[Page] England's GLORY Reviv'd, Demonstrated in several PROPOSITIONS.

SHEWING An easie and speedy Method for fully Man­ing the Royal Navy with Saylers; without Charge, or Obstruction to Trade.

AS LIKEWISE Reasons proving from whence all our Losses have happen'd, with proper Remedies for the better securing of Trade for the future; by making due Provision for all Saylers that shall be wounded (or the Widows and Children of such of them as shall be Slain) in the Publick Service, or in Defence of our Ships of Trade, and the Build­ing of Hospitals in all the Ports of the Kingdom: All which may be done without any Charge to the Government.

As likewise Propositions for an Act of Tonnage.

By ROBERT CROSFEILD.

LONDON: Printed in the Year MDCXCIII.

To the King and Queen's most Excellent Majesties.

MAny Endeavours have been us'd where­by to take off that Heavy Burthen that hath lain upon Trade during the whole Course of this War, and to secure it from the Violence of the Enemy, though most have hitherto prov'd ineffectual: But I have (I humbly conceive) found out an Expe­dient that will remove those Mischiefs, and the Trade of the Nation thereby be protected and preserved, and likewise your Majesties Roy­al Navy may in little time be fully Mann'd, without giving any obstruction to Trade.

Which with all Humility I do lay at your Royal Feet, in hopes that you will graciously Accept, and Countenance these my Ʋnderta­kings: Not doubting, but to see England [Page] Flourish, and Re-gain its Ancient Glory under the happy Influence of your Majesties most Auspicious Reign; and by your Royal En­deavours in few years, see Europe in perfect Peace and Tranquility.

And that God may Bless and Prosper your Majesties and the Confederates Arms, is the daily Prayer of

Your Majesties Most Faithful and Loyal Subject & Most Dutiful and Devoted Servant Robert Crosfeild.

To the Right Honorable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons in Parliament Assembled.

VVHoever with an Impartial Eye, shall behold the Constitution of the English Monarchy, must acknowledge it the best Establish'd Govern­ment in the World; and whose Parlia­ments are, (and have been) the Glory of their Prince, the Bulwark of the People, and the Terrour of their Enemies; and whenever there was that happy Union be­tween King and Parliament which we have now the Blessing to Enjoy, it hath begot an Excellent Harmony; and Great and Glorious Actions have been perform'd by our Ancestors, to their Immortal Fame; [Page] who have often made the Gallick Shore to Tremble: And I apprehend there hath nothing been wanting in the Subject, that the same things have not been again effect­ed; but the Defect hath been in those Mea­sures that have been taken.

Therefore I do humbly present these en­suing Propositions (in the same Form they were deliver'd to the Lords of the Admi­ralty) in which may be seen (as in a Glass) the Source from whence our Evils have sprung: And with all due submission do humbly conceive, that the whole matter carries so much of Reason along with it, that I think its unanswerable. Not that I have any Opinion I have manag'd the Ar­gument so well; but there are some Truths that may be easily evidenced, and which require not those exquisite Parts which are necessary in more abstruse Matters, and may be perform'd by a Man of but indif­ferent Education.

[Page] Trade is altogether of as great Conse­quence and Importance to this Nation, as the Nerves and Sinews are to the Body of Man; which being Cut, is debilitated and weaken'd: So if our Trade be ruin'd we shall be Impoverish'd, and become a Prey to our Enemies. But I fear my Zeal will transport me beyond my Bounds; for I plainly see, that the Happiness of Europe, and the very Existence and Well-being of the Protestant Religion, and Welfare of these Kingdoms, depend upon the Success of this War.

And God hath given us Strength and Ability, whereby we may be able to Cope with our Enemies, and Reduce them to Reason.

But hitherto we have not taken such proper Measures in our Naval Preparations as we ought, which (I humbly conceive) hath been the Genuine Cause and Founda­tion of all our Misfortunes and Losses at [Page] Sea during this War; and which hath greatly impair'd their Majesties Revenue, and the Trade of the Nation.

There can no Revolution happen in any Kingdom, be it never so Just, but there will be some Malecontents; and the nearer Ruin their Cause is, so much the more will they struggle in it, (being like the Convulsions of a dying Man) and use all Arts, and turn themselves into all shapes, so they may but possibly disorder the publick Proceedings of the Kingdom.

And now are the Eyes of this Nation, and all Europe, upon this August Assembly, waiting the Issue of the Debates thereof, which being Vigorous and Early (Mony being the Sinews of War) will beget the like Vigour and Resolution in the Allies, and prevent the French King from making any separate Peace, which (by his Emissa­ries) he hath with so much Industry endea­vour'd, as knowing he must sink under the wait of the Confederate Arms.

[Page] But it astonishes me, when I consider that two Nations, who are so Potent at Sea as we and the Dutch are, should not make a more advantagious use of that strength which God hath given us: The being strongest at Sea, was ever an unspeakable advantage; which is apparent to the whole World that we are, notwithstanding those Losses we have had.

And we may plainly see that the Pro­vidence of God generally works and brings things to pass by Natural Causes and Ef­fects, as may evidently be seen by the late Revolution in this Kingdom; for it was by the Evil Administration of Government, under various Circumstances of Affairs, that contributed to it, and which gave just ground and occasion for it; and was that which turn'd the Hearts of the People, and thereby begat a Union of Parties, and was the great outward Cause of our present Settlement.

[Page] Therefore in vain will it be for us to cry unto God for Help, and to give a Bles­sing to our Endeavours, when we take not apt and proper Measures.

And it seems highly unreasonable his Ma­jesty should be so much expos'd to the Vi­olence of the Enemy, to the great hazard of his Royal Person; upon whose Safety depends not only the happiness of these King­doms, but all Europe; and he hath hitherto been obliged to attend the Motions of the Enemy, and to take his Measures according as they move; which brought his Person into Imminent danger.

Therefore with all due Submission I hum­bly conceive, that notwithstanding all the utmost Efforts that can be made, its moral­ly impossible of making any Impression up­on the French in Flanders, they being so strong on that side, but by making a Des­cent upon their Maritime Coast, if not to Conquer, yet to commit the same Depre­dations [Page] they have done upon our Neigh­bouring Nations; that they may Drink, and have their share of the Cup of Afflicti­on, and feel the dismal Effects of War: Nothing can possibly wound the Enemy like it, if it be carried on by a Conjunction of some of the Forces of the Confederates, and back'd by a strong Fleet.

