the Re­surrection, by which he loseth us from the prisons of death, and gives us entrance into a new life. I willingly grant the Key of the Resurrection, to be in Gods power onely; for Christ is that key Clavis Resurrection is (as Tertullian calls him) he shall open and bring us out of our graves, as the Prophet Ezekiel speaks, The wiser sort of heathens believed a resurrection, and a restitution of our bodies, but then they thought the stars and the Planets (by whose decay and continuance they measured the stability and perpetuity of all sub­lunary things) to be the onely causes of it; and so they ran giddily into Platos circulation of years.

CAAP. II.

That we cannot conscienciously censure the ancient Heathen Sages as damned.

NOt onely St. Chrisostome, but many other of the fathers, have set open a dore for So­crates, [Page 6] Aristotle, &c. to enter into heaven by Philosophy alone, and Causabon in his animad­versions upon Baronius saith, that those places in the fathers, which seem to look that way, are can­dida interpretatione mollienda, to find a favora­ble interpretation with us, since it were not pious in us to improve an uncharitable opinion of them, for their (perhaps) over charitable opinion of the heathen.

As I dare not therefore (with Iustin Martyr) rank Socrates, and Heraclitus in heaven, and as I cannot think Aristotle by writing his books de Coelo, hath himself gained a place there; so nei­ther dare I passe the sentence of eternal damnati­on upon them, it were sacriledge in any man to rob them of Gods mercy, which is over all his works; and who is he that shall presume to set bounds to the overflowing Ocean of his com­passion, to say unto it, thus far shalt thou go and no further; for might not God, for ought we know, reveal unto them this saving knowledge of Christ, in articulo mortis, at the last gasp, and when their own spirit was parting from them, breath his holy spirit into them: those places of Scripture, wherein mention is made of our Savi­ours spoiling of hell, and leading captivity cap­tive, may (perhaps) be understood of his pow­erfull and mercifull delivering, of some of the [Page 7] souls of vertuous Pagans, as of Philosophers, Law-givers, Governours, Kings, and other pri­vate persons, renowned for their wisedome, pru­dence, fortitude, temperance, bounty, chastity, mercy, and generally for their civill carriage, and moral conversation, such as were Hermes, Zoro­astes (however calumniated) Socrates, Homer, Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, Pythagoras, Phocil­lides, Theognes, Epictetus, Cicero, Hercules, Theseus, Cyrus, Solon, Lycurgus, &c.

Sect. II.

That a wise man onely is capable of mirth.

The Stoicks) among many other excellent con­templations) in the discourse of joy, came the nea­rest unto divine truth, when they put a main and reall difference, between Letari & Gaudere, mirth and joy the former is a light and toyish passion, skipping in wanton manner up into the face, the latrer a continual exultation of the soul in the en­joyment of some excellency; mirth is a sudden or short fit raised by some pleasant or ridiculous ac­cident, joy is a setled content, and constant de­light, by the presence of possessed good; mirth is ever in the sensuall appetite, joy is onely in the soul and will: from which inference they drew [Page 8] that admirable Paradox (scoft at by other Phylo­sophers) That a wise man onely rejoyceth truly, though a fool be alwaies more merry. For which St. Augustine found warrant in Scripture, non est gaudium impijs, the wicked can never cordi­ally rejoyce, and he ads the reason, quia effundun­tur, &c. because they are ever restless ever wan­dring from themselves; for it is impossible to find those effects of true joy, satiety, equality, and con­tinuance any where else, but in the object of per­fect goodness; which because no place can afford but heaven, there must this joy be, and no where else.

Sect. III.

How the Angels may be said to rejoice, and the manner of their exultation in Heaven.

The joy of the Angels (whom our Saviour po­sitively affirms to be capable of rejoycing) is either essential or accidental, either in habit or in act; their essential joy is most perfect, eternal without change, without cause of increase or addition, for they behold the presence of God in righteousness, and are satisfied. Psal. 16. 12, and again satisfi­ed by reflex and meditation, on the state of their own happiness, and yet satisfied again and again, [Page 9] in ebriatie sunt ab ubertate donius ejus (saith the Psalmist) & torrente voluptatis sue potavit eos, but their accidental joy that is continually in­creased by the marvellous effects which God dai­ly worketh here in the Church below, their knowledge doth kindle their joy anew, not by adding more fewel, but increasing more flame; the habit of joy in the Angels is the same, inces­sant, immutable, &c, but the act is increased ac­cording as it shall please the most high to impart the measure and present the object, and that (doubtless) he doth most freely to all the Angels.

SECT. IIII.

The vanity of all things terestial; Solo­mon, a true and competent judge of mundane pleasures, and none else.

In the rule of contrarieties, ‘as the folly that) comes from wisedome is most foul, so the wise­dom sprung from folly should be the greatest.’ It was the wisedome of folly which occasioned So­lamons Ecclesiastes, it was written by the Prea­cher, and who could more thorowly make experience of the divers kinds of pleasures and multiplicities of vanities, then a rich com­manding Monarch; Solomon sayled about the whole world of vanities, others had discovered [Page 10] onely some few nooks and bays; God suffered him to run through them a time, till being recal­led he might more fully instill this instruction of wisedome, Vanity of vanities, all is vanity.

SECT. V.

That the world was already in Gods de­cree myriads of years before its crea­ation.

Titus, 1. 2. the Apostle speaks of eternal life which God promised before the world began: some men may perhaps wonder how that could be, when men were not to whom eternall life was to be given? the answer (therefore) must be that this promise or covenant which God made with his son, and with us in him from eternity, is here meant; all the promises of the new Testament are but copies of this original covenant made be­fore the world began, and this is the ground of that spoken, Proverbs, 8. 13. before the moun­tains were brought forth he rejoyced in the ha­bitable parts of the world, and his delight was in the sons of men,

SECT. VI.

How many diseases are incident to the body of man, a parallel of the infirmi­ties [Page 11] of the body with those of the soul.

The body of man is but a weak sconce, Of the body of man. a slight earthwork not above six foot high, thrown upin an instant, & will in a short time (if let alone) moulder away of it self, and yet a wonder it is to see what a number of enemies beleager it on all sides, how many diseases and infirmities it is subject too. If we look into the muster roles, I mean the Physitians books, we shall find them upon Tally no lesse then 6000, so many diseases is the body subject to: and the soul is incident to as many if not more. Now per­haps we are swelled with a Tympany of pride, anon inflamed with a Feaver of lost, by and by besotted with a Dropsie of drunkennesse, after that with a Lethargy of sloth, and then again we pine with a Consumption of envy and malice; Al­mighty God therefore, hath left us his word the holy Scriptures, & appointed us the writings, sen­tences, and axiomes of the holy Councels, fathers, confessours, and martyrs, like an Apothecaries shop (as St. Basil speaks) whence in every chap­ter, in every tract, and in every line, as on so ma­ny shelves, and in so many boxes, there are store of preservatives and remedies.

CHAP. III.

The Luxuriousnesse of the present Age: History of Cyrus: Museus his mad o­pinion: Procopius his reason why Sampson was injoyned not to drink wine: Remarkable story of a Monk: Rules against Ryot.

