THE Emperour ex­pected in making the Peace of Nime­guen, that France would rest contented with the [Page 2] advantages she had already gain'd in the War. But he [...] happy successes only encreased her courage; for scarce had she sign'd the Treaty, bu [...] thought of breaking it. Thi [...] dealing gave no small troubl [...] to the Emperor, who behel [...] himself on the other sid [...] threatned by the Turks, an [...] not trusting so much to his own strength, as to be­lieve he could at the same tim [...] make head against two suc [...] Potent Enemies, he thereupo [...] dispatches Count Albert Capr [...] ra to the Port, with advan­tagious offers to obtain a con­tinuation of the Truce, which was between the two Em­pires, and now upon expiring▪ In the mean time the Partisans of France took hence occasion [Page 3] to blame his Conduct; pub­lishing he was more willing to comply with the Infidels, than the King, though he might expect from him suffi­cient assistance. But they took no notice at the same time, that France would come to no agreement: But upon con­ditions which were not only dishonourable to the Empire, but tended also to the utter ruine of the Emperor. For the King of France would have approved by a Treaty all the infractions which he had made of the Peace of Nimeguen, and moreover certain pretensions satisfied, which I can scarce forbear terming ridiculous, were I not withheld by the respect which is due to what­soever comes from Crowned Heads.

Howsoever, the Emperor im­patiently expected some news from Caprara, when this Am­bassador (deceiv'd by the ar­tifices of the Grand Visier, who was wholly set upon amusing him with hopes of peace, whilst he thought on nothing but War,) advertized him he doubted not but to accomplish his business; which fill'd the Emperor and the whole Court with joy.

In effect, although he wil­lingly would have turn'd his Arms against this common Enemy of Christendom, yet knowing the designs of France, which aspir'd of late to the Empire, th'interest of his Fa­mily made him respect it as an enemy far more dangerous, than the Turk could be; who [Page 5] at farthest expected but one place or two, whereas the other would swallow up the whole.

A report being spread in the month of January, that the King of France would encamp 50 Thousand men on the Sa­on, and almost as many on the Saar, oblig'd the Emperor to secure the Rhyne. And altho' he had only words as yet from the Turks, he chose rather to ungarison Hungary, than ex­pose his Country to the in­vasion of the French. Count Mansfeld, who was with the King of France from the Em­peror, had in the mean time orders to observe whatsoever past: But that Court taking pleasure in giving every day new fears, he could send no [Page 6] certainer news than what were commonly reported, to wit, that the King would carry the War into Germany the next spring, if the Emporor gran­ted him not whatsoever he de­manded.

Altho' perhaps what I now mention'd, may appear distant enough from my subject, which is to relate the success of the War, which the Turks made with the Emperor, yet will it not appear so to those that shall take the pains, to consider how necessary 'tis to shew what the Emperor had to fear on the side of the French, to the end he may not be blam'd for not immediately employing all his forces to repel the Infidels; neither will it be amiss to take notice by [Page 7] the way, that setting aside Religion, 'twas more the Em­perors interest to oppose this power than that of the Turks: Because the Establishment of the house of France, is the undoubted ruine of the house of Austria. Howsoever the Emperor see­ing the effect was far from the hope he had conceived from the promises of Caprara, caused new levies to be rais'd in all the hereditary Provinces, and sollicited the Christian Princes to enter into a con­federacy with him against this common enemy of Christendom. The King of Poland made an offensive and defensive League with him: Several other Prin­ces promised to assist him, some with men, others with money, and in short, great [Page 8] preparations on all hands were made for War, seeing it could not be avoided. In the mean time it being known at Rome what passed in France, the Pope sent a Brief to the King, wherein having given him all the qualities due to a great Prince, as indeed he is, he exhorted him to assist the Emperor, or at least not hin­der others from doing it.

In the mean time great care was taken to fortify Waag and Raab, the keeping of which were entrusted to the Hungarians; it being hoped, the seeing, not only their e­states, but likewise the lives of their Wives and Children were concerned, they could not but stoutly resisit th'enemy.

Comorra and Raab, being lookt upon as the bulwarks of Christendom, were carefully for­tified: And it being supposed the enemy would not leave two places of that importance behind them, to come and be­siege Vi [...]nna, there was less care than ought to be taken in strengthening this last place: so that when the Turks ap­pear'd before it, the ditches were not so much as cleansed, nor the bastions repaired. Yet both these defects were amen­ded under the favour of the Cannon and Muskets, which kept th' Infidels from distur­bing the workmen. But that which facilitated the perfor­mance of this, was, that the enemies not being able to bring their Cannon over the Danube, [Page 10] by reason of Raab, and Co­morra, which belong'd to the Emperor, they needed much time to draw it by land, the ways being broken in several places, which hindred them from planting them so soon as their occasion required.

To mention every thing in order, I should first say, that the Emperor seeing the Turks had set up the Horse-tayle, which is to them a signal of War, and moreover exercised several hostilities on the frontiers, he held a Council of War, resolving to prevent their de­signs. 'Twas determin'd in this Council, that the Troops should speedily leave their Garrisons, and make their rendezvous a league distant from Presburg, to march thence [Page 11] to Newhawsel, which was in­tended to be besieged, in hope 'twould be taken before the Turks could succor it.

The Command of the Army was given to the Duke of Lor­rain; for besides the consi­dence which the Emperor put in him, he should by this means take away all causes of jealousie from several others, who would not have been con­tented, had they been oblig'd to obey any one but the Em­perors Brother-in-Law. In the mean while the Duke of Lor­rain, who was sick during the whole Winter, and scarce yet fully recovered; could not come so soon to the Army, and indeed made it a month before his arrival, which oc­casion'd much mischief: For [Page 12] whilst he was recovering from his sickness, the Bassa of New­hausel had time to fortify the place, and to prepare himself for defence.

The Governor of Gran, who likewise might fear the Em­perors Arms, took care where­insoever he was concerned, and agreed with the Bassa of Newhausel to send him assi­stance, if he should be the first set upon, as also to receive the same from him, if Gran chanced to be first attackt by the Christians.

Things being in this posture; when the Duke of Lorrain came to the Army, and made the review of it in the pre­fence of the Emperor, Duke of Bavaria, and several other Princes, he caused it to march [Page 13] between Gran and Newhausel, as if it had been still uncertain which of these places he min­ded to attack. About six leagues off both these Cities he seem'd to be determin'd for Gran: For having made a detache­ment of 6000 horse, he cau­sed them to march on the side of Gran, which made the Bassa of Newhausel believe that 'twas not he, whom he design'd. In the mean time to satisfie the agreement made betwixt 'em, as afore mention'd, he sent out about 2000 men of his Garrison, with orders to enter Gran. But as soon as ever he that Commanded the detachem [...]nt of the Duke of Lorrain knew they were en­tered, he turn'd short off to Newhausel, which he invested.

The Duke of Lorrain, ra­visht at the news of the Gar­rison of Newhausel's being thus weak'ned, hast'ned to the Town, and having fixt his Quarters, sent a summons to the Governour to this effect, That he wondred at his obstinacy in defending such a place which had not half men enough to keep it; and thereupon advised him to come to a speedy agreement, otherwise he would deal with him, as those deserve, who pertina­ciously stand upon a fruitless d [...] ­fence. The Bassa of Newhau­sel made answer to the Duke of Lorrain's messenger, That he wondred what should hinder him fr [...]m [...]tting him to death at that inst [...]nt, that he should therefore speedily r [...]turn and tell his General, h [...] would shew him [Page 15] in a few days to whom the Grand Signor Entrusted his places. In effect, he on that day made a sally out on our Guards, who gave place to the first impe­tuosity of the Turks: Which gave an allarum to the whole Camp, and caused the cavalry to mount on Horse-back, who beat back the Infidels. Yet did they carry away a great number of Prisoners, whose heads they caused to be im­mediately cut off.

And to affright us the more, planted them along the walls of the Town, which was an object of great grief to several, who continually be­held the loss they had suffered, of their brother, friend, or near kinsman. This happy success encouraged afresh the Turks [Page 16] to make another sally the next morning, in which having likewise taken some Prisoners, they used 'em after the same manner as the former.

This did not so damp the Courage of the Christians as to hinder 'em from making use of it as a motive to revenge, and of more care for the future. Our batteries then were raised in a short time, the trench opened, and there was never more hopes of a happier suc­cess, when there arose a re­port thro [...]ghout the whole Camp, That the Duke of Lor­rain openly complained, that Prince H [...]rman of Baden, Pre­sident of the Council of War, which was at Vienna with the Emperor, kindered necessaries being sent him for the siege, [Page 17] hoping thereby to make him lose his reputation, and ren­der himself more considerable. In fine, these reports were so common in the Army, that coming to the Ears of Prince Lewis of Baden Herman's Nephew, he had some words about it with the Duke of Lorrain. And indeed 'twas well known of a long time, that Prince Herman had a se­cret jealousie of the Duke and 'twas the opinion of several, that he would not have been much troubled had his undertakings prov'd suc­cessless. But in this occasion, not only the wellfare of the Em­pire, but moreover of all Christendom being concerned, 'twas charitably judg'd this hatred was somewhat abated, [Page 18] if not wholly extinguisht. But 'twas afterwards apparent how greatly such as thus reasoned were deceived, when they came to use the ammunition.

