WHen the news of Charles the firsts death came into Scotland, the States-men who were invested with the government of that kingdome before, by L. Gen. Crom­wel and the English army, in Octo. 1648. (Duke Hamiltons army being defeated and betrayed three moneths before.)

The Kings death seemed to them to be much grieved for, & those Estates preten­ded to be as forward to revenge it as any.

And least it should appear to the people, that they with L. Gen. Cromwell had complotted his death, at my Lady Humnes her house in the suburbs of Edenbrough, they complaine against the Indepen­dants of England or murthering the King, but the furious Kirkmen, which could not so well dissemble, in their Kirkprayers and preach­ments: in plain tearmes told their credulous, ignorant, easie au­ditors, that he deserved to die, having been a hinderer of Refor­mation, I, and had shed much blood of the Saints.

He, fiery Sir Iohn blamed the Independant for doing it without the house of Lords, did not disclaim the act as unjust or contrary to the laws of God and man, as an unchristian, as an inhumane and unheard of, savage, monstrous bloody act, in their answer to L. Gen. Cromwells declaration to the equal scarlet Scots in Scotland Iuly 20. 1650. These states of that nation (never without a cloake, for their designes,) proclaimed Charles the second, to make the world be­leeve that they and the elder Iuncto in England were not united in hearts and councels, and equally abominated Monarchy.

Yet so proclaimed they the king, that no judicious man, but might see they never intended to receive him to be their King, (what ere, to gull the simple, they pretended,) whereupon a royall party in the North betook themselves into the field, finding he must not be their free Prince, but in bonds: for they heard him proclaimed King with this limitation that he should give such security to pre­serve Liberty, Law and Religion, as the Kirk and State should judge satisfactory, that is, he should give what ever the factious Rebels should aske of him, before he should be admitted to enter the kingdome, hereupon the Scottish Statesmen dispatch Commis­sioners [Page 4]unto him at the Isle of Iersey with such unreasonable propo­sitions and demands; as that his Majestie could not in honor or safety grant them. In this treaty his Majesty disclaimed his Scotch friends who were in armes for him, May 15. 1649, The Treaty being dissolved, the Commissioners returne his Majesties negative an­swere to the State and Kirk of Scotland, which was most accepta­ble to the Grandees of that rebellious crew, for now they had some ground of quarrell.

His title to the Crowne was unquestionable, his innocent age blamelesse, O but now, now they have what they fisht for, his negative answer will afford them matter enough to declare against him, as now concluding him (one overruled by evill Counsell, the old way of worming in) an enemy into the Estate and Kirk, where­upon they resolved at that instant to declare peremptorily against him, and for a month continued in this resolution, but upon fur­ther debates and second thoughts, finding the greatest part of the kingdome loyall and ready to joyne with the Marques of Montrose, if he came in with any considerable force, they resolve once more to send to his Majesty before they would publish the declarations they had then provided, judging it a farr better way to defeat the Marq. Montrose his designe, in making his Majesty an absolute Monarch by a Treaty, then opposing his Generall in the field, this being subject to the chance of warre: but the other safe and sure a subtle way, and finding divers eminent persons that had power with the King, to perswade him to desert Montrose, and cast himself upon them and their faithfull, godly party.

Upon this consideration Mr. George Windrum was sent to the Isle of Iersey, to desire his Majesty would be pleased to appoint a con­venient place and time for a second treaty, which he according to the good meaning of his innocent royall heart did, naming Breda, and the 15 of March 1649. the place and time of meeting.

In the beginning of which second treaty, his Majesty did stand to his former principles: But at last some eminent persons prevailed with him to yeeld to the Scots demands, to work which the Hamil­tonian faction in the Court, to my knowledge, were also excee­dingly assistant, representing to his Majesty that the Marq. Mon­trose was not 200 foot strong in Orkney, and that such an inconsider­able force could not be able to raise the countrey of Scotland, and that for forrain aid from Princes, there was no possibility of ex­pecting it, most of them being unable, and much engaged in war, and others having scare quenched the fire in their own dominions, were not willing to involve themselves, or subjects in a forrain [Page 5]warre, which would require a dayly supply of men and mony from them.