IF there were ever a time when it was requisite to inveigh against gluttony & drunkenness, cer­tainly it is now; for the older the world grows the more doth singrow upon it, it improves it self dai­ly: where shal we now (especially in this our Bo­rean clime) hear of a Macarius that hath not ta­ken his fill of meat or sleep 20 years? or of such holy men as St. Hierom speaks of, that can be content to live with barley bread and muddle water for a long time, when they might dayly have fed on dainties? or of an Hillarion, such an one as the Ecclesiastiacal history tells us of, that would threaten his body with a Domabo te &c. when he found him beginning to be provender pricked? such rare examples of abstinence and so­briety the primitive time afforded store of.

Now rather on the contrary, we never think we have provisions store enough, unlesse our Kit­chins [Page 13] may vie with Noah's Ark for varicty, and and our Table-cloaths with St. Peters sheet Vi­tellius board, that was furnished at one Feast with 2000. Fish, and twice as many Fowl, may be surpassed by some of our (Westminster) bils of fare, if not for variety, yet expence and costli­nesse; and if at any time exceedings in this kind might be permitted, least of all at this time, the time of war, when widdows weep over the dead bodles of their murrhered husbands, and orphans crying for bread are fed with stones: but these Swine consider not that penury, scarcity and want are ever the companions of war; if that lead up the Van, famine ever follows in the Rear; and indeed what other can be expected, when the plough-share is turned into a sword, and the pru­ning hook into a battel-axe, but empty barns, and lean bellies?

When Cyrus the Persian Monarch entred with his Army the Countrey of the Ama­zons, and Thomiris their Queen with a great Army drew up towards him to give him battel, he caused throughout his Gampe tables to be spread, well furnished with store of meats, and feigns a sudden flight (hearing of the enemis ap­proach) leaving all his provisions behind him; the Amazons upon this drew up to the place, and finding the enemies gone, presently fell to ea­ting [Page 14] and rioting with what they found, till being full fed, and night comming on, slept as securely and soundly as they had eat before; Cyrus in the dead of night drew forth his men from a neigh­bouring wood, where they were hid before, fell upon the Amazons in this security, and utterly defeated the whole army. How easily we are ta­ken with the pleasure of our palate and how dan­gerous they have proved, we may see in our first parents Adam and Eve, the first motive that drew the woman to disobedience to Gods com­mand, was, that the tree was good for sood; her appetite betrayed her soul, and engaged all her posterity to perpetual guilt. Afterwards in the ho­ly seed, we find an Isaac apt to mis-place a bles­sing for a piece of Venison, and his son selling his Birthright for a mesle of broth. Seneca hath told us upon experience, that Multos morbos multa fecerunt sercola, ‘multiplicity of Dishes cause multiplicity of Diseases.’And a greater Philo­sopher then he could set down, that ‘Sicknesses and Infirmities are the natural issues of great entertainments;’ and it is too well known, that Feasts have ever been accounted the Physitians best Friends. More die of eating then fighting: the bellie killeth more the bullet.

To this purpose, it is wittily said in the Italian Proverb, that the Glutton diggeth his [Page 15] grave with his own teeth, is guilty of his own death, & cuts his throat with his knife; our food is our Kitchin-physick given us by God to take every day a competency to keep us alive; let us use it then as Physick, moderately, left our Phy­sick prove our bane, and we be poysoned by our preservative. Rioting and Drunkenness was once reputed the national sin of Germany onely, but if we hold on as we have of late years continued, they are like to lose their Charter, we out go them in their profession: the word Carowse we speak now as naturally as they, and it passes for as good English as ever it was Dutch; it hath made a deluge, and overflowed our whole Land, and yet I cannot see why men should so universally fall in love with it, and so eagerly pursue it, unless they were possessed with the mad opinion Mu­saeus the Poet was once, who thought, the onely fit reward of Vertue to be perpetual Drunken­nesse.

Procopius makes the question why Sampsen had so strict a charge laid on him not to drink wine nor strong drink, nor ony thing that came of the Vine, and he gives this reason for it; Be­cause (saith he) the Holy Ghost knew the natu­ral tempter of Sampson to be so fierce and violent, that if he should at any time enflame it with wine, it might do much mischief to his own peo­ple [Page 16] and friends as well as his foes: And so St. Chrysostome observes in his 26 Sermon, that the unruly servant that beat and wounded his fel­lows, Luke 13. 45. is said to have eat and drank, and to be drunken; and from thence the Father notes, that Drunkennesse is the mother of Quar­rels, such Frays usually ending in bloudshed.

To this purpose, I have read a story; A Monk whom the Devil had often tryed, and could never fasten any thing The Story of a Monk tampted by the De­vil. upon him, at last told him, if he would yeeld but to one vice (and he should take his choice of three) that he would never assaile him more; upon this he yeelded, and of the three that were proposed, viz. Murther, Adultery, and Drunkennesse, as thinking to chuse ex malis minimum, the lesser evil of the three, he was content for once to ouer drink himself: but when he was drunk, he presently lusted af­ter his neighbours wife, and her husband com­ming in, in rage that he was discovered, ran to him and stabbed him, and so in the highest de­gree became guilty of all.’

Socrates passing by a house where he knew a frequent Reveller had lived, and finding it empty, burst out into these words, I ever thought (said he) that this house, always accustomed to so [Page 17] much drinking would at length spew out its owner.

Saint Basil in a Homily of his bemoans a vali­ant souldier and a brave comander in those days, that he saw overcome with drink: Miserum oculis spectaculum (says he) qui terribilis hosti­bus fuerit, &c. it is a miserable sight, a lamenta­ble case to see such a man when drunk made a laughing stock by boys & children in the street, who when he is fresh would strike terrour into his stoutest foe.

It is a vile and pernicious sin in any (I speak it with shame and sorrow having my self been too guilty of ebriety) but more inexcusable in a soul­dier, but most of all in a Commander, for how can he have any comand upon others, that hath none over himself, if a Governour be too good a fellow every one will look to be Tiberius Mero.

Mahomet in his Alchoran to fright his Turks from drinking of wine, ts them, tels them that in every grape there is lodged a Divel. St. Au­gustine in his confessions tels us a passage of his mother Monicha, that being by her maid servant once upbrayded and twitted to her face for bib­bing of wine, which she did rather out of curiosi­ty then pleasure, upon that taunt or reprehension of her fervant, took up a resolution never to drink drop of wine more, which she kept to her dying day.

CHAP. IIII.

Of dancing and kissing the lawfulnesse thereof.

THough I am as much against the abuse of this as any man, yet no man I think that hath read the Scripture, can conclude either of these, kissing or dancing, simply and absolutely in them­selves unlawfull.

For, for the one St. Paul often woos his friends to salute one another with a holy kisse, and it was frequently used all along in the primitive times, as St. Augustine tells us, in reconciliatio­nis charitas laetitia & catholicae veritatis sig­num, as a testimony of reconcilement of our charity and love, of our joy at a meeting after long absence, and of our unity in religion.

And for dancing, if we use it moderately for exercise, &c. there is no fault nor danger in it, though I know it is accounted by some of our straight laced brethren in its best intention, no better then the Divels procession, as they call it, but unbyassed persons know, that many holy men and women practised it in scripture without re­proof, Solomon allows us a time for it, there is a time to dance, saith he, Eccle. 3. nay King Da­vid says, we may praise God in a dance, 149. Psalm.

Sect. II.

Of idlenesse the danger thereof: St. An­thonies Axiome: and Theodorets ex­position on Gen. 1.