Then would it soon alter the Scene, and distract the Councils, and break the Mea­sures of the Enemy; as not knowing where the Storm will fall; which will consequently oblige them to make a Defensive War in all Parts; and would England but Exert its Strength, I doubt not but it would soon pull down the Pride and Haughty Look of that Aspiring Monarch, whose Insatiable Ambition is such, that he hath made Eu­rope a Golgotha, a Field of Blood.

And there's nothing like pushing on the War with Vigour; a Lingering Con­sumption being worse than Death. [Page] least, render'd all Attempts of this Nature more difficult.

And it was ever the Genius and Temper of the English, (as do witness their Wars both Foreign and Domestick) to push on a War, and come to Action, leaving the Event to Providence.

And whereas the Number of Loose and Vagrant Persons are exceedingly increas'd in the Kingdom through the Laws not be­ing duly put in Execution, and the King having ever had a Power of taking these up by Warrants from the Justices of the Peace to be sent on Board the Royal Navy.

Therefore I humbly conceive, it would much Contribute to the Publick Service, that his Majesty may have the same Liberty (by Act of Parliament) of taking them up by the same Methods, and Employ them as he shall think fit, either in mixing them with the Regular Troops, or otherwise; [Page] which would be the Raising of several Thousands of stout and able Men, fit for Service, who are now but Drones, and as it were the Vermin of the Land; but by these means may be made Serviceable to the Publick; and a great Kindness it will be to all Parts of the Kingdom. I am

My Lords and Gentlemen,
Your Honours most Faithful and Obedient Servant Robert Crosfeild.

TO THE READER.

I Here present to your View some Propositions, which I hope may be of use to the Publick and Posterity, for which they were intended: But as I have handled the matter but weakly (though to the best of my Skill) so it is evident through the whole Book, that it may be much improv'd.

But having observ'd with much Regret, under what unhappy Circumstances things lay in reference to Sea-Affairs, and matters growing daily worse and worse, by our Merchants being so long detained in Port, to the great damage of their Majesties, and the whole Kingdom; I conceived there must be some Natural Obstruction that occasioned it, or that there must be some great defect in those Measures that were taken; and by long ruminating upon the matter, my thoughts suggested to me, that I had discover'd from whence those Evils did proceed, which after having drawn into some Form, I then presumed to Address my self to the Government; and now have ven­tured to expose my self to the Censure of the World: And its not any vain desire of Applause that hath induc'd me [Page] thus to appear in Print, but a due Sense of that Duty which I owe to their Majesties and my Native Country; for I was under much and great Reluctancy, before I could bring my self to a Resolution of doing it; and not with­out just Cause: For I was not bred a Schollar, nor ever was concerned either in Shipping or Custom-house Affairs. So that if these things prove successful (as I have no great reason to doubt) then must I wholly attribute it to the Hand of Providence.

'Tis the Opinion of a great many, and those Good Men too, that we have been betrayed, and a general Out-cry there is of it through the Town and Kingdom, and prosecu­ted with much Heat; and I believe it as much as they: But 'tis the sins of the Nation which have betrayed us, (this is no imposing at all, or any desire I have of being Advocate for any) But setting them aside, and calmly waying and considering things, it will be found, that other­wise the Original of all our Misfortunes arise from those Methods that are taken for the supplying the Royal Navy with Saylers; and this being but the Effects of Natural Causes, I hope no Man will be Offended, if I do in a great measure make it so appear, if he will seriously and impar­tially peruse the ensuing Discourse before he gives Judg­ment; for so long as these Methods continue in use, we can humanely expect no better success.

War was always an Enemy to Trade, and Losses will come whenever its on foot, notwithstanding all the Industry [Page] that can be us'd; but its seldom a Nation doth obstruct and annoy its own Trade; but that hath been our misfor­tune. For, for near half the year all Ports have in them those that are Enemies both to King and Kingdom, though not in Person or Affection, yet being arm'd with Power do obstruct Trade, and prevent the Merchants from making their several Voyages, who would carry off the Product of the Country: By which means the King loses vast Sums of Mony, and the Trade of the Nation's greatly impair'd. Its the Press Ketches which are guilty of all this; and its by reason of their slowness and difficulty they meet with in getting Men for their Majesties Ser­vice, which is the grand Cause why our Merchants have been so long detain'd in Port; and they and the Coasters have been so much expos'd to the Violence of the Enemy.

Therefore those Methods we have hitherto taken, (being the same that were in use an Hundred Years ago) will not do in this Age.

So its from our being wanting to our selves in our Ma­ritime Affairs, and not making due Provision for the Sail­ers, which hath been the Fountain from whence our Evils have sprung, and not from any great Force of the Enemy.

Notwithstanding all this, the Sailers are as Zealous for the Publick Service as any Men in the Kingdom; but Interest and Self-preservation is that which governs the Actions of Men; and there is now a great Incongruity be­tween the Sailers Interest (as shall be made appear) and [Page] that of the Publick; and so long as that remains, it must always be expected they will decline the Publick Service. But if the Government will be pleas'd to put the first of these Propositions in execution, and pass the second into an Act, then will they be Consentaneous.

For by them the Sailers Wages will be reduced, and as there will be little odds between the King's Pay, and that of Merchant-men; so they will have no cause to shun the Service, neither indeed can they; and their Encourage­ment to it will be great, for they will have the benefit of enjoying two Charities, whereas those on Board Ships of Trade can enjoy but one.

I cannot without Amazement, call to mind his most Gracious Majesties great Courage, Bravery and Conduct in the late Battle at Landen, which was to the Astonish­ment of his Enemies: But at the same time tremble, to think to what Dangers he expos'd his Royal Person for our Safeties; for should he have fallen, our Candlestick would have been removed, and our Church and Nation have become a Prey to our Enemies; but God of his wonderful Providence hath protected him, and reserved him for greater Actions, and no doubt will make him the Blessed Instrument of restoring Peace to Europe.

It must be acknowledg'd things lie heavy (but no ways to be compar'd to that Deplorable Condition unto which France is reduc'd) yet we have the least reason to com­plain of any Nation in Europe that is engag'd in this [Page] War; for we have sat down in the midst of Peace, while our Neighbouring Nations (and Country-men) have been shedding their Blood abroad; and they have had their Countries expos'd to the Ravage of the Enemy, and Vio­lence of Armies, and have willingly undergone all this, that they may obtain a durable and lasting Peace.