Whilst the Trench was well advanced, and there were great hopes for us, the Duke of Lorrain receives an order from the Emperor, signed with his own hand, by which he was enjoyn'd to raise the siege, and put forces into Raab, Comorra, and Presburg. 'Tis impossible to relate the vexation which seiz'd the Duke at this Command, the whole fault of which he cast on the Prince of Baden: But not able to dispence with his obedience, he retir'd from the Town, and drew up his Army in Battalia, shewing by [Page 19] his countenance, that obedi­ence was the only cause of his retreat. In fine, when he was to depart, he lodged some infantry in several houses, which were about a quarter of a league distant from the Town, hoping in case he should be follow'd, not only this in­fantry would favour his re­treat; but moreover, seeing the enemy must pass near these houses, those whom he left behind in 'em might attack 'em in the Flank, and whilst they were surpriz'd with the first Charge, the cavalry which was at the rereguard, should turn head upon them, and easily defeat 'em.

It cannot be said, but that this order was given according to the rules of War, there be­ing [Page 20] all the likelihood in the world of a sutable success. But the raising of the siege had so discouraged the Troops, that when the Infidels appear'd, the rereguard doubled their pace, instead of facing about, leaving those who were in the houses without any hope of succour. They defended them­selves, as well as they could, for an hour or two, but the place being not tenable, they were forced to yield to a grea­ter power, so that those who escaped from the combat, were all made Prisoners.

This did little advantage them, for the Bassa no sooner was entered into Newhausel, but he caused their heads to be cut off, and planted on the ramparts of the Town, with [Page 21] those who dyed with their Arms in their hands, as if he meant his cruelty should add to his glory. The Count de Taxis, who was of one of the best Families in Spain, and whose Ancestors have possessed time out of mind the Office of Great Master of the Posts of that Kingdom, was one of those miserable victims.

The Army, in the mean while held on the way to the Isle of Schut, and as she retir'd, news came of a greater mis­fortune, than the raising the siege of Newhausel. I mean of the Treason of the Hungarians, that were in the passage of Vaag, who instead of defending it, as was expected, joyned themselves to Count Teckely, chief of the Male-contents of [Page 22] Hungary, after they had Char­ged the other Troops, which were with them, for the de­fence of the passage. I cannot express, nor nobody with me, how great was the Armys con­sternation at the first news of this mishap. For every one imagining already to see the Turks at his elbow, thought of nothing but how to escape them; and as if they had nei­ther Arms nor Hands to op­pose them, they had the victory already yielded 'em without striking a stroke. But that which augmented still each ones fear, was, that of every party which was sent out from the rest of the Army, there return'd at most not above half, and generally in bad order.

Every body took pleasure in augmenting the Forces of the enemy. Some saying they were 300000 men, others 400 thousand, and exaggera­ting beyond all truth the cru­eltes which they had exercis'd along the way. So ingenious are men when they are set upon it to do themselves mischief.

In fine, the Turks having past the Vaag, and possessed them­selves of all places, which are between that River and the Danube, arrived on the banks of this latter, where they built a Bridge above the Papas, over which passed their Infan­try. The Cavalry with the Baggages passed over the Pa­pas. But the Army being nu­merous, and the multitude generally retarding enterprises, [Page 24] [...] [Page 25] [...] [Page] [...] [Page] [...] [Page 22] [...] [Page 23] [...] [Page 24] the Grand Visier made several detachements, some to plun­der the Country, others to pursue our Army, which had not yet gain'd the Isle of Schut. Those that were design'd for plunder, gather'd an inestima­ble booty of all things. For nothing being less suspected than the Treason of the Hun­garians, every one was there­fore in his house, far from thinking their misfortune so near.

All the Campain was then entirely pillag'd, and after the Infidels had satisfi'd their co­vetousness, they glutted their cruelty in the bloud of Aged persons. In fine, they set all on fire, sparing neither houses of Princes, nor Peasants; nor those of the Emperor, so [Page 25] that Luxemburg was burnt with several considerable Castles, and their vastations were sooner known at Vienna, than the revolt of the Hungarians.

The Tartars who were em­ploy'd in the ruine of so many men, and stately Buildings; retir'd with the same precipi­tation wherewith they came, fearing to be cut off in their way home; and left as many marks of cruelty in their re­treat, as they made appear in their coming. This news, which was soon known by our Army, perfected our dread and consternation. The Duke of Lorrain could find no body, who would undertake to bring him news of the enemies mo­tion, and when he sent out any, it seem'd as if he sent [Page 26] 'em to their Graves. So great­ly were they possess'd with an imagination of their force and cruelty. Yet the Army still advanc'd, the Infantry at the head, the Cavalry at the tayl with the Dragoons. The Bag­gage was on the left, and marcht separately with th [...] Regiment of Dragoons of Sa­voy, at the head of whom was the Chevalier of Savoy whose Father was the deceas'd Count of Soissons, the Infan­try of Count Taff was also for the guard of these Baggages with the Cavalry detach'd from diverse bodies. As we were at the bank of a River a party which the Duke o [...] Lorrain had sent out brough [...] him word, that the enem [...] was not above a league off [Page 27] which oblig'd him to remain in the rereguard, to give or­der that they might be re­ceiv'd as they ought. But the fear was so great, that instead of hearing this Command, the Cavalry forsook the Infantry, and retir'd under the Cannon of Vienna. The Duke of Lor­rain follow'd the Cavalry to make it return to its post, but not being able to become ma­ster of it, he Commanded the Infantry with all speed to pass ever in [...]o th [...] Isle of Schut, whi [...]h was n [...]ar, and to re­ [...] themselves inc [...]ssantly. W [...] [...]he avantguard passed, the [...] appear'd, and be­gan to [...]ge the Regiment of Montecucali, who h [...]d the rereguard. The Baggage was likewise attackt at the same [Page 28] time, and the Turks found so little resistance in the one and the other, that they promis'd themselves to obtain an entire Victory that very day.

In the mean while the Che­val [...]er of Savoy, who was as I sai [...], engag'd in the defence of the Baggage, having rally'd some Dragoons, and some o­thers that were well dispos'd, set himself to oppose the ene­my. But his men having been soon beat back, he was over­run by the Turks, and his horse falling backwards on him, the pummel of his Saddle with the weight of his horse crusht him to death. The Infantry on their side fought under favour of the Waggons, or to speak better, endeavour'd to make them a rampart against the [Page 29] stroaks of the enemy. But as soon as ever the Turks had open'd a p [...]ssage, every one began to throw down his Arms, and take his heels, so that in shanning death, they found it nearer and more ignominious. For the Turks lighting on 'em thus disarm'd, and without defence, kill'd them without the least dan­ger.

In fine, after they had kill'd about 800, they fell on the Baggage, which saved the rest of the Army. For whilst they were busied on pillaging, they which had not yet past over into the Isle of Schut made hast to get thither. We lost near 13 or 14 hundred men in this conflict, amongst whom were two Princes, to wit, the [Page 30] Chevalier of Savoy, and the Prince de Aremberg, three Counts of the Empire, and several Offi­cers. Moreover the Turks took a great booty, whose value was esteem'd at 3 hundred thousand Crowns: For the Prince of Montecuculi lost for his share near 20 thousand, the Prince of Baden a more considerable sum, and several other Offi­cers accordingly.

But though every particular person had enough to lament the loss of, yet this was the least trouble, for there were other things of greater con­cernment. The Infantry saw themselves abandoned by the Cavalry, and knew not well which way to turn them­selves. The Duke of Lorrain was gone after the horse, and [Page 31] the news of him was expected with the greatest impatiency. But he lost no time, being resolv'd to lose his life, or bring off his Infantry. In ef­fect, after some reproaches to the Cavalry, he tells 'em, the way to repair their fault, was to return to the enemy: That they need only follow him, for he hop'd by Gods assistance, how difficult soever the enterprise was, to come in a short time to the end of it.

He was become desperate by what had happen'd to him, and his affliction made him scarce known, so greatly was he alter'd by it. For besides the danger, wherein all the Empire lay, (he knew that the good and bad success of affairs were attributed only to the Com­manders,) [Page 32] he beheld his repu­tation in great danger, had not fortune seconded his Cou­rage. He marcht always for­most, and having given ne­cessary orders to avoid confu­sion, he sent away two men, by different ways, to advertise his Infantry, that he was com­ing to their assistance.

The Turks knowing his de­sign, made strait up to him, to dispute him the passage, but the Duke casting himself first amongst the firings of the enemy, open'd a passage with his Sword, having beat down before him all that oppos'd him. In fine, having re-joyn'd his Infantry, he was receiv'd with testimonies of esteem, and an extraordinary joy. He shew'd them on his [Page 33] side the satisfaction he took in delivering them from that great danger, but amidst these congratulations he learnt that the main body of the Ottoman Army drew near, and there­upon puts a great part of the Infantry into Raab, Comorra, Presburg, and withdrew with the rest of his Cavalry near Vienna.

The Emperor who had re­ceiv'd a fierce alarm by the suddain irruption of the Infi­dels, and who consider'd that after the revolt of the Hunga­rians, he could no longer re­main at Vienna in surety, be­thought himself at the same time of leaving it. But first augmented the privileges of the Scholars, which were al­ready very great, and conside­rable, [Page 34] that having receiv'd them as a recompence of their Courage which they shew'd heretofore against Solyman, when he besieg'd the City, this should be a fresh incite­ment to defend it with the same resolution. He gave al­so to the Shoomakers Appren­tices their Freedom, who were to the number of about 1500, in case they took Arms, and did any thing considerable for the Country.

In fine, having recommen­ded the City to Count Staren­berg, whom he left therein Governor, he departed carry­ing with him whatsoever he had valuable. He took the way of Lintz, accompanied with the two Empresses, the Princes his Children, and other Per­sons of Quality.

Every one wept at his de­parture, and this Prince had much ado to forbear himself. So greatly was he afflicted to be thus constrain'd to abandon his people to the mercy of the Infidels. In the mean time each one endeavour'd to fol­low him, to avoid the being expos'd to those mischiefs which they represented. In fine, there being not Coaches enough to carry all those that offer'd 'emselves, several Wo­men of Quality got behind like Lacques; so that one might have seen the first Prince in the World, follow'd by all the flower of the German Nobility, to go as an exul a­midst the screeches and lamen­tations of his people, who pre­sented 'emselves in his passage with showr's of tears.

Several Jesuits, who were very ready to follow the Em­peror for several reasons, were gotten into a Waggon, at the sight of whom the people turn'd their compassion into a just rage. And knowing their per­fidiousness was the cause of all these miseries, they fell upon 'em, and few escap'd their fury.

The Emperor all this while marched with a countenance sad and dejected like his for­tune. Others kept a mourn­ful silence, and although each had left their estates behind 'em, 'twas not known whether their own mishap or that of the Prince was to be most lamen­ted. In fine, this march much resembled a Funeral Pomp, when another spectacle en­creas'd [Page 37] the dolour and com­passion. For they beheld the other side of the Danube all in fire, and the Emperor having caused his Coach to stop, knowing not at first what it was, soon perceiv'd 'twas the Turks, who shew'd there new testimonies of their barbarous cruelty. He could not with­hold his tears at the sight of a thing so much needing his compassion, and although he did all he could to refrain his grief, he could not effect it.

Being arriv'd at Lintz, he staid there some days expect­ing the whole Court, which could not part at the same time with him. And every one being come near his per­son, he travell'd thence to Passaw, where he resolv'd to [Page 38] wait the events of the War. There came news every day which served to accomplish his misery; for in effect he was inform'd from Hungary, that all places revolted from him, and that he had reason to sus­pect those about him of that Country, who mutter'd un­sufferable things against his government.

In the mean time the Turkish Army advanc'd still on the side of Vienna, which oblig'd the Duke of Lorrain, who could not resist them, to put forces into the place, and thence to retire. He put in effectually 12000, who with the ancient Garrison, amounted to about 15000 men, besides the Scho­lars, Handycrafts men, and seve­ral other Inhabitants, who were able to do service.

Count Starenberg seeing the Turks were coming strait to Vienna, assembl'd all the peo­ple, and made to 'em a short discourse to this effect. That b [...]fore the enemy blockt up the way, he was d [...]sirous of knowing who were for staying in the Town, and who for leaving it. That they need only freely tell him, for he meant no hurt thereby to the one nor the other. Moreover as to those who were for staying with him, he must as freely discover his resolutions to defend the place to the utmost extremity, so that if they had not Courage enough, to share with him both the honour and danger, which must accom­pany all their actions, they would do better to depart than stay. At which words every one cryed out, he was ready to dye [Page 40] for his Country, and Starenberg seeing their forwardness, bid them hold up their hands as they would be faithful to God and their Emperor; at the same time one might have be­held an infinite number of hands lifted up in the Air in sign of fidelity.

Starenberg having congra­tulated their forwardness, sent away useless persons out of the Town. But being about to turn the Women out, they entreated him not to do it, promising to work as well as the Souldiers, which so satisfi'd him, that he caused but few of 'em to depart. In the mean while he made an Inventory to be brought him of the muni­tions of War, and provision; and found he had more corn [Page 41] than he needed, but few cat­tel for so great a Garrison. He also found he had less powder, and other necessaries, and no one could tell whom to charge with this neglect, for time was not wanting whereby to pro­vide all things: All that could be said, was, that 'twas hop'd the place would be succor'd before they came to want these things. For otherwise, this neglect of the Officers could not be sufficiently blam'd, who believing the Turk dar'd never begin his Campain there, thought it sufficient to store Raab, Comorra, and Presburg, which they imagin'd lay more expos'd to danger. Yet was not this an excuse for them, whose care ought to have pro­vided against whatsoever might happen.

But not to reprehend any one here, I shall only say that the Turks finding no body in the field to withstand them, exten­ded their Army in such a man­ner, that it contain'd above 30 miles in front. They burnt thus a great deal of the Coun­try, and having left every where the marks of their cru­elty, the Army attackt the Isles which are on the Danube about Vienna, and having made 'emselves masters of them, they thereby took away all communication which they held with the Town.

On the other hand, the Par­ties which the Grand Visier had sent out, possess'd themselves of several Castles, of which they burnt those which were us [...]less to 'em, and put in [Page 43] Garrisons in the others which might secure their Convoys. Yet had they left a great ma­ny Troops about Raab, Comorra and Presburg, to curb those Garrisons, which without this, had been likely to disturb the forragers, and hinder those who came every day to their Army, from travelling in surety. Count Teckely who had exci­ted great troubles in Hungary, where he held intelligence with all the great ones, the most part of which were his kin­dred, had march'd in the mean time on the frontiers of Poland, to hinder not only the effect of the league, which I have already mention'd, which was concluded by the Empe­ror and the King of Poland, but likewise to possess himself [Page 44] of some Castles, which were necessary for this design. He took several of 'em without any trouble, because the great ones of the Country, who desir'd only some pretence to appear compell'd to take Arms against the Emperor, were very glad of this opportunity, and failing not to publish, they could do no otherwise than declare themselves on the side of the strongest, seeing they were forsaken by him who ought to protect them, they took part with Teckely, so that his Army every day conside­rably encreas'd. There was only one Barron of the Coun­try, named Johanelli, who made resistance in his Castle of Pa­nowits, and who oblig'd Teck­ly to a formal attacking him.

This Castle being situate on the top of a Mountain where­unto 'twas difficult to bring up the Cannon, held Teckly a longer time than he could well spare from his affairs. For whilst he was employ'd before that place, General Schuts, who had order to joyn the Troops of Prince Lubomirski, (then on their march from Poland in great diligence,) hasten'd to execute his orders, and effected 'em before Teckely could hinder him.

Teckely enrag'd, that such a place as this should make him miss so considerable an occa­sion, batter'd the Castle of Panowits with such fury, that the Cannon having made a breach wherein might pass 10 men a breast, he resolv'd to [Page 46] give a terrible assault. Where­upon the Baron Johannelli, (whose Garrison consisted of not above 200 men, and they people pickt up here and there, and who fought rather to save their goods, which they had laid up in the Castle, than for honour) sent a messenger to Teckely, to let him know that he would surrender upon cer­tain conditions. But this Ge­neral was so enrag'd, as I already mention'd, that he had made him lose so much time, which he might to good purpose have us'd elsewhere, that he would not have granted a surrender upon any Terms, if the Hungarian Lords, who were some of 'em his own kinsmen, and some Johannelli's, had not interpos'd their intrea­ties to give him his life.

Teckly marching from thence encamp'd at Tokay, where un­derstanding the Grand Visier march'd on the side of Eseck, he parted from his Camp with 2000 horse, to meet and con­ferr with him about what they had to do during this Cam­pain. The reception which the Grand Visier gave Teckely, surpriz'd those which accom­panied him, so great was the kindness shew'd him. But this Turkish Minister had pri­vate ends in doing this, con­sidering it necessary to insinuate into the minds of the Hungarian Lords there present, that he came rather to give them assi­stance, than to enlarge the do­minions of his Master, which were already but too great, and of too vast extent. He receiv'd [Page 48] him then not as a Baron of the Country, but as him for whom his Master reserv'd the Crown of Hungary, of which he was very willing to give him assu­rances, in presence of the prin­cipal Turks and Hungarians: To the end, that the news of it flying every where, might produce the effect he expected. He, in the mean time, orders him, to possess himself of the passage of Oralva, through which he expected the coming of the King of Poland, assu­ring him that thereon depended the success of the promises which he made to him in the name of the Grand Signior.