Idlenesse is the high road to lust, it is pulvinar libidinis (as St. Hie­rome Of Idle­nesse. calls it) the pillow whereon the unclean spirit delights to rest him, and wantonnesse never thrives so kindly, nor takes root so deeply as in a field that lieth fallow. King David rising from his afternoons nap, walking idlely on his Tarras immediately fell into Adul­tery with Vriahs wise, lust having never so great an advantage over us, as when it finds us sitting still, or doing nothing; Cupid may more easily hit us then, then when we are in motion.

Otia si tollas periere Cupidinis Arcus.
Take away Idlenesse, and never doubt
But Cupids bow breaks, all his lamps go out.

Labour is Loves strongest antidote so that it is ridiculous for a slothfull lazie man to say, if he commit fully, that he was enticed and tempted by the Devils suggestion, or the allurements of [Page 20] the flesh, he is rather the Devils tempter then the Devil his, and doth A sloth full man the De­vils Temp­ter. as much as in him lies tempt a Temptation to seize upon him. Idle­ness (saith the wise son of Sirach) teacheth much evil. And therefore S. Anthony was wont to say. He had never so much need of good mens prayers for A remarka­ble saying of St. An­thonies. him, as when he was going about nothing. And Theodoret raising a Quere in his questions upon Gene­sis, why God should sanctifie and hallow the se­venth day onely, and not any other of the six working days, amongst other reasons he gives this for one; ‘It was (saith he) to intimate unto us, that the se­venth Theodorets o­pinion why God sanctifi­ed the se­venth day. day being a day wherein we are to sit still, and not labor, was a day whereon we were more subject and liable to temp­tation then on other days, and so that day in more danger of prophanation then any work­ing day, and so had more need of a more spe­cial benediction then the rest, from him that is Lord of all days.’

SECT, III.

The Eye, the grand Incendiary to Lust; [Page 21] Eliah 's flight; Alexanders continence; Zeleucus his Law explained; Num­bers 15. 39. explicated.

The eye if it be fixed long on a beautifull ob­ject, like a burning glasse collects the rays of it so strongly, that it sets the soul on fire with the flames of Lust. St. Ambrose in his Tract De fuga saeculi, observes, that The Prophet Eliah feared not to meet & speak face to face with cruel Ahab, 1 Kin. 18. 2. but fled from the face of Jezabel. And the Father saith there, It was for fear lest by the sight of such a tempting woman his eye might convey some loose thoughti into his heart.

And to prevent this treachery of the eye, A­lexander the Great (as Plutarch relates) when he had conquered Persia, would not by any per­swasions be drawn to look upon the beautifull daughters of Darius, lest after his conquest over so many men, he should be brought into the slavery of a woman by his own lust. If the eye be full of adultery, the heart will not be long empty: Mors intrat per fenestras, this way, by the windows of the eye sin entred into the world, and by sin, death. Eve first saw the forbidden fruit that it was beautifull, pleasant, and good for food, and then her desire was tempted to eat of it; When David saw Vriah's wife, he was [Page 22] but one step from the enjoying her.

And upon this ground was it that Zelencus made his Law, That Adulterers should lose both their eys, that having lost their Zeleu­cus his Law. sight, they might for the future the bet­ter keep their chastity; or rather to shew, that since the eye of any of the bodies members is the first incendiary to lust, and the chiefest Pander to uncleanness, that that should be first in the punishment, that was both first and chiefest in the fault.

Almighty God therefore took a care of the Is­raelites that they should have embroydered Frin­ges on their garments to fix their wandring eys on, that they might not gaze and stare about, in Numb. 15. the reason is set down in these ex­press words, v. 39. That you seek not after your own eys, after which you go a whoring.

SECT. IIII.

Obscean talk obnoxius; that it is possible for an Authour to write lasciviously, yet live temperately.

The mischief of wanton talk we have a good (Embleme of in Venus birds the Doves, which some Naturalists say engender at their mouths; it is a sign the pot is hot within if there come such [Page 23] steams from it, the tongue speaks not but from the abundance of the heart; let the Poet plead in desence of his loose verses, of his ribald talk, or his reading or singing lascivious songs, and vainly think his life nevertheless may be thought modest, he will find but few to beleeve him, he shall ne­ver perswade the world but that they must needs be ulcered Lungs from whence comes such putrid Spittle: Yet I dare not conclude it impossible (for in so doing I should sin against the clear and destinate light of knowledge, and my own experi­ence) that a Poet may write lasciviously (and that at the height) and yet his thoughts remain spotless, and his actions proclaim him truly chast; so exactly can man play the Pretens, and so fa­cilcly practise a disguise.

CHAP. V.

Pride in whom, and how far tollerable; the plainness of the Spartan women, &c.

IF Lot will avoid the sin of Sodom he must not depart from the City onely, but the Region round about it too, the over curious dresling and adorning the body, when we rake our brains and wrack our wits, and grow old in the search of a new fashion, the pleating the hair, and painting the face, as it were laying an ambush in our locks [Page 24] to catch our lovers, are but as so many baits for lust to nibble at, in women scarce tollerable, in men monstrous, or although we grant this in ei­ther sex, but a sin of the lesser size, yet a raisin stone or a hair may choak as well as a bone, and a young thief may creep in at a window & open the dore for sturdier rogues to rob the house, it is dangerous anchoring near a Rocky shore, and no safe riding by the brink of a downfall. Ioseph therefore fled from his mistress, and left his gar­ment behind him; but why did he leave his gar­ment in her hand, and did not rather, being in all likelihood stronger then a weak and wanton woman, extort and force it from her? Oh (saith St. Ambrose) if he had come so near as to have strove with her or touched her, he might perhaps have gained his coat, but he had been in danger to have lost his innocency: 'tis storied of S. An­thony that he the better to preserve his chastity, would never endure so much as to see himself na­ked: in Sparta there was no uncleanness or adul­tery committed, and the reason is given by the Historian, that in Lyourgus his time women were limited to a plain and homely attire, &c. Seneca observes, that lust is easier kept out, then cast out; gay attire is at best but the bawd to Ve­nus, and therefore the way to be sure not to come into the house is to resolve never to set foot over the threshold.

SECT. II.

Yet of the same; the story of Dambo the devout Hermit.

I have read that once when the Capitoll was besieged, the Roman women for a shift took their own hair, and made strings for the mens crosse­bows; I would the lovely females of our time would put their hair to no worse imployment, by curling and brayding it, so that us fit for no­thing but to make strings for Cupids bow.

It is recorded in the Tripartite history of one Dambo an Hermite, who being sent for by A­thanasius to Alexandria, comming from the wil­dernesse where he had long lived, and entring in­to the City, he espied a woman passe by him in a very spruce and wanton dresse; the good man fell presently a weeping, and being asked the rea­son, he said, he wept for two things; ‘first for the danger that womans soul was in; secondly for himself, what a vile wretch he had ever been, that never used so much care and diligence to please his God, as that woman did dayly to please her wanton lovers.’

SECT. III.

The modesty of the Scriptures: Of the I­dol [Page 26] Baal-peor: Why the Heathen pain­ted their lascivious God and Godnesse naked.

The Schoolmen or Cafuists do assign six speci­cies or principal kinds of unlawful executing our lusts, as by Fornication, Adultery, Incest, Sodomy Self-defiling, &c. Almighty God knew wel e­nough of how combustible a matter our flesh was composed and how ready and apt we were to be set on fire with obscean words, and there­fore throughout the whole body of Scripture, where occasion is to speak of our unclean parts, the holy Ghost ever as it were casts a veil over them, and shadows them by some figurative ex­pression, as in one place they, are called our flesh, in another our feet, in another our shame, in ano­ther place our wickednesse, and that, piantiphra­sin, because they should not be naked.