They told him it would be encouragement to his friends abroad to be aiding and assisting to him, if he were possessed of one of his kingdomes, and that his yeelding to the Scots party would give great satisfaction to the Presbiterians of England, and much hearten them and others to take up armes against the Rebels of England.

Upon these and other motives, with the earnest solicitation of those persons, his Majesty concludes an absolute agreement with the Scots Commissioners, and sends a letter to the Marq. of Montrose commanding him to disband his forces, and retire to Denmarke un­till further order, and that he should deliver up his armes and amu­nition to the Scots Commissioners, or to the Sheriffe of the County wherein he was.

But before the Gentleman could come into Scotland the Marq. of Montrose was taken prisoner, and most barbarously murthered by the Kirk and State, for his loyalty and fidelity to the King. Here judge you if Charles the first was not murthered, and Charles the se­cond wounded, not in effigies or in picture: but in the highest image and character that could represent Majesty, in his Generall and Vice-roy.

Now all this while his Majesty is treating at Breda, the Scots hold knowne correspondency with those of England, Mr. Ansley being Agent at Edenbrough, sending dayly provision to the garri­sons of Barwick and Newcastle, and soliciting them dayly for aid a­gainst the Marq. of Montrose, but a week before the Marq. landed, a Statesman wrote a letter to Sr. Arthur Hasselrig, giving him a true account of their present condition Aprill 14. 1650, assuring him that the affaires of that kingdome were come to that height, that the godly party would be forced to fly to England very suddainly, if that the English did not advance presently toward their borders,

During this treaty also likewise the Ministers did endeavour both by their prayers and preachments, to make the royall Family odi­ous to the people, and to disgrace the loyall party, affirming them to be more wicked and greater enemies to God and true Religion, then the Sectaries or Independants of England, and that they might with greater safety joyn with Independants, then with the Malig­nant party, that were honoured by the King, but dishonorous of God and his true worship, such and some of them were Mr. Hogge, Lesley, Mungalaw, Iohn Sterling, and Hamilton.

The States of Scotland being now free of all fear of being annoyed any more by the Kings party, his Generall and Viceroy hanged, and [Page 6]his body quartered, they begin to assume their former resolutions and designe of having no King. And to that end dispatch Mr. William Murray with letters and new instructions to their Commis­sioners, requiring them forthwith to break off the Treaty and re­turn, because their proclaimed King had broken faith with them, in sending the Marq. of Montrose to invade Scotland in the time of trea­ty, (wherein they highly and falsly abuse his Majesty, for there was no cessation agreed on) and that if they had made any agree­ment with their King to disclaim it, in their name, as having gone further then their Commission or Instructions led them or would warrant them.

And that they might have some colour of reason for this, they send some Animadversions vpon their first instructions, shewing their true meaning and intention in them, (which I may one day get and publish,) and that their Commissioners had missetaken their meaning in concluding and agreeing with the King.

They command Mr. Murray to present unto the King, how much the kingdome of Scotland was enraged against him, and how by common consent and the universall cry, his Generall was exe­cuted (that in him, and his death he might see the affections of that people alienated from him, and what his own fate might prove,) that he dyed excommunicate, being denied absolution, was quar­tered, his head staked up, and bowels buried under the gallows.

And that it might clearly appear he could not go for Scotland in safety, they give him a list of fourteen Noblemen and Gentlemen that were banisht Scotland, without whose personall presence his Majesty could not continue in the kingdome one day in safety.

And that these Machevills might have some shew of reason for disclaiming their King, and draw the people to joyn with them in this their last designe against his Majesty, they appoint two decla­rations to be penned, one by the Kirk, another by the State, and that the penners of those declarations might be the better furnished with matter, they examine their then prisoners of Montroses party concerning their Commissions granted to them to invade the king­dome, interogating them what Princes his Majesty had solicited to that end, and whether they ever heard his Majesty call them Rebels and Traitors, and whether he did not threaten to destroy Scotland with fire and sword, in case they did not submit to him.

And whether they did not think his Majesty popishly affected, and whether, while he was in France he did not go to Masse.

These and the like intergatories were put to the prisoners, in hope that through fear to displease them, some of them would depose [Page 7]what might contribute to a charge against their innocent King.