Things were in this posture, when the Grand Visier sat down before Vienna. He imme­diately attackt the Subburb of [Page 49] Leopolstad, which is separated from the Town only by an Arm of the Danube, and ha­ving made himself master of it, after a fierce dispute on both sides, he raised two Bridges on the River, the easier to communicate with his own Troops, who were scatter'd up and down, some in the Isles, others in the main land. He expected in the mean while his great Ordnance, which could not arrive so soon, be­cause as I have already said, they were forc'd to draw it by land, which was very tedious, especially the ways being so uneven.

In the interim, to lose no time, the Grand Visier set 'em to work at the lines of circum­vallation, and contravallation, [Page 50] which were all of 'em very irregular, by reason of th [...] situation of the Country, bu [...] which were yet no less strong▪

For the former were Can­non proof, and the latte [...] defended by good redoubts which were rais'd in an equ [...] distance.

'Till the lines of circumva [...] lation were drawn, the thi [...] part of the Ottoman Army [...] still at Bivac, and althoug [...] the rest kept quiet in thei [...] Tents, yet had they order [...] be ready at the first comman [...] so that the horses remain' [...] saddled all night. The line [...] being finish'd, they were n [...] longer guarded but by loo [...] bodies of men, which affo [...] ded some rest to the Army which was exceeding weary [Page 51] by continual standing to their Arms, for they were not on­ly oblig'd to frequent watch­ings, but forc'd to keep-continually on horseback, ei­ther to meet the Convoys, or for other exigences of War.

On our side there was a great fault committed, for instead of wasting the Corn and Grass growing in the fields, t' incommodate the ene­my, they were both left un­toucht, which was the cause that the enemies Army, as nu­merous as it was in horse, had no need to go far for forage.

Whilst this past, Count Starenberg had interrupted the work of those that labour'd at the lines of contravallation, by frequent sallies. But find­ing this proceeding disadvan­tagious [Page 52] to him (for their fell such a multitude of Turks on his men, that they were always forc'd to give way,) he con­tented himself with firing the Cannon at 'em, which did good execution, 'till the enemy had made themselves shelters. These lines being finish'd, they opened their Trenches, placing 4000 horse to defend the Workmen.

The fire of the Town was very great all the night, du­ring which Count Starenberg, caus'd several Artificial fires to be thrown over the Walls, to discover on what side the enemies were at work.

The great Ordnance of the Turks being now arriv'd, 'twas plac'd on several Mounts, the bet­ter to do Execution. The Grand [Page 53] Visier set 20 thousand men to guard it, in case the Christians should attempt to enclose it. For an Italian, who had fled into his Camp, assur'd him that Count Starenberg had such a design, and although the enterprise appear'd to him so difficult, that he could scarce credit it, yet was he resolv'd to be wan­ting in no manner of precaution.

He caus'd 4 batteries to be rais'd, two of which plai'd against one bastion, so that one might say they were one and the same battery, were it not that they ruin'd it on both sides. As to the two o­thers, they were plac'd against two other works, which de­fended the City on the side of the Scotch and Red Gates, where the Grand Visier de­sign'd [Page 54] to make his attack.

As soon as ever these bat­teries were finish'd, they were so well supply'd, that the Town receiv'd a thousand shot the first day, and more than 16000 the two next: All the City Cannon were in these 3 days dismounted, and great numbers were wounded, with several Officers kill'd in their attendance on it. This furious beginning fill'd the whole City with terrour, which was encreas'd by the Bombs, that set several parts on fire, and that were with great difficulty quench'd.

The Citizens, who were not us'd to these kind of dis­asters, had already lost above half their Courage, which they shew'd before the siege [Page 55] began. And Count Starenberg knowing there were not wan­ting some who began to talk of a surrender, caus'd a Gallows to be set up in the Market­place; swearing in the pre­sence of some of the princi­pal Citizens, that he would hang thereon the first that should mention any such mat­ter.

This severity, which was not unseasonable, retain'd the most fearful in their duty and obedience. But lest the Citi­zens should infect the Soldiers with the same fears, he hindred, as much as in him lay all com­munication with 'em. And although he first thought to distribute some of his Soldiers amongst the City Trained-bands, to make them the [Page 56] more hardy and expert, yet he chang'd his resolution, lest as I now mention'd, the fear of the one, should lessen the Courage of the other.

The Emperor, who was at Passam, as I already observ'd, receiv'd in the mean time messengers every day from the Duke of Lorrain, who inform'd him what he could of the siege, of which he was but indiffe­rently inform'd himself. For two men which Count Staren­berg sent him, were taken by the Turks, as they endeavour'd to pass over to his Camp, and were at the same time hang'd, for having Letters found about 'em. He could not then know more, than what common fame brought him, which took plea­sure to make things worse than [Page 57] they were, every one regula­ting the present, by what had past, which indeed was not very fortunate.

The Emperor was in a mor­tal anguish touching what would become of him. For on one hand the most Christian King, having made his Troops to march toward the fron­tiers of Germany came thither in person, and 'twas reported his designs were against Cologn, or Philipsburg, having Pensio­ners, as well in one place as the other. In effect in the latter of these one Nigrelly was suspected, and in the former the whole Town.

Moreover the King of Spain was so dangerously sick, that he was given over by his Phy­sicians; whereupon the Em­peror [Page 58] consider'd in case he dyed, the King of France would have several claims to decide with him, and fall boldly on the Empire, which perhaps otherwise he durst not at­tempt, lest he should draw on him the hatred of the Chri­stian Princes.

Being troubled with these fears, he receiv'd two grateful messengers the one informing him the King of France was return'd home, and the other that the King of Spain was on his recovery. He wanted only to hear the siege of Vienna went ill on the Visiers side, but was inform'd on the contrary, that the Turks every day recruited their Camp, with fresh Troops, and their endeavours grew e­very [Page 59] moment more successful against the Town: This news banisht the joy from his heart which he had conceiv'd at the former. And forgetting not to hasten the succors which he was promis'd from several parts, he sent expresses into all Courts to represent the necessity he had of assistance, and to excite his Allies to a speedy contri­bution.

In the mean while the Mar­quess of Seppeville, Envoy from the King of France to the Em­peror, was the person from whom the bad news of the siege was sooner learnt than from any other. And he made it his business, to retail it out to every one, although this made him suspected by the Emperor; seeing he dispatcht [Page 60] four messages in one week to the King his Master. He hop'd perhaps by this means to give him a great deal of satisfaction, but he at the same time inspir'd the Prince of Conti with a de­sire to signalize himself against the Infidels, who was more­over discontented at the Kings giving to his prejudice the Government of Languedoc to the Duke of Maine, his natural Son; which had been promis'd him in espousing Madamoiselle de Blois. He communicated his design only to Prince Eu­genus of Savoy, Brother to the Chevalier of Savoy, who was kill'd in the service of the Emperor, as I have already mention'd, lest in making more acquainted with it, some one should discover it to the King.

He resolved to part from the Court, on Monday the 25th of July, and having commanded his Coach-man to tarry for him at the Pallace Royal, where was Monsieur the Duke of Orleans lately come from Ver­sailles, he mounted on Horse­back with Prince Eugenus, attended only by a Page, but without a Livery, and took Post for the Road of Senlis. About ten miles from Paris, a Postillion knew him, so that the Prince of Conti having spoken to him, and the other giving him his Title, the Prince askt him whether he knew him, and the other answering he did, he gave him four Pistols, not to discover which way he went, & changing Hats with him, thought he might [Page 62] thus pass on unknown. But this fellow had no sooner left him, but carries the Hat to the House of Conde, which he gave to Gourville intendant of Monsieur the Prince, Uncle to the Prince of Conti.

They were all till then in great trouble, for his Coach­man who had waited for him at the Pallace Royal till eleven at night, had set all the house in Alarum. And it being known, he had left the Court, this troubled Ma­dam the Princess of Conte, but yet not so much as the King, who could not imagine what was become of him. The King had sent word hereof to the Prince of Conde, who was then at Paris by the Duke of Fuiel­lade, and this Prince who was [Page 63] ready to return to Chantilly, came to him, to remain asure­ty for his Nephews Fidelity. In the mean time those that believed they knew him, said he was not much troubled at this disparition, which shewed the Prince of Conti had cou­rage, and could not suffer the Duke of Maine to be preferred before him without Resent­ment.

Immediately as soon as 'twas certain at Court what Road he had taken, the King sent several Messengers after him, and gave one of them, whose name was Saintraillees, and belonged to the Prince of Conde, a Letter for him, written with his own hand, in which he called him his Son; but which at the same time told him, that if he return'd [Page 64] not speedily, hee'd never see him. Whilst 'twas doubted, consi­dering his circumstances, whe­ther he would obey or no, the Prince of Conde sent him Let­ters of Exchange for twenty thousand Crowns, knowing he had carried but 600 Pistols with him; and that his occasions would require them if he went further. But this being an encouragement to him to con­tinue his Journey, rather than break it, gave every man oc­casion to believe, the Prince of Conde would not be much troubled should he not shew himself so obedient.

This Princes departure, to signalize himself against the Turks (for 'twas not doubted but 'twas his design) gave ample matter of discourse to [Page 65] the people, some attributing this resolution to the reason which I before related, others to a domestick grievance, which was muttered soon after his Marriage.