Nay, the very Hebrew language which is cal­led not onely the holy, but lingua pudica the mo­dest tongue, in the Hebrew I say there is no pro­per word to signifie any such thing insomuch that Origen in his 20 Homily upon Numbers, speak­ing of the Idol Baalopeor, [...]n Idol of the Midi­anites that was chiefly ador'd by the women, he says, that when he had searched into the Hebrew for the original of that name he could find none, [Page 27] save onely that it signified a kind of filthy lustful act, and no more was to be found in the Rab­bins of the sense of that word; I suppose they forbare to say more of it, to set down plainly what it signified, more out of modesty then ignorance, not that they could not, but because they would not for shame, least they should at once instruct their Readers and infect them; and for this very cause it is that the sin of Sodomie hath no name, but is by the Schoolmen called Mutum pecca­tum; the sin not to be spoken of.

The Heathens always painted their lascivious God and Goddess naked, not so much to shew forth the provocations of lust; but that letchery will leave lustfull people naked. And this was ty­pified of old in Dalilah, Sampsons mistress, that carryed poverty in her very name, for so (I am told) by interpretation doth the word signific in the Original tongue.

And as lust soaks out ones estate, so it impairs the honour and the credit and repute of a man, however some brag and boast of it, and some great ones that I know in the world (as if they had the Monopoly of lust to themselves as of o­ther things) stile it Maguatum ladere, the Grandees recreation. But Dionysius the elder of Sicily gave his son a good caveat to this purpose, when he had reproved him for being too much [Page 28] addicted to women, asking him whether he had seen him his father do so before him? No (said the son) but you father were not the son of a Prince as I am. True (quoth Dionysius) I was not indeed the son of a Prince, and I fear if you follow on these lewd courses, your son will not be the son of a Prince neither: meaning his people would not suffer him ever to enjoy the Crown.

Add to this the rottennesse that it brings to the bones, the ulcers that it breeds in the flesh, the untimely disloving of the Lust how destruc­tive to Life. whole frame of nature, forcing the soul out of dores before its time, We read that our father Abraham, Gen. 25. li­ved 175 years, and that his Grand-child Jacob lived but 147 years, and no more, Gen. 48. but Isaac lived 180 years, longer then either of the other; and the reason is conjectured at by one of the Fathers to be, because Isaac was but the hus­band of one wife, but the other two had many wives; because one was more chast and abstemi­ous in the use of women then the rest.

CAAP. VI.

Of Manicheus and Marion, who allow our Saviour onely a fantastical seeming Body.

THose Scepticks in Theologie, Manicheus and Marion, those two exquisite Traytors, who far out-stript Iudas, he sold but his Masters life, but these begin where he left, and rob him of his body. Belike they thought the Virgin was purposely overshadowed to bring forth a sha­dow; or else that themselves might appear to be saved, they would have Christ to be a meer apparition. If so be that he was nothing but a dream, it was a fit season for Nicodemus to come to him by night, the Jews were still in a slumber, the Pharisees disputed with him in their sleep, and we our selves have not shaken of the same nap since. I confesse the eye may be often gull'd with her object, yet it cannot passe for cur­rant, that he that made the eye would delude it, and walk in the Visor of a body 30 years; the Prophets, Kings, & Patriarchs might have spared their longing, who beheld his Idea, and so en­joyed their wish in conceiving it. It is no bold conjecture, to think that so many eyes were o­pened to assure the touch of the opener, and as [Page 30] many ears unlocked, that more then faith might come by hearing: the knowledg of him also came this way, for the word being made flesh was known by his voice, and he that spake as never man spake, could he be thought an Eccho? if his words cannot witnesse a mouth, his food and tast may; from the Dug to the Vinegar he conversed with man, eating and drinking to the imputation of Gluttony: nor was he onely outwardly soci­able as the Angels were, hunger and thirst set an edge to his appetite, his natural heat conquered this nourishment and confessed it by his growth: Bodies assumed or counterfeit have their perfecti­on in the cradle, and as they need no supply, so they thrive not by meat: If Christ were an emp­ty shape, it will sound as impossible for Simeon to embrace air, as for air to support that massie burthen; our Saviour from Simeons arm-full waxed tall enough to bear his own Crosse.

Thomas the Proverb of Unbelief, desired no more warrant then the trial of a Touch, a sense so corporeal, that plants themselves shrinking from a light finger, seem in this kind as appre­hensive as man: no sense pleads more for the solidity of Christs Body then the sense of Feel­ing.

SECT. II.

The most material objection against the reality of Christs body answered of the two senses seeing, and feeling. Apol­linarius error.

The example of Iacobs couzenage, whose hands gainsaid his voice, might afford some pre­tence of staggering, but when all are knit in a mu­tual testimony, as well of themselves as the truth, he that denies it, is lesse ingeni­ous then the confessing Divels. The Manithees and Marionits lesse ingenious then the Di­vels.

St. Paul could questionlesse have verified his humanity by more essential properties then his figure, Phil. 2. 8. found in fashion like a man, but none so obvious and fa­miliar as the common objects of those two tru­sty senses, the eye, and the touch, whose easie in­telligence, though it pitch first on the outward surface, it rests not there, but ushers our view to the whole draught and inward Table of man, the beauteous variety of usefull Organs, the regular property of limbs, commended by a streight and comely posture, promise at first sight, a soul an­swerable to her province, and a master not un­like so fair a lodging, such a house were too good for a meaner guest then a reasonable soul, and too bad for a better, Apollinarius matching the flesh [Page 32] and the Godhead in one compound gives not our Saviour the fashion of a man but of a body, and by over advancing the happy estate of the flesh, makes us all loosers in the soul.

SECT. III.

Who shall be saved, and who not (as be­ing not capable of a resurrection) ac­cording to the Iewish Rabbins; St. Cy­rils exposition.

Some have had the confidence (and that of late years) to question, whether at the day of doom all mankind universally shall be capable of a resur­rection or not? the Jewish Rabbins say that they shall not; one of them saith, that those that peri­shed at Noahs floud, shall not be partakers of the resurrection, another will not allow the children of unbeleeving parents any share in the resurrection, least (forsooth) their Parents might receive any comfort by it; a third thinks the re­surrection belonged to Israel, and not to Gentiles at all a fourth excepts against them four too, viz. Bilha, Iacobs concubine that lay with Reuben Doeg that caused Saul to slay Abimelech and the Priests, Geheza and Achitophel; but St. Paul is peremptory against all such vain excep­tions, in the 3 Chap. ad Cor. he saith expressely. [Page 33] as in Adam all died, so in Christ shall all be made alive, all the wicked as well as the just. all shall rise from their graves, but not all to glory, the wicked shall not stand All shall rise the wicked as well as the Godly in judgement (saith David) or else they shall appear in judge­ment (saith St. Cyril) but not stand in it, i. e. they shall be cast and overthrown in it.

CHAP. VII.

How far the ancient Heathen might go by Philosophy onely.