Therefore let us not repine, but chearfully assist his Majesty in prosecuting so Just and Honourable a War; and doubt not but the same Hand of Providence which so wonderfully deliver'd us, will still protect us, and Bless our Arms, that we may bring it to a happy Period, and every Man sit down in Peace under his own Vine.

At the first blooming of the Gospel, in the very Apo­stles times, we may see that there were Disputes in the Church, and Men had different Conceptions of things; but yet we find, they were still guided by a Spirit of Meek­ness and Charity to each other, according to the dictates of that holy Religion they profest; but this Age in which we live is much deviated, and fallen from that Love and Uni­on which was so Conspicuous in the Primitive Christians, and which the Word of God so positively Commands and Directs: But the Excess and Vitiousness of Mens Lives are now such, that more are destroy'd by it, than devour'd by the Sword.

And so long as we continue these uncharitable and un­christian Feuds, and practice these Immoralities, we can have little reason to expect the Divine Goodness should [Page] shower down Blessings upon us, but rather have a fearful Expectation of Iudgment for our Impieties, Sin being al­ways the forerunner thereof.

Therefore let us seriously consider these things, and re­pent before it be too late, then may we with Comfort look up: For God doth not willingly afflict the Children of Men, or any People or Nation, but for the Sins of the Inhabitants thereof; For like as a Father pitieth his Children, so is the Lord merciful unto them that fear him: For he knoweth the Frame of Man that he is but Dust.

But the generality of People among us seem much un­concern'd as to publick Affairs, otherwise than in hearing and telling of News: But let every individual person be well assured, that a great Duty and Obligation lies upon him in reference to the obtaining National Mercies and Blessings; and it cannot be conceived that a bare Obser­vation of a Monthly Fast (during the time of Action) can obtain them; for we can never expect them, unless we daily and fervently beg them of God.

Therefore let us with all Humility wrastle and contend with him for a Blessing upon this Land; but first let us do all Acts of Mercy and Compassion, then may we with the greater Assurance approach the Throne of Grace.

[...]

King be engaged in a War, the Government must be first serv'd; and the private give way to the Pub­lick Interest.

But yet notwithstanding, there's an absolute ne­cessity of preserving our Coasting Trade, for the supplying London and other Parts with Coles, Corn, &c.

There's no Arguments I can offer will bear any thing like unto matter of Fact; and if your Lord­ships will be pleas'd to look back to the preceding years, you will find, That after their Majesties Fleet hath been fully Mann'd, and at Sea, there hath bin notwithstanding no want of Sailers to carry on the Coasting Trade, as it hath evidently appear'd; and when it hath met with Obstructions, it hath been occasion'd by having so many Privateers on the Coast, and the want of necessary Convoys: So that its apparent that there is a sufficient Body of Sailers whereby to answer the Ends of the Government, and the Necessities of Trade, as will be farther demon­strated in this ensuing Discourse, with the Cause why the Publick is not more timely serv'd; and the Reasons of it seem to be plain: For there are a very great number of Sailers that abscond and hide, till such time the Fleet is out; and if they can afterwards use the Coasting Trade, or make some Voyage for five or six Months time, they will get more Mony than the Kings Pay will amount to in the whole year, [Page] and have their Pay so soon as their Voyage is over; whereas the Publick is always in Arrears, and its but Natural for every Man to pursue his own Interest: And withall, these Men are not unsensible that if they lose their Limbs, or are Maim'd, that the Fate of them generally is, that they become Vagabonds, notwith­standing they receive the Kings Pay during Life; it not being a sufficient Maintenance. The Sailers thus using all the Industry they can to avoid the publick Service, and the ways taken to bring them in being so Dilatory. Indeed, the want of due Convoys is the Grand Occasion of the Exorbitant Wages now given in the Coasting Trade.

As to the Outward-bound Shipping, who carry off the Product of the Country, it must must be ac­knowledg'd on all Hands, that they ought to have the Preference above all others, so far as is Consi­stent with Government: For its the Foreign Trade that makes this Nation Potent and Happy, and not that within our selves: It's from thence all our Riches flow; 'tis that which brings the Bullion and Coin into the Kingdom. Besides, our Plantations abroad cannot subsist without frequent Supplies from us; and of what great Consequence they are I need not say. And 'tis our Outward Trade which is a Sup­port to a great part of the Body of the People of this Kingdom; and if that be long obstructed, they must Languish. Therefore if any hardship must lie up­on [Page] Shipping, it may, with submission, I think be rather thrown upon the Coasting Trade, as being the least Evil, and the soonest Remitted.

For suppose Coals are now at Thrity Shillings a Chaldron, and by reason that the Government Press so many of the Colliers Men, that few Ships pass between Newcastle and London; for which reason they run up to Fifty Shillings a Chaldron; it would not be long before this might be Remitted, (if there be but due Convoys, and some Frigats constantly to Cruise on the Northern Coast) for the People that live upon the Coast will be drawn into the Service by reason of the great. Wages given; And there is Shipping frequently coming in, which would sup­ply the Colliers. In September the great Ships are usually laid up, and those Men may be dismist; and then there could be no want: However, it was never yet known that we suffer'd in our Coasting Trade through the want of Men. But the fear that Men have bin in of being Press'd, or having many Priva­teers on the Coast, and not having necessary Con­voys: These have bin the only and true Causes of it when it hath happen'd. We see in this our Age al­most all Arts and Sciences greatly improved, and why not things of this Nature; and I humbly con­ceive, that if those Propositions I have made were put in execution, it would not only much expedite our Publick Affairs, but also encourage and enliven Trade during this War. I am, &c.

[Page] Some Time after the Delivery of this, I did wait on their Lordships, destring to know the Result of the Matter; and they were pleased to give me a very obliging Answer; which was this: That the Fleet was out; and they could not now put my Propositions in Execution; when they did, I should hear from them.

The 18th of August last I deliver'd in this ensuing Paper.

Right Honourable,

IN my Propositions which lie before your Lordships, I say, That when the Great Ships are laid up, those Sail­ers on Board may be discharged: and the Season of the Year now coming on for so doing, I conceive my self obli­ged to give my Reasons for it, in regard it will greatly promote their Majesties and the Publick Interest; and hum­bly conceive, that when these Men are dismiss'd, the Go­vernment will have no Occasion for them till Spring follow­ing: and if it be but calculated what the Charge will be in keeping them in Pay till that Time, it will be found to be an immense Sum. No Objection can be made whereby to hinder or retard the doing it, but the Exigents the Govern­ment may afterwards be driven to for want of these Men. But Arguments have and shall be given, to prove that can­not possibly happen. Therefore whatever Hardship or Pressures may other ways lie, some Expedient must be found for Raising Money to pay these Men, so as they go off satisfied. This will not only be saving the King and Kingdom great Sums of Money, but there will naturally arise from it, that which will be of Publick Advantage: for many of them will fall to the Coasting Trade; by which means Coals and other Goods will be kept or brought down to moderate Rates. Some may take to Privateer­ing; which, if duely encourag'd, will encrease the Num­ber, and be of great Use to the Nation; for they willnot only annoy the Enemy, but be a Protection to our Mer­chants and Coasting Trade: Others will make Voyages a­broad; [Page] as, to Spain, Portugal, &c. and return before the Government will have Occasion for them: and a Nation depending so much upon Trade as we do, the uttermost Diligence and Industry must be used to preserve it: and I humbly conceive, that it hath now more fully appear'd, that there is a sufficient Number of Sailers to answer the Ends of Government and Trade; as hath been apparently evident this Summer, as well as the preceding Years; for when the Royal Navy was fully Mann'd and at Sea, there was a very great Fleet of Outward-bound Ships that then Sail'd; and at the same Time above 600 Sail of Colliers mo­ving that use the New-Castle Trade, (besides other Coast­ers) as appears by the Gazettes of the 8th and 12th of June last. Moreover, we had several Fleets came in from abroad the same Month; and at the same time had Shipping in al­most all Parts of the World: and no sooner was the Grand Fleet out, but the Wages in the New-Castle Trade sunk 30 s. a Voyage, and in all Probability had fallen much lower, had it not been for the many Privateers which all along in­fested the Coast. All which gives undeniable Evidence that there is no Want of Men; and that when the Season of the Year comes, those Propositions I have made may be put in Execution, without any possibility of Damage to Trade: It's so far from that, that a great deal of Good will flow from it. And I conceive I can no ways better make it appear, than in first laying open the Ill that attends the making Use of the Press-Ketches, which will we found to be of very ill Consequence to the Government, and pernicious to Trade. These may seem to be very harsh Terms; but doubt not but your Lordships will find I shall make good the Charge; for when they have received their Warrants for Impressing of Men, and sail to some Port (they no sooner appear but the Sailers abscond for Reasons before given) where they continue for some time; when they sail away, in some small time others come into Port; sometimes two or three; so for the most part it continueth thus the Winter Season. [Page] The Spring coming on, and the Government finding a want of Sailers for Manning the Royal Navy, lay an Embargo to such a Time, (in the Interim these Ketches are employ'd to get them); that being expir'd, yet still they want; up­on which the Embargo's renew'd to a longer time; and that being expir'd, yet they have not their Complement of Men: So that the Embargo's renew'd from Time to Time; (or if it be one continued Embargo without Limitation it's the same). All this arises from the Dilatoriness of the Press-Ketches; for the Government can do no less than lay an Embargo when there is a Want of Men (our Fleet, under God, being the greatest Security we have). But by these Means the Merchants are exceedingly discourag'd, and prevented in making their several Voyages; which they might do, and return before the Government had Occasion for the Men. Likewise their Majesties Revenues are greatly impair'd, by not having those Duties paid (both Inward and Outward) which otherwise would be: and the Nation suffers exceedingly, in not having that Vend for their native Commodities that otherwise they might. All which must consequently impoverish the People.

We are happy in our Situation, in not being liable to the Incursions of the Enemy; and expos'd to that Ravage our neighbouring Nations have felt and undergone, from the Hands of a barbarous and cruel Foe. But we shall have no Cause to fear them, if we take but such Measures, where­by to protect our Trade from their Privateers, which greatly afflict all the Coast (which they always pour out upon us af­ter they have laid up their great Ships; and by their late Attempt upon the Streights Fleet, it's visible they more aim to ruin our Trade than to Fight us). Then would Mony cir­culate well at home, the Subject be made easie, and Trade flourish. And did we consider the Large Sea-Coasts of this Kingdom, with the many Ports and Harbours therein, with the numerous Body of Seafaring People thereof; we might rationally conclude, that there is no Nation in Europe able [Page] to equip such a Fleet to Sea as we are, if we take but proper Methods; and their Majesties may be as absolute Soveraigns of the British Seas as ever their Predecessors were when the Laws of Oleron were made.

In all that I have said, I have no Design of Reflecting up­on any Persons, by thus exposing those Methods that are ta­ken; for they are the same that our Forefathers us'd, and from them we receiv'd 'em; so none to be blam'd: But if it appear better may be taken, that will prove more useful, it cannot but be thought reasonable to lay them aside.

But by so doing its not improbable, but that it may ruin the Interest of some well-deserving persons; however, theirs must not stand in Competition, being Incompatible with that of the Publick, and the Government may other ways make them Compensation. I will humbly suppose now, that were the time and season proper to put those Propositions in Exe­cution, and it were accordingly done, it would be found, that there would be more Men taken than the King would have occasion for; so that many of them might be discharged.

The Consequence of this would be, that all Embargo's would Cease that are occasion'd by the King's want of Men; then all Shipping will be free, and Trade laid open; and the Merchant and Coaster will soon be supply'd with Men, as hath appeared. And when these Men are in Custody, Ship­ping may be taken up in each Port, to Convoy them to those where their Majesties Ships Ride; and be Convoy'd by some Frigats appointed for that purpose: Then those Vessels may be Discharged. By these means a vast Charge will be cut off which attended the Press-Ketches, (Calculated by Cap. St. Lo at 60000 l. per an.) and that heavy Burden that lay upon Trade, occasioned by the use of them, will be thrown off, and the Merchants left to pursue their several Voyages.

I have no desire to appear in Print, being only Ambitious to serve their Majesties, whose Innate Goodness is such, that I have no Reason to doubt, but that they will be pleased to extend their most gracious Favour towards me.

PROPOSALS HOW Their Majesties May be Supplied with a sufficient Body of Saylers, FOR Manning the Royal NAVY in a few Days space, and with little or no Charge.

Proposition I.

THAT the Lords of the Admiralty be pleased to Issue out Press-Warrants to the Survey­ors, and other Officers, of all the Ports of the Kingdom, that they Press all Sea­men that are in their Respective Ports, that are not already in their Majesties Service; it being well known that there are many in all Ports that will not enter themselves into their Majesties Services; not out of Pre­judice; [Page 2] but because they Love not Danger; and are more afraid of losing their Limbs than their Lives; and its but natural to all Men to seek self preservation.

Prop. II.

