THE Business of this Day is the greatest, and of the greatest Consequence that e­ver came before the Representatives of this Na­tion: For as in all past Ages, the People of this Country have liv'd in Liberty at Home, and Re­putation Abroad; so upon the Resolutions of this Day, or at least of this Session of Parlia­ment, to which those of this Day may give a considerable stroke, does depend the continua­tion of that Liberty and Reputation which we have always had, of being bold Asserters of our Rights and Freedom, together with the Fate and Destiny of our Posterity.

Our Great Historian, has made the Noble Spirit of our Ancestors Illustrious to this and all future Ages: All Nations read, and all Porteri­ty will know and praise their Actions: But if we shall now so far degenerate, as not to assert our Freedom at Home, by breaking a standing Army in time of Peace, which if kept up is a Treasonable Alteration of our Government, & makes it Tyrannical: If we do not assert our Rights as a Free People, by such just and true Representations of them to our Neighbour-Na­tion, [Page 3]as may convince them, we have no De­signs, but such as we have just Right to prose­cute, and are for the Common Good of both: If we do not discover the black Designs of a few ill Men, who endeavour for sinister Ends to set the Nation together by the Ears: I say, if we do not take effectual ways to accomplish these things, and establish a lasting Peace, both at Home and Abroad, I shall easily comprehend the History of our Nation in this and all future Ages in two Words: If you ask them, I answer, Slavery and Oblivion.

But that I may give some Advice in the Af­fair, and propose Remedies suteable to our Con­dition, and the multiplicity of Evils that press and threaten us on all hands; 'twill be neces­sary to deduce them from their original Causes, and to give a just and true Account of the pre­sent State of the Nation.

When that Great and Memorable Change happen'd in this Island, by which the Kingdom of Scotland and England came to be so far united as to have but one King, both Nations promis'd to themselves great Advantages: And tho' the Endeavours that were then, and have been since us'd for a nearer Union, prov'd unsuccessful; yet this Advantage still remain'd, that Peace betwixt the two Nations was preserv'd, and a King com­mon to both, as a common Father, kept them from encroaching upon the Rights of each other; and having no regard to the Partialities, or Ani­mosities of either, did equal Justice to both.

This state of things has lasted to our time. But now we are told, that his Majesty is forc'd to do diverse things prejudicial to the Interest of Scotland, on account of Representations and Addresses made to him by an English Parlia­ment, with whom (as representing a more powerful Nation) he is oblig'd to comply: as if there were no Rule of Justice by which he should judge of Matters contraverted between us: As if in a Suit between a Rich and a Poor Man, the Judge were not to consider the Merits of the Cause, but always give Judgement in fa­vour of the Rich Man.

And tho' in former Reigns ever since the first Union, under one Head, no such thing was e­ver done, or so much as mention'd; tho' no King ever suffered the least Breach to be made upon the Independency of Scotland, as appears more evidently in K. Charles 2d's Removing the English Garisons out of this Country in the Year 1660; yet by our remotness from the Seat of the Government, and Influence of the Prince, (as a Farm that has none but Servants to look after it) this Nation became quickly of little or no value; and England by means of Husban­dry and Trade, as well as by being the Seat of the Empire, rising as fast as Scotland sunk by the want of all these, the Disproportion in Riches sell from 1 to 5, as it was about the Year 1600, to that of 1 to 30, as it is at this day.

But the People of this Nation, tho' they know the removal of their Kings to be the Original [Page 5]Cause of this Alteration; yet knowing also that by the same means they had obtain'd a perpe­tual Peace with England; and being conscious to themselves, that whilst their Freedom and Priviledges were preserved entire by the Prince, it was their own fault if the Policy of the Coun­try were not regarded, if Husbandry and Trade were not advanced: On these Considerations (I say) they have always continued peaceable in that Union, without the least thoughts of ever separating or dividing from their Neighbours, or disturbing the Peace of this Island any more.

And tho' in the state of Separation they were much more Considerable, Rich, and Powerful, than ever they have been since: Tho' France, (our Natural Ally in case of a Separation with England) has of late Years become not only a Ballance for England, but a Ballance for almost all the rest of Europe, in conjunction with Eng­land: Tho' our Colony in Ireland were become formidable to the English power there (who besides are always sure to have the Irish for an Enemy) Yet all these Dis-advantages on the one hand, and Hopes on the other, could never shake that Allegiance which we owed to our Prince, nor remove us from that Union with our Neigh­bours, by which we had suffered so much.