And that the people might be the better perswaded for disclai­ming their King, their Ministers in ther Pulpits and Sermons told the people that his Majesty did now shew himself an Hawk of the right nest, and that he would be more bloody then ever his father was, or any of his Progenitors; Mr. Lesly, Mr. Hogge and others.

That it appeared clearly, God had such a controversie with the royall Family, as he had with Ahabs, and that he hoped to live to see that Race out off Root and Branch.

In their prayers they made the King and his father of ever blessed memory, guilty of all the blood that had been shed in the three kingdomes, and prayed God that Charles the second might never come to sit upon his Throne untill he repented himself of granting Commissions to wicked men, to shed the blood of Gods peculiar people.

But further, these Rebels knowing that a baredeclaration would not maintain the quarrell against the King and his party, they re­solve to rew modell their army, and to keep open correspondency with the State of England, and to make a league offensive and de­fensive with them. To this end they dispatch one Major Dicsn, a known Independent to the State of England, to let them know they had sent to their Commissioner Mr. Will. Murray to recall them, and disclaim any agreement with him their proclaimed King.

Having thus cloathed their designe, they dreame of a perpetuall enjoyment of their usurped power, and of setling the peace of that State in such a way, that the whole world should not be able to disturbe it.

But vain and foolish prove the counsels of men, where God sits not president, the wisedome of these Achitephels, a months time findes turned into folly, for before Mr. Murray could get into Holland, his Majesty and the Scots Commissioners were fully agreed, and his Majesty gone with them into Scotland, and before the Par­liament of Scotland knew his Majesty was landed, the agreement which was made at Breda was ratified by both parties on Scotch ground and so fully confirmed, that it was not possible in the State to que­stion the Agreement,

The unexpected newes of his Majesties landing, though it a­mazed the Statesmen, and such as I will not name (for some reasons untill my next,] yet was the hearts of all sorts of other people trans­ported with unspeakeable joy, insomuch as they received him as King, and as another Moses sent of God to deliver them from their unjust and overtiring Taske masters, which did not onely oppresse [Page 8]them in their estates, by continued illegall taxes and impositions, by free quarter and excise, and in their persons by banishments and imprisonments: but in their very soules, forcing them to go on in, and perpetrate their wicked courses against God and their King.

But upon his Majesties arrivall, as if at present they felt ease by his presence from all these, generall joy is expressed by fireing bea­cons and making bonefires three nights together, and such like pub­lications to the world of honouring their King, with much studied joy, and that it was in vaine now for the Scotch party to oppose the King, or confine him to the castle of Dunnotter, as some of them after his arrivall moved he might have been, but his Majesties un­expected and sodain comming, together with the peoples univer­sall joy for an honourable reception of him

Not onely prevented the plots of the rebellious party of Kirk and State against him: but likewise it encreased the jealousie the English had of the Scots Presbitry. and did engage them against their bre­thren of Scotland, who a week or two before had given them as­surance that they had sent a messenger into Holland to recall their Commissioners, and that they were resolved absolutely to have no King,

And wrought upon the State of England to command Gen. Cromwell forthwith into Scotland with a powerfull army, and a squadron of ships to be sent to sea: but unsearchable are the works of God, and his wayes past finding out, now are the wicked ensnared in their own devices, and brought to such a straight they know not what to doe. Their King having given all satisfaction, and being brought home by their Commissioners, is so high in the heart of his sub­jects, that they find it impossible to eject him.

And the English inraged, as if undoubtedly they had been de­ceived by the Kirk and Parliament of that kingdome, In wrath approach with a powerfull army, whereupon the Parliament and Kirk send a messenger unto Gen. Cromwell, desiring him not to ap­proach neer the borders, but that a Treaty might be admitted, whereby a right understanding between the Nations might be pre­served, and that they might the more plainly make it appeare, that their intentions were true and reall in keeping the solemne league and covenant of peace betweene the nations.

To this, Gen. Cromwell replied, he would treat with them when he came to Edenbrough, This answere being returned, the Parlia­ment put it to the vote, whether an army should be raised for the defence of the countrey. Eight of the prime Statesmen vote no army: (their names you shall have in the next) but the Ministers [Page 9]or Kirk faction, whose interest the Independant could not, or they knew would not secure, voted for an army, and the for­ward of those Kirkers gave assurance for the raising of a Regi­ment of horse for Major Straughan.