The Officers of the Custom-House are actually in their Majesties Service during their good behavi­our, and no longer; and have their present subsistence from the Government, and their future livelihood depends upon the same; and living upon the Place must have a better knowledg of the Saylers, than o­thers; so that they will be careful to execute such Orders as they shall receive from above from time to time.

Prop. III.

The Officers of the Custom-house being thus im­powr'd, may with much ease take up most of the Saylers of the Kingdom (then on Shore) at one and the same time, by reason of the circular Let­ters, as in the first Proposition. It's quite otherways in the case of the Press-Ketches; for they no sooner arrive in Port, but the Saylers fly up into the Country, or otherwise abscond, and appear not so long as the Press-Ketch remains there. This is a plain truth to all Men; so that the King is at a vast charge, and little good insues upon it.

Prop. IV.

The Surveyor of each Port bords every Ship at or before she cometh to an Anchor; so that he may com­mand what Men they have: It may be done with much ease, only by taking into custody the Ships Boat, so [Page 3] that all means of making their escape will be cut off: But great care must be taken of the Ship, that the Mer­chant suffer not. These inward bound Ships would con­stantly supply the Fleet during the Summers season.

Prop. V.

That the Surveyor of each Port give Advice to the Lords of the Admiralty, what Men he hath in Cu­stody, that timely care may be taken that they be sent to those Ports, where Their Majesties Ships Ride, and that the Collector of each Port pay the charge of the Impress'd Men during their being in Custody.

Objections may be Rais'd, more than I am capable to discover: One will be, That it will obstruct the King's Business, and bring an Inconveniency upon the Merchant. I conceive it will do neither; for the Of­ficers of the Custom House are oblig'd, by Act of Par­liament, to give their Attendance but at such and such Hours, and there is a great part of the Day wherein they may do the King's Business in this Affair; and it will be much easier for them to do it, than any other Persons.

And with all due Submission, I cannot see any oc­casion of making use of the Press-Ketches for the fu­ture; for in effect, every Surveyor in each Port acts the same thing, so that it may be said, That there is a Press-Ketch in every Port of the Kingdom, besides the Officers on shoar. If these Methods are taken, then there will be no occasion of taking up Loose and Labouring People in London, as is practis'd eve­ry Year, who not being Inur'd to the Sea, in a little [Page 4] time, serve to no other end, than to fill the Hospi­tals, and breed Distempers on Shipboard. And this may be executed with as much ease, as laying an Imbargo; for the Saylers cannot possibly avoid being taken; for they may very well be compar'd to Amph­bious Creatures, who, as they cannot long live out of the water; no more can they long subsist out of some Port: This will give the Government an opportunity of being at Sea, so soon as they shall think fit; from whence much good will ensue to the Publick, and to Trade, by having our Merchants Protected.

PROPOSITIONS Humbly Offered For the Support and Maintenance Of all such SAYLERS That shall be Wounded or Maim'd In the Publick Service, (Including all Privateers) Or in defence of our Ships of Trade.

BY all the observations I can make from that little reading which I have had, I apprehend the Roman's to have been the Noblest and the most generous People that have been in any Age; and who took great care, and made provision for those who were wounded in their service, by plant­ing [Page 6] them in Colonies, and giving them a competent Maintenance, which was no doubt a great incourage­ment to their Soldiery, and one grand cause of the in­largement of their Territories, which in the time of Julius Caesar was grown to a great extent.

And that Governmenr that will expect to arrive to any Potency, must give all due incouragement and rewards, to such as are instruments of promoting the same. And the Grandure and Power of the Crown of England and welfare of the People depending so much upon Trade, all imaginable incouragement should be given to Shipping and Saylers who bring the Riches into the Kingdom.

And, I conceive, we have been much wanting to our selves, in not making due provision for the Say­lers; therefore judge it a thing highly necessary to be looked into, being that which will greatly promote Navigation, and increase their Numbers.

And as the Romans were sedulous in taking care to provide for their Souldiery, so much the more ought we to study the interest of the Saylers upon whom the welfare of these Kingdoms doth very much depend. The matter that I have to propose on their hebalf is, that such of them as shall lose their Limbs or be maimed in the publick Service, or in defence of our Ships of Trade (and so made uncapable of getting their Livelihood) may have due Provision made for them during Life, and to be punctually paid quarterly; which will not only be an inducement to Men to be bold and brave on board the Royal Navy, but it will likewise make them resolute in Defence of our Merchant-men; as [Page 7] knowing if they have the misfortune to be Maimed or lose their Limbs, they shall have a competent Provi­sion made for them; and I would humbly propose to extend this so far, that if any Man be slain, and leave a Wife and two or three Children behind him (as it may be the Case of many) they shall receive the same Pension for seven years as if he were living; and all this may be done without any Charge to the Govern­ment.

And those who are concern'd will have no just cause of complaint: So that this would plainly be an in­ducement to many thousands of People to take to the Sea, who are now afraid of it, for fear of losing their Limbs, and becoming Vagabonds, whereas, on Shore, they live free from any such danger; but if such Pro­vision were made, that Obstacle would be Re­moved.

And I not only conceive it to be the Interest of the Nation, but an Action humane and Christian; to make Provision for such, as are not capable of doing it themselves.

And I do apprehend there will much good and ma­ny advantages arise from this Charity, much more than is to be discern'd at first sight, and will have a great influence many ways.

By it many Merchant men will be prevented falling into the Enemies Hands.

For as things now stand the Saylers can have little Courage to fight and oppose the Enemy, knowing if [Page 8] they are Maim'd they are utterly ruin'd, notwithstanding they do beat off the Enemy; for if the Owners do but pay them their Wages, its as much as they are oblig'd to.

And certainly there can be no greater hardship in the World than these poor Mens case is, who by their courage and bravery often preserve the Merchants effects, and bring great Riches into the Kingdom, and at the same time it's there unhappy fate to lose their Limbs, and by it are ever after made Miserable: This is too much Matter of Fact and Truth.

And no doubt it's the apprehension of these things that makes many Ships resign to the Enemy, as know­ing the greatest loss is their Wages, and they will not venture their Limbs for other Men.