But to return to Saintrailles, he arrived at B [...]ussels the same day he parted from Versailles. And being informed the Prince of Conti only past thorow it, and had taken the road of Co­logn, he got to Namur, whence he came down by the Meuse, to Liege, where he rested a­while: and taking post thence used such diligence, that he overtook the Prince of Conti, who seeing in the Kings Letter, the threatnings he used, he re­solved on obeying him, so that having embraced Prince Eu­genus, of whom the King made [Page 66] no mention, and who was re­solv'd to continue his Journey, and given him a Diamond of great value, he leasurely re­turned toward France, sending Saintrailles before him, who long'd to give the King an ac­count of his Journey. But Saintrailles found the King in such a surprize by the Death of the Queen, who dyed in a manner suddenly, that he had scarce leasure to think on the Prince of Conti. Yet was he well enough pleased at his obe­dience, seeing it much con­cerned him, that whilst he en­deavored at the ruin of the house of Austria, she should not have a Prince of the Blood in her hands, for whom she might expect a great Ransom, supposing she could not so [Page 67] greatly exasperate his discon­tents, to make him use his Arms against his Allegiance.

The affairs of the Prince of Conti bearing some Relation to the subject I handle, I hope will be a sufficient excuse for the digression. I shall now return to the Siege of Vienna, which the Turks continued with suc­cess, sometimes favourable and sometimes contrary. Sta­remberg seeing they advanced in their works, still made some Sallies, in one of which he had so briskly charged 'em, that if all their Horse had not come into their assistance with the Janisaries, he had made a grievous rout amongst them and their works. But finding the match to grow unequal, he sounded a retreat, and what­soever [Page 68] good order he observed, yet did he lose several Officers of note, and no small number of common Soldiers.

Soon after this he discovers a dangerous enterprize, begun by two Christians against the City, one of which was an Albanian by Nation, and the other of Candia. Their design was to set fire on some parts of the Town, under pretence of quenching that which often was fired by the Enemies Bombs. But there being found Straw, instead of water in their hands, they were apprehended, and put on the Rack, where confessing their crime, they were punished as they deser­ved. Their heads were after­wards sever'd from their bodies and set upon the wall, not only [Page 69] that they without might know their secret practises were dis­covered, but also to keep those within from the like Treasons.

In the mean time the Turkish Army receiving no recruits, but what were brought by Camels and Waggons, did not so abound, but that they were often in want. Forrage more­over became thin near the Army, and therefore they were forced to go far. In this necessity the Grand Visier sent part of his Horse on the side of Raab, and caused a party of Foot to come to the Camp, which lay on that side the Country, of which he had more need than of the Horse.

With this Foot which were all in breath the designs greatly [Page 68] advaneed. So that the Grand Visier seeing himself no further from the Counterscarp than ten paces, resolved to attack it after he had sprung a mine, in the Ruins of which he thought he might securely lodge. But the mine instead of damnify­ing the besieged, falling on the side of the aggressors, several that had advanced to be ready for the assault were destroyed in its Ruins. Whose places being fill'd up by others, the Counterscarp was attackt with such Vigor, that 'twas wrested by the Swords point. But Staremberg, who considered that if he gave the Turks time to lodge themselves there t'would be the loss of the Town, sent thither fresh men, which after a sharp dispute on both sides, [Page 71] drove the Turks thence, of whom [...] they made a great Slaughter.

The Turks believing their honour was concerned to retake the Counterscarp, and better keep it than before, blew up another Mine, which proving more effectual than the former, made one part of the work fly up into the Air, together with some men that were upon it. Which daunting the Christians courage, several began to faint and give way, whilst the Jani­saries assisted by the Work­men, possest themselves of the Counterscarp. They began at the same time to entrench them selves, when Staremberg hasten­ing to his Men's assistance en­deavored to hinder 'em, and with his Sword in his hand [Page 72] vigorously attackt them, min­gling several Granadiers with his Soldiers, in whom he had plac'd his chief confi­dence.

The Janisaries although they had not time to shelter them­selves, yet fail'd not to receive him bravely, and having like­wise advanc'd their Granadiers, and being possess'd of the higher ground, they scarcely fir'd a­ny Granado which had not its effect: the heat of the Chri­stians insensibly abated, and Starenberg perceiving they gave ground, bethought himself of a retreat, plainly perceiving all his endeavours would be fruitless.

In effect, Starenberg having made the Counterscarp on the side of the City to be Coun­ter-min'd, [Page 73] and his Mine being unperceiv'd, he had no sooner retir'd far enough, but he blew it up, which caused several Turks to caper in the Air. The Turks were by this put in great disorder, and Sta­renberg resolving to make his advantage of it, return'd to the Charge before they could put themselves in order. But a Battalion advancing to their assistance, the fight began a­gain with equal heat, but with a success very different.

For the Turks finding them­selves refresh'd every moment, instead of losing Courage, felt their forces augmenting, whilst the Christians whose Ranks ap­pear'd thin, as any one might see by half a look, began to waver. In effect that which [Page 74] they had before their eyes, was a spectacle terrible enough to astonish the most resolute. For they could not make a step, but they must pass over the bodies of their Compani­ons, the greatest part of which, lying gasping for life, were trodden to death by the mul­titude.

Starenberg seeing that instead of restoring good order a­mongst his men, the disorder every moment encreas'd, chang'd the design which he had of Re-taking the Counter­scarp, into that of preserving what had yet escap'd the Ene­mies hands. And having made his retreat, and taken great care of the wounded, he made a review of those Forces he had left him; which [Page 75] he found diminish'd by a third part, not so much by Sallies, and in this last occasion, as by the Dysentery or Flux which began to rage in the Town, as well amongst the Citizens as Soldiers. In effect the fa­tigues together with the bad food they eat, had so heated the bloud of most of 'em, that they fell sick every day. And it being impossible for 'em af­ter this to do service, the rest, whose weariness en­creas'd as fast as the number of the others diminish'd, were soon in the same condition, or at least so tir'd out with la­bour and watching, that they were all ready to drop down as they march'd. Staren­berg found himself struck with this distemper, which [Page 76] cast 'em all into a general damp, it being obvious to every one that the Town could not be defended without him. It being fear'd if he continued his incessant labours any lon­ger, he would fall at length under a dangerous malady, he therefore was entreated to give himself rest, and those of the principal Officers who still enjoy'd their perfect health, offer'd the best of their assistance to ease him. But Starenberg considering with a great deal of reason, that the condition wherein things lay, requir'd a greater industry than his own, would therefore trust to no body, so that although he was very ill, yet did he order all things, as if he had been in perfect health.

In the mean time the Turks having made themselves ma­sters of the Counterscarp, and repaired it the best they could, to keep it, brought up their Ordnance to it, and there planted 'em, which began to make a horrid confusion in the Town. They beat down above 300 Foot of the Wall, with one part of the Ravelin: And Starenberg desirous to re­medy both these inconveni­encies, caused a retrenchment to be drawn in the City, over against the Wall which the Turks had beat down. As to the Ravelin, he would have repaired it, but the enemies Cannon hinder'd him, and he was forc'd to content him­self with half finishing it.

The Duke of Lorrain had in this time pitch'd his Camp between Vienna and Crembs, on the other side the Danube, where he had a Bridge of Boats, over which he made his men pass as oft as they had occasion. He had streng­thened the head of his Bridge with two good Forts, where he had lodg'd his Cannon and Foot Soldiers; so that the E­nemy willing to drive him thence, sent out a Party to surprise Tulm, which would have made his Bridge useless, because that after they had rendred themselves masters of the Town, they would have put therein a Garrison, which would have so straitly pressed our men, that they could not extend themselves beyond [Page 79] the Danube, as they did be­fore.

The Duke of Lorrain ha­ving notice of this design, sent word to the Governor of Tulm to beware of surprizes. In the mean while to prevent the Enemies return without fighting, he sent out a Party of his men, almost as numerous as that of the Enemy, and be­ing both met, they so roughly encountered, that there re­main'd of both sides a great number dead in the field. Yet the advantage lay on the Christians side, who put the Turks to flight. But they not daring to pursue 'em too far, for fear of falling into some ambush, were oblig'd to rest contented with what they had already perform'd.

This happy success was seconded by several others. For two or three Parties of our men, having met with several Troops of the Enemy, kill'd a great number of 'em, and made the rest Prisoners of War.

But this was not sufficient, for without a speedy succor, Vienna was in great danger, Envoys were therefore dis­patcht into all Courts, to know what withheld 'em from sending that assistance they promis'd, and which the City so much needed.

The Pope joyn'd not only entreaties to those of the Em­peror, but also a great num­ber of Briefs, of which the Court of Rome was never sparing, and by which he [Page 81] granted great indulgences to those that succor'd Vienna with Money, and an assurance of going strait to Paradice, to such as dyed in so just a quar­rel.