THe wiser Heathen by Phylosophy and the scale of the creatures, ascended so high as to the knowledge of one supream Deity, this the course of nature taught them; for indeed the whole world is nothing else but a commentary or pa­raphrase of the Deity, howbeit many of the Hea­then instead of knowing God by his works, mi­stook many of his works for their Gods.

But though some of them might discover by the works of the creation a supream Deity, yet they could not discern any saving power by that perspective, or if they did is was but obscurely, as wrapt up and involved in the notion of a com­mon providence, as beleeving one supream God, [Page 34] and that God to be just, and so a rewarder of those that did well; but of the son of God to be incarnate, and to die in satisfaction for their er­rours and transgressions, of this for ought we know they had not the least knowledge at all.

However for the resurrection of bodies, Plato, Plotinus, Virgil, &c. positively conclude, that the soul is immortal, and capable of eternal blifle or everlasting torture; and therefore Overton and his adherents, who so strenuously and blas­phemously attempt to prove the soul dies with the body (Overton having divulged a book to that purpose) may be reputed worse then Heathen. That the bo­dies Overtons book of the mortality of the soul. of all mankind may arise, I thus prove by natural reason.

SECT. II.

The general resurrection of bodies at the last day, proved possible by natural rea­son.

What else doth the night in her black mantle with all those stars as so many torches attending her, but proclaim the last days funerall which the next morning revives again, I may instance in Quick silver, which though you moulder into drops no bigger then Attoms, it naturally unites [Page 35] its parts together again, and resumes its old form. I might instance the silk-worm or Phoenix, which is ipsi sibi proles suus, &c.

I could speak likewise out of Iosephus of Pas­casin his Holy well, that fils of it self every Ea­ster day; and of the annual rising of certain Mar­tyrs bones in Aegypt: but I should be too prolix. Take therefore a brief of all from St. Augustine: Tota mundi administratio futura Resurrectio­nis testimonium est; The whole course of na­ture is nothing else but a testimony and mani­festation of the Resurrection.

That Christ is risen from the dead is an Arti­cle of our Belief. Fundatissimi fidiae, &c. a well grounded principle in our Christianitie, that now after so many years growth needs no prop to sup­port it; nor can we confirm it by the creation of any new Arguments, but onely by the resurrec­tion and reviving of the old. Let it be given out that his Disciples came by night, and stole him away while they slept, none but a besot­ted Jew, given over to believe lies, can The Jewes contra­dict them­selves credit it; for if the Watchmen were a­sleep how could they tell that his Disci­ples stole him [...]? if they were nor asleep, why would they suffer his Disci­ples to steal him.

And besides, who can beleeve that his Disci­ples, [Page 36] a poor disconsolate and forsaken company, Doves under the tallons of the Jewish Vultures and Romane Eagles, should adventure upon a guarded Sepulcher, to brave a band of armed Souldiers? Can you think, that they who before he was crucified stole for fear themselves away, would now adventure to steal him away? that they that could not watch with him before one hour at prayer, should now watch whole nights to steal his body from the Grave? And if they had stollen him, what did they expect, but a body as dead and livelesse as their own hopes? Thus when such strange impossibilities are brought to back it, a lie doth confute it self, and blinded malice helpeth to establish & confirm the truth; nor by such forgeries as these is our Belief a­ny whitshaken, but rather ratified and confirmed.

But (and this is the main Objection of our present Sadduces) an exemplary cause is not e­nough, this demonstrates neither a power nor a will in Christ to do it; a pattern cannot raise me: I may have the Map or the Copy of the Universe, yet by that Map, by that Copy not be able to make another: I may see the picture of Christr Resurre­ction upon a wall, but that will no more raise me then it will make me valiant to read of Hannibal, Caesar, Alexander. Objects have a moving and attracting power in them, but no forcing casualty; [Page 37] the heavens are a fair sight, but they cannot make a blind man see; no more can a bare pattern raise a dead man from the Grave.

I Answer.

That besides this, there is a proper efficacy in Christ, an Influence distilling from him the head to us the members, a dew on our souls, and a dew on our bodies, such a dew as will make a withered soul and a dead bodie revive again.

Our Saviour who raised himself from his Mo­nument, shall be the cause of our Resurrection; he is the root, we are the branches, if the root live, the branches will spring forth; and it is no absurd conclusion, he is risen, and therefore we shall rise; Christs resurrection and ours are links of the same chain, pull one and all will follow: if there passed such a power from his cloaths, why not such a power from his resurrection? Now Christ, who had depositum carnis nostrum (as Tertullian saith) by raising up himself, hath given us a pledge and an assurance that he will us raise also, so that he may raise in us a belief and an assurance of it, he hath given us many types and emblemes of it in the book of Nature; it is writ in every field we walk in: Consider the Lillies, and al flowers, how they die and grow fresh again; corruption is the chiefest cause of their continuance: the earth also receives not the seed, but to restore it again.

Sect. III.

That the Angels are always conversant with us here below, &c.

St. Paul, though he gave a sufficient reason for the covering of women in the Church, be­cause of the Angels and their reverence; for they are every where, they pitch round a­bout us: Yet if our eys were opened (like Gods servant) or closed up either That the Angels are al­ways conver­sant with us. in a holy dream (like Iacob) we should behold them ascending and descending; descending from the Presence-Chamber of the great King, and ascending up with our requests; again descending to com­fort our desires, to illuminate our understand­ings. Inter sunt Cantantibus adjunt Oranti­bus in sunt Meditantibus (saith St. Bernard) When we sing, they make up the Quire with us; when we offer up our Orisons, they hover about us, &c. and which is more, they joyn in the first Petition of the Lords Prayer with us.

Sect. IIII.

The equality of Gods Iustice observable; many instances out of Scripture and o­ther Authors.

It is usuall with Iehovah to sute and propor­tion the punishment according to the offence of the sinner, that many times, the judgement is but as it were an anagram of the sin, so that you may easily read the offence in the punishment. God doth retalliate to sinners, pay them (as we say) in their own coin. The Aegyptians they drown all the males of the children of Israel, and they themselves, their master Pharaoh, and all his host perish in the red sea. Corah, Dathan, and A­biram, opened their mouths against Moses and Aron, the Lords anointed King and Priest, and the earth presently opened her mouth and swal­lowed them up, Sodom burned with unnaturall lust, and they were burned up with fire; that a shower of brimstone should descend from above, and a shower of fire from that which is natural­ly water, that hell it seif should come down from heaven, is a prodigie onely exceeded by the sin that caused it.

Adombezek that had taken the 70 Kings and barbarously cut of their great toes, had his own toes cut off soon after, and it wrung from him this expression, As I have done so hath God requited me, Iudg, 1. 7.

Because Moab burned up the bones of the King of Edom, therefore God burnt up Moab. And the Jews that bought Christ of Iudas for [Page 40] thirty pence, at the sacking of Jerusalem by the Roman Emperour Titus, 30 of them were sold for a peny.

Herodias that by her lascivious dancing pro­cured Herod to cut of St. Iohn Baptists head, had her own head cut off by the breaking of the ice, as she passed over a river. Nicephorus Ec­cles, Hist. lib. 1. chap. 20.

Hatto that mercilesse Bishop of Ments, who set fire on his barn, where many poor people were congregated to get relief for their hunger, and burned them up like Vermine, was himself followed with troops and armies of mice and rats, who found him out though immured in a strong Castle, seated in the midst of a river, and falling on him devoured him to the bones; Munster relates he story at large in the third book of his Cosmo­tgraphy.

SECT. V.

Concerning Christs resurrection, two Queres.

For Christs resurrection whether when he rose his humane soul, came and united it self to the body by its own motive faculty, or else assisted by the power of the Deity.

Whether his body penetrated the Tomb­stone, or whether the Angels, that removed it [Page 41] were ministerial in it, and furtherers of his Resur­rection?

SECT. VI.

Enquiries in referrence to our own Re­surrection, &c.

For our own Resurrection, Whether we shall not rise all of one age, about 32, which we have good ground to think; because it is said in Ephes. 5. Till wee come to the measure of the Age of Christ?

Whether in our Resurrection, our hair and our nails that have been cut, whether those excre­mentious parts shall not rise with us?

Then for the time of the Resurrection, Whe­ther it shall be in April, as Athanasius thinks, in his sixth Homily? and for the time of the day, Whether it shall be early in the morning, which we have cause to think, because Christ rose at that time? or in the middle of the night (as St. Hierome thinks) because Christ ('tis said) shall come as a Thief in the night: and as St. Ambrose collects from those words, viz. In that night two shall be lying in one bed, &c.

Then for the place where we shall be raised, whether in the valley of Megiddo where Ieho­saphat fell, as the Rabbins think; or at least in [Page 42] some part of the Holy Land; the reason (per­haps) why Ioseph and the Patriarchs were so so­licitous to have their bones carried from Aegypt, and other places to be buried there,

Then whether we shall rise naked or cloathed, which we may justly dispute, because the seed that springs up is covered with a husk?

Whether God will not use the help of the An­gels in raising us? whether they shall gather our bones and dust together (as Suarez thinks) and we have some ground to beleeve, because 'tis said in the Parable of the Sower, The Angels are the Reapers, and they shall separate the wicked from the just.

Lastly, when we rise, whether there shall be any distinction of Sexes, Male or Female a­mongst us. Scotus thinks there shall not; and perhaps that Text may intimate as much, where it is said, There is no Marrying, nor giving in Mar­riage; but we shall be like the Angels of God.

A SERAPHICK RHAPSOD …

A SERAPHICK RHAPSODY ON The Incarnation, the Progression, And the PASSION OF Iesus Christ.

By SAMUEL SHEPPARD.

LONDON: Printed by B. Alsop, MDCLII.

A SERAPHICK RHAPSODIE On the Passion of Christ.

CHrist comming to write our ac­quittance with his bloud, knew well that humility would suit best with the head, when the body was sick with pride, He bowed the Heavens and came down, i, e, the honour of his Godhead was not put off by cloathing it with rags of flesh; from his birth to his burial reacheth the humiliation of his manhood, never ceasing till his head was thrown under earth his footstool. Thus his passi­on [Page 46] began in the stable, where he was no sooner born, but the Creed immediately tels us he suffer­ed; the bloud of his circumcision was but so many warning drops of this great shower in his passi­on; and whereas others were born to live, his one­ly errand was to die: to this end he villified him­self, being brought up in poverty, ranked with the meanest, no companion but for Publicans and Sinners, never taken notice of by the chiefer sort. The Jews grossly expected the Messiah in world­ly pomp, as if God would be known by his cloaths, such is the Sorcery of bewitching Mam­mon, that a gawdy traine would have gone fur­ther with them then a miracle: but doth any come to Petition in State, or to beg in robes? humility was the right garb of Christs intendment; for none can vault or mount himself without shrink­ing his joints, none can raise another unlesse he stoop to do him courtesie; the surest building hath the lowest foundation, and Christ our Corner­stone, our strong Tower whereby we ascend in­to heaven, must be first deep layed in the bowels of the earth.

In the eye of man Christ humbled himself, but the object of his obedience was God, whether active in fulfilling the law, or passive in bearing the punishment for the law: this latter obedience neither contradicts his equality with the father, [Page 47] nor his willingnesse in suffering for his brethren, because an equal may be sent by his equal, perfor­ming the task undertaken by his own consent: the Heathen superstitiously thought it ominous when the Oxe was not half a Priest, not religiously bowing his neck to the stroke; Christ then could be no gratious sacrifice unlesse his bloud was sent out as willingly as it was cruelly drawn, Obedi­ence is better then sacrifice, but sacrifice with o­bedience is far better; both which were gently u­nited by our Saviour, who voted his death, presen­ted his person, and quietly admitted violence, as much without the assailers compulsion as his own command, witnesse his injoyning the peace to his followers, the Host of Angels shall have no watch-word (for they were the taller souldiers) because he will not be rescued from surprizing mi­series; Peter shall not perswade, nor the Jews work him out of his peremptory resolution: De cruce non vult descendere, qui potuit de morte resurgere (saith St. Augustine,) he will not keep himself alive that can rise being dead: others as they are not born when they will, so neither can they die when they will; Voluntary expence of life is but a glorious murther, and so the ex­ample of Christs death might bring us thither from whence the benefit redeems us: but our Sa­viour having life in his own dominion, had pow­er [Page 48] to lay it down, & power to take it up again, no man took it from him, he layed it down of himself John, 10 18. so that Pilate's arrogance herein was much out, who had no authority to condemn, but from the person condemned: where­fore that perplexed and passionate Pilate re­luctancy but an ambush to the Divel. reluctancy of his appetite, was but an bush to the Divel, and to Christs o­bedience a Trophey; for as the one would not scarce have ventured with­out imitation, so the other could not have con­quered without opposition. The fire of virtue having not matter to scedon, will die of idleness; passion augments the liberty of the wil, whose ac­tive courage runs best w th fetters, & most declares her magnanimity in a stiff contradiction. Christ therefore whose Ely took our infirmities, was freely troubled, both for the greater proof of his manhood, and greater victory, nay valour was here the cause of fear, and all these unwilling mo­tions proceed of very willingness, neither can af­fections being naturall powers be made unlawful by workings but over-masterings, and these infe­rior orbs of the soul may enjoy their proper course, so they turn with the swinge of ther prime mover, not spurning at the wills, decrees: Isaack may ask his father where is the Lamb (for inno­cency cannot die without a word,) and our Sa­viour [Page 49] may well begin his prayer with an If, but the conclusion is absolute, the cup shall not passe from him, and I likewise will pass to it.

The soul her self (though impenetrable) must not scape, which being the original womb of Dis­obedience in us, first returns his paenal Obedience in Christ the very Qualm & seisure of his Agony was heavier then unto Death, whose pangs were known before they were felt, known & augmen­ted by that accurate apprehension, which in the heat of his fit made the soul work more upon the body, then the body wrought afterwards upon the soul. For how sharp was the conflict! O how was the soul preserved when the body was forced to rain blood! when every Pore gasped as if the soul meant to follow, and he to die as often as it had places to expire at! Indeed well it might; for this single Death was conceived as a multitude of Deaths, a Death for those that died before and after. Behold a ghastly sight; for he that never committed one sin, to be charged with so many heaps of sin, whose load could not chuse but be the heavier, because Innoccency lay under and came so near to Guilt as to be punished; the Cup of sower Grapes mixed with those thoughts, burst out into billows of Sweat, so that Floods ran over him, Psal. 69. Oh what bleeding was within, when it streamed so without▪ never was [Page 50] such a Sweat because never such a Cause; no such heat but that of Hell. Sin being the Fewel of both: by whose vehemency each Pore became an Eye, and each Member wept, that by the tears of his whole body, the whole body of his Church might be cleansed; and yet his sufferance swells to the largest extent of Obedience, exercised in sundry torments by all persons upon his parts; Friend and Foe, Jew and Gentile, King, Priest and People, all joyn against him, in the Front of which conspiracy comes Judas, a Wolf trained up in the school of a Lamb, with a Kisse; Was e­ver such a salutation between God & the Devil? with a kisse doth this courteous blood-sucker kil his Masters Traytor, Dost thou so kisse the Son lest he be angry? Well; take thy leave Judas, never shalt thou come so near again; this hang­ing about Christs neck, shall cost thine own a worser hanging, whilest Heaven and Earth, for betraying him that came from both, shall with vengeance thrust thee from them, and leave thy Carcasse to thy new Master the Prince of the Aire.