There's just reason to believe this, for we have ma­ny instances of some of our shipping who have defend­ed themselves from the Algerines, and other Pirates to admiration, and bravely acquitted themselves from them to their great Honour, and advantage of their Merchants and Owners; but it was not so much love to them as kindness to themselves, that made them so resolute, being sensible what misery they should un­dergo, if they should be taken. So we see the apprehen­sion of misery will make Men stout, and Rewards will have the same effect; but if they are in danger of be­ing taken by our Enemies Privateers, they have now no such fear upon them, and their loss not great, so that they will not venture their lives to that degree, they might and ought for the good of the publick only, for want of that due incouragement that Men should have; and if there were such provision made for them, no [Page 9] Men under the Copes of Heaven would be more bold and brave; and it's but for Bread that these poor Men Plow the Seas, and if they have a reasonable pros­pect of injoying that, they will fear nothing.

And we cannot grutch them that which Principally proceeds from their own labours.

And things being thus established upon these Foun­dations will be an extraordinary incouragement for Men to take to the Seas, as seeing a fairer prospect of raising themselves that way, than by any labour or service by Land.

Having this assurance, that if they should be Maim'd yet they should not want.

Which is that which Men generally fear more than Death.

And one great advantage may be made to the pub­lick, by this being past into an Act, viz. that by these means, that all Saylers whatever that have Pay due to them from the Government, shall relinquish one moiety; and this can no ways appear any hardship up­on them: For what Man is there under their circum­stances that would not willingly withgo a greater debt, that by so doing shall be assured of a mainte­nance for Life, in case he grow into years and past labour, or happen to be maim'd, and so made uncapa­pable of getting his Livelihood; they can lay no claim to it, so can pretend no Title to it; therefore it's but reasonable they should make an acknowledgment to the Government, for passing such an Act in their favour.

[Page 10] This would soon reduce the extravagant ways that Saylers now have, and in little time they would fall to the old rate, notwithstanding it be time of War, which would be a great benefit to all Coasters, Mer­chants and Owners, as likewise an ease to the People in General. We may in great measure judg the benefit that may be reap'd by this being past into an Act, by taking notice of the several Offices erected in this Town for the Insurance of Houses from Fire, particularly that which is called the Friendly Society, where so many Per­sons have mutually subscribed to each other upon such conditions, as its look'd upon to be a very good Secu­rity; for many persons may help one or two with little detriment to themselves, which otherwise would be ruin'd: But this is a matter more extensive, as being National, and of much greater consequence than they are; but differs not much in nature, being an Insurance as well as they, and so properly enough may be called Insurance Mony.

And it's past all dispute or controversy, that all due incouragement should be given to Saylers so far as is consistent with their Circumstances and the rules of Go­vernment.

If an Abstract be but taken of all Entries made in all Ports of the Kingdom for one year, then a true estimate may be made, and all errors remov'd; as like­wise what this following Act of Tunnage may amount to.

Prop. I.

That all Shipping using the Coasting Trade, that ex­ceed not one hundred Tun burthen, do pay to the Col­lector of the Port one Shilling each Voyage. But all those that are above one hundred Tun, do pay two Shil­lings; the Saylers to pay one half of this when they receive their Wages, proportionable to their share, ac­cording to the Number of Hands on Board; the other part to be charg'd to the Bottom.

Prop. II.

That all outward and inward bound Ships that are not above one hundred Tun, do pay four Shillings: All Vessels that are upwards of one hundred Tun, do pay eight Shillings. But all Vessels to or from Turkey, or the East Indies, do pay sixteen Shillings; one half of these to be paid by the Saylers when they receive their Wages, according to the Number of Hands on Board, the other part to be charged upon the Bottom. This may seem a hardship, but will be found none; neither Owners nor Saylers will feel it; and no more, but what they will both earnestly desire may be done.

Prop. III.

That all Vessels whatever, that use the Herring Fishing, shall pay eight Shillings for the Season; one moyety to be paid by the Men, the other to be charg'd to the Bottom. That all Fisher-Boats whatever pay four Shillings a year: That the Western Barges, and all o­ther Barges whatever, all Lighters, Smacks Hoys, [Page 12] New-Castle and Sunderland Keels, &c. do pay Four Shillings a Year; all these to be Register'd in the several Ports; and that all these persons do bring in and pay the Mony to the Collector by such a time, and upon default thereof to pay such a Mulct as by Par­liament shall be thought fit; one part of these to be paid by the Men, the other to be charged to the Bot­tom.

This is so small and inconsiderable a charge that no Man can complain; and altho' there are some of these that use not the Sea, but having their dependance upon Trade, its highly reasonable they should contribute to­wards the support thereof.

Prop. IV.

That the Collector in each Port receive and keep this Mony from Quarter to Quarter, and give security for the same; but be liable to give an accompt, and pay it to the Trustees in each Port, who shall be ordered to dispose of the same; and some one of those Trustees shall give security to the Overseers, because there may be growing Mony in his Hands which otherwise may be imbeziled; and that these Trustees shall al­ways be liable to give an accompt to the said Over-seers, when and so often as they shall think fit. By these means all abuses and corruptions may be prevented.

That the Collector of each Port give to the Master of every respective Vessel, a Receipt for this Mony without Fee; and that he carry this to the Jerker for him to enter upon it the said Master and Saylers Names, with the Name of the Ship on which they are on Board, [Page 13] this to be done without Fee, and to be filed and Re­gistred. Now this will be a great help to the Sayler, in his proving on what Vessel he was on Boar'd, and likewise be a means to prevent their imposing upon the Trustees: But it shall be lawful for each Collector to deduct three pence in the Pound out of all Monies passing through his Hands, to be dispos'd of, as shall be thought fit for his and the Jerkers trouble in this affair.

It being a matter designed for the good of the Say­ler, and not to the advantage of any Port where the Mony is paid (further than for the use of the Saylers allotted to them by Act of Parliament) so that if there be any overplus of Mony in New-Castle or any other Port without exception; it shall be lawful for the Over-seers to take it, to supply the Wants of others: The intention of the thing being to relieve the want of the Saylers in general; but if there be any overplus of Mony beyond this, it shall farther be in the said Over-seers power to build Hospitals in the several Ports, for the use of the wounded Saylers, or the Widows and Children of such as are slain, or such of them as are antient and past their labour; but then they shall be built in those Ports where the Mony was raised.

That twenty Over-seers or more be nominated, and they to be Persons of Honour, to overlook and in­spect into the actions of the Trustees; and if it appear to them that they have abus'd their trust, then it shall be in their power, or any ten of them (without any sute at Law) to nominate others, however they shall live in or near the Port; that a Clark be assigned to the Over seers, who shall keep in a Book fairly written, an accompt of all the Ports in the Kingdom, [Page 14] and the several Collectors thereof shall transmit to him every Quarter, an accompt of what Monies they have paid to the Trustees, and they likewise quarterly to give him an accompt of the Names of the several per­sons that they have paid the Charity to; and this shall be laid before the Over seers twice in a year at least; and that three pence in the Pound be allowed in each Port out of all Monies received, to be for a Sallary to the said Clark.

Whereas Saylers often shift Ships, and are some­times upon one Voyage, sometimes another, great care must be taken, that by this means they do not receive the Charity in more Ports than one: The like care that they be not put to too great trouble of proving their being wounded on boar'd such a Ship be­fore they can be admitted; it may be a great hardship, to a Man that's maim'd, Poor and Friendless: The same care must be taken in reference to those that shall be slain; that the Trustees have not Women and Chil­dren impos'd upon them.

If a Sayler have lost a Limb, or is otherways Maim'd, (so as to be render'd uncapable of Service) then the Trustees to pay him, or them, according to the Fund they have; but yet not to exceed Twelve Pounds per Annum, that being a competent Mainte­nance for a poor Man.

And those that are Maim'd in the Publick Service shall reap the advantage of this, he, or they, being to be reckon'd to that Port out of which he was taken, when he enter'd into Their Majesties Service, a Regi­ster being kept in each Port for that purpose; this [Page 15] will soon take off the Saylers Aversion to the Publick Service, and greatly promote Their Majesties Interest, these Men enjoying Two Charities, for the Govern­ment will never withdraw their usual Bounty they have all along given to Saylers, and it will be an infal­lible means of keeping them from taking Foreign Ser­vice; he that is first Wounded to take place before all others; this Method to be observ'd in all Ports.

And in little time there might be very good Hospi­tals built in all the considerable Ports of the Kingdom, to the great Relief of the Poor, and to the Interest and Honour of the Nation.

The Saylers on Board all outward-bound Ships, and Coasters, shall be adjudg'd to that Port where they took their last Clearing, and paid their Charity-Mony: All inward bound Ships shall be charg'd to those Ports to which they are bound; and if by misfortune some of them fall into the Enemies Hands, and their Men Maim'd, yet notwithstanding those Men shall have a Right to the Charity, and receive it in that Port to which that Vessel was bound.

I have now done with my Propositions, and shall only bring an Example, or Two, that it may appear how easie the thing will be; we may suppose, that all Vessels from New-Castle to London, that are above One Hundred Tun, will have one with another Eight Saylers; so here is Twelve Pence to be paid by each Person, which is but One Penny Half Penny a Man each Voyage; and it's possible, they may make Eight in a Year, which is but Twelve Pence a Man for the whole Year.

[Page 16] Likewise all outward and inward bound Ships, that are upwards of One Hundred Tun, one with another, will have Twelve Saylers on board, and Four Shillings to be paid by them, which is Four Pence a Man each Voyage, which they would chearfully and readily pay.

And all Owners of Shipping would willingly pay what is charg'd upon the Bottom; for by this Act their Men will be made Resolute in defence of their Vessels, and it will be a very great Inducement and Incou­ragement to them, to set them out to Sea better Arm'd and Man'd then now they do.

This would make a great Revenue, and which would be a vast help to all the Ports in the Kingdom, and the whole Nation would soon feel the happy effects of it.

But that which would be the Crowning of the Work, is, That God would then give a Blessing to our Publick Undertakings, and send us a durable and lasting Peace.

A Supplement To the Foregoing PROPOSITIONS.

IT may be expected I should make an Estimate what Fund may Annually arise towards Building of Hospitals: It is a hard Task to perform, and with­out some helps from the Government, do con­ceive, that neither I, or any one else, can make a true Estimate; but according to my Apprehension, it cannot amount to less than Thirty Thousand Pounds a Year.

And great things may be done by reason of this Fund, which will continue as well in Peace as War, and great Improvements may be made beyond what I have done, which in some measure you may discern, but I want time to Explain.

As that there may and ought Provision to be made for Commanders of the King's Ships, or Masters of Vessels, (that are fallen to decay, that have behav'd themselves Honourably, and deserv'd well of the State,) suitable to their Merits; and such Persons to be Governors of the several Hospitals.

[Page 18] And others that have behav'd themselves well, and in defence of their Ships, and done something that's Great, and deserves Praise and Imitation, and wants not this Charity, these to be Presented with a Gold Chain and Medal, with some Motto suitable to the Action; and this shall be put on in the presence of the Overseers; and after this he shall ever have the power to Act as a Trustee in all the Ports of the King­dom, and for One Year shall have the Honour to be admitted to act as an Over seer, and have an equal Vote.

And likewise it will be necessary to put out the Children of such Commanders or Masters of Ships that are either slain or Maim'd; but this Power must be lodg'd in the Over-seers, otherways there will be great Corruption and abuses in this Affair.

And when its fix'd and settled by Act of Parliament, then will it by consequence greatly improve the Trade of the Nation and the Revenue of the Crown; and in­crease the number of Shipping and Saylers.

Then will not the Gentry and middle sort of Peo­ple be so greatly averse to the bringing up their Chil­dren Saylers, as now they are; but it's through a wrong notion they have of things, that makes them have such mean thoughts of Sea-Imployments; neither are they so terrible and frightful as some apprehend.

We see the generality of People that give their Children Competent Fortunes, put them out to Shop­keeping, Trades or Handicrafts; by which means they are made so numerous, that Trade cannot support all; [Page 19] and Men thereby fall to decay; and Seeing Ruin hanging over their Heads, run into excess, and so hasten their downfall; and it may be in a few years return to their Friends to be kept, and bring a Wife and two or three Children to boot (there are multitudes of In­stances of the Truth of this) which must certainly be a great affliction to the Parent, and a continual Eye­sore and Vexation to him: and the Poor ruin'd Man receives the Scorn and Frowns of his Friends, which he's forced to disgest pierce although it his very Reins; so he lingers out a miserable ignominous Life.

And he may be said to Die Daily; for there are ma­ny Afflictions more Bitter and Sharp than Death it self.

Therefore if Gentlemen would but bring up their younger Sons to learn Navigation, and afterwards put them for two or three years to a Captain of one of the King's Men of War, or to some Eminent Master of a Ship, that he may understand the Duty of a Sayler; then would his Coat sit never the worse upon his Back, but the better, when he's grown Man; and then will he be qualified for his Princes service, or at least, need not fear having a good Ship, and of raising his Fortune.

But if he should happen to fall either in the Publick Service, or in Defence of our Ships of Trade, he cer­tainly dies Brave, and brings not a blemish upon his Family, but is an Ornament to the same; and if he should not have got an Estate, or have lost one, there will be decent Provision made for his Wife and Chil­dren, and it can be no dishonour for any to receive it, [Page 20] it being adjudg'd by the Law to be a just Merit: There­fore, had I much rather my Child should die in the Bed of Honour, or in a Storm, than live and linger out a miserable Ignominious Life.

PROPOSITIONS Humbly Offer'd for An Act of Parliament To be Made, For Laying a Duty of Tunnage UPON SHIPPING.

WHen the Kingdom is ingag'd in War, its not only requisite but equitable that all Persons, according to their several Degrees and Qualities should contri­bute to the Immergencies of the State; all due Regard being first had to Husbandry and Trade; and wherein things do not obstruct or Impeed either, its but rea­sonable.

And, indeed there are many whose Estates and Effects lie in Shipping, who have no ways yet contri­buted any thing to the Publick, during the whole Course of this War; and who are under good circum­stances, and capable of paying Taxes proportionable to the Rest of the King's Subjects, and no Injury thereby done.

[Page 22] They may, its true, plead they are at great Charge to the Light-houses, and by Convoy mony, which is no hardship upon them, it being brought in upon the Merchant as Averidg.

Unless it fall upon Colliers, and it's well known they get a great deal of Mony, notwithstanding all the Charge they are at, and the great Wages they give.

And it may further be object'd by them, That they are liable to great Dangers, and many of them taken by the Enemy.

All which is no more than what the Merchants are expos'd to; whose Effects are generally of much greater Consequence than their Shipping, yet are no ways exempt'd from paying greater Duties both in­ward and outward; notwithstanding any great Losses they have had, or may hereafter meet withal.

Therefore, it seems altogether unreasonable, that these Persons should be exempted from being Tax'd, when there may thereby be so much Mony Rais'd as will be of great Importance to the Government.

But that things may be done with all due Modera­tion, that no good Subject shall have any just Cause of Complaint, and not one Tax'd more than another; it would be requisite, I humbly conceive, to have an Act of Parliament made to lay it as a Tunnage, with due regard being had to the Burthen and Voyage of each Ship, and to make a Distinction between Coasters and Vessels outward bound, according to these insuing Propositions.

Proposition, I.

That all Coasters whatever (except Collyers) pay six pence per Tun to the Collector of each Port where he takes his lading, according as the Ship shall measure; but if he shall not have his full lading, then a Deduction to be made according to what he wants; or if he shall after­wards have the Misfortune to fall into the Hands of the Enemies, then he shall have the liberty to draw back what Tunnage he paid that Voyage, and be paid upon demand, or be allow'd it by Debenter, and have twelve Months time so to do, after the loss of the said Ship: But all Col­liers shall pay this Tunnage in that Port they break Bulk and Ʋnload: unless it be such of them as are outward bound. As to Holland, Ireland, &c. they shall pay it as the Coasters do, in that Port in which they take their Loading; but be liable to pay no greater Tunnage than they do.

Proposit. II.

That all outward bound Ships, except Colliers, bound ei­ther for Holland, Flanders, Portugal, Denmark, Ire­land, &c. pay twelve Pence per Tun; according as each Ship shall measure; and in case any of them shall happen to be taken by the Enemy, before they have perform'd their intended Ʋoyage, then they shall draw back this Tunnage, and be paid by the Collector upon demand, or be allow'd it by Debenter.

[Page 24] And all inward bound Ships from the above said Coun­tries, either English or Foreign, shall pay two Shillings per Tun; and in case they shall not have their full Lading, deduction shall be made for the same.

Proposit. III.

That all outward bound Ships that shall be bound either to the East or West Indies, Streights, East Country, Coast of Africa, &c. shall pay two Shillings per Tun; but in case they shall fall into the Enemies Hands, and not perform their Ʋoyage, then they shall draw back the said Tunnage, and be paid upon demand or by Debenter. And all inward bound Ships, from the foresaid Countries, shall pay four Shilling per Tun, and not be clear'd till the said Monies Paid.

Proposit. IV.

That all Western Barges, and all other Barges whate­ver; all Fish-Smacks, Hoys, Lighters (except such who constantly carry Dung or Soyl) shall pay twenty Shillings per quarter, and pay the Mony every quarter to the Col­lector of each Respective Port, within six Weeks after it becomes due; and upon default thereof to pay double: And that they come and make Entry of them, with the Names of the Owners at the Custom-House of that Port or Harbour they use (but this shall be done without Fee) with in six Weeks after the Act takes place.

This will Create them no great Trouble, and will be an Ease to the Government; neither can it be any Hardship to them to pay this Mony; the least of them having been at far greater Charge the Preceeding Years, then they will be the Ensuing; and then their Trade and Business was greatly obstructed, but now they will be no way molested.

That the Collector of each Port shall keep this Tun­nage-Accompt a part (as likewise the Charity-Mony) and it shall be wholly a ppropriated to the use of the Navy: This Mony being thus receiv'd, by the Col­lectors, will prevent the great and usual Charge that attends the Gathering in of Taxes, and will be the sav­ing of the Government many Thousands of Pounds.

According to my weak Capacity, This seems, to me, to be a very facile and easy way of raising very great Sums of Mony, and be no manner of Oppression of any Man; and shall bring an Instance or two which, in some measure will prove it.

A Vessel from Barbadoes (whose Tunnage is great) of two hundred Tun; will bring one hundred Tun of Goods, or Upwards, the Freight of which will amount to about two thousand Pounds. And considering all their Ware and Tare, and the great Wages they give, it's evident they may very well pay the Govern­ment forty Pounds when the Merchant at the same time hath run the same Risque, and pays far greater Sums, and probably gets not so much by the Voyage as the Owners.

[Page] And for the New-Castle and other Coasting Trade, it can be no hardship for a Ship of two hundred Tun to pay five Pound, two Shillings (including the Charity Mony) in a Voyage; for in little time the Saylers Wages will sink much lower than now they are, and they will be nothing at the Charge they now are at; neither will Coals, or other Goods, be any way ad­vanced by it, but reduced to a lower Rate, so the Charity Act be but past, and the Government be not wanting in granting them constant due and necessary Convoys; and if that be but Effectually done, there are no Owners of Shipping will be concern'd at all for this Charge put upon them, but will willingly con­tribute to the Necessities of the Government, that the Trade of the Nation may be protected and preserved.

FINIS.

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