But he being sensible that all this would not signifie much, if he added not there­unto effective assistance, he therefore sent good sums of Money to the Emperor, part of which came from his own Coffers, and the rest from the Cardinals, who did this not so much out of devotion, as to assure their own Fortunes, which would have been sha­ken, had Vienna fell under the Ottoman power. The Pope likewise sent Ranucci into France in quality of his Nuncio, to move that King [Page 82] to contribute to the succor of Vienna. And to make him the more welcom, gave him consecrated Agnusses to pre­sent from him to the Duke of Burgundy, Son to Monsieur the Dauphin.

But the King being not over joyful at the news of his com­ing, sent an express to Ra­nucci not to pass beyond Or­leans; under pretence that he was setting out himself for the Frontiers; for what I re­late happen'd about the month of May.

In the mean time the Dy­sentery instead of abating in the City, every moment en­creas'd, so that near an hun­dred persons dyed every day, as well Citizens as Soldiers. As to Starenberg, if the good [Page 83] dyet he used, and which o­thers had not, contributed on one hand to his recovery, on the other, God who would not chastise the Christians by the loss of Vienna, permitted him by little and little to recover his health, that he might continue his diligence as he had begun.

Yet things were still in a very bad case, howsoever we consider 'em. For on one side the Garrison were ready to drop down with faintness, and on the other no comfor­table news came of succour; besides 'twas reported and that not without truth, that the King of Poland had about him persons that were Pensioners of France, who endeavour'd to insinuate, that there could [Page 84] be no surety to the King­dom, in making its Forces march out, whilst there were such dangerous enemies at the Gate, and such as were glad of, and lay ready for such an opportunity.

Yet receiving news continu­ally from that King of his rea­diness to march, these assu­rances balanced the contrary reports, which Starenberg took care to conceal from his Gar­rison; for 'twas to be fear'd lest this ill news should quite emasculate the Soldiers Cou­rage, who appear'd already but too faint, by so many un­happy events, and such a dan­gerous distemper wherewith they were afflicted.

But that which contributed to render this malady more in­curable, [Page 85] was the Airs being so infected by the stench of the dead Bodies which lay un­buried, that it could not be more dangerous in a time of Plague. The cause of this stench was that Starenberg would not yield to any terms of a Truce propos'd by the Visier, to take away those of his party, who had been kild in so many several skirmishes, hoping that besides the displea­sure he would receive there­by, this would be a spectacle to damp the Courage of the Soldiers, when in march­ing up to the Charge, they should see before their Eyes the fortune of their Compani­ons, which would be a pre­sage to them of the like.

Howsoever whether 'twas this infection or something else, which brought this grievous sickness into the Town, they were so greatly incommodated by it, that they would willing­ly have been deliver'd from of it at the cost of a greater danger from the enemy. Yet did this distemper rage as well in the Camp of the Turks, of which there dyed every day near 300, but which was scarce perceva­ble, because they continually receiv'd fresh supplies, which made up their losses. But these being people never train'd up in War, they seem'd to come there only to fill up a number, and not to encrease the forces of their party, and being not accustom'd to undergo the fa­tigues of War, the greatest part [Page 87] of 'em fell sick at the end of two days, and rather encreas'd the confusion than confidence of the Army.

Starenberg who had advice of whatsoever happen'd in their Camp, took thence occasion to excite his people to patience, to whom he declar'd by a kind of prediction, that the coming of the King of Poland would per­fect the ruine of the Infidels, and prove the deliverance of the City. And indeed 'twas time for him to come, now or never. For the Turks be­ing advertiz'd that he was upon his march, used their utmost endeavours to become masters of the Town; they had gain'd a Bastion, in taking of which, they surpass'd themselves, if one may so say. [Page 89] For although the Christians had made a marvellous resi­stance, and such as might be expected from persons enspi­red by a noble despair; all this had hitherto served only to set a greater luster on the valour of the Enemy.

The Bastion being taken, they attackt the Ravelin before mentioned, at the taking of which continuing to Testify their Courage, they forced all within to leave it to 'em. But a Mine which the Christians had made, being at the same time blown up, they found in another kind of death, that death which they despised un­der a different figure.

They attempted afterwards a descent into the ditch, set up their gabions and gallery, [Page 88] and thundring at the City more than ever with their Cannon, they prepared them­selves to carry it by a gene­ral assault, before the King of Poland could arrive. The day was set for so great a de­sign, being the 29th of August, a day sacred amongst them, and which they Solemnized with a great deal of Supersti­tion.

In the mean time the Visier caressed the Officers to en­courage them the more, telling 'em the day was come to put an end to their Labors, he ex­horted them not only to do their duty, but every one in particular to incourage his Souldiers. These Officers in complyance with the command of the Visier, called together [Page 90] their Regiments, under pre­tence of viewing their Arms. And taking thence occasion to speak of the enterprize, which the Grand Visier had formed, told them 'twas their fault the whole War was not ended in one day. That if they took Vienna, not only all the Chri­stian Towns, which were in Hungary, would surrender of themselves, without striking a stroke, but a way thorow all Germany would be laid open, where there was no strong City, a good and plentiful Country, and wherein every one would find a recompence of his labour. As they held with 'em this discourse, the Grand Visier, who was come out of his Tent, to Authorize by his presence the words of [Page 91] his Commanders, appeared from one end of the line to the other, where in passing, he smiled on every one, to shew his approbation of what the Captains had told 'em: then he begins to order all things necessary for the attack. So that Staremberg fearing greatly that day, was as careful on his side that every one should prepare himself to do his best, in such an urgent Occasion. In the mean time he burnt the Gallery which the Enemies had made in the ditch, and having thrown several Artificial fires on the Wood which they heap­ed therein, he so happily set it on fire, that the Turks who ran thither with all their en­deavours, could not put it out. The fire which they of the [Page 92] Town made was so great in this rencounter, that the like was never seen, and as the Turks were busied in quench­ing the fire in the Faggots, there were several of 'em kil'd, and many wounded.

This happy success rais'd up the Christians courage, but did not abate that of the In­fidels, who preparing them­selves, as by a prelude for a general assault, came to make some essays of their forces, pretending sometimes to re­build their Gallery, other­whiles to carry away the Town. And although they did not use all their strength, yet did they so harrass the Gar­rison, which every day grew weaker, that the Souldiers were scarce able to stand on their Leggs.

'Twas about this time, that the Grand Signor reckoned him­self so sure of the City, that he suffered Count Caprara, who had been detained by diverse pretences, to return to the Emperor. And as this cir­cumstance may serve to unde­ceive those, who imagine that Empire has less policy than power, I shall mention here, under what colour he was re­tain'd, and what was the real cause of it.

The Grand Signor appre­hending, lest the Christians should joyn together for the assistance of the Emperour, had thereupon amused all a­long this Minister with some propositions of peace. But Caprara perceiving 'twas a folly to expect it, seeing he [Page 94] demanded no less than the Crown of Hungary, would have several times been gone, but they would not let him. The affair of Count Serini, whom the Emperor had ap­prehended, by reason of the intelligence which he held with Teckely, furnished the Grand Signor with a pretence, (who knew not how to detain any longer this Minister) to tell him he must serve for an hostage, till he knew in what manner they used Count Serini, to whom he would willingly have the Emperour know he granted his Protection. Yet all these proceedings were only to have a person near him, to whom he might make propositions of peace, in case the King of Po­land with the other Christian [Page 95] Princes, should march to the succour of Vi [...]nna. But the Grand Visier sending him word that this Prince was still a great way off, and that he should take the Town, before he could come to its assistance, he thereupon dismist Caprara, who was not a little glad of this his Resolution, not reck­oning himself in safety whilst in the hands of this barbarous Prince, whose Will stood for Law to all those under his power.

Things were in this posture, when Count Staremberg, who had found out a way for money, to acquaint th Duke of Lorrain with his condition, which re­quired a speedy succour, viz. That the Garrison was much weakned, and although it [Page 96] shewed still the same Resolu­tion, yet 'twas to be scared, their strength would sooner fail than their courage. That his stock of Powder would be soon exhausted, as well as the Granadoes, yet he believed he had enough, if (what he had heard say were true) to wit, that the King of Poland was at hand. The Duke of Lorrain answered Staremberg by the same man that brought him the Letter. Who being got safe into the Town, had no sooner delivered his Letters to Staremberg, but this Governour finding they confirmed the ar­rival of the King of Poland, and that the Town would be soon reliev'd, imparted this good news to the Citizens and Garrison.

Which so greatly encourag­ed both, that it gave new strength to resist the Turks when they should come to make their grand assault, and the hope of being soon deliver­ed from danger, made them not only respect that which they had already been in, as a thing of small consequence, but moreover despise that wherewith they were now threatned. The Citizens de­sired to keep guard in the Soul­diers room, whom they would willingly have eased, but al­though Staremberg did not doubt of their good will, yet would he not trust them with the Posts of Consequence, fearing, least the Enemy com­ing at that time, they would not stand their ground so firm­ly [Page 98] as the Souldiers, who being of greater experience, mus [...] needs be less fearful.