It could not chuse but make his Enemies bold to see his Disciple so cruel, who now prepare to kill the true Passeover, though not for their own, but our eating; the seed of Abraham came out with Bills and Staves to take him, who came [Page 51] down from Heaven to take the seed of Abra­ham; and violently attach him with their hands, whom they could not apphehend with their hearts: They take him, but as Sampson was taken by the Philistines, to the losse and ruine of themselves; both felt the God of Israel when they held him in bondage; both smarted under their prisoner: By tying his hands which might have loosed theirs, they tied themselves in a dou­ble knot; but that hindred not his proceeding, who through Adams captivity through a rash freedome, regained us liberty with a deliberate captivity: Thus with bonds of liberty he travelled to Caiphas, a man that went for a High Priest, but first, Murther must call in Annas, his reverend Father-in-Law, that so the generation of Vipers might be more allied in bloud. After Annas, Cai­phas with good manners may be avillain; a zea­lous counterfeit, who having with deep conjurati­on wrung out the truth, accuseth God himself of Blasphemie: The watch word being given, the ser­vants are diligent in reviling him that never spake amiss, they blind his eys, & challenge a Prophesie, that so they might prove him a Seer, by making him not to see; they pluck off his hair, Esay 5. 6. that no hair of us might perish, threshing his cheeks with buffets, wherein our offences have a hand: Yet to all these reproaches he sets his [Page 52] face at a flint, Esa. 5. 6. as flint indeed, from whence those smiters smore fire for their own Damnation. The night being spent with those hellish Pastimes, they benight the Day with Ac­tions of Darknesse; their fury hurries him to Pi­late, where the Scribes ommitting Blasphemie as an idle brangling before a secular Judge object him a Traytor against the God Caesar; this kil­ling Plea they keep till last, and make it the first Argument of his guilt, that They brought him, as if their infallible Chair could neither erre nor slander, whereas affectors of credit are most com­monly Liars; these holy Murtherers though by no meanes they will enter the Judgement Hall, because of the Passeover, nor be defiled with a place of bloud; yet with a clear Conscience they prosecute that deed which defiles the place. Pi­late espying their malice, makes a friend of a bad office, shifts him over to Herod. This King was more like a Courtier then himself, a most Herod his Cha­racter. curious piece of Vanity, who after some discourse of stately impertinency, would fain have God recreate his Highnesse with a Mi­racle: Behold a Miracle of Patience, Our Savi­our returns him and his scoffs not so much as a word; Silence is the best reply to a A spea­king si­lence. Babler, which both secretly darts at the Conscience of the Adversary, and re­tains [Page 53] the station of Meeknesse. Our Saviour was often dumb as a Lamb, his dumbnesse now hath made him white as a Lamb: for Herod mocking him with a white Robe, as a Candidate or suitor onely for a Kingdome, unwillingly de­ciphers his integrity in its true colours; thus atti­red, he is tosled back again like a Tennis-ball to Pilate, where death is little, unlesse an odious comparison with Barrabas kill him double; this of the two is the Goat, which to the utter pollu­tion of the Dismissers is set at liberty, Gen. 16. and the destroyer of the living is thought more worthy of life then he that raised their dead. Pi­late being weary of being just against the stream, delivers him to the place of crucifying to be scour­ged by souldiers, a punishment ordained by the Romanes for small offences, as the Axe for capi­tal: But Christ, who suffered for our slips as well as for our crimes, endured not onely the Crosse, but scourging, a punishment most suitable to the nature of sin, whereof any Act, though ne­ver so little, makes as many breaches in the Law is the lash imprints in the body. When the whip had launced our Saviours flesh, their own humour (bad Commands are still over-done) proceeds to scorn him in state, and inviting the multitude to their pettulant fury; they repeat what was done last night with advantage, with [Page 54] thorns they crown his head, not remembring the Parable of Jotham, that fire might come out of the Bramble. All Crowns are thornie, and the Heathenish Sacrifices used to be crowned; but when this Sacifice of Jew and Gentile is crown­ed with thorns, when his head is tyed in the thic­kets, is not this the Oblation that was slain for I­saac and all the flock of the Faithfull? Next in ridiculous honour they invest him in a Purple garment: Why should their spight be at such charges? the white Robe now clapt on his blee­ding Members, would soon take the dye of a bet­ter Purple. But to make him a compleat mock-Emperour, with bended knees they gave him a Reed for a Scepter. Innocent King, herein thy obedience is most remarkable; for whereas other members were meerly passive, here the hand was made an instrument of its own shame; the Ree [...] dashed against thy head, shews thy sufferings to be the doings of thy own Scepter. In this variety of torments, I find no women save onely one, whom the Devil to preserve his old slight of tempting had set on Peter: Eve, the cause of all, had done enough already, and such hands were to weak for the Jews hate, which required the utmost vigour of bloody souldiers: but out Saviour having tyred them also, Pilate, who thought it mercy to use him thus cruelly, presents [Page 55] him in his wofull formalities to move compassi­on, Behold the man; alas, alas the King, is this a Competitioner for a Caesar? they like hounds having fastened upon the prey, and comming a­gain to full gaze, yell out with full cries, Crucifie him, Crucifie him: Since then Iustice is turned to a cry, Esay 3. I appeal to you, behold the man, a man so torn in all his parts, that no part can be known by it self, but by the property of its torture; Behold his head tented with thorns, his cheeks macerated with buffets, his face che­quered with blood and spittle, his hand behold with a Reed, his back plowed over with stripes: O that ye would behold what words hath stoun­ded his ears, what swords have passed through his soul; shall yet the spear rip up his side? shall yet the nail pierce his feet? shall this man be crucified? Behold him again, and then behold your selves, how many Jews are in each of you, since each of you have procured al these outrages; hear the cry of your selves, Crucifie him, Cruci­fie him; well, if he must die, if the same Judge having thrice pronounced him innocent, must in the same breath condemn Christ and himself, his willingnesse is as ready as the necessity is urgent; let him become obedient unto Death, Phillip. 2. 8.

But could the Creatot die, and be brought [Page 56] himself so near that nothing out of which he brea­thed all things? No Death being onely a Divorce of the natural parts could not separate the God­head, the man onely died, the person was but in a sound, the commerce and influence of the whole Divinity, like the Spirits in a falling Dis­ease, did not vanish, but retire; that astonishing voice, My God, my God, why hast thou for saken me? infers no more: For how should God and Man be accorded by him who suffered a dis-uni­on of God and Man in himself? all this was but a sharp pull of his former Agony, where an Au­gel did then chear him, but now he is forsaken of all induring the height of Anguish in the end of Life, that we might receive the greater com­fort in the point of Death: And hereby he gives his enemy the fiercest blow at last, while he stretcheth himself, and roars over the prey, as it became the Lion of the Tribe of Juda. But what had Death to do to punish, when Bap­tism had nothing to wash [...] his seeming contradiction is the main thing of our Salvation. For if Death be the wages of sin, and sin be not in Christ, it remains that our sins put him to death, which he discharges as a Surety, not as a Debter. Adams Disobedience in the easiest Command, is recompenced by Christs Obedi­ence in the hardest Injunction; for Obedience [Page 57] consisting in the renowning our selves, is most e­minent in Death.

There is a Death in Death which makes it more then Death, the Jews malice and our Sa­viours obedience are well met to entertain it, both which emulate each other; So habituate and ob­durate themselves, that they forgetting their Splcen, may now beleeve they do justice; and Christ, were he any besides himself, might think he died deservedly: Could any Tyranny have startled his Obedience, the Crosse had done it, whose gripes are implyed to be infinite, while their Eury is here matched as an even measure with the Patience of God. Behold yee that passe by; Was ever sorrow like this sarrow? Jer. 1. 21. A sorrow that might be felt by look­ing on, felt by that which had no feeling: The Earth was moved at his constancy, it fell a shaking when his hands were Why the Earth shook at our Savi­ours Passi­on. fastened, it reeled and staggered when it missed his feet whose touch suppor­ted it: One timely wound at the heart had been a friendly murther: But when all the extream parts are beset with distinct killings, yet none so kind as to dispatch him, when the nail onely tortures, not destroy­ing the part, but deading the sense making Death live, the Crosse it self must needs be the onely [Page 58] Pulpit to expresse Anguish. But why all these stations? Tardiora sunt remedia quem mala; It is easier to spill then to gather, to marre then to mend.

In mans creation and fall, God and Divels were quick at work: but when it comes to re­demption, how many premises? how many ages of expectance? what growth? what preparation? what lingring execution must joyn to finish the Sacrifice? for should our Saviour have made hast in his task, it would have filled us with wonder rather then thanks, and would have relished more of power then love: but great must his love be when he dwels on his pain, when he de­lights in sorrow, and huggs it instead of them he loves.

Whilest his body was thus afflicted, the Jews took care that his soul should not be idle, who provided a punishment mixed with as much shame as smart; for although the Crosse had ne­ver been made infamous by the communion of Slaves yet how shamefull it was, might be read in his own countenance, the seat of shame: he enjoy­ed not here the priviledg of others, Death the face was covered with nothing but shame, and to its greater confusion, it beheld the bodies nakedness; the first object of shame, not in secret as our first Parents did, but before a cloud of insulting scorn­ers, [Page 59] such as durst mock him when he was clad in purple: it is true our Saviour had no cause of shame in himself yet Innocency may be dipt in a blush as well as guilt, not for any conscions ground in its own bosome, but a timerous sus­pition of sinister thoughts in others; which made the Sun remember its duty in cloaking him from shame, who cloathed it with light, & seaso­nably denying his beams in a time unseasonable, The Statists of the Synagogue well knew what they ask'd when they they ask'd for a crucifying; in death they stroke at his life, in the death of the Crosse they aimed at his name, they that hated his Doctrine more then his person, slew him but to come at his memory, in murthering which they might ever raise a continuall slaughter, not onely on him, but on all those that should follow so vile a master: this wooden engine was a stum­bling block to the Jew and Gentile, to whom it seemed incredible, that the author of life should die so base a death again that such a death should be the spring of life, it appeared a greater riddle then that the honey should be hived in a carkass: but we know how the disgrace of this Altar made our sacrifice the more acceptable, Iudg. 14. and know the stench of the place gave it a sweeter savour, and how all our glory is founded on this dishonour; why then should it be strange that [Page 60] Christ died the death of a slave, since he died for the slaves of sin. Had not a thief therefore the first handsel of Redemption? happy life, who quitted his reckoning for death to come, while here at once he was twice crucified in himself & Christ. It was necessary that Christ should hang naked on the Tree, to free us from the Trees maledicti­on which first shewed us to be naked; nor ought his death to be private as his birth, but exposed to publick view that so paying ransom for the world he might take a whole nation to witness. But is their fury yet sated, and their rancour glutted? no, Christs bones should be broken did not a Pro­phesie keep them whole; but lo the flints and the bones of the earth are broken for them, his gar­ments should be tortured, did not mystery dispose of the souldiers Avarice; but lo the vail of the Temple is rent for't, and the Holy of Holies is taught to suffer with the more Holy.

The death of the Crosse was attended not one­ly with the worst of shames but the greatest of pains; our Saviours life went from him like wa­ter out of a little mouth'd vessel, where a speedy mortal wound had been a meritorious courtesie: to be betrayed by his own servant, to have that face defiled with spittle which Angels could not look on, and yet cannot look off from, to be [Page 61] tossed about like a Tennis ball, from Annas to Caiphas, from Caiphas to Pilate, from Pilate to Herod, and from Herod back to Pilate; to be accused of blasphemy against God whose will he came to fulfill; of treason against Caesar whom he was so carefull that he should have his due, that rather then not pay tribute a fish should bring it in his mouth; then for the Prince of Peace to have Barabas, a mover of sedition, preferred before him, nay a murtherer, the destroyer of life thought to be more worthy of life then he that so often raised their dead; to be mocked with innocency clad in a white garment the mystical robe of purity; to have the knee bowed to him in scorn to whose name every knee should bow in devotion; to be delivered over to the souldiers to buffet and play with, who being men of bloud their very sport is cruelty; and then to have those hands barbarously nailed through that had made the whole world, and had been instruments in so many pious and charitable deeds; those feet that trode the way of Gods commands to a thread to suffer as if they had been swift to shed bloud, &c.

What now remains, but having surveyed this bitter Passion, I turn it to a definition of our Salvation? the Prophet hath done it for me, Esay 53. 5. Hee was wounded for our Trans­gressions; [Page 62] He was bruised for our Iniquities; The chastisement of Peace was upon him and by his stripes are we healed. The Lord is my Shield, saith the Psalmist, Psal. 28. 8. For like a Shield hee hath warded off the blow from us.

What sin is there for which the Lord Jesus hath not suffered? He sweat Bloud for the Idlers, was Mocked for the Scorners, Blasphemed for the Swearer, Spit on for the Malicious, Falsely ac­cused for the Liar, Buffetted for the Violent man, Tosled up and down for the Troublesome, did Pennance in white for the Adulterer, he was Scourged for the Stealer, Crowned with Thorns for the Ambitious, Burned in the Feet for the Stragler, in the Hand for the corrupt Receiver, Gall and Vinegar to drink for the Riotous: for all he died; for the Secresie of all he died Open­ly with shame on the Crosse.

LEt the Blood therefore from which Pi­late washed his hands, wash us all over, and grant (good Lord) that wee may safe­ly passe through this Red Sea of thy Passi­on, wherein though the spiritual Pharaoh and his Hoste, though the Israelites themselves bee drowned; yet let it open a way for us Gen­tiles, [Page 63] into that Kingdome which thou hast pro­mised.

Quod faxit Deus.

AMEN.

FINIS.

ERRATA.

PAge 26. line 17. for piantiphrasin, read per Antiphrasin, Page 38. line 17. for adjunt read ad sunt.

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