But having within these five or six Years be­gun to be sensible, that the extreme Poverty of our People, which still encreased, did proceed from nothing but the want of Foreign Trade, which gives Life to all Manufactures, and en­creases [Page 6]the value of Land, by giving Encourage­ment to Improve it; We applied our selves to the setting up several Manufactories, and send­ing our Ships to Trade in Places where former­ly they were not imploied: Yet knowing that all this would prove but a mean and peddling kind of Commerce, unless we traded to the In­dies, it was very natural to us, who abounded more in People than any thing else, to think (after the Example of all our Neighbours) of having a Colony there also: And accordingly an Indian-Company was established by Act of Parliament.

When on a sudden, as if by that Act we had broke the Peace with our Neighbours, we begin to be complain'd of, and cried out against in England; It was said, That the Priviledges and Powers of the Company were Immense (tho' it is evident that those of the French and Dutch Companies are greater) It was said, That the Immunity from Customs for 21 Years, would sink all the other Companies of Europe; not at all considering that there was a Draw-back in England for all Indian Goods that were not con­sumed within the Country: And by the Arts of a few ill Men, the Parliament of England was surpriz'd and led into Apprehensions, which they have found since to be so groundless, that for two or three Years last past, there was not the least mention made of them. His Majesty likewise was, by evil Councellors, perswaded to tell the Parliament of England, That he had been ill served in Scotland, &c.

I shall not tediously particularize all the bad Counsel that was given, nor all the foul Deal­ing, either in the Affair of Hamburgh, which was against the Law of Nations; In that of the Spanish Memorial, which was against common Faith in Society; In that of the Proclamations published in the West-Indies, by which his Ma­jesty's Subjects, for prosecuting their just Rights warranted by Act of Parliament, were treated as Enemies; in refusing them Wood and Wa­ter, as if they had been proscrib'd & condemn'd to die, aqua & igne interdicti. (I say) I shall not tediously insist on the odious and shameful Circumstances of all those Particulars, because they are sufficiently known to all of you; but especially because it has been since evident what sort of Men they are who gave the King such ad­vice; Men altogether depending for Places or Pensions on the Court, or such as did Journey-Work for them.

The House of Commons in their last Session, having fully shewn, how much such Courses were against the Sentiments of the English Na­tion, and resented the bad Usage we received, in a very generous manner; declaring withal, That any Propositions of an Union between the two Nations that shall come from us, shall be always welcome to them. I shall only make some Reflections on the sad Condition of this Nation, with relation to this great Design, by which they hope to relieve themselves from their great Poverty; and in which they are now [Page 8]so deeply engag'd, that with it they must stand and fall (for tho' undertaken by a private Com­pany, it is become of universal Concernment) whoever Wounds or with-holds Nourishment from it, destroys the Vitals of the Nation.

We have for Enemies Spain, powerful in the West-Indies; The French, powerful at Sea, who have often beg'd of the Spaniard the liberty to destroy us: We have been abandoned at Home in Word and Deed. 'Tis declared we have no Right to the Place where we have settled our Colony, because our Settlement in that Place contradicts a certain Agreement for the Divi­sion of the Spanish Monarchy, and breaks the Measures of a Catholick League for the Extir­pation of the Protestant Religion, and the Re­mainders of Liberty through the World. We are exposed to be treated as Pirates; and tho' neither the English nor Dutch Nation be our E­nemies, yet the English and Dutch Councellors (who to the Dishonour and Ruin of this Nation, meddle too much in our Affairs) are our Mor­tal Foes. What shall I say of Scots-Men who concur in such Advice? If ever there were rea­son to Complain of evil Councellors, sure it must be of those of this Nation at this time: Yet these Men have the Confidence to look us boldly in the Face, tho' their impudent Con­trivances to Ruine the Colony of Caledonia, & Murder such numbers of them in the West-In­dies, be notourly known. What shall I say of a Man who, without any other Character to [Page 9]protect him, than such as to the utmost aggra­vates his Crime, is at the Root of all the Mis­chief that has, or is like to fall upon this Na­tion. Who is it, that having the right to de­stroy a Noxious Beast, has not at the same time the right to destroy such an one? These are the Enemies, of your Company and Colony, which you have been at great Charges and un­speakable Pains to erect, establish, and man­tain; that you might bring this Nation from Poverty and Reproach, to Honour and Wealth; our poor People from under the perpetual Ten­tations of Stealing, Lying, Cheating, nay and after all the necessity of Starving, for want of Bread, to that Ease, Plenty, and Satisfaction, which always accompany Industry.