In short, this terrible day▪ wherein the Turks were to do such wonders, being come, they betook themselves to thei [...] Arms, at the sound of thei [...] Drums, Hautbois and Trum­pets. They made several mar­ches to make the greater shew of their forces, and strike the City with greater fear. Which done, the Cannon which had played ever since break of day with more noise than Execu­tion, ceased, till it began by a general discharge, which was the signal of the assault which they intended.

At the same time one migh [...] see those that were to give th [...] first on-set, who were all i [...] [Page 99] battel array, at the entrance of the Trench separate them­selves one from another to march where they were or­dered; some with Axes, others with offensive Arms, but all with unusual briskness. The assault lasted six hours, during which the Christians went through great difficulties. For the Infidels were relieved con­tinually by fresh men, whereas the Christians had no sooner got rid of one Enemy, but they had to deal with a second, which was succeeded by a third, and so on.

The Citizens, whom Starem­berg had put all in Arms, some to guard the publick places, others to secure diverse pas­sages, knowing their whole fortune consisted in the defence [Page 100] of the Souldiers, whom they were informed were very hard put to it, desired Staremberg they might assist them.

The Count seeing his men ready to faint under the num­ber of the Enemy, was well enough pleased at this Offer. And seasonably putting 'em in mind of their Wives and Chil­dren, their Liberty and Reli­gion, he so greatly animated them, that they presented themselves on the Breach with more courage than he expected. The fight which seem'd to a­bate by the fatigue of the Souldiers, began there with great bravery. The Turks who now promised themselves an assured Victory, enraged to see it snatcht out of their hands, fought like men desperate. But [Page 101] the Christians urged by greater motives, to use their whole strength, so vigorously repul­sed them, that assisted by the Soldiers, who had taken breath, and the advantage, which commonly the besieged have over the Assailants, they made the Infidels turn their backs, a great number of whom re­mained in the breach.

The Grand Visier, seeing on what side soever he turn'd his men, things succeeded ill, soon sounded a retreat, lest matters should grow worse. He with­drew into his Camp mad with vexation and despair. For after this Tryal, wherein he had lost above 5000 men, be­sides those that were wounded, who were near the same num­ber, he fear'd, and that not [Page 102] without cause, his Troops should mutiny against him. In effect, the Janisaries who had suf­fered much in all the attacks, and especially in this latter, demanded without spending any more time fruitlesly before this place, to raise the siege, adding that of 12000 which they were but six weeks past, they now could number them­selves but six, and those so weakned, that they were not in condition to undertake any thing.

This beginning of a sedition was a greater affliction to the Grand Visier than the ill suc­cess which he came now from having in his enterprize, and it greatly concerning him to stifle it in its birth, he made use of the Aga, which is the [Page 103] name of him that commands them, and obtained from them at his intercession, to keep within bounds of their duty, in consideration of a certain sum of Money which he pro­mis'd them: a remedy ordi­narily used to appease their discontents, but which instead of effecting this, commonly, makes it spring up again on the first occasion.

The Grand Visier was no sooner freed from this trouble, but he fell into another. For he [...] [...]orm'd that the King of [...]oland, having been too hard for Teckely's vigilancy, marcht at a great rate to the succor of Vienna, and that his Avantguard was already ar­riv'd on the banks of the Danube, to which he would [Page 104] joyn himself in a few days.

At this news he caused the wounded and sick to be car­ried out of the Camp, and having added thereunto new fortifications, he bethought of reducing the Town, before the Poles came to attack him, which could not be yet, their Army being tired by a long march, and needed rest.

Several other Princes had joyn'd in person with their Troops the Army of the Em­peror, as the Duke of Bavaria, and the Duke of Saxony. Be­sides there came from all parts of Christendom, France ex­cepted, a great number of Lords and Persons of Quality to the Emperors Army. All which was likely to raise the siege, without any longer ex­pecting [Page 105] the King of Poland, supposing he had tarried any time. But these two Princes being unwilling to obey the Duke of Lorrain, and he being as unwilling to yield to them the command, all these great forces lay useless, till the King of Poland should come to make them agree. For they began already to look upon one ano­ther with an ill Eye, not con­sidering, that their business was not to contend for prehe­minence, but for the safety of Christendom.

As for the Marquiss of Bran­denbeurg, he had for some time flattered the Emperour with sending him a considerable sup­ply, but being urg'd to per­form what he had promis'd, and hindred by the Alliance of [Page 106] France, he sought a pretence to break his word, which he found in the demand of the Dutchy of Brieg, Lignits, and Wolnaw, over which he pre­tended a lawful Right. And truly the Emperor was reduced to such an extremity, that 'twas thought he would grant him his demands rather than be without his assistance. But what the Marquiss of Branden­burg did, being only for a fair pretence to disengage himself, he thereupon adds another de­mand, which he knew the Emperor would never grant him. To wit, to permit the Protestants of Silesia to have the free exercise of their Reli­gion, whereupon the Emperor plainly perceiving whence this dealing came, waited no more on his promises.

Count Waldec, who was declar'd Prince of the Empire, very lately, and who had Command of the Circular Troops given him, came like­wise into the Emperors Army, who by reason of his experi­ence in the War, and Zeal to his service, was willing to confer with him about the manner of saving Vienna. The Emperor approv'd of what­soever he offer'd him there­upon, but expecting the King of Poland, who was to decide the whole matter, this advice and that of several others, on the same subject, serv'd only to content him at that mo­ment, for the whole order of it was chang'd as soon as ever that Prince was come.

In fine, he arriv'd at Holbron, on the second of September, with the bravest Cavalry the World ever saw, but so tir'd, that 'twould be to hazard all, to attempt any thing in the Condition they were in. The Duke of Lorrain, who had taken care to store up Provision, for the refreshment of this Army against it came, went to meet him at Holbron, where the King of Poland re­ceiv'd him with great Testi­monies of Friendship and Con­fidence, although they had been both rivals in the pursuit of the Crown of Poland. The Duke of Bavaria, and the Duke of Saxony came thither also to salute him, and the King of Poland presented them his Eldest Son, named Alex­ander, [Page 109] a Prince of about 17 or 18 years of Age, who came to make his Apprentiship in the War, under the King his Father, who knew enough to instruct him. The former Compliments being ended, they held a Council of War, not to know whether they should succor Vienna, for that matter was resolv'd upon long before, but to resolve of the manner of doing it.

The whole affair being de­termin'd by 'em, 'twas com­municated to the Emperor, who having approv'd of what was offer'd, it only now lay upon 'em to dispose of things necessary for so great a design, and the Campain being not only wasted, but not so much as an inhabitant left in any of [Page 110] the houses, from whom might be expected the least matter, every man was forc'd to carry provision as well for his Horse as for himself.

The Grand Visier not being ignorant of the great prepa­rations which the Christians made against him, took all possible care on his side to make a good defence. Yet was he in no small inquietude how to effect this. For he was at variance with the chief­est Officers of his Army, who were of opinion that without delaying 'till the Christians came, they should retire to Newhausel, alledging to justifie the soundness of their advice, that their Army was so tired with this long siege, that the Soldiers had more need of rest [Page 111] than labour. And moreover that the greatest part of their men had never seen any thing more of War, than what this siege had shew'd 'em, how then could they resist an Army, which consisted of the flower of Christendom, and wherein moreover there were such a great number of Princes and persons of esteem, who came there to Conquer or to Dye. That there would be no like­lyhood of success in exposing the remainder of an unfortu­nate Army, against so flou­rishing a one, and against a Garrison, whose valour they had sufficiently experienc'd by the defeat of their best Troops, and so many assaults in vain. That whilst they had time, they should save not only the [Page 112] Army, but also the reputa­tion of the Grand Signior, which was sufficiently lessen'd, by so fruitless a siege, and wherein they had lost above 30 thousand men.

The Grand Visier answer'd to this, that the reputation of the Sultan would rather be lost, if after their remaining so long before a Town, where they had consum'd so much Money, they should be so base as to retire before they had struck a stroak. That their Army was twice as big as that of the Christians, and that if the Soldiers wanted expe­rience, 'twas enough their Leaders did not, seeing 'twas necessary to the former only to have Courage, and these to have skill. That the Turks [Page 113] should keep their ground, which was all that could be desired of a Soldier. That as to success, that indeed was uncertain, but howsoever they could not fail of this consola­tion, of having done their duty, and not having fled from the Enemy, which would over­whelm them with infamy all their days.

The Grand Visier's advice was to serve as a Law, where­fore they were forc'd to com­ply. In the mean while ap­prehending lest the Janisaries should joyn themselves to those who were for raising the siege, he took care to keep 'em within the bounds of their duty, and made 'em great promises, in case they behav'd themselves well in the fight. [Page 114] The next morning he took a review of his Army, which consisted still of an Hundred and Ten Thousand fighting men, and resolving to call to his assistance the Troops which he had left about Raab, and other places of Hungary, he sent others in their places, in whom he put not such con­fidence.