And that they might abate the fury of the English, they set forth a declaration, in which they call heaven and earth to witnesse, that they never intended to invade England.

His sacred Majesty within a day, after his landing wrote two letters, one to the Parliament, and the other to the Committee of Kirk, signifying to them, that he had satisfied their demands to the full, and that he was come into that his kingdome, with a resolution to be ruled by them, and that it should evidently appear to be their fault, and not his, if there were failer in any thing, These letters seemed to give satisfaction to his greatest enemies, and hereupon they voted for the speedy Coronation of his Majesty, in that he had given full satisfaction to their Commissioners, and had himselfe taken the Covenant, so they grounded their vote for Coronation, as by a true extract from their Parliament journall book is witnessed.

Now observe next, that his Majesty travelled from the North of that kingdome to the Southward, and was received (as before) at Aberdeen, Dundee, St. Andrews, St. Iohnsons, &c. by the Earles of South Aske, and Martiall, The more the people expresse their love and loyalty to him their King, the more jealous grew the State factions in Kirk and Parliament.

And thereupon the Parliament is wrought upon to send forth a Proclamation, commanding the English that came in with his Ma­jestie (but such as should be approved of by Kirk and State) to de­part the kingdome, and that no Malignants should come within ten miles of the court. And to second this, the leading Kirkmen bellow it out, that the peoples rejoycing would ere long be turned into mourning, and that for all they knew, God had sent them a King in his anger.

Within a fortnight after his Majesty came to Faulkland, he remo­ved to Sterling, where he received an invitation from the Committee to come to the army, which his Majesty cheerfully embraced, and was no sooner entred their Trenches, but the souldiers raised a [Page 10]shout (which gave an Alarm to the Enemy) and in their exclama­mations said, We have a good cause, We have a good cause, Now let us fight for God and our King.

But this heartinesse of theirs, gave exceeding great offence, and spurred up the leading Kirkmen, in their things, a little like Sermons, that they had a good cause, when they had no King, yet say what they could, whilst his Majesty was in the army (which was five dayes) the souldiers expresse most observeable resolutions, chalked upon their Armes when they went out to charge the Enemy, We are for King Charles, and when they saw Sir Iames Hacket make a cowardly retreat in the sight of his Majesty and Army, the souldi­ers cried out, let Collonel Hacket be hanged, for he is a Coward and a Traytor.

The leading Kirkers finding his Majesty to have such an unex­pected influence upon the army, ruggedly desired him to be gone, for that they had observed, that since his Majesties comming into the army, the souldiers did neglect their duty to God and themselves his Ministers, and therefore he must away.

The King being gone, they fall to purging the army of all Ma­lignants English and Scots, to the number of five thousand assured fighting men, who knew what enemies were,

Within a week after his Majesty went from the army, the En­glish Rebels retreat to Dunbar, which was some twenty miles, where­upon the Kirkers are raised to such an height of pride and insolency, as that nothing fils their stalles more, then that God had shown they were beloved of him, his dear children and chosen, whom he would protect as he did Hezekiah and Ierusalem, to which purpose the Chap. ordered to be expounded by all the Levites in the Camp was 2. Kings 19. But woe and alas, these jocund thanksgivings of theirs prove very fatall, for the enemy by his retreate drew them from their Trenehes, to gaine oppertunity, the better to fight them a­broad, whom he knew could never stand one charge in open field, being an irregular fresh and raw number of men, from whom the fighting Nobility, Gentry and souldiers, were (as Gen. Cromwell could have desired) either forced or casheared the field, and in­hibited bearing Armes.

Remarkeable now is it, how this Kirk and States presumption, [Page 11]treachery, insolency and pride did forerun their destruction, for no sooner did the English rebels Army charge them, but they fled. threw away their Arms, and cry for quarter. Thus wicked men ha­sten to their ruin, and are resolute to their own overthrow: for had they not been led by the headstrong Kirkers to pursue, but had kept within their Trenches, the English Army through want of health by famine, and many distresses to which they were driven, must uncontrovertibly within few dayes have retreated with as infinite shame and dishonour on their parts, as it would have been advantage and encouragement to their now beaten brethren, dear brethren of Scotland.