These are the Men, who this Day oppose the giving a reasonable Tax to support so good and Glorious a Design, and would divert the Money which the Nation is willing to give, to another use. Sure one would think, that the Pretext must be very specious; that the use to which they would put it, must be some Design for the Good of the Nation, beyond what can occur to any Man upon first Thoughts: What can it be? Is it that for, this Money once given, our Liberties shall by excellent Laws be esta­blished upon such solid Fundations as can never be shaken? Can Fertility of Soil, or the Happi­ness of Climate be purchass'd and brought to us from any of the Southern Countries? One would think it should be something of that na­ture. [Page 10]No! 'tis to none of all these Uses that their Money is to be imploied. In what then? for at length we must know, should the su­prize, of Joy be never so great or dangerous. 'Tis to mantain a perpetual Standing Army. What Reverse of Fortune? From what Expecta­tions are we fallen? If, as upon many great Oc­currences in human Affairs, so upon this occa­sion, a Medal were to be struck, a Ship arriving in Harbour, where Peace with an Olive branch in hand, stands on the Shoar, might very well become one side; but a Fiend with a Torch in one hand and a Dagger in the other, must be the Reverse. Nothing but a Picture of the high­est Felicity, and another of the most abject Mi­sery can express the Alternative. Liberty, Rich­es, Peace, Good-order, Virtue, Ease and Quiet, are on the one hand: Slavery, Poverty, Oppres­sion, Vice, together with the Calamity, Groans and Blood of the Poor, are on the other. To which of these will the Nation incline? Are they to be driven like Sheep to the Slaughter? Is there any Pretext for this Standing Army, that can be named by Men of the least Ingenuity? Has the bad Usage I mentioned before, or the many Indignities put upon this Nation of late, afforded any? No! nothing has been able to provoke us: We have always, and in every thing, complied with his Majesty beyond our Power; yet we are condemn'd to lose our Li­berties: We are condemn'd to die, without a­ny Guilt alledged against us: We are to have [Page 11]no Trade, because inconsistent with a Standing Army: Our only Commerce is to be in Sol­diers; by whom, that we may be Gainers, we are to have a Superplus over and above what we can pay. In which sort of Commerce, if any Na­tion was ever a Gainer, I appeal to History.

This Nation has of late been in a Starving Condition: And I wish that the Blood of many Thousands may not be required of divers, whose duty it was in their several Stations to have pro­vided for them: Yet during all that time, we were to Mantain an Army of idle Fellows, with­out the least necessity, and in order to keep up 4 or 5000 of them, starve 30 or 40000 inno­cent People; since if the Pay of that Army had been prudently imploied in buying of Corn, it would have been sufficient to save the Lives of the one and the other.

You may, perhaps, say, That this is Refle­cting upon the Parliament who ordered the keeping up of the Forces. I answer, The best of Councils, even Parliaments themselves, are liable to Mistakes, occasioned by false Representations of Affairs by evil Councellors; but should have a care of failing twice into the same Fault: And subsequent Sessions of Parliament, should cor­rect the Errors of the former.

But when all Pretexts of Fears from a Foreign Invasion have fail'd; when no Indignities in point of Honour; no extraordinary Losses of vast Numbers of our People, and Treasure of the Nation; no Endeavours to creat Animosi­ties [Page 12]between the two Nations, have been able to provoke us to give the least pretence for the Standing Army; The evil Councellors have had recourse to Force and Bribery: They have drawn the greater part of the Standing Army near and about the Town in time of Parlia­ment; by which those Gentlemen who, last Session, voted for a Standing Army, may al­ready see what use is to be made of them; and will have their Names branded with Infamy to all Posterity, if they now vote for keeping them up any longer. They have remitted 20000 l. Sterl. into Scotland; (which they say Mr. Car­stares has done by way of Holland for the more close conveyance, and that by my Lord Port­land's means) They have procured many new Warrants for Pensions, of which probably the first Term only will be paid, and perhaps not that same; for when the Villainy is done, the Villains become useless. They have Brib'd di­verse others with new Titles of Honour, for the most Infamous of all Actions; the 12 Years du­ration of the Parliament having given occasion to the evil Councellors to know the Pulse of e­very Man: And that no Artifice may escape them, they not only endeavour'd to corrupt the whole Representatives of Burrows at one dash, by a Tack of the Customs, (tho' God knows a very few reap the benefit) but have also at this Juncture erected little, pitiful, inconsiderable Villages into Royal-Burrows, in order to have the same represented in Parliament by Persons secured to their Interest before-hand: And whenever the Representative of any Shire or [Page 13]Burrow dies, 'tis too well known what care is taken to have his Place immediatly supplied, viis & modis, by some Court-Myrmidon, a Guard or Dragoon-Officer, or some such. By all which means, we may in time expect to see the Officers of the Army (if kept on foot) muster'd in the Senate House: and then the Country freed from the Charge & Trouble of sending any other Representatives to serve in Parliament. I shall not insist on the spliting of State-Commis­sions among Members of Parliament, and granting sham Commissions pro tempore for the same Offices.