On the side which the Chri­stians had resolv'd to attack his lines, there stood a Wood, through which they must ne­cessarily pass to come at him. The Christians at the begining of the Campagn took care to make a commodious passage. But the Grand Visier believ'd he might annoy 'em, if he possest himself of it, he there­upon timely sent five or six [Page 115] Battalions, who had fell'd se­veral Trees, with which they retrenched themselves. On the other hand the Grand Visier, having left 20 Thou­sand men for the Guard of his Camp and Trench, marcht out of his Trenches with his Horse and Foot, whereof he form'd three lines, without reckoning the Body he had reserv'd, and possessing him­self of a little hill, which might be advantagious during the fight, he caused his Can­non to be brought thither, charging those who were pla­ced there above all things to abide firm.

In the mean while the Christian Army, the Com­manders of which had im­plor'd the divine assistance, [Page 116] by publick and private Pray­ers, marched with great con­fidence of Victory, having at its head a Prince of so great reputation, and who had al­ready beaten the Turks in se­veral other occasions. But as this Circumstance rais'd their Courage, so did it abase that of the Turks, who fear'd more the Poles than any Na­tion; so that they had rather it had been the Emperor at the head of his Forces, than to have there a King, whose Fortune and Valour they great­ly dreaded. But besides that the Emperor would not so greatly expose himself, the King of Poland came not so far to obey another, and the Emperor on his side would pretend to Command him, [Page 117] and therefore t'avoid all dis­putes he remain'd at Lintz, ordering Prayers to be said in all the Churches, which were never empty of people, who sought of God with the greatest fervor, to favour the Christian Army.

The Army being arriv'd at the Wood, the fight began, and was at first ob [...]inately e­nough maintain'd by both Parties. But the Christians who saw that if they behav'd not themselves fiercely in this occasion, the Grand Visier might refresh his Troops which would give them far more trouble, leapt over the re­trenchments of the Enemy, and having driven them from the Wood, kill'd as many of 'em as were not quick enough [Page 118] to save themselves. The Wood being wholly clear'd, the Avantguard of the Army drew up it self at the head of the Wood, to save the arrear­guard, fearing lest marching farther, without being in a condition to fight, the Grand Visier should march up towards them, and make advantage of the ill condition wherein he might find them. But he was unwilling to depart so far from Vienna, fearing lest while he was on the other side, the Christians would let out the Danube over one part of his Army, and attack those he had left for the keeping the lines, who would be too much put to it to resist at the same time these new Enemies, and the Garrison likewise, [Page 119] who would not fail to sally out.

And therefore he every mo­ment sent out Parties, to see what passed on the side of the Danube, for he was in greater fear of what might be done on that side, than on the other, al­tho he was advertised every moment that the Christians march'd against him, & should have 'em upon his skirts with­in an hour or two at farthest.

And indeed 'twas necessary these succors should be so near. For altho the Turks were not as yet in the Town, yet they were at least under it by means of their mines, which was the reason why Starenberg caus'd a Lanthorn to be put on the high Tower of S. Stephen, which was the sign, agreed upon by the Duke of Lorrain and he, [Page 120] when he should find himself in a great strait. His Miners also were so heartless, that he had all the difficulty in the World to make 'em work, be­sides the Garrison were so dampt by their incessant labors and toils, and which is worse reduced to 5 thousand 5 hun­dred men, of 16 thousand that they were in the beginning of the Siege. For if they lost six thousand by the hand of the Enemy, sickness had carried away few less, so that dying as they did in heaps, they were not burried one by one, but thrown ten or twelve together in an hole.

Those that had escaped so great danger, and who in ex­pectation of the same fortune, suffered themselves almost to [Page 121] languish away, being informed that the succors, with which they had been so often vainly flattered were near, and on this side the Wood, where they were seen already to appear, took their Arms with such courage, that a man would have thought 'em other men, than those one might have seen the other moment. They went all on the Rampart, without expecting any other command, than that which their courage inspired, and it much availd Staremberg, that they were in­livened by this new hope, for those whom the Grand Visier left to guard the Camp, and ordered to go up to the assault, as soon as ever they saw him March towards the Enemy, ac­quitted themselves with so [Page 122] great Resolution and constancy that they never had before done the like. In the mean time the besieged, who considered if they repelled this last effort, they should be delivered from the misery which had so long af­flicted them, fought with no less courage; so that never was an hotter dispute on both sides.

Whilst this happened, the King of Poland was ingaged with the Grand Visier, who had march'd up to him, with more courage than prudence. For without considering he left the Post, where he had lodged his Cannon, and whence he might greatly molest the Christians, he began the charge, whereas he should have expected the King of Poland to come and charge him. But whether he [Page 123] believed there was any advan­tage to him that gave the first onset, or would thereby ani­mate his men, of whose cou­rage he doubted, he neglected to use these precautions, of which he presently repented. For his Troops giving back, after the first charge, the Christ­ians, so boldly pursued them, that those that had the care of the Cannon durst not fire, lest it should prove as hurtful to their own men as ours.

Staremberg being advertized by persons whom he had pla­ced in the highest parts of the Town, that the beginning of the combate was as favorable to the Christians as could be desired, made at the same time a Sally out of the Garrison, who had already drove the [Page 124] Turks from off the Rampart. And several Citizens being mixt with the Soldiers, to share with 'em in the Honour, they all fiercely attackt the Enemy, who thought already of pack­ing up their baggage, from the advice which they had of the Grand Visier, that all things went ill on his part, and that they ought to think of a re­treat. Then every one with­out regretting what he had left in the Tent, minded only to save himself, when Staremberg at the head of his men charg'd them so vigorously, that they threw themselves down one upon another for haste, who should first get away. And the lines of circumvallation hindring 'em from passing so soon as they desired, they en­deavor'd [Page 125] to fill them up with their Muskets, which at that moment served for Pick­axes and Shovels, others with their hands; every one using more diligence to Ruin these lines than they had done to put 'em in the condition they were in. Staremberg seeing the dis­order wherein the Turks were, was ravisht at so happy an oc­casion. But his prudence, hin­dring him from going far from the Town, he contented him­self with sending some Horse after the hindermost, and staid himself in the mean time near the Walls, where he caused the Enemies works to be demolish­ed, lest things should change its face.

In the mean time these fu­gitives encreased the fear in the [Page 126] Visiers Army, which was al­ready but two great; for the King of Poland had defeated his left Wing, whose Horse left the foot at the discretion of the Poles, who had fallen upon 'em and put 'em to the Sword; as to the right Wing, it made a little more resistance. But the Grand Visier considering that in the condition wherein the fight was, it was impossible to restablish it, & that moreover the Trench was quitted, with all the works which had cost him so much blood, he resolv'd to spare that which remain'd; and to leave rather his Camp, and his Tents which were still standing, than to be the cause of shedding more by a fruit­less obstinacy. In this design he caused the Retreat to be [Page 127] sounded, but the foot being not able to follow the Horse, which rather fled than held on an orderly March, several of 'em were cut in pieces, and there were not a 4th part of 'em saved.

The King of Poland having made a Detachment, to put in­to the Town, and given thanks to God for his Victory, in the very Field where he gained it, gave strict command, under grievous penalties, that no one should leave his rank to plun­der. The Dukes of Bavaria, Saxony, and Lorrain, who had fought likewise with a great deal of courage, did as much on their side, and the keeping of the Turks Camp was con­sign'd to three thousand men, whilst a Council of War was [Page 128] call'd to know whether the Enemy, should be pursued, or they rest contented with the advantage already obtained. The advices were different, thereupon the King of Poland, and the Duke of Lorrain, with all those that were in the Em­perors interests, were for pur­suing their Victory, but the Dukes of Saxony and Bavaria, who came only to succour Vi­enna, would not any more hazard their Troops. Especi­ally the Duke of Saxony, who complained, that by reason of his Religion, they had been made to suffer enough all ready. In effect the best quarters were not his, and he had heard that they suspected lest his Troops having their Winter quarters in Hungary, should hold intel­ligence [Page 129] with Teckely. This Prince seeing then, that after he had traverst a great Coun­try, hazarded his reputation, and even his life, and left his Estates, to succour those of another, he was so ill recom­pensed, resolved upon return­ing home, where he arrived more laden with glory than spoil; for the confederates see­ing he forsook the common cause notwithstanding their opinion, gave him what part they pleased; which again doub­led his discontent.

The Duke of Bavaria had better usage, because perhaps the Emperor apprehended, lest he in the differ­ences he had with France, should take part against him being moreover sol­licited to it by several advantageous offers, besides his Aliance with it. Howsoever all these Princes being not agreed, they made, as we say, [Page 130] a Golden bridge, for the Enemy to pass over, who retired on the I [...]le of Newhausel, where they expected 3 days the wracks of their Army. In the mean while the Grand Visier was not without inquietude, how the grand Seignor would receive the news of his defeat, and to cast all the fault on others, he wrote a Letter against those that had the chief com­mand under him. But we have not heard what the Grand Seignor has resolved thereupon, no more than what the King of Poland has done, reports concerning whom are so various, that ther's as yet no cer­tianty of 'em. Yet tis not to be doubted being so great a Captain as he is, but he will make the best ad­vantage of his Victory, which all Christians ought to desire.