After so many Misteries of Iniquity, you will be very justly surpriz'd, if I shall mention one Blacker than all the rest; yet it is a thing of which I am credibly informed, and from many concurring Circumstances, have just ground to believe.

The French Court who, you know, have of­ten beg'd leave of the Spaniard to destroy our Colony, & who hate you upon many accounts, but chiefly that of your Religion, have in con­junction with some of our evil Councellors, contrived a more subtile piece of Malice against you, than all these formerly mention'd; to ac­complish which, they make use of their old Tool, the late King James, who to serve such ends and for his own Ruin, is still kept in France; they have furnish'd him with 40000 Pistols to send to his Party here, that they may be zealous in supporting our Colony in Darien: His Party here, God knows, is just as signifi­cant as he is there, and neither fit for anything [Page 14]but to be made use of for their own and this Nations Ruin. The French, who are said to advance the Money (but no doubt know how to be reimbursed) can easily tell our evil Coun­cellors by what way it is conveyed; and they can as easily Convict those who receive it:

This, unless Men be undeceived, must Ruin all, and stop the Mouths even of the best, who not being able to comprehend such refined Vil­lainies, will conclude, That tho many honest Men are engaged in the Company, yet origi­nally and at bottom it must needs be a Jacobite Design; and so the Court by this Artefice ob­tain that, which hitherto they have (in vain I hope) endeavoured; I mean the utter Destru­ction of our Colony.

'Tis become dangerous to contrive Plots in England, because they begin to find them out: Such Designs must now be transmitted to Scot­land, as a Country remote from publick Intel­ligence.

'Twill perhaps be said, That to imploy so much Money among us, it would be to little purpose, since the evil Councellors are sure of their ends by other means; and that it is ridi­culous to think, that only 20000 l. Sterl. should be imploied in direct Bribery, and 40000 Pi­stols on a Shamm-Plot. But they who say this, do not consider, that by this Means not only the Designs of the Court will go here without control; since every Man that opposes them, will be said to have received part of K. James's [Page 15]Money; but also the People of England will be deluded into a Belief, that the Jacobite Party in Scotland is so formidable, that a Standing Army is necessary to keep them in awe; which Army would otherways be very much suspected by the English, as it will in the end be infallibly made use of to suppress the Liberty of both Na­tions; tho perhaps before that time, consider­ing what sort of Men are now coming to the Helm in England, it may be imploied to reward the Presbyterians for their Services to the Court.

To conclude, tho we are remote from pub­lick Intelligence, and the Presbyterian Party seems struck with incurable Blindness; yet I hope the Parliament will not wilfully shut their Eyes, but seriously consider the fatal Conse­quences of a Standing Army; and how abso­lutely necessary it is to Disband at least the far greater part of our Forces, even tho we had no other pressing Occasions for our Money at this Juncture.

Tell me, if ever there was such a swarm of Popish Priests among you as at this time: Con­sider the severe Act lately made in England a­gainst Popery, contrary to the mild Temper of that Nation; and then you will easily believe they were not induced to that Severity without some great and extraordinary Motive, tho per­haps not fit to be mentioned: Consider that in the Treaty of Reswick, as well as in that of Hun­gary, the Protestant Religion was abandoned by those who call themselves Protestants: Con­sider [Page 16]the Perfections of France, Piedmont, the Palatinate, Hungary, Transilvania; and the For­ces that are now hovering about Saxony, in or­der to force that People to submit to Popery: Consider that the Apostate King of Poland is made a Tool to imbroil all the Protestant Powers of Europe (except only the Protestant Swisse Cantons, against whom the Emperor is now forming New Pretensions:) Consider that most of the Popish Princes of Germany, and some Protestants likewise, are arming power­fully, to assist him; for Popery is thought to be so necessary to keep People in due Obedience, that few Princes think themselves safe as long as their Subjects are of any other Religion: And there is but too just ground to suspect the Re­ligion of diverse great Princes in Europe, who are called Protestants. Consider all these things, and act as you will Answer to God in the Great Day, for the Trust reposed in you. And so I conclude with that Admonition and Advice given by the Wisest of Men: