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[Page] Joh. Amos Commenii ORBIS SENSƲALIƲM PICTUS. Hoc est, Omnium fundamentalium in Mundo Rerum, & in vitâ Actionum, Pictura & Nomenclatura. JOH. AMOS COMMENIUS's Visible WORLD. OR, A Picture and Nomenclature of all the chief Things that are in the world; and of Mens Employments therein.

A Work newly written by the Author in Latine; and High-Dutch (being one of his last Essays, and the most suitable to Childrens capacities of any that he hath hither­to made) & translated into English, By CHARLES HOOLE, Teacher of a Private Grammar-School in Lothbury, LONDON.

For the use of young Latine-Scholars.

Nihil est in intellectu, quod non priùs fuit in sensu.

Arist.

LONDON, Printed for I. Kirton, at the Kings-Arms, in Saint Paules Church-yard, 1659.

2 Gen. 19, 20.

The Lord God brought unto Adam every Beast of the Field, and every Fowl of the air, to see what he would call them. And Adam gave names to all Cattell, and to the Fowl of the air, and to every beast of the Field.

2 Gen. 19, 20.

Adduxit Dominus Deus ad Adam cunctas animantes terrae, & universa volatilia caeli, ut videret quomodo vocaret illa. Appellavit­que Adam nominibus suis cuncta animantia, & universa volatilia caeli, & omnes bestias agri.

THE Authors PREFACE TO THE READER.

INstruction is the means to expell Rudeness; with which young Wits ought to be wel-furbished in Schools: But so, as that the Teaching be 1. True, 2. Full, 3. Clear, and 4. Solid.

1. It will be true, if nothing be taught but such as are beneficial to ones life; lest there be a cause of complaining afterwards. We know not necessary things, because we have not learned things necessary.

2. It will be full, if the mind be polished for Wisdom, the Tongue for Eloquence, and the Hands for a neat way of Living. This will be that Grace of ones life, to be wise, to act, to speak.

3. 4. It will be elear, & by that firm and solid, if whatever is taught and learned, be not obscure, or confused, but apparent, distinct, and articulate, as the fingers on the hands.

The ground of this business is that sensual ob­jects [Page] be rîghtly presented to the senses, for fear they may not be received. I say, and say it again aloud, that this last is the foundation of all the rest: be­cause we can neither act nor speak wisely, unlesse we first rightly understand all the things which are to be done, and whereof, we are to speak. Now there is nothing in the understanding which was not before in the sense. And therefore to exercise the senses well about the right perceiving the differences of things, will be to lay the grounds for all wisdom, and all wise discourse, and all discreet actions in ones course of life. Which, because it is commonly neg­lected in Schooles, and the things that are to be learned are offered to Scholars, without being un­derstood, or being rightly presented to the senses, it cometh to pass, that the work of teaching and learning goeth heavtily onward, and affordeth little benefit.

See here then a new help for Schooles, A Pi­cture and Nomenclature of all the chief things in the World, and of mens Actions in their way of liv­ing! Which, that you, good Masters, may not be loth to run over with your Scholars, I will tell you in short, what good you may expect from it.

It is a little Book, as you see, of no great bulk, yet a brief of the whole world, and a whole lan­guage: full of Pictures, Nomenclatures, and De­scriptions of things.

I. The Pictures are the Representations of all visible things, (to which also things invisible are reduced after their fashion) of the whole world. And that in that very order of things, in which [Page] they are described in the Ianua Latinae Linguae and with that fulness, that nothing very necessary or of great concernment is omitted.

II. The Nomenclatures are the Inscriptions, or Titles set every one over their own Pictures, ex­pressing the whole thing by its own general Term.

III. The Descriptions are the Explications of the Parts of the Picture, so expressed by their own proper terms, as that same Figure which is added to every piece of the Picture, and the term of it, alwayes sheweth what things belongeth one to a­nother.

Which such Book, and in such a dress may (I hope) serve,

I. To entice witty Children to it, that they may not conceit a torment to be in the School, but dainty-fare. For it is apparent, that Children (even from their Infancy almost) are delighted with Pictures, and willingly please their eyes with these sights, And it will be very well worth the pains to have once brought it to pass, that scar­crows may be taken away out of wisdomes Gar­dens.

II. This same little Book will serve to stir up the Attention, which is to be fastened upon things, and ever to be sharpened more and more; which is also a great matter. For the senses (being the main guides of Child-hood, because therein the Mind doth not as yet raise up it self to an abstracted con­templation of things) evermore seek their own objects, and if they be away, they grow dull, and [Page] wry themselves hither and thither, out of a weari­ness of themselves: but when their objects are present, they grow merry, wax lively, and wil­lingly suffer themselves to be fastened upon them, till the thing be sufficiently discerned. This Book then will do a good piece of service in taking (especially flickering) Wits, and preparing them for deeper studies.

III. Whence a third good will follow; that Children being won hereunto, and drawn over with this way of heeding, may he furnished with the know­ledge of the Prime things that are in the world, by sport, and merry pastime. In a word, this Book will serve for the more pleasing using of the Vesti­bulum, and Ianua Linguarum, for which end it was even at the first chiefly intended. Yet if it like any that it be bound up in their native tongues also, it promiseth three other good things of it self.

I. First it will afford a Devise for learning to read, more easily than hitherto; especially having a Symbolical Alphabet set before it, to wit, the Characters of the several Letters, with the Image of that creature, whose voyce that letter goeth a­bout to imitate, pictured by it. For the yong A b c Scholar will easily remember the force of e­very Character by the very looking upon the Creature, till the imagination being strengthened by use can readily afford all things. And then, having looked over a Table of the chief Syllables also (which yet was not thought necessary to be added to this Book) he may proceed to the view­ing of the Pictures, and the Inscriptions set over [Page] them. Where again the very looking upon the thing Pictured, suggesting the name of the thing, will tell him how the Title of the Picture is to be read. And thus the whole Book being gone over by the bare Titles of the Pictures, Reading can­not but be learned; and indeed too, which thing is to be noted, without using any ordinary tedious spelling, that most troublesome torture of wits, which may wholly be avoyded by this Method. For the often reading over the Book, by those lar­ger Descriptions of things, and which are set after the Pictures, will be able perfectly to beget a ha­bit of reading.

II. The same Book being used in English in English Schooles will serve for the perfect learning of the whole English tongue, and that from the bot­tome; because by the aforesaid Descriptions of things, the words and Phrases of the whole lan­guage are found set orderly in their own places. And a short English Grammar might be added at the end, clearly resolving the Speech already understood into its parts, shewing the declining of the several words, and reducing those that are joyned together undercertain Rules.

III. Thence a new benefit cometh, that that ve­ry English translation, may serve for the more ready and pleasant learning of the Latine tongue: as one may see in this Edition, the whole Book being so translated, that every where one word answereth to the word over against it, and the Book is in all things the same, only in two idiomes, as a man clad in a double garment. And there might be al­so [Page] some Observations and Advertisements added in the end, touching those things only, wherein the Use of the Latine tongue differeth from the English. For, where there is no difference, there needeth no advertisement to be given. But, be­cause the first tasks of Learners ought to be little, and single, we have filled this first Book of train­ing one up to see a thing of himself with nothing but rudiments, that is, with the chief of things and words, or with the grounds of the whole world, and the whole language, and of all our Under­standing about things. If a more perfect descrip­tion of things, and a fuller knowledge of a lan­guage, and a clearer light of the understanding be sought after (as they ought to be) they are to be found some where ese, whither there will now be an easie passage by this our little Encyclopadia of things subject to the senses, Something remaineth to be said, touching the more cheerful use of this Book.

I. Let it be given to children into their hands to delight themselves withall as they please, with the sight of the Pictures, and making them as familiar to themselves as may be, and that even at home, before they be put to School.

II. Then let them be examined ever and anon (especially now in the School) what this thing or that thing is, and is called, so that they may see nothing, which they know not how to name, and that they can name nothing, which they can­not shew.

III. And let the things named them be shewed, [Page] not only in the Picture, but also in themselves; for example, the parts of the Body, Clothes, Books, the House, Utensils, & e.

IV. Let them be suffered also to imitate the Pictures by hand, if they will, nay rather, let them be encouraged, that they may be willing: first, thus to quicken the attention also towards the things; and to observe the proportion of the parts one towards another; and lastly, to practise the nimbleness of the hand, which is good for many things.

V. If any things here mentioned, cannot be presented to the eye, it will be to no purpose at all, to offer them by themselves to the Scholars, as, colours, relishes, &c. which cannot here be pi­ctured out with ink. For which reason it were to be wished, that things rare and not easie to be met withall at home, might be kept ready in every great School, that they may be shewed also, as of­ten as any words are to be made of them, to the Scholars.

Thus at the last this School would indeed be­come a School of things obvious to the senses, and an Entrance to the School Intellectual. But enough: let us come to the thing it self.

The Translator to all judicious, and industrious School-Masters.

Gentlemen,

THere are few of you (I think) but have seen, and with great willingness made use of, (or at lest perused,) many of the Books of this wel-de­serving Author Mr. Iohn Commenius; which, for their profitableness to the speedy attainment of a Language, have been Translated in several Coun­tries out of Latine into their own native tongues.

Now the general verdict (after trial made) that hath passed, touching those formerly extant, is this, that, they are indeed of singular use, and very advantageous to those of more discretion, (especially to such, as have already got a smattering in Latine) to help their memories to retain what they have scat­teringly gotten here and there, and to furnish them with many words, which (perhaps) they had not for­merly read, or so well observed; but to yong Chil­dren (whom we have chiefly to instruct) as those that are ignorant altogether of most things, and words, they prove rather a more toyl and burden, than a delight, and furtherance.

For to pack up many words in memory, of things not conceived in the mind, is to fill the head with empty imaginations, and to make the learner more to admire their multitude, and variety (and thereby to become discouraged;) then to care to treasure them [Page] up, in hopes to gain more knowledge of what they mean.

He hath therefore in some of his later works seemed to move retrograde, and striven to come neerer to the reach of tender wits; and in this pre­sent Book, he hath (according to my judgement,) descended to the very Bottom of what is to be taught, and proceeded (as Nature it self doth) in an orderly way; first to exercise the Senses well, by presenting their objects to them, and then to fasten upon the Intellect by impressing the first no­tions of things upon it, and linking them one to another by a rational discourse. Whereas indeed, We generally missing this way, do teach children, as we do Parrats, to speak they know not what, nay, which is worse, we, taking the Way of teaching lit­tle ones by Grammar only at the first, do pusle their imaginations with abstractive terms and secundary intentions, which, till they be somewhat acquainted with things, and the words belonging to them, in the language which they learn, they cannot apprehend what they mean. And this I guess to be the reason, why many greater persons do resolve sometimes, not to put a Child to School, till he be at lest ele­ven, or twelve years of age, presuming that he having then taken notice of most things, will soo­ner get the knowledge of the words which are ap­plyed to them in any language. But the gross mis­demeanour of such children for the most part, have taught many Parents to be hasty enough to send their own to School, if not that they may learn, yet (at lest) that they may be kept out of [Page] harms way; and yet if they do not profit, for the time they have been at School, (no respect at all, being had of their years,) the Master shall be sure enough to bear the blame.

So that a School-master had need to bend his wits to come within the compass of a Childes ca­pacity of six or seven years of age (seeing we have now such commonly brought to our Grammar-Schooles to learn the Latine Tongue) and to make that they may learn with as much delight and wil­lingness, as himself would teach with dexterity, and ease. And at present I know no better Help to forward his yong Scholars than this little Book, which was for this purpose contrived by the Au­thor in the German and Latine Tongues.

What profitable use may be made thereof, re­specting chiefly that his own Countrey and Lan­guage, he himself hath told you in his Preface; but what use we may here make of it in our Gram­mar-Schooles, as it is now translated into English, I shall partly declare: leaving all other men (ac­cording to my wont) to their own discretion, and liberty, to use it, or refuse it, as they please. So soon then as a Child can read English perfectly, and is brought us to School to learn Latine, I would have him together with his Accidence to be provided of this book, in which he may at least once a day (besides his Accidence) be thus exercised.

I. Let him look over the Pictures with their general Titles or Inscriptions, till he be able to turn readi­ly to any one of them, and to tell its name either in English, or Latine. By this means he shall have the [Page] Method of the Book in his head; and be easily furnished with the knowledge of most things; and instructed how to call them, when at any time he meeteth with them elsewhere in their real forms.

II. Let him read the Description at large, first in English, and afterwards in Latine, till he can rea­dily read, and distinctly pronounce the words in both Languages, ever minding how they are spel­led. And withall, let him take notice of the Fi­gures inserted, and to what part of the Picture they direct by their like, till he be well able to find out every particular thing of himself, and to name it on a suddain, either in English, or Latine. Thus, he shall not only gain the most primitive words, but be understandingly grounded in Orthography, which is a thing too generally neglected by us; part­ly because our English-Schools think that Chil­dren should learn it at the Latine, and our Latine-Schooles suppose they have already learn'd it at the English; partly; because our Common-Gram­mar is too much defective in this Part, & Scholars so little exercised therein, that they pass from Schooles to the Universities, and return from thence (some of them) more unable to write true English, than either Latine, or Greek. Not to speak of our ordinary Trades-men, many of whom write such false English, that none but themselves can interpret what they scribble, in their Bills, and Shop-Books.

III. Then let him get the Tiles and Descripti­ons by heart, which he will more easily do by rea­son of those impressions which the viewing of the [Page] Pictures hath already made in his memory. And now let him also learn, 1. To construe, or give the words one be one, as they answer one another in Latine and English. 2. To parse, according to the Rules (which I presume by this time) he hath learn'd in the first part of the Accidence; where I would have him, tell what Part of Speech any word is, and then what Accidents belong to it; but espe­cially to decline the Nouns, and Conjugate the Verbs according to the Examples in his Rudiments; and this doing will enable him to know the end and use of his Accidence. As for the Rules of Gen­ders of Nounes, and the Praeterperfect-tenses and Supines of Verbs, or those of Concordance and Con­struction in the latter part of the Accidence, I would not have a child much troubled with them, till by the help of this Book he can perfectly practise so much of Etymologie, as concerns the first Part of his Accidence only. For that, and this Book toge­ther being thorowly learn'd by at lest thrice going them over, will much prepare Children to go cheerfully forward in their Grammar, and School-Authors, especially, if whil'st they are imployed herein they be taught also to write a fair, and legi­ble hand.

There is one thing to be given notice of, which I wish could have been remedied in this Transla­tion; that the Book being writ in high-Dutch, doth express many things in reference to that Countrey and Speech, which cannot without alte­ration of some Pictures, as well as words, be ex­pressed in ours: for the Symbolical Alphabet is [Page] fitted for German Children rather than for ours And whereas the words of that Language go or­derly one for one with the Latine, our English propriety of Speech will not admit the like. Therefore it will behoove those Masters, that in­tend to make use of this Book, to construe it ver­batim to their young Scholars, who will quickly learn to do it of themselves, after they be once ac­quainted with the first words of Nounes, and Verbs, and their manner of variation.

Such a work as this, I observe to have been for­merly much desired by some experienced Tea­chers, and I my self had some years since (whil'st my own Child lived) begun the like, (having found it most agreeable to the best witted Chil­dren, who are most taken up with Pictures from their Infancy, because by them the knowledge of things, which they seem to represent (and whereof Children are as yet ignorant) are most easily con­veyed to their Ʋnderstanding,) but for as much as the work is now done, (though in somethings not so completely, as it were to be wished) I rejoyce in the use of it, and desist in my own undertakings, for the present. And because any good thing is the better, being the more communicated; I have here­in imitated a Child, who is forward to impart to others, what himself hath well liked. You then that have the care of little Children, do not too much trouble their thoughts, and clog their me­mories with bare Grammar Rudiments, which to them are harsh in getting, and fluid in retaining; (because indeed to them they signifie nothing, but [Page] a more swimming notion of a general term, which they know not what it meaneth, till they compre­hend also particulars, but by this or the like Subsi­diarie, inform them, first with some knowledge of things, and words wherewith to express them, and then their Rules of speaking will be better understood, and more firmly kept in mind. Else, how should a Child conceive, what a Rule mean­eth, when he neither knoweth what the Latine word importeth, nor what manner of thing it is w ch is signified to him in his own native Language, which is given him thereby to understand the Rule? For Rules, consisting of generalities, are delivered (as I may say) at a third hand, presum­ing first the things, and then the words to be al­ready apprehended, touching which they are made. I might indeed enlarge upon this Subject, it being the very Basis of our Profession, to search in­to the way of Childrens taking hold by little and lit­tle of what we teach them, that so we may apply our selves to their reach, but I leave the observati­on hereof to your own daily exercise, and expe­rience got thereby,

And I pray God, the fountain and giver of all wisdom, that hath bestowed upon us this gift of Teaching, so to inspire and direct us by his grace, that we may train up Children in his Fear, and in the knowledge of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord; and then no doubt our teaching and their learning of other things subordinate to these, will by the assistance of his blessed Spirit make them able and willing to do him faithful Service both in Church [Page] and Common-wealth, as long as they live here, that so they may be eternally blessed with him hereafter. This, I beseech you, beg for me and mine, as I shall daily do for you and yours, at the throne of Gods heavenly grace, and remain while I live

Ready to serve you, as I truly love and ho­nour you, and labour willingly in the same Profession with you, CHARLES HOOLE.
From my School, in Loth­bury, London, Ian. 25. 1658.

N B. Those Heads or Descriptions which concern things beyond the present apprehension of Chil­drens wits, as, those of Geography, Astronomy, or the like, I would have omitted, till the rest be lear­ned, and a Child be better able to understand them.

The Judgement of Mr. Hezekiah Wood-Ward, sometimes an eminent Schoolmaster in LONDON, touching a Work of this Nature, in his Gate to Sciences, Chap. 2.

CErtainly the use of Images, or Representations is great: If we could make our words as legi­ble to Children as Pictures are, their information there from would be quickened and surer. But so we cannot do, though we must do what we can. And if we had Books, wherein are the Pictures of all Creatures, Herbs, Beasts, Fish, Fowles, they would stand us in great stead. For Pictures are the most intelligible Books, that Children can look upon. They come closest to nature; nay, saith Scaliger, Art exceeds her.

There is now in the Press, a third Edition Cor­rected and Inlarged. Of the easie Entrance to the Latine Tongue. Written by Mr. Charles Hoole, containing.

  • 1. The Rudiments of Grammer, with the Examination of the Accidence.
  • 2, A Vocabulary of common-words, English and Latine:
  • 3: Sundry and short Examples, applyable to the Rules of Concordance, and Construction.
  • 4. Collections out of the lowest School Authours.
  • 5. More Elegant Expressions for Children.
  • 6. The first Principles of Christianity, Which may be had bound altogether, or severally as directed in the Preface.

Faults, that have escaped the Press, which I desire the Master to correct with his Pen, before he deliver the Book to his young Scholar to use; are these:

BReaketh For breatheth.  
She The Pag. 4
squealeth squeaketh, 5
burneth turneth, 13
deer neer, 18
from Iron, 25
angulati
in		 ungulati,
is,		 27
growth groweth, 29
ivy ash, 31
crowtree crowtoes, 32
round
marjorum
the ground ivy		 round,
marjoram
Germander,		 33
cask
knotly		 cane,
knotty		 39
Halicaetus. Haliaeetus 51
Mil-snake milk-snake, 65
melt
Row		 milt
rone,		 71
siliciruium silicernium, 77
Caput and is The head is 78
Hanûs Manus 80
quod quos 82
sun sunt 84
  in, left out, l. 8. 94
Manurvia. manuaria, 101
part partly, 107
[Page]and
and		 or line 9.
or line 9.		 26
tumditur tunditur 109
Drewing Brewing, 116
Tibiala Tibialia, 127
Lignar Lignarius; 131
Ianua
  • Domus
  • Ianua,
to be ad­ded line		 136
superior superiores, 137
fabric
culcitrae		 fabricâ,
culcitris,		 149
Sud Suds, 155
magnea magnetica 159
desetat a trustie and deserat l. 3. 169
  is to be added, l. 12. 183
galoam galeam, 186
shap sharp, 191
tabula tabulae,  
sticketh stinketh, 201
and cipris & cyphris 207
  by to be add. l. 25. 235
rribuatur tribuatur, 237
fracer frater, 243
angiporti angiportis, 250
Defen' defendant, 253
bombarduriâ bombardicâ, 283
emittuntur emittur. 28 [...]

[Page]ORBIS SENSUALIUM PICTUS.

A WORLD of THINGS Obvious to the Senses drawn in PICTURES.

I.

7

Invitatio. Magister & Puer.

M.

VEni, Puer! disce Sapere.

P.

Quid hoc est, Sa­pere?

M.

Omnia, quae ne­cessaria, rectè intelligere, rectè agere, rectè elo­qui.

P.

Quis me hoc do­cebit?

M.

Ego, cum DEO.

P.

Quomodo?

M.
[Page 3]

Ducam te, per omnia,

Ostendam tibi omnia.

Nominabo tibi omnia.

P.

En adsum; duc me, in nomine DEI.

M.

Ante omnia, debes discere simplices Sonos, ex quibus con­stat Sermo humanus; quos, Animalia sciunt formare, & tua Lingua scit imitari, & tua Ma­nus potest piugere.

Postea ibimus in Mundum, & spectabi­mus omnia.

Alphabetum vivum & vocale habes hîc.

Invitation. The Master, and the Boy.

M.

COme Boy! learn to be wise.

P.

What doth this mean, to be wise?

M.

To understand rightly, to do rightly, and to speak out right­ly, all that are neces­ssary.

P.

Who will teach me this?

M.

I, by Gods help.

P.

How?

M.
[Page 3]

I will guide thee thorow all,

I will shew thée all.

I will name thée all.

P.

Sée, here I am; lead mée in the name of God.

M.

Before all things, thou oughtest to learn the plain sounds, of which mans spéech consisteth; which li­ving Creatures know how to make, and thy tongue knoweth how to imitate, and thy hand can picture out.

Afterwards wée will go into the world, and we will view all things.

Hear thou hast a lively & vocal Alphabet.

A a
[figure]
Cornix cornicatur. The Crow cryeth. á á
B b
[figure]
Agnus balat. The Lamb blaiteth. bé é é
C c
[figure]
Cicáda stridet. The grashopper chirpeth. ci ci
D d
[figure]
Ʋpupa dicit. The Whooppoo saith. du du
E e
[figure]
Infans éjulat. The Infant cryeth. é é é
F f
[figure]
Ventus flat. The wind bloweth. fi fi
G g
[figure]
Anser gingrit The Goose gaggleth, ga ga
H h
[figure]
Os halat. The mouth breaketh out háh háh
I i
[figure]
Mus mintrit. She Mouse chirpeth. i i i
K k
[figure]
Anas tetrinnit. The Duck quacketh. kha kha
L l
[figure]
Lupus úlulat. The Woolf howleth. lu ulu
M m
[figure]
Ʋrsus múrmurat. The Bear grumbleth. mum mum
N n
[figure]
Felis clamat. The Cat cryeth. nau nau
O o
[figure]
Auriga clamat. The Carter cryeth. ó ó ó
P p
[figure]
Pullus pipit. The Chicken péepeth. pi pi
Q q
[figure]
Cúculus cúculat. The Cuckow singeth cuckow. kuk ku
R r
[figure]
Canis ringitur. The Dog grinneth. err
S s
[figure]
Serpens sibilat. The Serpent hisseth. si
T t
[figure]
Graculus clamat. The jay cryeth. tac tac
U u
[figure]
Bubo ululat. The Owl hooteth. ú ú
W w
[figure]
Lepus vagit. The Hare squealeth. vá
X x
[figure]
Rana coaxat. The Frog croaketh. coax
Y y
[figure]
Asinus rudit The Asse brayeth. y y y
Z z
[figure]
Tabanus dicit. The Bréeze or Horse-flie saith. ds ds

II.

2

Deus.

DEƲS est ex se­ipso, ab aeterno in aeter­num,

Ens perfectissimum & beatissimum

Essentiá Spiritualis & Unus.

Hypostasi, Trinus.

Voluntate, [Page 7] Sanctus, Justus, Clemens, verax,

Potentiâ, Maximus.

Bonitate, Optimus.

Sapientiâ, immensus:

Lux inaccessa; & tamen Omnia in omnibus:

Ubique, & nullibi:

Summum bonum, & bonorum omnium Fons solus, & inexhaustus.

Omninm Rerum quas vocamus mundum, ut Creator, ita Gubernator & Conservator.

God.

GOD is of himself, from everlasting to everlasting,

A most perfect and a most blessed Being.

In his Essence Spi­ritual, and one.

In his Personality, Thrée.

In his will, [Page 7] Holy, Iust, Merciful, and true.

In his power, very great:

In his goodness, very good.

In his wisdom, unmeasurable.

A light inaccessible; and yet all in all:

Every where, and no where:

The chiefest Good, and the onely unex­hausted fountain of all good things:

As the creator, so the Governor, and preserver of all things, which we call the world.

III.

3

Mundus.

[Page 9] Coelum 1. habet Ignem, & Stellas.

Nubes 2. pendent in Aëre.

Aves 3. volant sub Nubibus.

Pisces 4. natant in Aquâ.

Terra habet Montes, 5. Sylvas, 6. Campos, 7. Animalia, 8. Homines, 9.

Ita, sunt plena Habitatoribus suis, quatuor Elementa, Mundi maxima Corpora.

The World.

[Page 9] The Heaven 1. hath fire, and Stars.

The Clouds 2. hang in the air.

Birds 3. flie under the Clouds.

Fishes 4. swim in the water.

The earth hath Hills 5. Woods 6. Fields 7. Beasts 8. And Men 9.

Thus, the greatest bodies of the World, the four Elements, are full of their own Inhabitants.

IV.

4

Coelum.

[Page 11] Coelum 1. rotatur, & ambit Terram 2. stantem in medio.

Sol 3. ubi ubi est, fulget perpetuò, ut ut

Nubila 4. eum à nobis er piant; facitque suis Radiis 5. Lucem; Lux Diem.

Ex opposito, sunt Tenebrae 6. inde Nox.

Nocte, splendet Luna, 7. & Stellae 8. micant, scintillant.

Vesperi 9. est Crepusculum: Manè Aurora 10. & Diluculum.

The Heaven.

[Page 11] The Heaven 1. [...]s whéeled about, and encompasseth the Earth 2. standing in the middle.

The Sun 3. wheresoever it is shineth perpetually, howsoever dark

Clouds 4. may take it from us; and by its rayes 5. [...]t causeth light, and the light, Day.

On the other side over against it is Darkness 6. and thence Night.

In the Night, shineth the Moon 7. and the Stars 8. glister, and twinckle.

In the Evening 9. [...]s Twilight, In the Morning, 10. the breaking, and [...]awning of the Day,

V.

5

Ignis.

Ignis ardet, urit, cremat.

Ejus Scintilla, ope Chalybis 1. è Silice (Pyrite) 2. elisa, & in Suscitabulo 3. à Fomite excepta, Sulphuratum 4. & inde Candelam 5 vel Lignum 6. accendit, & Flammam 7. excitat [Page 13] vel Incendium 8. quod aedificia corripit.

Fumus 9. inde ascendit, qui, adhaerens Camino, 10. abit in Fuliginem.

Ex Torre, (ligno ardente,) fit Titio 11. (lignum extinctum)

Ex Pruná, (candente torris particulâ) fit Carbo 12. (particulâ mortua.)

Tandem, quod remanet, est Cinis 13. & Favillae (cinis ardens.)

Fire.

The Fire [...]loweth, burneth, and consumeth to ashes.

A spark of it struck out of a Flint 1 (or Fierstone) 2. by means of a Steel 1. and taken by tinder in a tinder-box 3. lighteth a match 4. and after that a Candle 5, or a Stick, 6. and causeth a flame 7. [Page 13] [...]ze, 8. which [...]tcheth hold [...] the houses.

Smoak, 9. [...]cendeth there from [...]ich [...]king to the [...]imney 10. [...]rneth into soot.

Of a Fire-brand, (or burning stick,) [...] made a [...] and 11. or quenched [...]ick)

Of a hot Coal red-hot piece (a fire-brand) made a Coal 12. (or a dead [...]nder.)

That, [...]hich remaineth, [...]at last [...]shes 13. [...]d Embers or hot Ashes.)

VI.

6

Aër

[Page 15] Aura 1. spirat leniter.

Ventus 2. flat validé.

Procella 3. sternit arbores.

Turbo 4. se agit in gyrum.

Ventus subterraneus 5. excitat Terrae-motum; Terrae-motus facit Labes (ruinas.) 6.

The Air.

[Page 15] A cool Air 1 [...]eatheth gently.

The wind 2 [...]oweth strongly.

A Storm 3. [...]roweth down Trées.

A whirl-wind 4. [...]rneth it self in a [...]und compass.

A wind under [...]round 5. [...]auseth an Earthquake. [...]n Earthquake, caus­ [...]th gapings of the [...]arth, (and falls of Houses.) 6.

VII.

7

Aqua.

[Page 17] Aqua scatet è Fonte, 1. defluit in Torrente, 2. manat in Rivo, 3. stat in Stagno, 4. fluit in Flumine, 5. gyratur in Vortice, 6. facit Paludes 7.

Flumen habet Ripas. 8.

Mare facit Littora, 9. Sinus, 10. Promontoria, 11. Insulas, 12. Peninsulas, 13. Isthmos, 14. Freta, 15. & habet Scopulos, 16.

The Water.

[Page 17] The water springeth out of a fountain, 1. floweth downwards in a brook, 2. runneth in a beck, 3. standeth in a pond, 4. [...]uideth [...]n the stream, 5. a whirled about in a whirl-pit 6. and causeth [...]ens 7.

The River [...]ath banks 8.

The Sea maketh shores 9. Bayes, 10. Capes 11. Islands 12. Almost Islands 13. Necks of Land 14. Straights, 15. and hath in it Rocks. 16.

VIII.

8

Nubes.

Ex aquâ ascendit Vapor. 1.

Inde fit Nubes 2. & propè terram Nebula. 3.

E Nube guttatim stillat Pluvia 4 & Imber.

[Page 19] Quae, gelata, Grando; 5. semigelata, Nix; 6. calefacta, Rubigo est.

In nube pluviosâ, Soli oppositâ, apparet Iris. 7.

Gutta, incidens in aquam, facit Bullam; 8. multae Bullae faciunt Spumam. 9.

Aqua congelata Glacies; 10. Ros congelatus, Pruina, dicitur.

Ex vapore sulphureo fit Tonitru, quod, erumpens è nube cum Fulgure, 11. tonat & fulminat.

The Clouds.

A vapour 1. ascendeth from the water.

From it a Cloud 2. is made, and a white Mist 3.

neer the Earth.

Rain 4 and a small shower distilleth out of a Cloud, drop by drop:

[Page 19] Which being frozen, is Hail; 5. half-frozen, is snow; 6. being warm is Mel-dew.

In a Rainy Cloud, set over against the Sun, the Rain-bow 7. appeareth.

A drop falling into the water, maketh a Bubble. 8 many Bubbles make froth. 9.

Frozen water, is called Ice, 10. Dew congealed, a white Frost.

Thunder is made of a brimstone-like vapour, which breaking out of a cloud with lightning, 11. thundereth and strik­eth with lightening.

IX.

9

Terra.

[Page 21] In Terrâ sunt Montes 1. alti, Valles 2. profundae, Colles 3. elevati, Speluncae 4. cavae, Campi 5. plani, Sylvae 6. opacae.

The Earth.

[Page 21] In the Earth are high Mountains 1. Deep Valleys, 2. Hills Rising, 3. Hollow Caves, 4. Plain Fields, 5. Shady Woods, 6.

X.

10

Terrae-Foetûs.

[Page 23] Pratum 1. fert Gramina, cum Floribus & Herbis: quae desecta, fiunt Foenum 2.

Arvum 3. fert Fruges & Olera 4.

In Sylvis proveniunt Fungi, 5. Fraga, 6. Myrtilli &c.

Sub Terrâ nascuntur Metalla, Lapides, Mineralia.

The Fruits of the Earth.

[Page 23] A meadow 1. yieldeth Grass, with Flowers and Herbs, which being cut down, are made Hay 2.

A Field 3. yieldeth Corn, and Pot-hearbs 4.

Mushroms 5. Straw-berries, 6. Myrtle-trees, &c.

Come up in woods. Metals, Stones, and Minerals grow under the Earth.

XI.

11

Metalla.

[Page 25] Plumbum 1. est molle & grave.

Ferrum 2. est durum, & durior Calybs. 3.

E Stanno, faciunt Cantharos; 4.

è Cupro, Ahena, 5.

ex Orichalco, Candelabra, 6.

ex Argento, Thaleros, 7.

ex Auro, Scutatos, (Ducatos) & Coronatos. 8.

Argentum vivum, semper liquet, & metalla corrodit.

Metals.

[Page 25] Lead 1. [...]s soft, and heavy.

From 2. [...]s hard, and Steel 3. harder.

They make Tankards (or Kans) 4.

of Tinn; Kettles 5.

of Copper; Candlesticks 6.

of Lattin; Dollers 7.

of Silver; Ducates and Crown pieces 8.

of Gold; Quick-silver, is alwayes liquid, and eateth thorow Metals.

XII.

12

Lapides.

Arena 1. & Sabulum 2. est comminutus Lapis.

Saxum 3. est pars Petrae (Cautis) 4.

Cos, 5. Silex, 6.

[Page 27] Marmor, 7. &c. sunt lapides obscuri.

Magnes 8. adtrahit ferrum.

Gemmae 9. sunt lapilli pellucidi, ut: Adamas candidus, Rubinus rubeus, Sapphirus caeruleus, Smaragdus viridis, Hyacinthus luteus, &c. & micant angulati.

Margaritae & Ʋniones 10. crescunt in conchis;

Corallia 11. in Marinâ arbusculâ.

Succinum 12. colligitur è mari.

Vitrum 13. simile est Crystallo.

Stones.

Sand 1. and Gravel 2. is Stone broken into bits.

A great Stone 3. is a piece of a Rock (or Crag) 4.

A whet-stone 5. A Flint, 6.

[Page 27] Marble 7. &c. [...] ordinary [...]es.

A Load-stone 8. [...]weth Iron to it.

Iewels 9. [...] clear stones, as, The Diamond white, The Rubie red, The Sapphire blew, The Emerald green, The Jacinth yellow, &c. And they glister [...]ing cut in fashion of [...]e nayls of ones hand

Pearls, and Unions 10. grow in Shell-Fish,

Corals, 11. in a Sea-shrub.

Amber, 12. is gathered from the Sea.

Glasse, 13. is like Chry­stal.

XII.

13

Arbor.

E Semine procrescit Planta, 1.

Planta abit in Fruticem, 2

Frutex in Arborem, 3.

Arborem sustentat Radix 4.

[Page 29] E Radice surgit Stirps (Stemma.) 5.

Stirps se dividit in Ramos 6. & Frondes, 7. factas ex Foliis 8.

Cacumen 9. in summo est.

Truncus 10. adhaeret radicibus.

Caudex, 11. est dejectus Stipes, sine ramis: habens Corticem & Librum, 12. pulpam & medullam, 13.

Viscum 14. ramis adnascitur: qui etiam Gummi, Re sinam, Picem, &c. sudant.

Tree.

A Plant 1. srow­eth from a Seed.

A Plant war­eth to a Shoot, 2

A Shoot, to a Tree, 3.

The Root 4 beareth up the Trae.

[Page 29] [...]e Body or Stem 5. [...]th from the [...]

The Stem [...]ideth it self [...]o Boughs 6. [...] green branches 7. [...]de of [...]ves 8.

The top 9. [...] in the height.

The Stock 10. [...]close to the roots.

A Log 11. [...] the body feld down, without boughs, [...]aving [...]ark and Rinde 12. Bait and Heart 13.

Bird-lime 14. growth upon the boughs, which also sweat Gumm, Rosin, Pitch, &c.

XIV.

14

Fructus Arborum

Poma ab arboribus fructiferns decerpuntur.

Malum 1. est rotundum.

Pyrum 2. & Ficus 3. sunt oblonga.

Cerasum 4. pendet longo Pediolo;

Prunum 5. & Persicum 6. [Page 31] breviori;

Morum 7. brevissimo.

Nux juglans 8. Avellana 9. & Castanea 10. involuta sunt Cortici & Putamini.

Steriles arbores sunt 11. Abies, Alnus, Betula, Cupressus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Salix, Tilia, &c. sed pleraeque umbriferae.

At Iuniperus 12. & Laurus 13. ferunt Baccas;

Pinus 14. Strobilos.

Quercus 15 Glandes & Gallas.

Fruits of Trees.

Fruits that have no shels are pulled from fruit-hearing trees.

The Apple 1. is round.

The Pear 2. and Fig 3. are somewhat long.

The Cherry 4. hangeth by a long start.

The Plumb 5. and Peach 6. [Page 31] a shorter.

The Mulberry 7. a very short one.

The Wall-nut 8. [...]e Hasel-nut 9. [...] Chest-nut 10. [...]e wrapt in a [...]usk [...]nd a Shell.

[...] Barren Trees [...]e 11. The Firr, the Elder, the Birch, the Cypress, the Beech, the Ivy, the Sallow, the Linde tree, &c. But the most of them affording shade.

But the Juniper 12. and Bay-tree 13. yield Berries.

The Pine 14. Pine-Apples.

The Oak 15. Acorns and Galls.

XV.

15

Flores.

Inter Flores, notissimi,

Primo Vere, Viola 1. Hyacinthus 2. Narcissus 3

Tum Lilia, alba, & lutea 4. & coerulea 5.

Tandem Rosa, 6. Caryophyllum, 7. &c.

[Page 33] Ex his vientur Serta 8. & Serviae 9.

Adduntur etiam Herbae odoratae 10. ut, Amaracus, Amaranthus, Ruta, Lavendula, Rosmarinus (Libanotis) Hyssopus, Nardus, Ocymum, Salvia, Menta, &c.

Inter Campestres, 11. notissimi sunt, Flores: Lilium convallium, Chamaedrys, Cyanus, Chamaemelum, &c.

& Herbae: Cytisus (Trifolium) Absinthium, Acetosa, Ʋrtica, &c.

Tulipa 12 Florum decus est, sed odoris expers.

Flowers.

The most noted amongst the Flowers,

In the beginning of the Spring are the Violet 1. the Crow-tree 2. the Daffadil 3.

Then the Lillies white and yellow 4 and blew 5.

and the Rose 6. and Clove-gillow-flowers 7. &c.

[Page 33] Of these Garlands 8. and Nose-gays 9. [...]re tyed ronnd with [...]wigs.

There are also sweet [...]erbs added 10. [...]s, Marjorum, [...]lower-gentle, Rue, Lavender, Rosemary, Hysop, [...]pike, Basil, Sage, Mints, &c.

Amongst Field-flow­ers 11. the most noted are, the May lilie, the Ground Ivy, the Blew-bottle, Chamomel, &c.

And amongst herbs, Trefoil, Wormwood, Sorrel, the Nettle, &c.

The Tulip 12. is the grace of flowers, but affording no smel.

XVI.

16

Olera.

[Page 35] In Hortis nascuntur Olera, ut, Lactuca 1. Brassica 2. Cepa 3. Allium 4. Cucurbita 5. Siser 6. Rapa 7. Raphanus minor 8. Raphanus major 9. Petroselinum 10. Cucumeres 11. Pepones 12.

Pot-Herbs.

[Page 35] Pot-herbs grow in Gardens, as, Lettice 1. Colewort 2. Onions 3. Garlike 4. Gourd 5. The Parsnep 6. The Turnep 7. The Rhadish 8. Horse-Rhadish 9. Perselie 10. Cucumbers 11. and Pompions 12.

XVII.

18

Fruges.

[Page 37] Frumenta, quaedam crescnnt super culmum, distinctum geniculis, ut, Triticum, 1. Siligo, 2. Hordeum; 3. in quibus Spica, habet Aristas, aut est mutica, fovet (que) grana in glumâ.

Quaedam, pro Spicâ, habent Paniculam, continentem grana fasciatim, ut, Avena, 4. Milium, 5 Frumuntum Saraceni­cum 6.

Legumina habent Siliquas, quae grana includunt valvulis, ut, Pisum, 7. Faba, 8. Vicia, 9. &, his minora, Lentes & Cicera.

Corn.

[Page 37] Some Corn, grow upon a Straw, parted by knots, as, Wheat, 1. Rie, 2. Barley, 3. in which the Ear hath awnes, or else it is without awnes, and it nourisheth the Corns in the Husk.

Some, in stead of an Ear, have a rizom (or plume) conteining the Corns by bunches, as, Oats, 4. Millit, 5. Turkey-wheat. 6.

Pulse have Cods, which enclose the corns in two shales, as, Pease 7. Beans, 8. Vetches, 9. and those that are lesse than these, Lentils and Urles (or Tares.)

XVII

17

Frutices.

[Page 39] Planta, major herbâ & durior, dicitur Frutex, ut sunt:

In ripis & stagnis, Iuncus, 1. enodis Scirpus [Canna] 2. ferens Typhos, & nodosa intus (que) cava Arundo. 3.

Alibi, 4. Rosa, Ribes, Sambucus, Iuniperus.

Item Vitis, 5. quae emittit Palmites, 6. & hi Capreolos, 7. Pampinos, 8. ac Racemos, 9. quorum Scapo pendent Ʋvae, continentes Acinos.

Shrubs.

[Page 39] A Plant being greater, and harder than an Herb, is called a Shrub, such as are;

In Banks, and ponds, the Rush, 1, the Bul-rush, 2. or Cask without knots, bearing Cats tailes, and the Reed 3 which is knotly and hollow within

Elsewhere, 4. the Rose, the Bastard-Corinths, the Elder, the Juniper.

Also the Vine 5. which putteth forth branches 6. and these tendrels 7. Vine-leaves, 8. and bunches of grapes 9. on the stalk whereof hang grapes, which contein Grape­stones.

XIX.

19

Animalia. & Primùm Aves.

[Page 41] Animal, vivit, sentit, movet se; nascitur, moritur; nutritur, & crescit; stat, aut sedet, aut cubat, aut graditur.

Avis, (hîc Halcyon, 1. in mari nidulans,) tegitur Plumis, 2. volat Pennis, 3. habet duas Alas, 4. totidem Pedes, 5. Caudam; 6. & Rostrum 7.

Foemella, 8 in Nido 9. ponit Ova, 10. iisque incubans, excludit Pullos. 11.

Ovum tegitur Testâ, 12. sub quâ est Albumen, 14. in hoc Vitellus. 13.

Living-Creatures, and first Birds.

[Page 41] A living Creature, liveth, perceiveth, moveth it self; is born, dieth; is nourished, and groweth; standeth, or fitteth, or lyeth, or goeth.

A Bird, (here the Kings Fisher 1. making her nost in the Sea) is covered with Feathers 2. flyeth with Wings 3. hath two pinions 4. and as many Feet 5. A tail, 6. and a bill, 7.

The Shee, 8. layeth Egges, 10. in a Nest, 9. and sitting upon them, hatcheth young-ones 11.

An Egge is covered with a Shell 12. under which is the white 14. in this the Yolk. 13.

XX.

20

Aves Domesticae.

[Page 43] Gallus 1. (qui manè cantat) habet Cristam, 2. & Calcaria; 3. castratus, dicitur Capo, & saginatur in Ornithotrophio. 4.

Gallina, 5. ruspatur fimetum, & colligit grana: sicut & Columbae, 6. (quae educantur in Columbario; 7.) & Gallopavus, 8. cum suâ Meleagride. 9.

Formosus Pavo, 10. pennis superbit.

Ciconia, 11. in tecto nidificat.

Hirundo, 12. Passer, 13. Pica, 14. Monedula, 15. & Vespertilio, 16. (Mus alatus) volitant circa Domus.

Tame Fowl.

[Page 43] The Cock 1. which croweth a morning) [...]th a Comb, 2. [...] Spurs; 3. [...]ng gelded, he is [...]led a Capon. [...] is crammed a Coop 4.

A Hen, 5. [...]capeth the Dunghill, and picketh up Corns, also the Pigeons, 6. which are brought up a Pigeon-house 7.) the Turkey-Cock 8. [...]ith his Turky-Hen. 9.

The gay Peacock 10. [...]ideth in his feathers.

The Stork, 11. [...]ildeth her nest on the top of the House.

The Swallow, 12. the Sparrow, 13. the Mag-pie, 14. the Jackdaw, 15. and the Bat, 16. (or Flittermouse) [...]se to flie about Houses.

XXI.

21

Oscines.

[Page 45] Luscinia (Philomela 1. cantat suavissimè omnium.

Alauda 2 cantillat, volitans in aëre;

Coturnix, 3. humi sedens;

Caeterae, in ramis arborum, 4. ut: Luteola peregrina, Fringilla, Carduelis, Acanthis, Linaria, parvus Parus, Galgulus, Rubecula, Curruca, &c.

Psittacus 5. discolor, Merula, 6. Sturnus, 7. cum Picâ & Monedulâ, discunt humanas voces formare.

Pleraeque, solent includi Caveis. 8.

Singing-Birds.

[Page 45] The Nightingal 1. [...]eth [...]swéetliest of all.

The Lark 2. [...]geth, [...]he flyeth in the air;

The Quail, 3. [...]ing on the ground;

Others, 4. the boughs of Trées [...] the Canary-bird, [...]e Chaffinch, [...]e Goldfinch, [...]e Siskin, [...]e Linnet, [...]he little Titmouse, [...]he Wood-wall, [...]he Robin-red-breast, [...]e hedge sparrow, &c.

The party-coloured [...]arret 5. [...]he Black-bird, 6. [...]he Stare, 7. [...]ith the Mag-pie, and the Jay, [...]arn [...]o frame Mens Words:

A great many [...]re wont to be shut in Cages. 8.

XXII.

22

Aves Campestres & Sylvestres.

[Page 47] Struthio 1. est ales maximus;

Regulus 2. (Trochilus) minimus;

Noctua 3. despicatissimus;

Ʋpupa 4. sordidissimus, rescitur enim stercori­bus;

Manucodiata 5 rarissimus.

Phasianus 6. Tarda (Otis) 7. Tetrao 8. surdus, Attagen 9. Perdix 10. Gallinago (Rusticola) 11. & Turdus, 12. in deliciis habentur.

Inter reliquas, potissimae sunt: Grus 13 pervigil, Turtur 14. gemens, Cuculus 15 Palumbes, Picus, Garrulus, Cornix, &c. 16.

Birds that haunt the Fields, and Woods.

[Page 47] The Ostrich 1. the greatest Bird.

The Wren 2. the least.

The Owl 3. [...]most despicable.

The Whoophoo 4. most nasty, it eateth dung.

[...]e Bird of Paradice 5. very rare.

The Pheasant 6. Bustard 7. deaf wild Peacock 8. Moor-Hen 9. Partridge 10. Wood-cock 11. the Thrush 12. accounted dainties.

Amongst the rest, best are the watch▪ Crane 13. mournful Turtle 14 Cuckow 15. Stock-dove, Speight, Jay, Crow, &c. 16.

XXII.

23

Aves Rapaces.

[Page 49] Aquila, 1. Rex avium, Solem intuetur.

Vultur, 2. & Corvus, 3. pascuntur morticinis [cadaveri­bus.]

Milvus 4. insectatur pullos gallinaceos.

Falco, 5. Nisus, 6. & Accipitur, 7. captant aviculas;

Astur, 8. columbas, & aves majores.

Ravenous Birds.

[Page 49] The Eagle, 1. the King of Birds, looketh upon the Sun.

The Vulture, 2. and the Raven, 3. féed upon Carrion.

The Kite 4. pursueth Chickens.

The Falcon, 5 The Hobbie, 6. and the Hawk, 7. catch at little Birds.

The Gerfalcon, 8. Pigeons, and greater Birds.

XXIV.

24

Aves Aquaticae.

[Page 51] Olor 1. candidus, Anser, 2. & Anas, 3. natant.

Mergus, 4, se mergit.

His adde Fulicam, Pelecanum, &c. 10.

Halicaetus 5. & Gavia, 6. devolantes; sed Ardea 7. stans in ripis, captant pisces.

Butio, 8. rostrum aquae inserit, & ut bos mugit.

Motacilla 9. motat caudam.

Water Fowl.

[Page 51] The white Swan, 1. The Goose, 2. and the Duck, 3. swim up and down.

The Cormorant 4. diveth.

Adde to these the water-hen, and the Pelecan, &c. 10.

The Osprey, 5. and the Sea-mew, 6. flying down-wards use to catch fish, but the Heron 7. standing on the Banks.

The Bittern, 8. putteth his Bill into the water, and belloweth like an Ox.

The Water-wagtail 9. waggeth the tail.

XXV.

25

Insecta volantia.

[Page 53] Apis 1. facit Mel, quod depascit Fucus. 2.

Vespa, 3. & Crabro, 4. aculeo infestant: & Pecus imprimis, Oestrum (Asilus;) 5. nos autem, Musca 6. & Culex 7.

Gryllus 8. cantillat.

Papillio 9. est Eruca alata.

Scarabaeus 10. tegit alas Vaginis.

Cicindela [Lampy­ris] 11. noctu nitet.

Flying-vermin.

[Page 53] The Bee 1. maketh Honey, which the Drone 2. devoureth.

The Wasp, 3. and the Hornet, 4. [...]olest with a sting; and the Gad-bee (or Breese) 5. especially Cattell; but the Flye 6. and the Gnat 7. us

The Cricket 8. [...]ngeth.

The Butterflie 9. to a winged Caterpiller.

The Beetle 10, covereth her wings with Cases.

The Glow-worm 11. shineth by night.

XXVI.

26

Quadrupedia, & Primùm Domestica.

[Page 55] Canis 1. cum Catello, 2. est custos Domûs.

Felis (Catus) 3. domum purgat à Muribus; 4. quod etiam facit Muscipula. 5.

Sciurus, 6. Simia, 7. & Cercopithecus, 8. domi habentur delectamento.

Glis, 9. & caeteri Mures majores, 10. ut, Mustela, Martes, Viverra, domum infestant.

Four-Footed-Beasts, and first those about the House.

[Page 55] The Dog 1. with the Whelp 2. is the kéeper of the House.

The Cat 3. [...]iddeth the House of Mice; 4. which also a Mouse-trap, 5. doth,

The Squirrel, 6. The Ape, 7. and the Monkey, 8. are kept at home for delight.

The Dormouse, 9. and other greater Mice, 10. as, the Weesell, The Martin, and the Ferret, trouble the House.

XXVII.

27

Pécora.

[Page 57] Taurus 1. Vacca 2. & Vitulus 3. pilis teguntur.

Aries (Vervex) 4. Ovis 5. cum Agno 6. Lanam gestant. Hircus (Caper) 7. cum Caprâ 8. & Haedo 9. habent Villos & aruncos

Porcus (Scrofa) 10. cum Porcellis 11. habent Setas; at non Cornua, sed etiam Ʋngulas bisulcas, ut illa.

Heard Cattel.

[Page 57] The Bull 1. [...]e Cow 2. and the Calf 3. [...]e covered with hair.

The Ram, the Wea­ther 4. [...]e Ewe 5. and the Lamb 6. [...]ar wool. The Hee-goat, [...]e gelt-Goat 7. [...]ith the Shee-goat 8. and Kid 9. [...]ve [...]ag-hair and beards.

The Hog, the Sow 10. and the Pigs 11. [...]ave bristles, at not horns; at cloven feet too, [...]o those other [...]ave.

XXVIII.

28

Iumenta.

[Page 59] Asinus 1. & Mulus 2. gestant Onera;

Equus 3. (quem ornat Iuba 4.) nos ipsos;

Camelus 5. mercatorem cum mercibus suis.

Elephas (Barus) 6. pabulum adtrahit Proboscide 7. Dentes duos 8 habet prominentes, & portare potest etiam triginta Viros.

Labouring Beasts.

[Page 59] The Ass 1. and the Mule 2. carry burdens.

The Horse 3. which a Main 4. graceth) carrieth us.

The Camel 5. carrieth the Merchant with his Wares.

The Elephant 6. draweth his meat to him with his Trunk 7. He hath two Teeth 8. standing out, and is able to carry full thir­ty men.

XXIX.

29

Ferae Pécudes.

[Page 61] Ʋrus 1. & Bubalus 2. sunt feri boves.

Alces major equo, (cujus tergus est inpenetrabilis) habet ramosa cornua; ut & Cervus 4.

Sed Caprea 5. cum Hinnulo, ferè nulla;

Capricornus 6. praegrandia;

Rupicapra 7 minuta, quibus se ad rupem suspendit;

Monoceros 8. unum, sed pretiosum.

Aper 9. dentibus grassatur.

Lepus 10. pavet.

Cuniculus 11. terram perfodit;

ut & Talpa 12 quae grumos facit.

Wilde Cattel.

[Page 61] The Buff 1. and the Buffal 2. are wilde Bulls.

The Elke 3. being bigger than an horse (whose back is impenetrable) hath knaggy horns; as also the Hart 4.

But the Roe 5. and the Hinde Calf al­most none;

The Stone-back 6. huge great ones;

The Wilde-goat 7. hath very little ones, by which she hangeth her self on a rock.

The Unicorn 8. hath but one, but that a precious one

The Boar 9. assaileth one with his tushes.

The Hare 10. is fearful.

The Cony 11. diggeth the earth;

As also the Mole 12. which maketh hillocks.

XXX.

30

Ferae Bestiae.

[Page 63] Bestiae habent acutos Ungues & dentes, suntque carnivorae.

Ut, Leo, 1. Rex Qnadrupedum, jubatus, cum Leaenâ;

Maculosus Pardus (Panthera) 2.

Tygris 3. immanissima omnium;

Villosus Ʋrsus 4.

Rapax Lupus 5.

Lynx 6. visu pollens.

Caudata Vulpes 7. omnium astutissima.

Erinaceus 8. est aculeatus.

Melis 9. latebris gaudet.

Wilde Beasts.

[Page 63] Wilde Beasts have sharp paws, and teeth, and are flesh-eaters.

As the Lyon 1. the king of four-footed beasts, having a main, with the Lioness;

The spotted Panther 2.

The Tygre 3. the cruellest of all;

The shaggy Bear 4.

The ravenous Wolf 5.

The quick fighted Ounce 6.

The tayled Fox 7. the craftiest of all.

The Hedge-hog 8. is prickly.

The Badger 9. delighteth in holes.

XXXI.

31

Serpentes & Reptilia.

[Page 65] Angues, repunt sinuando se:

Coluber 1. in Sylvâ;

Natrix (hydra) 2. in Aquâ;

Vipera 3. in Saxis;

Aspis 4. in Campis;

Boa 5. in Domibus.

Coecilia 6. est coeca.

Lacerta 7. Salamandra 8. in igne vivax, Pedes habent.

Draco 9. Serpens alatus, halitu;

Basiliscus 10. Oculis;

Scorpius 11 venenatâ caudâ, necantes.

Serpents and creeping things.

[Page 65] Snakes creep by winding themselves;

The Adder 1. in the wood;

The Water-Snake 2. in the water;

The Viper 3. among great stones;

The Aspe 4. in the fields;

The Boa (or Mill-Snake 5.) in Houses.

The Slow-worm 6. is blinde.

The Lizzard 7. and the Salamander 8. (that liveth long in the fire) have feet.

The Dragon 9. a winged Serpent kil­leth with his breath;

The Basilisk 10. with his eyes, and the Scorpion 11. with his poysonous tayl.

XXXII.

32

Insecta repentia.

Vermes, res rodunt:

Lumbricus 1. terram;

Eruca 2. plantam;

Cicada 3 fruges;

Curculio 4 frumenta;

[Page 67] Teredo (cossus) 5. ligna;

Tinea 6 Vestem;

Blatta 7. Librum;

Termites 8. carnem & caseum;

Acari, Capillum.

Saltans Pulex 9. Pediculus 10. foetens Cimex 11. nos mordent.

Ricinus 12. sanguisugus est.

Bombyx 13. facit sericum.

Formica 14. est laboriosa.

Aranea 15. texit araneum, muscis retia.

Cochlea 16. testam circumfert.

Crawling Vermin.

Worms gnaw things;

The Earth-worm 1. the earth;

The Caterpiller 2. the Plant;

The Grashopper 3. the Fruits;

The Mite 4. the Corn;

[Page 67] The Timber-worm 5. Wood;

The Moth 6. a garment;

The Book-worm 7. a Book;

Maggots 8. Flesh and Chéese;

Hand-worms the hair.

The Skipping Flea 9. the Lowse 10. and the stinking Wall-louse 11. bite us.

The Tike 12. is a blood-sucker.

The Silk-worm 13. maketh silk.

The Pismire 14 is painful.

The Spider 15. weaveth a Cobweb, nets for flies.

The Snail 16. carrieth about her Snail-horn.

XXXIII.

33

Amphibia.

[Page 69] In terra & aqua viventia sunt,

Crocodilus 1. immanis & praedatrix bestia Nili fluminis;

Castor (Fiber) 2. habens pedes anserinos ad natandum, & caudam squameam;

Lutra 3. & coaxans Rana 4. cum Bufone,

Testudo 5. supra & infra testis, ceu scuto, operta.

Creatures that live as well by Water as by Land.

[Page 69] Creatures that live by land and by water are,

The Crocodile 1. a cruel and preying Beast of the River Nilus;

The Castor or Beaver 2. having seet like a Gooses to swim, and a scaly tayl;

The Otter 3. the croaking Frog 4. with the Toad,

The Tortoise 5. covered above and beneath with shels, as with a Target.

XXXIV.

34

Pisces Fluviatiles & Lacustres.

Piscis habet Pinnas, 1. quibus natat; & Branchias, 2. quibus respirat; & Spinas, loco ossium: praetereà, Mas, lactes; Foemina, Ova.

Quidam habent Squamas, [Page 71] ut Carpio 3 Lucius (Lupus) 4.

Alii sunt glabri, ut, Anguilla 5 Mustela 6.

Accipenser (Sturio) 7. mucronatus, ultra longitudinem viri excrescit;

Silurus 8 bucculentus, major illo est;

Sed maximus Antaceus (Huso;) 9.

Apuae 10. gregatim natantes, sunt minutissimi.

Alii hujus generis sunt, Perca, Alburnus, Mullus (barbus) Thymallns, Trutta, Gobius, Tinca 11.

Cancer 12. tegitur crustâ, habetque chelas, & graditur porrò & retrò.

Hirudo 13 sugit sanguinem.

River Fish and Pond Fish.

A Fish hath Fins 1. with which it swim­eth, and Gills 2. by which it taketh breath, and Prickles instead of bones: besides, the Male hath a Melt, and the Female a Row.

Some have Scales, [Page 71] as the Carp 3. and the Luce or Pike 4.

Some are sleek, as the Eele 5. and the Lamprey 6

The Sturgion 7. having a sharp snout, groweth longer than a man;

The Sheath-fish 8. having wide cheeks, is bigger then he.

But the Huson 9. is the greatest.

Minewes 10. swimming by shoals, are the least.

Others of this sort, are the Perch, the Bley, the Barbel, the Esch, the Trout, y e Gudgeon, & Tench 11

The Crab-fish 12. is covered with a shell, and it hath claws, and crawleth forwards & backwards

The Horse-leech 13. sucketh blood.

XXXV.

35

Marini Pisces, & Conchae.

[Page 73] Piscium marinorum maximus est Balaena (Cetus) 1.

Delphinns 2. velocissimus,

Raia 3. monstrosissimus.

Alii sunt, Muraenula, 4. Salmo (Esox) 5.

Dantur etiam Volatiles. 6.

Adde Haleces, 7. qui salsi,

& Passeres, 8. cum Asellis, 9. qui arefacti, adferuntur:

& monstra marina, Phocam, 10. Hippopotamum, &c.

Concha 11. habet testas.

Ostrea 12. dat sapidam carnem.

Murex 13. purpuram;

alia, 14. Margaritas.

Sea-Fish, and Shel-Fish.

[Page 73] The Whale 1. is the greatest of the Sea-Fish.

The Dolphin 2. the swiftest;

The Scate 3, the most monstrous,

Others are the Lamprel, 4. The Salmon, & the lax, 5

There are also Fish that fly. 6.

Adde Herrings, 7. which are brought

pickled, and Place, 8. and Cods, 9. which are brought dry, & the Sea-monsters,

the Seal, 10. and the Sea-horse, &c.

Shel-fish 11. have shels.

The Oyster 12. affordeth swéet meat.

The Purple-fish 13. purple;

The other Pearls, 14.

XXXVI.

36

Homo.

[Page 75] Adamus, 1. primus Homo, sextâ die Creationis, à Deo, ad imaginem Dei, è glebâ terrae;

& Heva, 2. prima Mulier, è costâ viri, formati sunt.

Hi, à Diabolo. sub specie Serpentis, 3. seducti, cum comede­rent de fructu arboris vetitae, 4. ad miseriam 5. & mortem, cum omni posteritate suâ, damnati & è Paradiso 6. ejecti sunt.

Man.

[Page 75] Adam, 1. the first Man, was made by God, after the Image of God, the sixth day of the Creation, of a lump of Earth;

And Eve, 2. the first Woman, was made of a Rib of the Man.

These, being tempted by the Devil, under the shape of a Serpent, 3. when they had eaten of the fruit of the forbidden Tree, 4. were condemned to misery 5. and death, with all their posterity, and cast out of Paradise 6.

XXXVII.

37

Septem Aetates Hominis.

[Page 77] Homo est primùm Infans, 1. deinde Puer, 2. tum Adolescens, 3. inde Iuvenis, 4. posteà Vir, 5. dehinc Senex, 6. tandem Silicirnium. 7.

Sic etiam in altero Sexu, sunt, Pupa, 8. Puella, 9. Virgo, 10. Mulier, 11. Vetula, 12. Anus decrepita. 13.

The seven Ages of Man.

[Page 77] A Man is first an Infant, 1. then a Boy, 2. then a Youth, 3. then a Young-man, 4. then a Man, 5. after that, an Elderly­man, 6. and at last, a decrepid old Man, 7.

So also in the other sex, there are, a Girle, 8. A Damosel, 9. A Maid, 10. A Woman, 11. an Elderly Woman, 12. and a decrepid old woman. 13.

XXXVIII.

38

Membra Hominis Externa.

Caput 1. est suprà, infrà, Pedes. 20.

Colli (quod desinit in Axillas 2.) pars anterior, est Jugulum; 3. posterior, Cervix. 4.

Pectus, 5. est antè; retrò, Dorsum: 6. [Page 79] in illo sunt Foeminis, binae Mammae 7. cum Papillis.

Sub pectore est Venter; 9. in ejus medio, Vmbilicus, 10. subtus Inguen, 11. & pudenda.

A tergo, sunt Scapulae, 12. à quibus pendent Humeri, 13. ab his, Brachia, 14. cum Cubito, 15. inde, ad utrum (que) latus, Manûs, Dextera 8. & Sinistra 16.

Humeros, excipiunt Lumbi 17. cum Coxis, 18. & in Podice (culo) Nates. 19.

Pedem absolvunt; Fémur, 21. tum Crus, 23. (intermedio Genu 22.) in quo Sura, 24. cum Tibiâ, 25. abhinc Tali, 26. Calx (Calcaneum) 27. & Solum, 28. in extremo Hallux 29. cum quatuor Digitis.

The outward parts, of a Man.

Caput, 1. is above, the Feet, 20. below.

The forepart of the Neck, (which ends, at the Arm-holes 2.) is the Throat, 3. the hinder-part the Crag, 4.

The Breast, 5. and is before; the back: 6. behinde; [Page 79] [...]omen have in it two Dugs 7. with Nipples.

Under the breast [...] the Belly, 9. in the middle of it, the Navel, 10. underneath the groyn, 11. and the privities.

The Shoulder-blades, are behinde the Back, 12. [...]n which the Shoulders, depend 13. on these the Arms 14. with the Elbow, 15: and then, the hands on either side, the right, 8. and the left. 16.

The next to the shoulder a▪ are the Loyns 17. with the Hips, 18: and in the breech, the Buttocks, 19.

These make the Foot; The Thigh, 21. then the Leg, 23. (the Knee being betwixt them 22.) in which is the Calf, 24. with the Shin, 25. then, the Anckles, 26. The Heel, 27. and the Sole, 28. in the very end, the great Toe, 29. with four (other) Toes.

XXXIX.

39

Caput & Hands.

In Capite sunt Capillus, 1. (qui pectitur Pectine 2.) Aures 3. binae, & Tempora, 4. Facies. 5.

In facie sunt Frons, 6. Oculus 7. uter (que), Nasus 8. (duabus Naribus) Os, 9. [Page 81] Genae (Malae) 10. & Mentum. 13.

Os septum est Mystace, 11. & Labiis; 12. Lingua cum Palato, Dentibus 16 in Maxillâ.

Mentum virile tegitur Barbâ, 14. Oculus verò, (in quo Albugo & Pupilla) palpebris & supercilio. 15.

Manus contracta, Pugnus 17. est; aperta, Palma, 18. in medio, Vola, 19. extremitas, Pollex, 20. cum quatuor Digitis, Indice, 21. Medio, 22. Annulari 23. & Auriculari. 24.

In quolibet sunt articuli tres a. b. c. & totidem Condyli d. e. f. cum Ʋngue. 25.

The Head and the Hand.

In the Head are, The Hair, 1. (which is combed with a Comb, 2.) two Eares, 3. The Temples, 4. and the face, 5.

In the Face are, the Forehead, 6. both the Eyes, 7. The Nose, 8. (with two Nostrils) The Mouth, 9. [Page 81] the Cheeks 10. and the Chin. 13.

The Mouth is fenced with a Mustacho, 11. and Lips; 12 a Tongue and Palate, and Teeth 16. in the Cheekbone.

A Mans Chin is co­vered with a Beard; 14. and the eye, (in which is the white and the Apple) with eye-lids, and an eye-brow 15.

The Hand being closed, is a Fist; 17. being open, is a palm, 18. in the midst, is the hollow 19. of the Hand; the extre­mity is the Thumb, 20. with four Fingers, the fore-finger, 21. the middle-finger, 22. the Ring-finger, 23. and the little-finger, 24.

In every one are three joynts a. b. c. and as many knuckles d. e. f. with a Nayl, 25.

XL.

40

Caro & Vi­scera.

In Corpore sunt Cut is cum Membranis, Caro cum Musculis, Canales, Cartilagines, Ossa & Viscera.

Detractâ Cute 1. apparet Caro 2. non continuâ massâ, sed distributa, tanquam in farcimina, quod vocant Musculos, [Page 83] quorum numerantur quadringenti quinque canales Spirituum ad movendum membra.

Viscera, sunt membra interna:

Ut, in Capite, Cerebrum 3. circumdatum Cranio & Pericranio.

In Pectore, Cor 4. obvolutum Pericardio; & Pulmo 5. respirans.

In Ventre, Ventriculus 6. & Intestina 7. obducta Omento; Iecur (Hepar) 8. & à sinistro ei oppositus Lien 9. duo Renes 10 cum Vesicâ 11.

Pectus à Ventre dividitur crassâ membranâ, quae vocatur Diaphragma 12.

The Flesh and the Bowels.

In the Body are y e Skin with the Membranes, the flesh with y e muscles, the Chanels, the Gristles, y e bones & the bowels.

The Skin being pull dost y e flesh 2 appeareth, not in a con­tinued lump, but being distributed, as it were into stuffe puddings which they call muscles [Page 83] whereof there are rec­koned four hundred and five, being the chanels of the Spirits to move the members.

The Bowels are y e inward members,

as, in y e head y e brain 3. being compassed about with a Skull, and the skin which covereth the Skul.

In the brest, y e heart 4. covered with a thin skin about it, and the Lungs 5. breathing to and fro.

In the Belly, the Stomach 6. and the Guts 7. covered with a Kell; the Liver 8. and on the left side op­posite against it y e milt 9 the two kidneys 10. and the bladder 11.

The breast is divided from the belly by a thick mem­brane, which is called the Mid-riff 12.

XLI.

41

Canales & Ossa.

Canales Corporis sun Venae, Sanguinem, ex Hepate;

Arteriae, calorem & Vitam, è Corde;

Nervi, Sensum & Motum à Cerebro, per Corpus deferentes.

Haec tria, 1. ubique sociata invenies. Porrò, ab ore [Page 85] in Ventriculum, Gula, 2. via cibi ac Potûs; & juxtà hanc, ad Pulmonem Guttur, 5. pro respiratione; a ventriculo ad Anum, Colum 3. ad excernendum Stercus; ab Hepate ad Vesicam, Ʋréter 4. reddendae Urinae.

Ossa sunt: in Capite, Caelvaria, 6. duae Maxillae, 7. cum XXXII. Dentibus; 8.

Tum, Spina dorsi, 9. corporis columna, constans ex XXXIV. Vertebris, ut Corpus se flectere queat;

Costae, 10. quarum viginti quatuor;

Os pectoris, 11. duae Scapulae, 12. Os sessibuli, 13. Lacerti 15. & Ʋlnae, Tibiae, 14. Fibula 16. anterior & posterior. 17.

Ossa Manûs, 18. sunt triginta quatuor, Pedis, 19. triginta.

In Ossibus est Medulla.

The Chanels & Bones

The Chanels of the body are, the Veins, carying the blood from the Liver;

The Arteries carrying heat and life from the heart;

The Nerves carrying sense and motion, throughout the body, from the brain.

You shall find these three 1. every where joyned to­gether. Besides, from y t mouth [Page 85] into the stomach is the Gullet 2. the way of the meat and drink: and by it to the lights the Wezand 5. for breathing: from the stomach to the arse [...]s a great Gut. 3. to Purge out the Ordure; from the Liver, to the Bladdec, the Ureter 4. for making water.

The Bones are, in the Head, the Skull, 6. the two Cheek-bones 7. with thirty two Teeth, 8.

Then the back-bone, 9 the Pillar of the body, consisting of thirty four turning-joynts, that the body may bend it self.

The Ribs, 10. whereof there are XXIV.

The Breast-bone, 11. the two Shoulder-blades, 12 The Buttock-bone, 13. the bigger Bone in the Arm, 15. and the lesser-bone, in the Arm, the Thigh-bone, 14. the foremost, 16. and the hindmost Bone, in the Leg, 17.

The bones of the Hand 18. are thirty four, and of the Foot, 19. thirty.

The Marrow [...]s in the Bones.

XLII.

43

Sensus externi & interni.

Sensus externi sunt quinque;

Oculus 1. videt colores, quid album vel atrum, viride vel coeruleum, rubrum aut luteum, sit.

Auris 2. audit Sonos, tum naturales, Voces & Verba; tum artificiales, Tonos Musicos.

[Page 87] Nasus 3. olfacit Odores, & Faetores.

Lingua 4. cum Palato gustat Sappres, quid dulce aut amarum, acre aut acidum, acerbum aut austerum.

Manus 5. dignoscit tangendo rerum Quantitatem & Qualitatem, calidum & frigidum, humidum & siccum, durum & molle, laeve & aspetum, grave & leve.

Sensus interni sunt tres.

Sensus communis 7. sub sincipite, apprehendit à Sensibus externis perceptas res.

Phantasia 6. sub vertice, dijudicat res istas, cogitat, somniat.

Memoria 8. sub occipitio, singula recondit & depromit: quaedam deperdit, & hoc est Oblivio.

Somnus est Sensuum requies.

The outward and inward Senses.

There are five outward Senses;

The Eye 1. seeth colours, what is white or black, green or blew, red or yellow.

The Ear 2. heareth Sounds, both natural, Voices and Words; and artificial, musical Tunes.

[Page 87] The Nose 3. senteth smels and stinks.

The Tongue 4. with the roof of the mouth tasteth savours, what is sweet or bitter, keen or bi­ting, sowr or harsh.

The Hand 5. by touching discerneth the quantity and quality of things, the hot and cold, the moist and dry, the hard and soft, the smooth and rough, the heavy and light

The inward Senses are three.

The Common-sense 7. under the forepart of the head, apprehendeth things taken from the outward Senses.

The Phantasie 6. under the crown of the head [...]dgeth of those things, thinketh and dreameth.

The Memory 8. under the hinder part of the head [...]yeth up every thing and fetcheth them out: loseth some, and this is forgetfulness.

Sleep, the Rest of the Senses.

XLIII.

42

Anima hominis.

Anima est vita corporis, in toto una:

Tantùm Vegetativa, in Plantis;

Simul Sensitiva, in Animalibus;

Etiam Rationalis, in Homine.

Haec consistit in tribus:

In Mente (Intellectu) [Page 89] quâ cognoscit & intelligit, Bonum ac Malum, vel verum, vel apparens;

In Voluntate, quâ eligit & concupiscit, aut rejicit & aversatur cognitum;

In Animo, quo prosequitur Bonum electum, vel fugit Malum rejectum.

Hinc Spes, & Timor, in cupidine & aversatione.

Hinc Amor & Gaudium, in fruitione:

Sed Ira ac Dolor, in passione.

Vera rei cognitio, est Scientia; falsa, Error; Opinio, Suspicio.

The Soul of man.

The Soul is the life of the body, one in the whole:

Only Vegetative in Plants. Withal sensitive in Animals;

And also Rational in man.

This consisteth in three things;

In the understanding [Page 89] whereby it judgeth, and understandeth a thing good and evill, or true or apparent;

In the will, whereby it chooseth, and desireth, or rejecteth or misliketh a thing known.

In the Mind, whereby it pursueth the good chosen; or avoideth the evill rejected.

Hence is hope, and Fear, in the desire and dislike;

Hence is love and joy, in the fruition;

But Anger, and Grief, in suffering.

The true judgment of a thing is Knowledge; the false is Error, Opinion, and Suspition.

XLIV.

45

Deformes & Monstrosi.

[Page 91] Monstrosi & Deformes sunt abeuntes corpore à communi formâ: ut sunt, immanis Gigas, 1. nanus Pumilio, 2. Bicorpor, 3. Biceps, 4. & id genus Monstra.

His accensentur: Capito, 5. Naso, 6. Labeo, 7, Bucco, 8. Straho, 2. Obstipus, 10. Strumosus, 11. Gibbosus, 12. Loripes, 13. Cilo; 15. adde Calvastrum, 14.

Deformed and Monstrous People.

[Page 91] Monstrous and deformed people, are those which differ in the body from the ordinary shape; as are, the huge Gyant, 1. the little Dwarf, 2. One with two bodies, 3. One with two heads, 4. & such like Monsters.

Amongst these are reckoned, The jolt headed, 5. The great Nosed, 6. The blubber-lipped, 7. The blub-cheeked, 8. The goggle-eyed, 9. The wry-necked, 10. The great-throated, 11. The crump-backed, 12. The crump-footed, 13. the steeple-crowned, 15 adde to these the Bald-pated. 14.

XLV.

44

Hortorum cultura.

Hominem vidimus: Jam pergamus ad Victum hominis, & ad Artes Mechanicas, quae huc faciunt.

Primus & antiquissi­mus Victus, Terrae Frnges:

Hinc primus Labor Adami, Horti-cultura.

Hortulanus (Olitor) 1 in Viridario fodit, [Page 93] Ligone 2. aut Bipalio, 3. facit (que) Pulvinos 4. ac Plantaria; 5. quibus infert Semina & Plantas.

Arborator 6. in Pomario plantat Arbores, 7. inseritque Surculos 8. Viviradicibus. 9.

Sepit Hortum, vel Cura, Muro, 10. aut Macerie, 11. aut Vacerrâ, 12. aut Plancis, 13. aut Sepe 14. flexâ è sudibus & vitilibus;

Vel Natura, Dumis & Vepribus. 15.

Ambulacris 16. & Pergulis 17. ornatur.

Fontanis 18. & Harpagio 19. rigatur.

The Dressing of Gardens.

We have séen Man; Now let us go on to Mans living, and to Handy-craft-Trades, which tend to it.

The first & most an­tient sustenance, were the fruits of the earth.

Hereupon the first labour of Adam, was the dressing of a garden.

The Gardiner 1. dig­geth in a garden-plot, [Page 93] with a Spade 2. or Mattock, 3. and maketh Beds 4. and places wherein to plant Trees; 5. on which he setteth Seeds and plants.

The Tree Gardiner 6. planteth Trees, 7. in an Orchard, and grafteth siens 8. in Stocks, 9.

He fenceth his Gar­den, either by Care, with a mound, 10. or a stone-wall, 11. or a rail, 12. or Pales, 13. or a Hedge, 14. made of Hedge-stakes, and bindings;

Or by Nature, with Brambles & Bryars. 15.

It is beautified with Walkes 16. and Galleries, 17.

It is watered with Fountains 18. and a watering-pot. 19.

XLVI.

46

Agricultura.

Arator 1. jungit Boves 3. Aratro, 2. &, tenens laevâ Stivam, 4. dextrâ Rallam 5, quâ amovet Glebas, 6. terram scindit Vomere, & Dentali, 7. anteâ Fimo 8. Sercoratam, [Page 95] facitque Sulcos. 9.

Tum seminat Semen 10. & inoccat Occâ. 1.

Messor 12. metit fruges maturas Falce messorid, 13. colligit Manipulos, 14. & colligat Mergetes. 15.

Tritor 16. in areâ Horrei 17. triturat Frumentum Flagello (tribulâ) 18. jactat Ventilabro, 19. atque ita, separatâ Paleâ & Stramine, 20. congerit in Saccos, 21.

Foeniseca 22, in Prato facit Foenum, desecans Gramen Falce foenariâ, 23, corradit (que) Rastro, 24. componit Acervos 26. Furcâ, 25. & convehit Vehibus 27. in Foenile. 28.

Husbandry.

The Plow-man 1. yoketh Oxen 3. to a Plough, 2. and holdeth the Plow-stilt, 4 in his left-hand and the Plow-staff 5. his right-hand (with which he re­moveth clods 6.) he cutteth the Land (which was manured afore with Dung 8.) with a share, 7. and a Coulter, [Page 95] and maketh furrows 9.

Then he soweth the Seed 10. and harroweth it in with a Harrow. 11.

The Reaper 12. sheareth the Ripe Corn with a Sickle, 13. gathereth up the handfuls, 14. & bindeth the sheaves. 15.

The Thrasher 16. thrasheth Corn on the Barn floor 17. with a flayl, 18, tosseth it in a winnow­ing-basket, 19. and so when the chaff, and the straw, 20. are separated from it, he putteth it into Sacks 21.

The Mower 22. maketh Hay in a Me­dow, cutting down Grass with a Sithe, 23. and raketh it together with a Rake, 24. he maketh up cocks, 26 with a fork, 25. & carrieth it on cariages 27. into the Hay-Barn. 28.

XLVII.

47

Pecuaria.

Agrorum cultus & res pecuaria, antiquissimis iempori­bus, Regum, Heroum; hodie tantùm infimae Plebis, Cura est.

Bubulcus 1. evocat Armenta 2. è Bovilibus 3. Buccinâ (Cornu) 4. & pastum ducit. [Page 97] Opilio (Pastor) 5. pascit Gregem, 6. instructus Fistulâ 7. & Perâ, 8 ut & Pede 9. habens secum Molossum 10. munitum, contra Lupos, Millo 11.

Sues 12. ex harae aqualiculo saginantur.

Villica 13. mulget vaccae Vbera 14. ad Praesepe 15. super Mulctrâ 16. & facit in Vase butyraceo 17. Butyrum è flore Lactis, & è Coagulo Caseos 18.

Ovibus detondetur Lana 19. ex qua conficiuntur variae Vestes.

Grasing.

Tillage of ground, & keeping Cattle, was in old time the Care of Kings & Noble-men, at this day onely of the meanest sort of People.

The Neat-heard 1. calleth out the heards, 2 out of the beasthouses 3 with a Horn, 4. and driveth them to féed. [Page 97] The Shepherd 5. feedeth his Flock 6. being furnished with a Pipe 7. and a Scrip, 8 and a Sheep-hook 9. having with him a great Dog 10. fenced with a Collar 11. against the Wolves.

Swine 12. are fed out of a Swine-Trough.

The Farmers wife 13. milketh the Udder of the Cow 14. at the Cratch 15. over a Milk-pale 16. and maketh Butter of Cream in a Churn 17. and Cheeses 18. of Curds.

The Wool 19. is shorne from Sheep, whereof several gar­ments are made.

XLVIII.

48

Mellificium.

[Page 99] Apes emittunt Examen 1 adduntque illi Ducem (Regem) 2

Examen illud, avolaturum, revocatur tinnitu Vasis aeneis 3. & includitur novo Alveari 4

Struunt Cellulas sexangulares 5 easqne complent melligine, & faciunt Favos 6. è quibus Mel effluit 7.

Crates, igne liquati, abeunt in Ceram 8.

The making of Honey.

[Page 99] The Bees send out a swarm 1 and set over it, a Leader 2.

That swarm, being ready to flie away is recalled by the tinkling of a Brazen vessel 3. and is put up into a new Hive 4.

They make little Cells with six corners 5 and fill them with Honey-dew, and make Combs 6. out of which the Honey runneth 7.

The Partitions being melted with fire, turn into Wax 8.

XLIX.

49

Molitura.

[Page 101] In Mola 1. currit Lapis 2. super lapidem 3. circumagente

Rota 4. & conterit per Infundibulum 5. infusa Grana, separatque Fursurem 6. decidentem in Cistam 7. à Farinâ (Polline) elabente per Excussorium 8.

Talis mola, primùm fuit, Manuruia 9.

deinde, Jumentaria 10.

tum aquatica 11. & Navalis 12.

tandem, Alata (pneumatica) 13.

Grinding.

[Page 101] In a Mill 1. A stone 2. runneth upon a stone 3

A Wheel 4. turning them about, and grindeth corn pou­red in by a Hopper 5. and parteth the Bran 6. falling into the Trough 7. from the Meal slipping through a Boulter 8.

Such a Mill, was first a Hand-mill 9.

then a Horse-Mill 10.

then a Water-Mill 11. and a Ship-mill 12.

and at last, a Wind-Mill 13.

L.

50

Panificium.

[Page 103] Pistor 1. cernit Farinam Cribro 2. pollinario, & indit Mactrae 3.

tum affundit aquam, & facit Massam 4. depsitque spathâ 5. ligneâ;

dein format Panes 6. Placentas 7. Similas 8. Spiras 9. &c.

Post imponit Palae 10. & ingerit Furno 11. per Praefurnium 12.

Sed priùs eruit Rutabulo 13. ignem & Carbones, quos infra congerit 14.

Et sic pinsitur Panis, habens extra Crustam 15. intus Micam 16.

Bread-Baking.

[Page 103] The Baker 1. si [...]teth the Meal in a Rindge 2. and putteth it into the Kneading-trough 3.

Then he powreth water to it, and maketh Dough 4. and kneadeth it with a wooden slice 5.

Then he maketh Loaves 6. Cakes 7. Cimnels 8. Rolls 9. &c.

Afterwards he set­teth them on a Peel 10. and putteth them tho­row y e Oven-mouth 12. into the Oven 11.

But first he pulleth out the fire, and the coals with a Coal-Rake 13. which he layeth on a heap underneath 14.

And thus is Bread baked, having the Crust without 15. and y e Crumb within 16

LI.

51

Piscatio.

[Page 105] Piscator 1. captat pisces,

sive, in littore, Hamo, 2. qui ab arundine filo pendet, & cui inhaeret Esca;

sive Fundâ, 3. quae pendens Perticâ, 4. aquae immittitur;

sive, in Cymba, 5. Reti, 6.

sive Nassâ, 7. quae per Noctem demergitur.

Fishing.

[Page 105] The Fisher-man 1. catcheth Fish,

either on the shoar, with an Hook, 2. which hangeth by a line from the angling-rod, and on which the bait sticketh;

or with a Cleek-Net, 3. which hanging on a Pole, 4. is put into the water;

or in a Boat, 5. with a Trammel-Net 6.

or with a Weel, 7. which is laid in the water by Night.

LII.

52

Aucupium.

Auceps 1. exstruit Aream, 2. superstruit illi Rete aucupatorium, 3. obsipat Escam, 4. &, abdens se in latibulum 5. allicit aves, [Page 107] Cantu Illicum, qui partim in areâ currunt, 6. parrim Caveis inclusi sunt; 7. atque ita reti obruit tranfvolantes aves, dum se demittunt:

aut tendit Tendiculas, 8. quibus seipsas suspendunt & suffocant;

aut exponit viscatos calaemos 9. Amiti, 10. quibus si insident, implicant Pennas, ut nequeant avolare, & decidunt in terram:

aut captat

Perticâ, 11. vel Decipulâ. 12.

Fowling.

The Fowler 1. maketh a bed, 2. spreadeth a Bird-net. 3. throweth bait 4. upon it, & hiding him­self in a Hut 5. he allureth Birds, [Page 107] [...]y the chirping of [...]ure-birds, which part­ [...]op upon the bed, 6. and are partly shut in Cages, 7. and thus he [...]ntangleth Birds that fly over, in his Net, whil'st they settle themselves down;

or he setteth Snares, 8. on which they hang, and strangle themselves;

or he setteth [...]ime-Twigs. 9. on a Perch, 10. upon which if they sit, they enwrap their Feathers, that they cannot fly away, and fall down to the ground;

or he catcheth them with a Pole. and a Pit-fall. 12.

LIII.

53

Venatus.

[Page 109] Venator 1. venatur feras, dum sylvam cingit Cassibus, 2. tentis super Varos (furcillas)

Canis sagax 4. vestigat feram, aut indagat. odoratu; Vertagus 5. persequitur.

Lupus, incidit in Foveam; 6. fugiens Cervus, 7. in plagas.

Aper 8 transverberatur Venabulo. 9.

Ʋrsus 10. mordetur à canibus, & tumditur Clavâ. 11.

Si quid effugit, evadit, 12. ut hîc Lepus & Vulpes.

Hunting.

[Page 109] The Hunter 1. hunteth wilde-beasts, whil'st he besetteth a Wood with Toyls, 2, fretched out, [...]pon Shoars 3. The Beagle 4. graceth the wilde­beast, [...]nd findeth him out by the sent; the Tumbler, or Grayhound, 5. pursueth it.

The Woolf, falleth into a Pit; 6. the Stag, 7. as he runneth away, into Toyles.

The Boar, 8. is struck thorow with a Hunting-Spear, 9.

The Bear 10. is bitten by Dogs, and is knocked with a Club, 11.

If any thing get away, it escapeth, 12. as here a Hare, and a Fox.

LIV.

54

Lanionia.

[Page 111] Lanio 1. mactat Pecudem altilem, 2. (Vescula 3. non sunt vesca) prosternit Clavâ, 4. vel jugulat Clunaclo, 5. excoriat (deglubit) 6. dissecatque, & carnes in Macello 7. venum exponit.

Suem 8. glabratigne, vel aquâ fervidâ, 9. & facit Pernas, 10. Petasones 11. & Succidias: 12.

Praetereà, Farcimina varia, Faliscos, 13. Apexabones, 14. Tomacula, 15. Botulos (Lucanicas.) 16.

Adeps 17. & Sebum 18. eliquatur.

Butchery.

[Page 111] The Butcher, 1. killeth fat Cattle, 2.

(The lean 3. are not fit to eat) he knocketh them down with an Ax, 4. or cutteth their throat with a slaughter-knife 5. he fleaeth them, and cutteth them in pieces, & hangeth out the flesh, to sell in the Shambles 7.

He dresseth a swine 8. with fire, or scalding water, 9. & maketh gammous, 10. Pestills 11. and Flitches, 12.

Besides, several Puddings, Chitterlings, 13. Bloodings, 14. Liverings, 15. Sassadges 16.

The Fat 17. and 18. Tallow are melted.

LV.

55

Coquinaria.

Promus condus 1. profert è Penu 3. Obsonia. 2.

Ea accipit Coquus, 4. & coquit varia esculenta.

Aves 5. priùs deplumat & exenterat;

Pisces 6. desquamat & exdorsuat;

[Page 113] Quasdam carnes lardo trajectat, ope Creacentri 7.

Lepores 8. exuit.

Tum elixat Ollis 9: & Cacabis 10. in Foco 11. & despumat Ligula 12.

Elixata condit aromatibus, quae comminuit Pistillo 14. in Mortario 13: aut terit Radulâ 15.

Quaedam assat Verubus 16. & Automato 17 vel super Craticulam 18.

Vel frigit Sartagine 19. super Tripodem 20.

Vasa Coquinaria praetereâ funt Rutabulum 21. Foculus (Ignitabulum) 22. Trua 23. (in quâ eluuntur Catini 24. & Patinae 25.) Pruniceps 26. Culter incisorius 27. Qualus 28. Corbis 29. & Scopae 30.

Cookery.

The Yeoman of the Larder 1. bringeth forth Provision 2. out of the Larder. 3.

The Cook 4. taketh them, and ma­keth several Meats.

He first pulleth off the Feathers, and draweth the guts out of the Birds 5. he scaleth, & splitteth Fish. 6.

[Page 113] He draweth some flesh with lard, by means of a Larding-Needle 7.

He caseth Hares 8.

Then he boyleth them in Pots 9. and Kettles 10. on the Hearth 11. and scummeth them with a Scummer 12.

He seasoneth things that are boyled, with Spices, which he poundeth with a Pestil 14. in a Mortar 13. or grateth with a Grater 15.

He rosteth some on Spits 16. and with a Jack 17. or upon a Grid-iron 18.

Or fryeth them in a Frying-Pan 19. upon a Brand-Iron 20.

Kitchen Utensils besides are a Cole-Rake 21. a Chafing-Dish 22. a Trey 23. in which Dishes 24. and Platters 25. are washed; A pair of Tongs 26. a Shredding-Knife 27. a Colander 28. a Basket 29. and a Bezom 30.

LVI.

56

Vindemia.

Vinum crescit in Vinea, 1. ubi Vites propagantur, & viminibus ad arbores, 2. vel ad Palos (ridicas) 3. vel ad Iuga, 4. alligantur.

Cùm tempus vindemiandi adest, abscindunt [Page 115] Botros, & comportant Trimodiis, 5. conjiciuntque in Lacum, 6. calcant pedibus, 7. aut tundunt ligneo Pilo, 8. & exprimunt succum Torculari, 9. qui dicitur Mustum, 11. &, Orcâ 10. exceptum, Vasis (Doliis) 12. infunditur, operculatur, 15. & in Cellas super Cantherios 14. abditum, in Vinum abit.

Edolio promitur, Siphone; 13. aut Tubulo, 16. (in quo est Epistomium) Vafe relito.

The Vintage.

Wine groweth in the Vine-yard, 1. where Vines are propagated, mid-tied with Twigs to Trees 2. or to props, 3. or frames, 4.

When the time of grape-gathering is come, they cut off [Page 115] the Bunches, and carry them in measures of three-bushels 5. and throw them into a Vat, 6. and tread them with their Feet, 7. or stamp them with wooden Pestill, 8. and squéese out the juice in the Wine-press, 9. which is called must, 11 and being received in a great Tub, 10. it is powred into Hogsheads, 12. it is stopped up 15. and being laid close in Cellars upon settles 14. it becommeth wine.

It is drawn out of the Hogshead, with a Cock, 13. or faucet, 16. (in which is a Spigot) the Vessel being un­bunged.

LVII.

57

Zythopoeia.

[Page 117] Ubi non habetur Vinum, bibitur Cerevisia (Zythus) quae ex Byne 1. & Lupulo, 2. in Aheno 3. coquitur; post in Lacûs, 4. effunditur, &, frigefactum, Labris 5. defertur in Cellaria 6. & vasibus infunditur.

Vinum sublimatum, èfecibus vini in Aheno, 7. cui superimpositum est Alembicum, 8. vi Caloris extractum, destillat per Tubum 9. in Vitrum.

Vinum & Cerevisia, acescens, fit Acetum. Ex Vino & Melle faciunt Mulsum.

Drawing.

[Page 117] Where Wine is not to be had they drink Beer, which is brewed of Malt 1. and Hops, 2. in a Caldron 3. afterwards it is powred into Vatts, 4, and when it is cold. it is carried in Soes, 5. into the Cellar 6. and is put into Vessels.

Brandi-wine, extracted by the power of heat from dregs of wine in a Pan, 7. over which a Limbeck 8. is placed, droppeth thorow a Pipe 9. into a Glasse.

Wine and Béer, when they turn sowr, become Vinegar.

They make Mede of Wine and Honey.

LVIII.

58

Convivium.

Cum apparatur Convivium, Mensa sternitur Tapetibus 1. & Mappâ, 2. à Triclinariis. qui praetereà apponunt Discos (Orbes) 3. Cochlearia, 4. Cultros 5. cum Fuscinulis, 6. Mappulas, 7. Panem 8. [Page 119] cum Salino. 9.

Fercula inferuntur in Patinis; 10. Artocreas, 19. in Lance.

Convivae, ab Hospite introducti 11. abluunt Manûs è Gutturnio 12. vel Aquali, 14. super Malluvium 13. aut Pelvim, 15. terguntque Mantili; 16. tum assident Mensae per Sedilia. 17.

Structor 18: deartuat dapes & destribuit.

Assaturis interponuntur Embammata in Scutellis. 20.

Pincerna 21. infundit Temetum, ex Ʋrceo 25, vel Cantharo 26. vel Lagenâ, 27. in Pocula 22. & Vitrea 23. quae exstant in Abaco 24. & porrigit Convivatori, 28. qui Hospitibus propinat.

A Feast.

When a Feast is made ready, the Table is covered with a Carpet 1. and a Table-Cloth 2. by the Waiters, who besides lay the Trenchers, 3. Spoons, 4. Knives, 5. with little Forks, 6. Table-Napkins, 7. Bread, 8. [Page 119] with a Salt-sellar, 9.

Messes are brought in Plattets, 10. a Pie, 19. on a Plate.

The Guests, being brought in by the Host 11. wash their Hands out of a Laver, 12. or Ewer, 14. over a Hand-Basin, 13. or Bowl, 15. and wipe them with a Hand-Towel, 16. then they fit at the Cable on Chaires. 17.

The Carver 18. breaketh up the good cheer and divideth it.

Sauces are set amongst Roste-meat in Sawsers. 20.

The Butler 21. filleth strong-wine out of a Cruse 25. or Wine-pot 26. or Flagon, 27. into Cups 22. or Glasses 23. which stand on a Cup-board 24. and he reacheth them to the Master of the Feast, 28. who drinketh to his Guests.

LIX.

59

Tractatio Lini.

[Page 121] Linum & Cannabis aquis macerata, rursum (que) ficcata, 1. contunduntur Frangibulo ligneo, 2. (ubi Cortices 3. decidunt) tùm carminantur Carmine ferreo, 4. ubi Stupa 5. separatur.

Linum purum alligatur Colo, 6. à Netrice, 7. quae sinistrâ trahit filum, 8. dexterâ 12. Rhombum (girgillum) 9 vel Fusum 10. (in quo Verticillus 11.) versat.

Fila accipit, Volva; 13. inde deducuntur in Alabrum; 14. hinc vel Glomi 15. glomerantur, vel Fasculi 16. fiunt.

The dressing of Line.

[Page 121] Line and Hemp, being rated in water, and dried again, 1. are braked with a wooden Brake, 2. where the Shives 3. fall down, then they are heckled with an Iron Heckle, 4. where the Tow 5. is parted from it.

Flax is tied to a Distaff, 6. by the Spinster, 7. which with her left hand pulleth out the Thred, 8. and with her right hand turneth a wheel 9 or a Spindle 10. upon which is a Wharl 11.

The Spool receiveth the Thred, 13. which is drawn thence upon a Yarn-windle; 14 hence either Clewes 15. are wound up, or Hanks 16. are made.

LX.

60

Textura.

[Page 123] Textor, diducit in Stamen Glomos, 1. & circumvolvit Iugo, 2. ac sedens in Textrino, 3. pedibus calcat In silia. 4.

Liciis diducit Stamen, 5. & trajicit Radium, 6. in quo est Trama, ac densat Pectine, 7. atque ita conficit Linteum. 8.

Sic etiam Pannifex facit Pannum è Lanâ.

Weaving.

[Page 123] The Webster, undoeth the Clewes, 1. into Warp, and wrappeth it about the Beam, 2. and as he sitteth in his Loom, 3. he treadeth upon the Treddles, 4. with his Féet.

He divideth the warp, 5. with yarn, and throweth the Shuttle 6. thorow, in which is the Woose, and striketh it close with the sley, 7. and so maketh Linnen-cloth. 8.

So also the Clothier maketh Cloth of Wool.

LXI.

61

Lintea.

[Page 125] Linteamina insolantur, 1. aquâ perfusa 2. donec candefiant.

Ex iis Sartrix 3. suit Indusia 4 Muccinia 5. Gollaria 6. Capitia, &c.

Haec, si sordidentur, à Lotrice 7. rursum lavantur aquâ five lixivio ac Sapone.

Linnen-Clothes.

[Page 125] Linnen-webs are bleached in y e Sun 1 with water poured on them 2. till they be white.

Of them the Sempster 3. soweth Shirts 4. Hand-kirchers 5. Bands 6. Caps, &c.

These, if they be fouled, are washed again by the Landress 7. in water or Lee, and Sope.

LXII.

62

Sartor.

[Page 127] Sartor 1. discindit Pannum 2. Forfice 3. consuitque, Acu & filo duplicato 4.

Posteà complanat Suturas Ferramento 5.

Sicque conficit Tunic as 6. Plicatas 7. in quibus infra est Fimbria 8. cum Institis 9.

Pallia 10. cum Patagio 11. & Togas manicatas 12.

Thoraces 13. cum Globulis 14. & Manicis 15.

Caligas 16. aliquando cum Lemniscis 17.

Tibiala 18. Chirothecas 19. Amiculum 20. &c.

Sic Pellio, facit Pellicia, è Pellibus.

The Taylor.

[Page 127] The Taylor 1. cutteth Cloth 2. with Shears 3. and soweth it together with a needle and double thred 4.

Then he presseth the Seams with a pressing-iron 5.

And thus he maketh Coats 6. with Plaits 7. in which the Border 8. is below with Laces 9.

Cloaks 10. with a Cape 11. and Sleeve Coats 12.

Doublets 13. with Buttons 14. and Cuffs 15.

Breeches 16. sometimes with Ribbons 17.

Stockings 18. Gloves 19. Muntero Caps 20, &c.

So the Furrier maketh Furred gar­ments of Furs.

LXIII.

63

Sutor.

[Page 129] Sutor 1. conficit, ope Subulae 2. & fili picati 3. super Modulo 4. è Corio 5. (quod Scalpro sutorio 6. discinditur) Crepidas (Sandalia) 7. Calceos 8. (in quibus spectatur supernè Obstragulum, infernè Solea, & utrinque Ansae) Ocreas 9. & Perones 10.

The Shoo-Maker.

[Page 129] The Shoo-maker 1. maketh Slippers 7. Shooes 8. (in which is seen above the upper-Leather, beneath the Sole, and on both sides the Latchets) Boots 9. and High-Shooes 10. of Leather, 5. (which is cut with a Cutting-Knife 6.) by means of an Awl 2. and Lingel 3. upon a Last 4.

LXIII.

63

The Carpenter.

Hominis Victum & Amictum, vidimus: sequitur nunc, Domicilium ejus.

Primò habitabant in Specubus 1. deinde in Tabernaculis vel Tuguriis 2. tum etiam in Tentoriis 3. demum, in Domibus.

[Page 131] Lignator Securi 4. sternit & truncat Arbores 5 remanentibus Sarmentis 6.

Clavosum Lignum findit Cuneo 7. quem adigit Tudite 8. & componit Strues 9.

Faber Lignarius asciat Asciâ 10. Materiam, unde cadunt Assulae 11. & serrat Serra 12. ubi Scobs 13. decidit;

Post elevat tignum super Canterios 14. ope Trochleae 15. affigit Ansis 16. & lineat Amussi 17.

Tum compaginat Parietes 18. & configit trabes Clavis trabalibus 19.

Faber lignarius.

We have seen Mens Food and cloathing; now his dwelling followeth.

At first they dwelt in Caves 1. then in Booths or Huts 2. and then again in Tents 3. at the last in Houses.

[Page 131] The Woodman fel­leth and heweth down Trees 5. with an Ax 4. the Boughs 6. remaining.

He cleaveth Knotty wood with a Wedg 7. which he forceth in with a Beetle 8. and maketh Wood-stacks 9.

The Carpenter squareth Timber with a Chip-Ax 10. whence Chips 11. fall, 12. and saweth it with a Saw where the Saw-dust 13. falleth down.

Afterwards he lifteth y e beam upon tressels 14. by y t help of a Pulley 15. fasteneth it with Cramp-irons 16. and marketh it out with a Line 17.

Then he frameth the Walls together, and fastneth the great pieces with pins 19.

LXIV.

64

Faber Murarius.

[Page 133] Faber murarius 1. ponit Fundamentum & struit Muros 2.

Sive è Lapidibus quos Lapidarius eruit in Lapicidinâ 3. & Latomus 4. conquadrat ad Normam 5.

Sive è Lateribus 6. qui, ex arenâ & luto, aquâ intritis, formantur, & igne excoquuntur:

Dein crustat Calce, ope Trullae 7. & Tectorio vestit 8.

The Mason.

[Page 133] The Mason 1. layeth a Foundation, and buildeth Walls 2.

Either of Stones, which y e Stone-digger, getteth out of the Quarry 3. and the Stone-cutter 4. squareth by a Rule 5.

Or of Bricks 6. which are made of Sand and Clay stéeped in water, and are burned with are.

Afterwards he plai­stereth it with Lime, by means of a Trowel 7. and garnisheth it with Rough-cast 8.

LXV.

65

Machinae.

[Page 135] Quantum duo ferre possunt, Palangâ 1. vel Feretro 2. tantum potest unus, trudendo ante se Pabonem 3. suspensâ à collo Aerumnâ 4.

Plus autem potest, qui molem, Phalangis (Cylindris) 6. impofitam, provolvit, Vecte 5.

Ergáta 7. est columella, quae versatur circumeundo.

Geranium 8. habet Tympanum, cui inambulans quis, pondera navi extrahit, aut in navem demittit.

Fistuca 9. adhibetur ad pangendum Sublicas 10. adtollitur, fune, tracto per Trochleas 11 vel manibus, si ans as habet 12.

Engines.

[Page 135] One can carry as much by thrusting a Wheel-Barrow 3. afore him, having an Harness 4. hanged on his neck, as two can carry on a Cole-staff 1. or Hand-barrow 2.

But he can do more, that rolleth a weight, laid upon Rollers 6. with a Lever 5.

A Wind-Beam 7. is a post which is turned by going about it.

A Crane 8. hath a hollow-wheel, in which one walking, draweth weights out of a Ship, or letteth them down into a Ship.

A Rammer 9. is used to fasten Piles 10. it is lifted up with a rope drawn by Pullies 11 or with hands, if it have handles 12.

LXVI.

66

Domus.

Ante Ianuam Domus est Vestibulum 1. Ianua habet Limen 2. & Superliminare 3. & utrinque Postes 4.

A dextris sunt Cardines 5. à quibus pendent Fores 6. à finistris Claustrum 7. aut Pessulus 8.

Sub aedibus est Cavaedium 9. [Page 137] pavimento tessellate, 10. fulcitum columnis, 11. in quibus Pcristylium 12. & Basis. 13.

Per Scalas 14. & Cochlidia 15. ascenditur in superiores contignationes.

Extrinsecus apparent Fenestrae, 16. & Cancelli (clathra) 17. Pergulae, 18. Suggrundia, 19. & Fulcra 20. fulciendis muris.

In summo est Tectum, 21. [tegulis] 22 contectum Imbricibus vel Scandulis, 23. quae incumbunt Tigillis, 24. haec Tignis. 25.

Tecto adhaeret Stillicidium. 26. Locus sine tecto dicitur Subdiale. 27.

In tecto sunt Meniana 28. & Coronides. 29.

A House.

The Porch 1. is before the door of y t house.

The door hath a threshold 3. and a Lintel 2. and Posts 4. on both sides

The Hindges 5. are on the right hand upon which y t doors 6. hang, the Latch 7. and the Bolt 8. are on the left-hand.

Before the house is a fore-court 9. [Page 137] with a Pavement of square-stones, 10. born up with pillars, 11 in which is the Chapiter 12. and the Base. 13.

They go up into the upper-stories by Greeses, 14. and winding-stairs 15.

The Windows, 16. appear on the outside, and the Grates 17. the Galleries, 18. the water-Tables, 19. and Butteresses 20. to bear up the Walls.

On the Top is the Roof, 21. covered with Tyles, 22. or Shingles, 23. which lye upon Laths, 24. and these upon Rafters. 25.

The Eaves, 26. adhere to the Roof.

The place without a Roof is called an open Gallery. 27.

In the Roof are Juttings out 28. (knops) or and Pinnacles 29.

LVII.

68

Metallifodinà.

[Page 139] Metalli-fossores 1. ingrediuntur Puteum fodinae, 2. Bacillo, 3. sive Gradibus, 4. cum Lucernis, 5. & effodiunt Ligone, 6. terram Metallicam, quae imposita Corbibus, 7 extrahitur Fune 8. ope Machinae tractoria. & defertur (9. in Ʋstrinam, 10. ubi igne urgetur, ut profluat Metallum; 12. Scoriae, 11. seorsim abjiciuntur.

A Mine.

[Page 139] Miners 1. go into the Grove, 2. by a Stick, 3. or by Ladders, 4. with Lanthorns, 5. and dig out the Oar, with a Pick, 6. which being put into Baskets, 7. is drawn out with a Rope 8. by the means of a Turn, 9. and is carried to the Smelting-house, 10. where it is forced with fire that the Me­tal may run out, 12. the Dross, 11. is thrown aside.

LXVII.

67

Faber Ferrarius.

[Page 141] Faber ferrarius 1. in Ʋstrinâ (Fabricâ) 2. inflat ignem Folle, 3. quem adtollit Pede, 4. at (que) ita candefacit Ferrum;

Deinde eximit Forcipe, 5. imponit Incúdi, 6. & cudit Malleo, 7. ubi Stricturae 8. exiliunt.

Et sic excuduntur Clavi, 9. Solea, 10. Canthi, 11. Catenae, 12. Laminae, Serae cum Clavibus, Cardines, &c.

Ferramenta canden­tia restinguit in Lacu.

The Black-Smith.

[Page 141] The Black-Smith 1. in his Smithie (or forge) 2. bloweth the fire with a pair of Bellowes, 3. which he bloweth with his Feet, 4. and so heateth the Iron;

And then he taketh it out with the tongs 5. layeth it upon the Anvile, 6. and striketh it with a Hammer, 7. where the Sparks 8. flie off.

And thus are hammered out Nailes, 9. Horshooes, 10, Cart-strakes, 11. Chains, 12. Plates, Locks and Keys, Hindges, &c.

He quencheth Hot-Irons in the Cool-trough.

LXIX.

69

Scriniarius & Tornator.

[Page 143] Arcularius 1. edolat Asseres 2. Runcinâ, 3. in Tabulâ, 4. deplanat Planulâ, 5. perforat (terebrat) Terebrâ, 6. sculpit Cultro, 7. combinat Glutine & Subscudibus, 8. & facit Tabulas, 9. Mensas, 10. Arcas (Cistas) 11. &c.

Tornio 12. sedens in Insili, 13. tornat Torno, 15. super Scamno tornato­rio 14. Globos, 16. Conos, 17. Icunculas 18. & similia Toreumata.

The Box-maker, and the Turner.

[Page 143] The Box-maker, 1. smootheth hewen-Boards 2. with a Plain, 3. upon a work board, 4. he maketh them very smooth with a little plain, 5. he boareth them tho­row with an augre, 6. carveth them with a Knife, 7. fasteneth them toge­ther with Glew, and Cramp-Irons, 8. and maketh Tables, 9. Boards, 10. Chests 11. &c.

The Turner 12. sitting over the treddle 13. turneth with a throw, 15. upon a Turners Bench 14., Bowls, 16. Tops, 17. Puppets, 18. and such like Turners work.

LXX.

70

Figulus.

[Page 145] Figulus, 1. sedens super Rotâ, 2. format ex Argillâ, 3. Ollas, 4. Ʋrceos, 5. Tripodes, 6. Patinas, 7. Vasa testaeea, 8. Fidelias, 9. Opercula, 10. &c. postea excoquit in Furno, 11. & incrustat Lithargyro.

Fracta Olla, dat Testas. 12.

The Potter.

[Page 145] The Potter, 1. sitting over a Wheel, 2. maketh Pots, 4. Pitchers, 5. Pipkins, 6. Platters, 7. Pudding-Pans, 8. Juggs, 9. Lids, 10. &c. of Potters-clay, 3. after­wards he baketh them in an Oven, 11. and glazeth them with White-Lead.

A broken-Pot, affordeth Pot-sheards. 12.

LXXI.

71

Partes Domûs.

[Page 147] Domus distinguitur in Conclavia, ut sunt, Atrium, 1. Hypocaustum. 2. Culina, 3. Cella penuaria, 4. Coenaculum, 5. Camera, 6. Cubiculum 7. cum adstructo Secessu (Latrinâ) 8.

Corbes 9. inserviunt rebus transferendis; Arcae, 10. (quae Clave 11. recluduntur) adservandis illis.

Sub tecto est Solum [Pavimentum] 12.

In Areâ, 13, Puteus, 14. Stabulum 15. cum Balneo. 16.

Sub Domo, est Cella. 17.

The Parts of a House.

[Page 147] A House is divided into inner Rooms, such as are, the Entry, 1. the Stove, 2. the Kitchin, 3 the Buttery, 4. the Dining-Room, 5. the Gallery, 6. the Bed-chamber, 7. with a Privy made by it, 8.

Baskets 9. are of use for carrying things to and fro; and Chests, 10. (which are made fast with a Key) 11. for kéeping them.

The Floor is under the Roof 12.

In the Yard, 13. is a Well, 14. a Stable, 15. and a Bath. 16.

Ʋnder the House, is the Cellar. 17.

LXXII.

72

Hypocaustum cum Dormitorio.

[Page 149] Hypocaustum 1. ornatur Laqueari 2. & Parietibus, tabulatis, 3.

Illuminatur Fenestris; 4.

Calefit Fornace. 5.

Ejus Utensilia sunt, Scamna, 6. Sellae, 7. Mensae 8. cum fulcris 9. ac scabellis, 10. & Culcitrae. 11.

Appenduntur etiam Tapetes. 12.

Pro levi cubátu, in Dormitorio, 13. est Lectus, (Cubile) 14. stratus in Spondâ, 15. super Stramentum, 16. cum Lodicibus, 17. & Stragulis 18.

Cervical 19. est sub capite.

Canopéo 20. Lectus tegitur.

Matula 21. est vesicae levandae.

The Stove, with the Bed-Room.

[Page 149] The Stove 1. is beautified with an Arched-Roof 2. & wainscotted walls, 3

It is enlighted with Windows; 4.

It is heated with an Oven. 5.

Its Vtensils are, Benches, 6. Stools, 7. Tables, 8. with Tressels, 9, Footstools, 10. and Cushions, 11.

There are also Tapestry hanged. 12.

For soft lodging, in a sleeping-room, 13. there is a Bed 14. spread on a Bed-stead, 15. upon a Straw-pad, 16. with Sheets, 17. and Cover lids, 18.

The Bolster 19. is under ones head.

The Bed is covered with a Canopy 20.

A Chamber-Pot, 21. is for making water in

LXXIII.

73

Putei.

[Page 151] Ubi Fontes deficiunt, effodiuntur Putei, 1. & circumdantur Crepidine, 2. ne quis incidat.

Inde hauritur aqua Ʋrnis (situlis) 3. pendentibus vel Perticâ, 4. vel Fune, 5.) vel Catenâ; 6. idque aut Tollenone, 7. aut Girgillo, 8 aut Cylindro 9. manubriato, aut Rotâ (tympano) 10. aut denique Antliâ. 11.

Wells.

[Page 151] Where Springs are wanting, Wells are digged, 1. & they are compassed about with a Brandrith, 2. lest any should fall in.

Thence is water drawn with Buckets 3. hanging either at a Pole, 4. or a Rope, 5. or a Chain; 6. and that either by a swipe, 7. or a windle, 8. or a Turn 9. with a handle, or a wheel, 10. or to conclude by a Pump. 11.

LXXIV.

74

Balneum.

[Page 153] Qui lavari cupit aquâ frigidâ, descendit in fluvium 1.

In Balneario 2. abluimus squalores, sive sedentes in Labro 3. sive conscendentes in Sudatorium 4. & defricamur Pumice 6. aut Cilicio 5.

In Apodyterio 7. vestes exuimus, & praecingimur Castulá (Subligari) 8.

Caput tegimus Pileolo 9. & pedes imponimus Pelluvio 10.

Balneatrix 11. ministrat aquam Situlâ 12. haustam ex Alveo 13. in quem defluit è Canalibus. 14.

Balneator 15. scarificat Scalpro 16. & applicando Cucur­bitas 17. extrahit sanguinem subcutaneum, quem abstergit Spongiâ18.

The Bath.

[Page 153] He that desireth to be washt in cold water go­eth down into a river 1.

In a Bathing-house 2. we wash off the filth ei­ther sitting in a Tub 3. or going up into the Hot-house 4. and we are rubbed with a Pumice stone 6. or a Hair cloth 5.

In y e stripping room 7 we put off our clothes, and have an Apron tied about us 8.

We cover our head with a Cap 9. and put our feet in a Basin 10.

The Bath-Woman 11. reacheth water in a Bucket 12. 13. drawn out of y e trough into which it runneth out of Pipes. 14.

The Bath-keeper 15. lanceth with a Lancer 16., and by applying Cupping Glasses 17. he draweth the blood betwixt the skin & the flesh, which he wipeth away with a Spunge 18

LXXV.

75

Tonstrina.

[Page 155] Tonsor 1. in Tonstrinâ 2. tondet Crines & Barbam Forpice 3. vel radit Novaculâ, quam è Thecâ 4. depromit; & lavat super Pelvim 5. Lixivio defluente è Gutturnio, 6. ut & Sapone, 7. & tergit Linteo, 8. pectit Pectine 9. crispat Calamistro 10.

Interdum Venam secat Scalpello 11. ubi Sanguis propullulat. 12.

Chirurgus, curat Vulnera.

The Barbers-shop.

[Page 155] The Barber 1. in the Barbers-shop 2. cutteth off the Hair and the Beard with a pair of Sizzars 3. or shaveth with a Razor, which he taketh out of his Case 4. and he washeth one over a Basen 5. with Sud, running out of a Laver, 6. and also with Sope, 7. and wipeth him with a Towel, 8. combeth him with a Comb, 9. and curleth him with a Crisping-Iron 10.

Sometimes he cut­teth a vein with a Pen-knife 11. where the blood spirteth out. 12.

The Chirurgion cureth Wounds.

LXXVI.

76

Equile.

[Page 157] Stabularius (Equiso 1.) purgat à fimo 2. Stabulum;

Alligat Equum 3. Capistro 4. ad Praesepe, 5. aut, si mordax sit, constringit Fiscellâ 6.

Deinde substernit stramenta 7.

Avenam ventilat Vanno 8. (paleis mixtâ, ac depromptâ è cist â pabulatoriâ) 10. eâque pascit equum, ut & Foeno 9. Postea aquatum ducit ad Aquarium 11.

Tum detergit Panno 12. depectit Strigili 15. insternit Gausape, 14. & Soleas inspicit, an Calcei ferrei 13. firmis clavis haereant.

The Stable.

[Page 157] The Horse Keeper 1. cleanseth the Stable from Dung; 2.

He tyeth a Horse 3. with a Halter 4. to the Manger, 5. or, if he be apt to bite, he maketh him fast with a Muzzel 6.

Then he streweth Litter 7. under him.

He winnoweth Oats with a Van 8. the Provender being mixt with Chaff, and taken out of a Chest 10. and feedeth the horse with them, as also with Hay 9. Afterwards he leadeth him to the watering­trough 11. (to water.

Then he rubbeth him with a Cloth 12. combeth him with a Curry Comb 15. covereth him with an Housing cloth 14. and looketh upon his Hoofs, whether the Shooes 13. be fast with the nayls.

LXXVII.

77

Horologia.

[Page 159] Horologium dimetitur Horas.

Solarium 1. ostendit umbrâ Gnomonis 2. quota sit hora; sive in pariete, sive in pyxide magn­eâ 3.

Clepsydra 4. ostendit partes horae quatuor, fluxu arenae, olim aquae.

Autòmaton 5. numerat etiam nocturnas horas, circulatione rotarum, quarum maxima trahitur à Pondere 6. & trahit ceteras:

Tum horam indicat, vel Campana 7. sonitu suo, percussa à malleolo: vel extrà Index 8. Circuitione sua.

Dialls.

[Page 159] A Dial measureth hours:

A Sun Dial 1. sheweth by the shadow of the Cock 2. what a clock it is, either on a wall, or a Compass 3.

An hour-glass 4. sheweth the four parts of an hour, by the running of sand, heretofore of water.

A Clock 5. numbereth also the hours of the night, by the turning of the wheels, the greatest whereof is drawn by a weight 6. and draweth the rest.

Then either the Bell 7. by its sound, being struck on by the hammer, or the hand 8. without, by its moti­on about, sheweth the hour.

LXXVIII.

78

Pictura.

[Page 161] Picturae 1. oblectant Oculos, & ornant conclavia.

Pictor, 2. pingit effigiem Penicillo, 3. in Tabulâ, 4. super Pluteo; 5. sinistrâ tenens Orbem pictorium, 6. in quo Pigmenta quae terebantur à Puero 7. in marmore.

Sculptor & Statuarius, exsculpunt Statuas, 8. è Ligno & Lapide.

Caelator & Scalptor insculpit Aeri (Ligno) aliisque Metallis, Figuras 10. & Characteres, Coelo. 9.

The Picture.

[Page 161] Pictures 1. delight the eyes, and adorn Rooms.

The Painter, 2. painteth an Image with a Pencil, 3. in a Table, 4. upon a Case-frame; 5. holding his Pollet, 6. in his left-hand, on which are the paints which the Boy 7. ground on a Marble.

The Carver, and Statuarie carve Statues, 8. of Wood and Stone;

The Graver and the Cutter grave shapes 10. and Charracters with a graving Chesill in Wood, Brass, and other Metals. 9.

LXXIX.

79

Specularia.

[Page 163] Specula 1. parantur, ut homines intueantur seipsos;

Perspicilla, 2. ut acriùs cernat, qui habet Visum debilem.

Per Telescopium, 3. videntur remota, ut proxima;

in Microscopio, 4. Pulex apparet ut Porcellus.

Radii Solis accendunt ligna per Vitrum urens. 5.

Looking-glasses.

[Page 163] Looking-Glasses 1. are provided, that Men may see themselves;

Spectacles, 2. that he may see better, who hath a weak sight.

Things a far off, are séen in a perspective-glass, 3. as things néer at hand;

A Flea appeareth in a multiplying-glass, 4. like a little Hog.

The rayes of the Sun burn Wood thorow a burning­glass. 5.

LXXX.

80

Vietor.

[Page 165] Vietor, 1. amictus Praecinctorio, 2. facit è Virgis colurnis, 3. super Sellam incisoriam 4. Scalpro bimanubriato, 5. Circulos; & ex ligno Assulas. 6.

Ex assulis conficit Dolia 7. & Cupas, 8. Fundo bino; tum Lacûs, 9. Labra, 10. Pitynas 11. & Situlas, 12. fundo uno.

Postea vincit Circulis, 13. quos ligat ope Falcis vietoriae, 14. Viminibus, 15. & aptat Tudite 16. ac Trudiculâ. 17.

The Cooper.

[Page 165] The Cooper, 1. having an Apron 2. tied about him, maketh Hoops of Hassel-rods, 3. upon a cutting-block, 4 with a Spoke-shave, 5. and Lags 6. of Timber.

He maketh Hogs-heads 7. and Pipes, 8. with two Heads, and Tubs, 9. Soes, 10. Flaskets, 11. Buckets, 12. with one Bottom, of Lags.

Then he bindeth them with Hoops, 13. which he tyeth fast with small Twigs, 15. by means of a Cramp-Iron, 14. and he fitteth them on with a Mallet 16. and a Driver. 17.

LXXXI.

81

Restio, & Lorarius.

[Page 167] Restio 1. contorquet Funes, 2. agitatione Rotulae, 3. è Stupâ, 4. vel Cannabi, quam sibi circumdat.

Sic fiunt, primò Funiculi, 5. tum Restes, 6. tandem Rudentes. 7.

Lorarius 8. scindit de corio bubulo, 9. Loramenta, 10. Frena, 11. Cingula, 12. Baltheos, 13. Crumenas, 14. Hippopéras, 15. &c.

The Roper, and the Cordwainer.

[Page 167] The Roper 1. twisteth Cords, 2. of Tow, or Hemp, 4. (which he wrappeth about himself) by the turning of a Wheel. 3.

Thus there are made, first Cords, 5. then Ropes, 6. and at last Cables. 7.

The Cordwainer 8. cutteth great Thongs, 10. Bridles, 11. Girdles, 12. Sword-Belts, 13. Pouches, 14. Port-mantles, 15. &c. out of a Beast-hide. 9.

LXXXII.

82

Viator.

Viator, 1. portat Humeris in Bulgá, 2. quae non capit Funda 3. vel Marsupium. 4.

Tegitur Lacernâ; 5. Manu tenet Baculum, 6. quo se fulciat;

[Page 169] Opus habet Viatico, ut & fido & facundo Comite. 7.

Propter Semitam, 8. nisi sit Callis tritus, non desetat Viam regiam. 9.

Avia 10. & Bivia 11. fallunt, & seducunt in Salebras; 12. non aequè, Tramites 13. & Compita. 14.

Sciscitetigitur Obvios, 15. quà sit eundum; & caveat Praedones, 16. ut in viâ, sic etiam in Diversorio, 17. ubi pernoctat.

The Traveller.

A Traveller 1. beareth on his shoul­ders in a Budget, 2. those things which his Satchell 3. or Pouch, 4. cannot hold.

He is covered with a Cloak; 5. He holdeth a Staff 6. In his Hand, where­with to bear up him­self;

[Page 169] He hath néed of Provision for the way, as also of a pleasant Companion. 7.

Let him not forsake the High-road, 9. for a Foot-way, 8. unlesse it be a beaten-Path.

By-wayes, 10. and places where two wayes méet 11. deceive, and lead men aside into uneven­places, 12. so do not by-paths, 13. and crosse-wayes, 14.

Let him therefore enquire of those he meeteth, 15. which way he must go; and let him take héed of Robbers, 16. as in the way, so also in the Inne, 17. where he lodgeth all Night.

LXXX III.

83

Eques.

Eques 1. imponit Equo 2. Ephippium, 3. idque succingit Cingulo; 4.

Insternit etiam Dorsuale; 5.

Ornat cum Phaleris, Frontali, 6. Antilenâ, 7. [Page 171] & Postilenâ. 8.

Deinde insilit in equum, indit pedes Stapedibus, 9. sinistrâ capessit Lorum (habenam) 10. Freni, 11. quo equum flecit & retinet;

Tum admovet Calcaria, 12. incitatque Virgulâ, 13. & coërcet Postomide. 14.

Bulgae, 15. pendent ex apice ephipii, 16. quibus inseruntur Sclopi. 17.

Ipse eques induitur Chlamyde; 18. Lacernâ à tergo revinctâ. 19.

Veredarius 20. cursim equo fertur.

The Hors-man.

The Horse-man 1. setteth a Saddle, 3. on his Horse, 2. and girdeth it on with a Girth; 4.

He layeth a Saddle-Cloth 5. also upon him.

He decketh him with Trappings, a Fore-stall, 6. a Breast-Cloth, 7. [Page 171] and a Crupper. 8.

Then he getteth upon his Horse, putteth his Feet into the Stirrops, 9. taketh the Bridle­rein, 10, 11, in his left hand wherewith he guideth & holdeth the Horse;

Then he putteth to his Spurs, 12. and setteth him on with a Switch, 13. and holdeth him in with a Musroll. 14.

The Holsters, 15. hang down from the Pummel of the Saddle, 16. in which the Pistols are put. 17.

The Rider is clad in a short-Coat, 18. his Cloak being tied behind him. 19.

A Post 20. is carried on Horse-back a full Gallop.

LXXXIV.

84

Vehicula.

Trahâ 1. vehimur super nivibus & Glacie.

Vehiculum unirotum, dicitur Pabo; 2. birotum, Carrus; 3. quadrirotum [Page 173] Currus, qui vel Sarrácum, 4. vel Plaustrum. 5.

Partes Currûs sunt, Tomo, 6. Iugum, 7. Compages, 8. Spondae; 9.

Tum Axes, 10. circa quos currunt Rotae, praefixis Paxillis 11. & Obicibus. 12.

Basis Rotae 13 est Modiolus, 14. ex quo prodeunt duodecim Radii; 15.

Hos ambit Orbile, compositum è sex Absidibus 16. & totidem Canthis. 17.

Currui imponuntur Corbes & Crates. 18.

Carriages.

We are carried on a Sled 1. over Snow, and Ice.

A Carriage with one Wheel, is called a Wheel-barrow; 2. with two Whéels a Cart; 3. with four Whéels [Page 173] a Wagon, which is either a Timber-Wagon, 4. or a Load-wagon. 5.

The parts of a Wa­gon are, the Neep, (or draught-trée,) 6. the Beam, 7. the Bottom, 8. and the sides; 9.

Then the Axle-trees, 10. about which the Wheels run, the Lin-Pins 11. and Axletree-staves, 12. being fastened before them.

The Nave, 13. is the ground-fast of the Wheel, 14. from which come twelve Spokes; 15.

The Ring encom­passeth these, which is made of six fellows 16 and as many Strakes. 17

Hampiers, & Hurdles 18 are set in a Wagon.

LXXXV.

85

Vectura.

Auriga, 1. jungit Parippum 2. Sellario, 3. ad Temonem, de Helcio 4. dependentibus Loris vel Catenis. 5.

Deinde insidet Sellario, agit ante se Antecessores 6. [Page 175] Scutic â, 7. & flectit Funibus. 8.

Axem un git ex vase unguentario 9. Axungiâ; & inhibet rotam Sufflamine, 10. in praecipiti descensu.

Et sic aurigatur per Orbitas. 11.

Magnates vehuntur Sejugibus 12. duobus Rhedariis, Curru pensili qui vocatur Carpentum [pilentum;] 13.

Alii, Bijugibus, 14. Essedo. 15.

Arcerae 16. & Lecticae 17. portantur à duobus equis.

Per invios montes utuntur, loco Curruum, jumentis Clitellariis. 18.

Carrying to & fro.

The Coach-man, 1. joyneth a Horse fit to match a Sadle-horse, 2, 3 to the Coach-tree, with Thongs or Chains 5. hanging down from the Collar, 4.

Then he sitteth up­on the Saddle-horse, and driveth those that go before him 6. [Page 175] with a whip, 7. and guideth them with a String. 8.

He greaseth the Axle­tree with Axle-tree-grease out of a grease­pot 9. and stoppeth the whéel with a trigen 10. in a stéep descent.

And thus the Coach is driven along the wheel-ruts. 11.

Great Persons are carryed with six Horses 12. by two Coach-men, in a hanging-wagon, which a called a Coach; 13.

Others, with two Horses, 14. in a Chariot 15.

Horse-Litters 16, 17. are carried by two Horses.

They use Pack-hor­ses instead of Wagons thorough Hills that are not passable.

LXXXVI.

86

Transitus aquarum.

[Page 177] Trajecturus flumen ne madefiat, excogitati sunt Pontes 1. pro Vehiculis, & Ponticuli 2. pro Peditibus.

Si flumen hahet Vadum, 3. vadatur. 4. Struuntur etiam Rates, 5 ex compactis tignis; vel Pontones, 6. ex trabibus consolida­tis ne aquam excipiant.

Porrò fabricantur Lintres (Lembi) 7. qui aguntur Remo, 8. vel Conto, 9. aut trahuntur Remulco. 10.

Passing over Waters.

[Page 177] Lest he that is to passe over a River should be all wet, Bridges 1. were invented for Carriages, and Foot-bridges 2. for Foot-men.

If a River have a Foord, 3. it is waded over. 4. Flotes, 5. also are made of Tim­ber pinned together; or Ferrie-boats, 6. of planks laid close together, for fear they should receive water.

Besides Scullers 7. are made, which are rowed with an Oar, 8. or a Pole, 9. or haled with a haleing-rope. 10.

LXXXVII.

87

Natatus.

[Page 179] Solent etiam tranare aquas, super scirpeum fascem, 1 porrò super inflatas boum Vesicas; 2. deinde, liberè jactatu manuum pedumque. 3.

Tandem didicerunt calcare aquam, 4. cingulotenus immersi, & vestes supra caput gestando.

Ʋrinator, 5. etiam natate potest sub aquâ, ut Piscis.

Swimming.

[Page 179] Men are wont also to swim over waters upon a bundle of flags, 1 & besides upon blown Beast-bladders; 2. and after, by throwing their Hands & Feet 3. abroad.

At last they learned to tread the water, 4. being plunged up to the girdle-stead, and carrying their Cloathes upon their Head.

A Diver, 5. can swim also under the water, like a Fish.

LXXXVIII.

88

Navis actuaria.

[Page 181] Navis instructa remis 1. est Ʋniremis 2. vel Biremis, &c. in quâ Remiges, 3. considentes per Transtra ad Scalmos, 4. aquam Remis pellendo, remigant. 5.

Proréta, 6. stans in Prorâ, & Gubernator 7. sedens in Puppi, tenensque Clavum, 8. gubernant Navigium.

A Galley.

[Page 181] A Ship furnished with Oars 1. is a Barge 2. or a Foyst, &c. in which the Rowers, 3. sitting on Seats 4. by the Oar-Rings, Row 5. by striking the water with the Oars.

The Ship-master 6. standing in the Fore-castell, and the Steers-man 7. sitting at the Stern and holding the Rudder, 8. stéer the Vessel.

LXXXIX.

89

Navis oneraria.

Navigium 1. impellitur, non remis, sed solâ vi ventorum.

In illo erigitur Ma­lus, 2. undique ad Oras Navis funibus 3. firmatus; cui annectuntur Antennae, 4. his, Vela, 5. quae ad Ventum [Page 183] expanduntur 6. & Versoriis 7. versantur.

Vela sunt, Artemon, 8. Dolon, 9. & Epidromus. 10. In Prorâ est Rostrum. 11.

In Puppi, Signum (vexillum) 12. ponitur.

In malo est Corbis 13. Navis Specula, & supra galoam Aplustre 14.

Ventorum Index.

Anchorâ, 15. navis sistitur.

Bolide, 16. profunditas exploratur.

Navigantes deambulant in Tabulato. 17.

Nautae cursitant per Foros. 18.

At (que) ita, etiam Maria trajiciuntur.

A Merchants-ship.

A Ship 1. is driven onward, not by Oars, but by the only force of the winds.

In it is a Mast 2. set up, fastened with Shrowds 3. on all sides to the main-chains, to which the Sail-yards 4. . are tyed, and the Sayls 5, to these; which are [Page 183] spred open 6. to the wind, and are hoysed by bowlings 7.

The Sayles are the main-Sayl, 8. the Trinket or fore-Sail, 9. the Misen-Sail, or Poop-Sail. 10.

The Beak 11. is in the fore-deck.

The Ancient 12. placed in the Stern.

On the Mast is the fore-top 13. the watch-tower of the Ship, & over the fore­top a Vane 14. lo shew which way the wind standeth.

The ship is stayed with an Anchor, 15.

The depth is fathomed with a Plumet. 16.

Passengers walk up and down the Decks, 17

The Sea-men run to and fro through the Hatches. 18.

And thus, even Seas are passed over.

XC.

90

Naufragium.

[Page 185] Cum Procella 1. repentè oritur, contrahunt Vela, 2. ne Navis ad Scopulos 3. allidatur, aut in Brevia (Syrtes) 4. incidat.

Si non possunt prohibere, patiuntur Naufragium. 5.

Tum miserabiliter pereunt, Homines, Merces, omnia;

Ne (que) hîc quidquam Sacrâ anc hora, 6. Rudenti jacta.

Quidam evadunt, vel tabulâ 7. ac enatando, vel Scaphâ. 8.

Pars Mercium cum mortuis à Mari 9. in littora defertur.

Ship-wrack.

[Page 185] When a Storm 1. ariseth on a suddain, they strike Sayl, 2. lest the Ship should be dashed against Rocks 3 or light upon shelves 4.

If they cannot hin­der her, they suffer shipwrack. 5.

And then the Men, the wares, & all things are miserably lost.

Nor doth the sheat-anchor, 6. being cast with a Cable, do any good.

Some escape, either on a Plank 7. and by swimming, or in the Boat. 8.

Part of the wares with the dead Folks is carried out of the Sea 9. upon the shoars.

XCI.

91

Ars Scriptoria.

Veteres scribebant in tabellis ceratis aeneo Stilo, 1. cujus parte cuspidatâ 2. exarabantur literae, planâ 3. verò rursum obliterabantur.

Deinde literas pingebant subtili Calamo. 4.

Nos utimur anferinâ Pennâ, 5. [Page 187] cujus Caulem 6. temperamus Scalpello, 7. tum intingimus Crenam in Atramentario, 8. quod obstruitur Operculo, 9. & Pennas recondimus in Calamario. 10.

Scripturam ficcamus, chartâ bibulâ, vel arenâ scriptoriâ, ex Thecâ pulverariâ. 11.

Et nos quidem, scribimus, à sinistrà dextrorsum; 12. Hebraei à dexterâ sinistrorsum; 13. Chinenses & Indi alii, à summo deorsum. 14.

Writing.

The Ancients writ in Tables done over with Wax with a brasen poitrel, 1 with the shap end 2. whereof Letters were engraven, and rubbed out again with the broad end 3.

Afterwards they writ Letters with a small Reed. 4.

We use a Goose-quill, 5. [Page 187] the Stem 6. of which we make with a Pen-knife; 7. then we dip the neb in an Ink-horn, 8. which is stopped with a Stopple, 9. and we put up our Pens into a Pennar. 10.

We dry a writing with Blotting-paper, or Calis-sand, out of a Sand-box. 11.

And we indéed, write from the left-hand, towards the right; 12. the Hebrews from the right-hand towards the left; 13. the Chinois, and other Indians, from the top down­wards. 14.

XCII.

92

Papyrus.

[Page 189] Veteres utebantur Tabulis faginis, 1. aut Foliis 2. ut & Libris 3. Arborum, praesertim arbusculae Aegyptiae, cui nomen erat Papyrus.

Nunc, est in usu Charta, quem Chartopaeus, in molâ papyraceâ, 4. conficit è linteis vetu­stis, 5. in pulmentum contusis, 6. quod, Normulis haustum, 7. diducit in plagulas, 8. aërique exponit, ut siccentur.

Harum XXV. faciunt Scapum, 9. XX. Scapi Volumen minus, 10. horum X. Volumen majus. 11.

Diu duraturum, scribitur in Membranâ. 12.

Paper.

[Page 189] The ancients used Beech-Bords, 1. or Leaves 2. as alss Barks 3. of Trees, especially of an Egyptian shrub, which was called Papyrus.

Now Paper is in use, which the Paper-maker maketh in a Paper-mill, 4. of Linnen-rags, 5. stamped to Mash, 6. which being taken up in Frames, 7. he spreadeth into Sheets, 8. and setteth them in the air that they may be dried.

Twenty five of these make a quire, 9. twenty quires a Ream, 10. and ten of these a Bale of Paper. 11.

That which is to last long is written in Parchment. 12.

XCIII.

93

Typographia.

Typographus habet aeneos Typos, magno numero, distributos per Loculamenta. 5.

Typotheta 1. eximit illos singulatim, & componit (secundùm Exemplar, quod Retinaculo 2. sibi praefixum habet) verba [Page 191] Gnomone, 3. do nec fiat Versus; hos indit Formae, 4. do nec fiat Pagina; 6. has iterum tabula compositoriae, 7. eosque coarctat Marginibu ferreis, 8. ope Cochlearum, 9. ne dilabantur; ac subjicit Prelo. 10.

Tum Impressor, ope Pilarum, 11. illinit Atramento impressorio; superimponit, inditas Operculo 12. Chartas, quas, in Tigello 13. subditas Trochleae, 14. & Suculâ 15. impressas, facit typos imbibere.

Printing.

The Printer hath Copper Letters in a great number put into Boxes. 5.

The Compositor 1. taketh them out one by one, and (according to the Copy, which he hath fastened before him in a Visorum 2.) composeth words [Page 191] in a composing-stick, 3. till a Line be made, he putteth these in a Gally, 4. till a Page 6. be made, and these again in a Form, 7. and he locketh them up in Iron Chases, 8. with coyns, 9. lest they should drop out, and putteth them under the Press, 10.

Then the Presse-man beateth it over with Printers-Ink by means of Balls, 11. spreadeth upon it the Papers, put in the Frisket, 12. which being put under the Spindle, 14. on the Coffin, 13. and pressed down with the Bar 15. he maketh to take Impression.

XCIV.

94

Bibliopolium.

[Page 193] Bibliopóla 1. vendit Libros in Bibliopolio, 2. quorum conscribit Catalogum. 3

Libri disponuntur per Repòsitoria, 4. & ad usum, super Pluteum 5. exponuntur.

Multitudo Librorum, vocatur Bibliotheca 6.

The Book-sellars Shop.

[Page 193] The Book-seller 1. selleth Books in a Booksellers-shop, 2 of which he writeth a Catalogue. 3.

The Books are placed on Shelves, 4. and are laid open for use upon a Desk 5.

A multitude of Books is called a Library. 6.

XCV.

95

Bibliopegus.

[Page 195] Olim agglutinabant Chartam chartae, convolvebantque eas in unum Volumen. 1.

Hodiè compingit Libros Compactor, dum Chartas aquá glutinosâ maceratas, terget; 2. deinde complicat, 3. malleat 4. tum consuit, 5. comprimit Prelo, 6. (quod habet duas Cochleas 7.) dorso conglutinat, rotundo Cultro 8. demarginat, tandem Membranâ vel Corio 9. vestit, efformat, & affigit Ʋncinulos. 10.

The Book-binder.

[Page 195] In times past they glued Paper to Paper, and rolled them up together into one Rowl. 1.

At this day the Book-binder bindeth Books, whilst he wipeth 2. over Papers stéept in Gum-water; and then foldeth them together, 3. beateth with a hammer, 4. up, 5. then stitcheth them presseth them in a Presse, 6. which hath two Scrues 7 glueth them on the back, cutteth off the edges with a round Knife, 8. and at last covereth them with Parchment or Leather, 9. maketh them hand­some, and setteth on Clasps. 10.

XCVI.

96

Liber.

[Page 197] Liber, quoad formam exteriorem, est vel in Folio, 1. vel in Quarto, 2. in Octavo, 3. in Duodecimo, 4. vel Columnatus, 5. vel Linguatus, 6. cum Clausuris aeneis, 7. vel Ligulis, 8. & Bullis angularibus. 9.

Intùs sunt Folia 10. duabus Paginis, aliquando Columnis divisa, 11. cumque notis marginalibus. 12

A Book.

[Page 197] A Book, as to its outward shape is either in Folio, 1. or in Quarto, 2. in Octavo, 3. in Duodecimo 4. either made to open Side-wise, 5. or Long-wise, 6. with Brazen Clasps, 7. or Strings, 8. and Square-bosses. 9.

Within are Leaves 10. with two Pages, sometimes divided with Columns 11. & Marginal Notes. 12.

XCVII.

97

Schola.

[Page 199] Schola 1. est officina, in quâ novelli animi ad virtutem formantur, & distinguitur in Classes.

Praeceptor, 2. sedet in Cathedrá; 3. Discipuli, 4. in Subsellies; 5. ille docet, hi discunt.

Quaedam praescribuntur illis cretâ in tabellâ. 6.

Quidam sedent ad mensam, & scribunt: 7. ipse corrigit 8. Mendas.

Quidam stant, & recitant memoriae mandata. 9.

Quidam confabu­lantur, 10. ac gerunt se petulantes & negligentes: hi castigantur Ferulâ (baculo) 11. & Virgâ. 12.

A School.

[Page 199] A School 1. is a shop, in which Yong wits are fashion'd to vertue, and it is distinguished into Forms.

The Master, 2. sitteth in a Chair; 3. the Scholars, 4. in Forms; 5. he teacheth, they learn.

Some things are writ down before them with Chalk on a Table. 6.

Some sit at a Table, and write: 7. he mendeth 8. their Faults.

Some stand and rehearse things com­mitted to memory. 9.

Some talk together, 10. & behave themselves wantonly, and carelesly; these are chastised with a Ferula 11. and a Rod. 12.

XCVIII.

98

Muséum.

Muséum 1. est locus, ubi Studiosus, 2. secretus ab hominibus, solus sedet, Studiis deditus, dum lectitat Libros, 3. quos penes se super Pluteum 4. exponit, & ex iliis in Manuale 5. suum optima quae (que) excerpit, [Page 201] aut in illis Liturâ, 6. vel ad marginem Asterisco, 7. notat.

Lucubraturus, elevat Lychnum (candelam) 8. in Candelabro, 9. qui emungitur Emunctorio; 10. ante Lychnum collocat Ʋmbraculum, 11. quod viride est, ne hebetet oculorum aciem: opulentiores utuntur Cereo, nam Candela sebacea foetet & fumigat.

Epistola 12. complicatur, inscribitur, 13. & obsignatur. 14.

Noctu prodiens, utitur Laternâ 15. vel Face.

The Study.

The Study 1. is a place where a Student, 2. a part from men, sitteth alone, addicted to his Studies, whilst he readeth Books, 3. which being within his reach, he layeth open upon a Desk 4. and picketh all the best things out of them into his own Manual, 5. [Page 201] or marketh them in them with a dash, 6. or a little star, 7. in the Margent.

Being to sit up late, he setteth a Candle, 8. on a Candle-stick, 9. which is snuffed with Snuffers; 10. before the Candle he placeth a Screen, 11. which is gréen, that it may not hurt his eye­sight; richer persons use a Taper, for a Tallow-Candle sticketh, and smoaketh.

A Letter 12. is wrapped up, writ upon, 13. and sealed. 14.

Going abroad by night, he maketh use of a Lantorn 15. or a Torch. 16.

XCIX.

99

Artes sermonis.

Grammatica, 1. versatur circa Literas, 2. ex quibus componit Voces (verba 3. eas (que) docet rectè eloqui, scribere, 4. construere, distinguere [interpun­gere]

Rhetorica 5. pingit 6. quasi [Page 203] rudem formam 7. Sermonis Oratoriis Pigmentis, 8. ut sunt Figurae, Elegantiae, Adagia (Proverbia) Apophthegmata, Sententiae (Gnomae) Similia Hieroglyphica, &c.

Poesis 9. colligit hos Flores Orationis 10. & colligat quasi in Corollam, 11. atque ita, faciens é prosâ ligatam Orationem, componit varia Carmina, & Hymnos (Odas) ac proptereà coronatur Lauru. 12:

Musica 13. componit Notis Melodias, 14. quibus Verba aptat, atque ita cantat sola vel Concentu (Symphoniâ) aut voce, aut instrumentis Musicis. 15

Arts belonging to the Speech.

Grammar, 1. is conversant about Letters, 2. of which it maketh words 3. & teacheth how to utter write, 4. put together, and part them rightly.

Rhetorick, 5. doth as it were paint 6. [Page 203] a rude Form 7. of Speech with Oratory Flourishes, 8. such as are, Figures, Elegancies, Adagies, Apophthegms, Sentences, Similies Hieroglyphicks, &c.

Poetry 9. gethereth the Flours of Speech 10. and tyeth them as it were into a little Garland, 11. and so making of Prose a Poem, it maketh several sorts of Verses, and Odes, and is therefore crow̄ned with a Laurell. 12.

Musique 13. setteth Tunes, 14. with Pricks, to which it sitteth words, and so singeth alone, or in Consort, or by voyce, or Musical Inurument. 15.

C.

100

Instrumenta Musica.

Musica Instrumenta sunt, quae edunt Vocem: Primò, cùm pulsantur, ut Cymbalum 1. Pistillo, Tintinnabulum 2. intus globulo ferteo; Crepitaculum, 3. circumversando; Crembalum, 4. ori admotum, digito; Tympanum 5. & Ahenum, 6. Claviculâ, 7. [Page 205] ut & Sambuca, 8. cum Organo pastoritio; 9. & Sistrum (Crotalum.) 10.

Secundò, in quibus Chordae intenduntur & plectuntur, ut Nablium, 11. cum Clavicordio, 12. utrâque manu; Dexrerâ tantùm, Testudo (Chelys) 23. (in quâ Jugum, 14. Magadium, 15. & Verticilli, 16. quibus Nervi 17. intenduntur super Ponticulum 18.) & Cythara; 19. Pandura, 20. Plectto; 21. & Lyra, 23. intûs rotâ quae versatur: Iu singulis, Dimensiones 22. sinistrâ tanguntur

Tandem quae inflantur, ut, Ore, Fistula (Tibia) 24. Gingras, 25. Tibiae utricularis, 26. Lituus, 27. Tuba, 28. Buccina; 29. vel Follibus ut, Organum pneumati­cum. 30

Musical Instruments.

Musical Instruments are those which make a sound: First, when they are beaten upon, as a Cymball 1. with a Pestill, a little Bell 2. with an Iron Pellet within; a Rattle, 3. by tossing it about; a Jewes-trump. 4. being put to the mouth, with the finger; a Drum 5. and a Kettle, 6. with a Drum-stick, 7. [Page 205] as also the Dulcimer, 8. with the shepheards-harp; 9 and the Tymbrell. 10.

Secondly, upon which strings are stretched, and struck upon, as the Psalteri, 11. and the Virginals, 12. with both hands; the Lute 13. in which is the Neck, 14 the Belly, 15. the Pegs, 16. by which the Strings, 17. are stretched upon the Bridge, 18. the Cittern; 19. with the right hand only, the Viall, 20. with a Bow; 21. and the Harp, 23. with a wheel within, which is turned about; the Stops, 22. in every one are touched with the left-hand.

At last, those which are blown, as, with the mouth, the Flute 24. the Shawm, 25. the Bag-pipe, 26. the Cornet, 27. the Trumpet; 28: 29. or with bellowes, as, a pair of Organs: 30.

CI.

101

Philosophia.

[Page 207] Physicus, 1. speculatur omnia Dei Opera in Mundo.

Metaphysicus, 2. perscrutatur rerum Causas and Effecta.

Arithmeticus, computat numeros addendo, subtrahendo, multiplicando, dividendo; idque vel Cipris 3. in Palimpsesto, vel Calculis 4. super Abaeum:

Rustici numerant 5. Decussibus X. & Quincuncibus V. per Duodenas, Quindenas, & Sexagenas.

Philosophy.

[Page 207] The Naturalist, 1. vieweth all the works of God in the World.

The Supernaturalist, 2 searcheth out the Causes, & Effects of things.

The Arithmetician, reckoneth numbers, by adding, substracting, multiplying, and dividing; and that either by Cyphers 3. on a slate, or by Counters 4. upon a Deck:

Countrey-people reckon 5. with Figures of tens X. and Figures of five V. by twelves, Fifteens, and threescores

CII.

102

Geometria.

[Page 209] Geometra. metitur altitudinem Turris, 1....2. aut distantiam Locorum, 3....4. sive Quadrante, 5. five Radio. 6.

Figuras rerum designat Lineis, 7. Angulis, 8. & Circulis, 9. ad Regulam, 10. Normam 11. & Circinum. 12.

Ex his oriuntur Cylindrus, 13. Trigonus, 14. Tetragonus, 15. & aliae figurae.

Geometrie.

[Page 209] A Geometrician measureth the heighth of a Tower, 1...2. or the distance of places, 3....4. either with a Quadrate, 5. or a Jacobs-staff. 6.

He marketh out the Figures of things, with Lines, 7. Angles, 8. and Circles, 9. by a Rule, 10. a Squire, 11. and a pair of Compas­ses. 12.

Out of these a rise an Oval, 13. a Triangle, 14. a quadrangle 15. and other Figures.

CIII.

103

Sphaera caelestis.

Astronomia considerat Astrorum motûs, Astrologia eorum effectûs.

Coeli globus volvitur super Axem 1. circa globum Terrae, 2. spacio XXIV. horarum.

Axem utrin (que) finiunt Stellae Polares sive Poli, Arcticus 3. & Antarcticus. 4.

Coelum undi (que) est stellatum: Stellarum fixarum numerantur plus mille; Siderum verò [Page 211] Septentrionalium, XXI. Meridionalium, XVI. Adde Signa XII. Zodiaci, 5. quodlibet graduum XXX. quorum nomina sunt, ♈ | Aries, ♉ Taurus, ♊ Gemini ♋ Cancer, ♌ Leo, ♍ Virgo, ♎ Libra, ♏ Scorpius, ♐ Sagittarius, ♑ Capricornus, ♒ Aquarius, ♓ Pisces.

Sub hoc, cursitant Stellae errantes VII. quas vocant Planetas, quorum via est, Circulus in medio Zodiaci, dictus, Ecliptica. 6.

Alii Circuli sunt, Horizon, 7. Meriáianus, 8. Aequator; 9, duo Coluri, alter Aequinoctiorum, 10. (Verni quando ☉ ingreditur ♈ Autumnalis quando ingreditur ♎) alter Solstitiorum, 11. (Aestivi quando ☉ ingreditur ♋, Hyberni quando ingreditur ♑;) duo Tropici, Tr. Cancri, 12. Tr. Capricorni; 13. & duo Polares. 14...15.

The celestial sphaere.

Astronomie considereth the motion of the Stars, Astrologie the effects of them.

The Globe of Heaven is turned about upon an Axle-tree 1. about the globe of the earth, 2. in the space of XXIV hours

The Polar stars, or Poles, the Arctick 3. and Antartick. 4. conclude the Axle-tree at both ends.

The Heaven is full of Stars every where. There are reckoned above a thousand fixed-stars; but of constellations [Page 211] towards the North, XXI. towards the South, XVI. Adde to these the XII. Signs of the Zodiaque, 5. every one of XXX. degrees, whose names are, ♈ Aries, ♉ Taurus, ♊ Gemini. ♋ Cancer, ♌ Leo, ♍ Virgo, ♎ Libra, ♏ Scorpius, ♐ Sagittarius, ♑ Capricor. ♒ Aquarius, ♓ Pisces.

Under this the seven wandering Stars, VII. which they call Planets, move, whose way is a circle in the middle of the Zodiack, called the Ecliptick. 6.

Other circles are the Horizon, 7. the Meridian, 8. the Aequator; 9. the two Colures, the one of the Aequinocts, 10 (of the Spring, when the ☉ entereth into ♈ Autumnal, when it entereth into ♎) the other of the Solstices, 11. (of the Summer, when the ☉ entereth into ♋ of the Winter when it entereth into [...]) the two Tropicks, the Tropick of Cancer, 12. the Tropick of Capricorn, 13 and the two Polar circles. 14...15.

CIV.

104

Planetarum Adspectus.

[Page 213] Luna ☽ percurrit Zodiacum singulis Mensibus.

Sol, ☉ Anno;

Mercurius ☿ & Venus, ♀ circa Solem, ille CXV, haec DLXXXV. Diebus.

Mars, ♂ Biennio; Iupiter, ♃ ferè duodecim; Saturnus, ♄ tringinta, annis.

Hinc variè inter se conveniunt & se mutuò adspiciunt:

Ut hîc, sunt ☉ & ☿ in Conjunctione, ☉ & ☽ in Oppositione, ☉ & ♄ in Trigono, ☉ & ♃ in Quadra turâ, ☉ & ♂ in Sextili.

The Aspects of the Planets.

[Page 213] The Moon ☽ runneth thorow the the Zodiaque every Moneth.

The Sun, ☉ in a year;

Mercury ☿ anv Venus, ♀ about the Sun, the one in a hundred and fiftéen, the other in 585. dayes.

Mars, ♂ in two years; Jupiter, ♃ in almost twelve; Saturn, ♄ in thirty years.

Hereupon they méet variously amongst themselves, and have mutual aspects one towards another.

As here the ☉ and ☿ are in Conjunction; ☉ and ☽ in Opposition, ☉ and ♄ in a Trine,

Aspect, ☉ and ♃ in a Quartile, ☉ and ♂ in a Sextile.

CV.

105

Phases Lunae.

[Page 215] Luna, lucet, non suâ propriâ, sed à Sole mutuatâ Luce.

Nam, altera ejus medietas semper illuminatur, altera manet caliginosa.

Hinc videmus, in conjunctione Solis, 1. obscuram, imò nullam; in Oppositioue, 5. totam & lucidam (& vocamus Plenilunium;) alias dimidiam, (& dicimus primam 3. & ultimam 7. Quadram)

Caeteroqui crescit 2...4. aut decrescit, 6...8. & vocatur Falcata vel gibbosa.

The Apparitions of the Moon.

[Page 215] The Moon, shineth not by her own Light, but that which is borrowed of the Sun.

For the one half of it is always enlight­ned, the other remaineth darkish.

Hereupon we see it in Conjunction with the Sun, 1. to be obscure, almost none at all; in Opposition, 5. whole and clear, (and we call it the Full-Moon;) sometimes in the half, (and we call it the ptime 3. and last quarter; 7.

Otherwise it waxeth 2....4. or waneth 6....8. and is said to be horned or more than half round.

CVI.

106

Eclipses.

[Page 217] Sol, est fons Lucis, illuminans omnia: sed non penetrantur Radiis ejus Corpora opaca, Terra 1. & Luna; 2. nam jaciunt umbram, in locum oppositum.

Ideò, cum Luna incidit in umbram Terrae, 2. obscuratur: quod vocamus Eclipsin [deliquium] Lunae.

Cùm verò Luna currit inter Solem & Terram, 3. obtegit illum umbrâ suâ: & hoc vocamus Eclipsin Solis, quia nobis adimit prospectum Solis & lucem ejus; nec tamen Sol aliquid patitur, sed Terra.

The Eclipses.

[Page 217] The Sun is y e fountain of light, inlightning all things; but the Earth 1. and the Moon 2. being shady Bodies, are not pierced with its Rayes, for they cast a shadow upon the place just over against them.

Therefore, when y e Moon lighteth into the shadow of the Earth it is darkned 2. which we call an Eclipse, or defect.

But when the Moon runneth betwixt the Sun and the Earth 3. it covereth it with its shadow: and this we call the Eclipse of the Sun, because it taketh from us the sight of the sun, and its light; neither doth the Sun for all that fuffer any thing, but the Earth.

CVII. a.

107. a

Sphaera terrestris.

Terra est rotunda, fingenda igitur duobus Hemisphaeriu. a...b

Ambitus ejus, est graduum CCCLX. (quorum quisque facit Milliaria Germanica XV) seu Milliarum VMCCCC: & tamen est Punctum, collata cum Orbe, cujus Centrum est.

Longitudinem ejus dimetiuntur Climatibus, 1. Latitudinem, lineis Parallelis. 2.

Eam ambit Occanus, 3. & perfundunt V Maria, Mediterraneum, 4. Balticum, 5. Erythraeum, 6. Persicum, 7. Caspium. 8.

The terrestrial Sphere.

The earth is round, & therefore to be represented by two Hemispheres, a...b

The circuit of it is three hundred & sixty de­grees (whereof every one maketh fifteen German miles) or 5400 miles; and yet it is but a prick, being compared w t y e world, whereof it is the Centre.

They measure the longi­tude of it by Climates, and the Latitude by Parallels. 2.

The Ocean 3. compasseth it about, and five Seas wash it, the Mediterrane Sea, 4. the Baltick Sea, 5. the Red Sea, 6. the Persian Sea, 7. and the Caspian Sea, 8.

CVII. b.

107. b

Sphaera terrestris.

Distribuitur in Zonas V. quarum duae Frigidae, 9..9. sunt inhabitabiles; duae Temperatae, 10...10. & Torrida, 11. habitantur.

Ceterum divisa est in tres Continentes: Nostram, 12. quae subdividitur in Europam, 13. Asiam, 14 & Africam, 15 in Americam, 16...16 cujus incolae nobis sunt Antipodes; & in Terram Australem, 17..17 adhuc incognitam.

Habitantes sub Arcto, 18. semestrales habent Noctes Diesque.

In maribus, Infinitae natant Insulae.

The terrestrial Sphere.

It is divided into 5 Zones, wherof the 2 frigid ones 9. 9 are inhabitable, the 2 Temperate ones, 10...10 & y e Torrid one, 11. habitable.

Besides it is divided into three Continents; this of ours, 12. w t is subdi­vided into Europe, 13 Asia, 14. Africa, 15. America, 16...16. (whose inhabitants are Antipodes to us) and the South. land 17...17 yet unknown.

They that dwel under the North-pole, 18. have y e days and nights 6 months long.

Infinite Islands float in the Seas.

CVIII.

108

Europa.

[Page 221] In Europâ nostrâ, sunt Regna primaria,

Hispania, 1.

Gallia, 2.

Italia, 3.

Anglia (Britannia) 4.

Scotia, 5.

Hibernia, 6.

Germania, 7.

Bohemia, 8.

Hungaria, 9.

Croatia, 10.

Dacia, 11.

Sclavonia, 12.

Graecia, 13.

Thracia, 14.

Podolia, 15.

Tartaria, 16.

Lituania, 17.

Polonia, 18.

Belgium, 19.

Dania, 20.

Norvegia, 21.

Suecia, 22.

Lappia, 23.

Finnia, 24.

Livonia, 25.

Borussia, 26.

Moscovia, 27.

Russia, 28.

Europe.

[Page 221] The chief Kingdoms in our Europe, are

Spain, 1.

France, 2.

Italy, 3.

England, 4.

Scotland, 5.

Ireland, 6.

Germany, 7.

Bohemia, 8.

Hungary, 9.

Croatia, 10.

Dacia, 11.

Sclavonia, 12.

Greece, 13.

Thrace, 14.

Podolia, 15.

Tartary, 16.

Lituania, 17.

Poland, 18.

The Netherlands, 19.

Denmark, 20.

Norway, 21.

Swethland, 22.

Lapland, 23.

Finland, 24.

Lifland, 25.

Prussia, 26.

Moscovy, 27.

and Russia, 28.

CIX.

109

Ethica.

Vita haec, est via, sive Bivium, simile Literae Pythagoricae Y; sinistro tramite latum 1. dextro angustum: 2. ille Vitii 3. est, hic Virtutis 4.

Adverte, juvenis, 5. Herculem imitare. Sinistram linque, Vitium aversare: [Page 221] speciosus Aditus, sed turpis & praeceps Exitus, 7.

Dexterâ ingredere, utut spinosâ: 8. nulla via invia Virtuti; Sequere, quò ducit Virtus, per angusta ad augusta, ad arcem Honoris, 9.

Medium tene & rectum tramitem; tutissimus ibis.

Cave excedas ad dextram. 10. Affectûs, equum ferocem, 11. compesce freno, 12. ne praeceps fias.

Cave deficias ad Sinistram, 13. segnitie asininâ: 14. sed progredere constanter, pertende ad finem, & coronaberis. 15.

Moral Philosophy.

This Life is a way, or a place divided into two ways, like Pythagoras 's letter Y; broad 1. on the left-hand track, narrow 2. on the right; that belongs to Vice 3. this to Vertue, 4.

Minde, Yong man, 5. imitate Hercules. leave y e left-hand way, turn from Vice. [Page 221] the Entrance is fair, but the End, 7. is ugly & stéep down.

Go on the right hand, though it be thorny: 8. no way is unpassable to Vertue; follow whither Vertue lead­eth, through narrow places to stately places, to the tower of honor, 9

Kéep the middle and straight path and thou shalt go very safe.

Take héed thou do not go too much on the right hand: 10. Bridle in, 12. the wilde horse, 11. of Affection, lest thou fall down headlong.

Sée thou dost not go amiss on the left-hand, 13. in an Ass-like sluggishness, 14. but go onwards constantly, persevere to the end, and thou shalt be [...], 15.

CX.

110

Prudentia.

Prudentia, 1. omnia circumspectat, ut Serpens, 2. nihil (que) agit, loquitur, & cogitat in cassum.

Respicit, 3. tanquam in Speculum, 4. ad Praeterita; & prospicit, 5. tanquam Telescopio, 7. Futura seu Finem: 6. at (que) ita perspicit, [Page 225] quid egerit, & quid agendum re­stet.

Actionibus suis praefigit Scopum, Honestum, Ʋtilem, simúl (que) si fieri potest, Iucundum.

Fine prospecto, dispicit Media, ceu Viam, 8. quae ducit ad Finem; sed certa & facilia, pauciora potiùs quàm plura: ne quid impediat.

Occasioni 9. (quae, Fronte capillata, 10 sed Vertice calva, 11 adhaec alata, 12 facilè elabitur) attendit, eamque captat.

In viâ pergit cautè (providè) ne impingat aut aberret.

Prudence.

Prudence, 1. looketh upon all things as a Serpent, 2. and doeth, speaketh, or thinketh nothing in vain.

She looks backward, 3 as into a lookingglass, 4 to things past; and seeth before her, 5. as with a Perspective­glass, 7. things to come, or the end; 6. and so she perceiveth [Page 225] what she hath done, and what remaineth to be done.

She proposeth an Honest, Profitable, and withal, if it may be done, a pleasant End to her actions.

Having foreseen the End, she looketh out Means, as a Way, 8. w t leadeth to the end; but such as are certain and easie, and fewer rather than more, lest any thing should hinder.

She watcheth Opporr­tunity, 9. (which having a bushy forehead, 10. & being bald-pated, 11. and moreover having wings, 12. doth quickly slip away) and catcheth it.

She goeth on her way warily, for fear she should stumble or go amiss,

CXI.

111

Sedulitas.

Sedulitas 1. amat labores, fugit Ignaviam, semper est in opere, ut Formica, 2. & comportat sibi, ut illa, omnium rerum Copi­am. 3.

Non dormit semper, aut ferias agit, [Page 227] ut Ignavus 4. & Cicada; 5. quos tandem premit Inopia. 6.

Incepta urget alacriter, ad finem usque; nihil procrastinat, nec cantat cantilenam Corvi, 7. qui ingeminat Cras, cras.

Post labores exant­latos, & lassata, quiescit: Sed, quiete recreata, ne adsuescat Otio, redit ad Negotia.

Diligens Discipulus, similis est Apibus, 8. qui ex variis Floribus, 9. Mel congerunt in Alveare 10. suum.

Diligence.

Diligence 1. loveth labours, avoideth Sloth, is always at work, like the Pismire, 2. and carrieth together, as she doth, for her self, store of all things. 3.

She doth not always sléep, or make holidays, [Page 227] as the Sluggard, 4. & the Grashopper 5. do; whom Want 6. at the last overtaketh.

She pursueth what things she hath under­taken cheerfully, even to the end; she putteth nothing off till the morrow, nor doth she sing the Crows song, 7. which saith over & o­ver Cras, cras.

After labours under­gone, and ended, being even wearied, she resteth her self; but deing refreshed with Rest, that she may not use her self to Idleness, she falleth again to her business.

A diligent Scholar is like Bees, 8. which carry honey from divers flowers 9. into their Hive. 10.

CXII.

112

Temperantia.

[Page 229] Temperantia 1. modum praescribit Cibo & Potui, 2. & continet Cupidinem ceu Freno, 3. & sic omnia moderatur, ne quid nimis fiat.

Heluones (ganeones) inebriantur, 4. titubant, 5. ructant (vomunt) 6. & rixantur. 7.

E Crapulâ oritur Lascivia; ex hâc, Vita libidinosa inter Fornicatores 8. & Scorta, 9. Osculaudo (basiando) palpando, amplexando, & tripudiando. 10.

Temperance.

[Page 229] Temperance 1. prescribeth a mean to meat and drink, 2. and restraineth the desire as with a Bridle, 3. and so moderateth all things, lest any thing too much be done.

Revellers are made drunk, 4. they stumble, 5. they spue, 6. and brabble. 7.

From drunkenness procéedeth lasciviousness; from this, a lewd life amongst Whorema­sters, 8. and Whores, 9. in kissing, touching, embracing, and dancing. 10.

CXIII.

113

Fortitudo.

[Page 231] Fortitude 1. impavida est in adversis, ut Leo, 2. & confidens; at non tumida in Secundis: innixa suo Columini, 3. Constantiae; & eadem in omnibus, parata ad utram (que) fortunam aequo animo ferendam.

Clypeo 4. Tolerantiae excipit ictûs Infortunii; & Gladio 5. Virtutis, propellit hostes Euthymiae, Affectûs.

Fortitude.

[Page 231] Fortitude 1. is undaunted in adversity, and bold as a Lion; 2. but not haughty in prosperity, leaning on her own Pillar 3. Constancy; and being the same in all things, ready to undergo both estates with an even minde.

She receiveth the strokes of misfortune with the Shield 4. of Sufferance; and kéepeth off the Passions, the enemies of quietness, with the Sword 5. of Valour.

CXIV.

114

Patientia.

[Page 233] Patientia 1. tolerat Calamitates 2. & Injurias, 3. humilitèr ut Agnus, 4. tanquam paternam Dei ferulam. 5.

Interim innititur Spei anchorae, 6. (ut Navis 7. mari fluctuans) Deo supplicat 8. illacrumando, & exspectat post Nubila 9. Phoebum; 10. ferens mala, sperans meliora.

Contra Impatiens 11. plorat, lamentatur, in seipsum debacchatur, 12. obmurmurat ut Canis, 13. & tamen nil proficit; tandem desperat, & fit Autochir: 14. Injurias vindicare cupit, furibundus.

Patience.

[Page 233] Patience 1. endureth Calamities 2. & Wrongs, 3. méekly like a Lamb, 4. as Gods Fatherly chastisement. 5.

In the mean while she leaneth upon the Anchor of Hope, 6. (as a Ship 7. tossed by waves in the Sea) she prayeth to God 8. wéeping, & exspecteth the Sun; 10 after cloudy-weather 9. suffering evils, and hoping better things.

On the contrary the impatient person 11 waileth, lamenteth, rageth against himself, 12. grumbieth like a Dog, 13. and yet doth no good; at y e lasi he despaireth, and becometh his own murtherer; 14. being full of rage he desireth to revenge wrongs,

CXV.

115

Humanitas.

Homines facti sunt ad mutua commoda; ergò sint humani.

Sis suavis, & amabilis, Vultu; 1. comis & urbanus, Gestu ac Moribus; 2. affabilis & verax, Ore; 3. [Page 235] candens & candidus Corde. 4.

Sic ama, sic amaberis; & fiet mutua Amicitia, 5. ceu Turturum, 6. concors, mansueta, & utrin (que) benevola.

Morosi homines, sunt odiosi, torvi, illepidi, contentiosi, iracundi, 7. crudeles 8. ac implacabiles, (magis lupi & leones, quàm homines,) & inter se discordes, hinc confligunt Duello. 9.

Invidia, 10. aliis malè cupiendo, seipsam conficit.

Humanity.

Men are made for one anothers good; therefore let them be kind.

Be thou swéet and lovely in thy countenance; 1. gentle & civil in thy behaviour, & manners; 2. affable & true-spoken with thy Mouth; 3. [Page 235] affectionate & candid [...] thy heart. 4.

[...] So love, [...]nd so shalt thou [...] loved; [...]s there will be a [...]tual friendship, 5. [...] that of [...]tle-doves, 6. [...]arty, gentle, [...]o wishing well a both parts.

Froward men, [...]e hateful, teasty, [...]pleasant, contenti­ous, [...]gry, 7. [...]el, 8. [...]nd implacable, (rather Wolves and Lyons, than Men) and such as fall out among themselves, hereupon they fight in a Duell. 9.

Envy, 10. [...]ishing ill to others, [...]neth away her self.

CXVI.

116

Iustitia.

Iustitia 1. pingitur, sedens in lapide quadrato: 2. nam debet esse immobilis; obvelatis oculis, 3. ad non respiciendum personas; claudens aurem sinistram, 4. reservandam alteri parti;

Dexterâ tenens Gladium, 5. & Fraenum, 6. [Page 237] ad puniendum & coërcendum Malos;

Praeterea Statéram, 7 cujus dextrae Lanci 8. Merita, Sinistrae, 9. Praemia imposita, sibi invicem exaequantur, atque ita Boni ad virtutem, ceu Calcaribus, 10. incitantur.

In Contractibus, 11. candidè agatur; Pactis & Promissis stetur; Depositum, Mutuum, reddantur; nemo expiletur, 12. aut laedatur; 13. suum cui (que) rribuatur; haec sunt Praecepta Justitiae.

Talia prohibentur, quinto & septimo Dei praecepto, & meritò Cruce ac Rotâ 14. puniuntur.

Justice.

Justice 1. is painted, sitting on a square Stone; 2. for she ought to be immovable; with hoodwinked eyes 3 that she may not respect persons; stopping the left ear, 4. to be reserved for the other party;

Holding in her right hand a sword, 5. and a Bridle, 6. [Page 237] punish and restrain [...] Men;

Besides [...]air of ballances, 7. the right scale 8. hereof deserts, 9. [...]d in the left [...]wards being put [...]e made [...]en one with another, [...]d so good Men [...]e incited to virtue, as were with Spurs, 10.

In Bargains, 11. [...]t men deal candidly; [...]t them stand to their Covenants & Promises; [...]et that which is given one to keep, and that which is lent 12. berestored; let no man be pillaged, or hurt; 13. let every one have his own; these are the precepts of Iustice.

Such things as these are for bidden in Gods 5. & 7. Commandement, and deservedly punished on y e Gallows and the Wheel. 14.

CXVII.

117

Liberalitas.

[Page 239] Liberalitas 1. modum servat circa Divitias, quas honestè quaerit, ut habeat quod largia­tur Egenis; 2.

Hos, vestit, 3. nutrit, 4. ditat, 5. Vultu hilari, 6. & Manu alatâ. 7.

Opes 8. sibi subjicit; non se illis, ut Avarus, 9 qui habet, ut habeat, & bonorum suorum non Possessor est sed Custos, &, insatiabilis, semper eorradit 10. Unguibus suis.

Sed & parcit & adservat, occludendo, 11. ut semper habeat:

At Prodigus, 12. malè disperdit benè parta, ac tandem eget.

Liberality.

[Page 239] Liberality, 1. kéepeth a mean about Riches, which she honestly séeketh, that she may have somewhat to bestow on them that want; 2.

She cloatheth, 3. nourisheth, 4. and enricheth, 5. these with a chearful countenance, 6. and a winged Hand. 7.

She submitteth her wealth 8. to her self, not her self to it, as the covetous man, 9. doth, who hath, that he may have, & is not the owner, but the keeper of his goods, & being unsa­tiable always scrapeth together 10. w t his nails.

Moreover he spareth, and kéepeth, Hoarding up 11. that he may alwayes have

But the Prodigal, 12. badly spendeth things well gotten, and at the last wanteth.

CXVIII.

118

Societas Conjugalis.

Matrimonium à Deo est institutum, in Paradiso, ad mutuum Adjutorium, & Propagationem generis humani.

Vir-Iuvenis (coelebs) conjugium initurus, instructus sit aut Opibus; aut Arte & Scientiâ, quae sit, de pane lucrando: ut possit sustentare Familiam.

[Page 241] Deinde eligit sibi Virginem hubilem, (aut Viduam) quam adamat: (habenda ubi tamen major ratio Virtutis & Honestatis, quàm Formae aut Dotis.

Posthaec, non clam despondet sibi cam, sed ambit, ut Procus, apud Patrem 1. & Matrem, 2. vel apud Tutores & Cognatos, per Pronubos. 3.

Eâ sibi desponsâ, fit Sponsus, 4. & ipsa, Sponsa; 5. fiunt (que) Sponsalia, & scribitur Instrumentum dotale. 6.

Tandem fiunt Nuptiae, ubi copulantur à Sacerdote, 7. datis ultrò eitro (que) Manibus 8. & Annulis nuptialibus; 9. tùm epulantur cum invitatis Testibus.

Abhinc dicuntur Maritus & Ʋxor; hâc mortuâ ille fit Vidaus.

The Society betwixt Man and Wife.

Marriage was appointed by God in Paradise, for mutual help, and the Propagation of man kind.

A yong-man (a single-man being to be married, should be furnished, either with wealth, or a Trade and Science, which may serve for getting a living; that he may be able to maintain a Family.

[Page 241] Then he chooseth himself a Maid that is marriageable, (or a Widdow) whom he loveth; where neverthelesse a greater regard is to be had of Vertue and Honesty, than of Beauty or Portion.

Afterwards, he doth not betroth her to himself closely, but intreateth for her as a woer, first to the Father 1. and then the Mother, 2. or the Guardians and Kinsfolks, by such as help to make the match. 3.

Whē she is esp [...]used to him he becometh y t bridegroom, 4 and she the Bride, 5. and y t contract is made, & an Instrument of the Dow­ry 6. is written.

At the last the wedding is made, where they are joyned together by the Priest, 7. giving their Hands 8. one to another, and wedding Rings; 9. then they feast with the witnesses that are invited.

After this they are called Husband and Wife; when she is dead he be­cometh a Widdower.

CXIX.

119

Arbor Consanguinitatis

Hominem 1 Consanguinitate attin­gunt, in Lineâ Ascendenti, Pater (Vitricus) 2. & Mater (Noverca) 3. Avus, 4. & Avia, 5. Proavus 6. & Proavia, 7. Abavus 8. & Abavia, 9 Atavus 10. [Page 243] & Atavia, 11. Tritavus 12. & Tritavia; 13. Ulteriores dicuntur Majores. 14...14.

In Lineâ Descendenti, Filius (Privignus) 15 & Filia (Privigna) 16. Nepos 17. & Neptis, 18. Pronepos 19. & Proncptis, 20. Abnepos 21. & Abneptis, 22. Atnepos 23. & Atneptis, 24. Trinepos 25. & Trineptis; 26. Ulteriores dicuntur Posteri. 27...27.

In Linea Collaterali sunt Patruns 28. & Amita, 29. Avunculus 30. & Matertera, 31. Fracer 32. & Soror, 33. Patruelis 34 Sobrinus, 35. & Amitinus. 36....36.

The tree of Consanguinity.

In Consanguinity there touch a man 1. in Lineal Ascent, the Father (the Father in Law) 2. and the Mother (the Mother in Law,) 3. the Grand-father, 4. & the Grand-Mother, 5. the great-grandfather 6 and the great-grand-mother, 7. the great-great-grand-father, 8. the great-great-grand-mother, 9. the great-great-grand-fathers Fa­er, 10. [Page 243] the great-great-grand-mothers Mother, 11. the great-great-grand-fathers-grand-father, 12 the great-great-grand-mothers-grandmoth. 13 Those beyond these are called ancestors. 14...14

In a Lineal descēt, the son (the son in law 15 ) and the daughter (the daughter in Law, 16.) the Nephew 17. and the Neece, 18. the Nephews Son 19. & the Nephews daughter 20 the Nephews Nephew 21. and the Neeces Neece, 22. the Nephews Nephews Son 23. the Neeces Neeces daughter, 24. the Nephews Nephews Nephew, 25. the Neeces Neeces Neece, 26. Those beyond these are called Posterity. 27. 27.

In a Collateral Line are the uncle by the fathers side 28 and the Aunt by the fathers side, 29. the Uncle by the Mothers side, 30. and the Aunt by the Mo­thers side, 31. the Brother 32 and the Sister, 33. the Brothers Son, 34. the Sisters Son, 35. & the co­sin by the brother & sister. 6

CXX.

120

Societas Parentalis.

[Page 245] Conjuges, suscipiunt (ex benedictione Dei) Sobolem (Prolem) & fiunt Parentes.

Pater 1. generat, & Mater 2. parit Filios 3. & Filias, 4. (aliquando Gemellos.)

Infans 5. involvitur Fasciis, 6. reponitur in Cunas. 7. à matre lactatur Ʋberibus, 8. & nutritur Pappis. 9.

Deinde, incedere discit Serperastro, 10. ludit Crepundiis, 11. & fari incipit.

Crescente aetate, Pietati 12. & Labori 13. adsuefit, & castigatur 14. si non sit morigerus.

Liberi debent Parentibus Cultum & Officium.

Pater, sustentat Liberos, laborando. 15.

The Society betwixt Parents and Children.

[Page 245] Married Persons, (by y e blessing of God) have issue, and become Parents.

The Father 1. beget­teth, and the Mother 2. beareth Sons 3. and Daughters, 4. (sometimes Twins.)

The Infant 5. is wrapped in Swadling-clothes, 6. is laid in a Cradle, 7. is suckled by the Mo­ther with her breasts, 8 and fed with Pap. 9.

Afterwards it learneth to go by a Standing-stool, 10. playeth with Rattles, 11 & beginneth to speak.

As it beginneth to grow older, it is accu­stomed to Piety 12. and Labour 13. and is chastised 14. if it be not dutifull.

Children owe to Pa­rents Reverence, and Service.

The Father main­taineth his Children by taking Pains▪ 15.

CXXI.

121

Societas herilis.

[Page 247] Herus (Pater familias) 1. habet Famulos (Servos) 2. Herae (Mater famili-Ancillas. 4. (as 3)

Illi mandant his Opera, 6. & distribuunt Laborum pensa; 5. quae ab his fideliter sunt exsequenda, sine Murmure & Dispendio; pro quo praebetur ipsis, Merces & Alimonia,

Servus olim erat Mancipium, in quem Vitae & necis Domino potestas fuit:

Hodiè Serviunt liberè pauperiores, mercede conducti.

The Society betwixt Masters and Servants.

[Page 247] The Master (the good­man of the House) 1. hath Men-Servants; 2. the Miflress (the good wife of the House) 3. Maidens. 4.

They appoint these their Work, 6. and divide them their Tasks; 5. which are faithfully to be done by them without Murmuring, and losse; for which their Wages, and Meat and Drink is allowed them.

A Servant was heretofore a Slave, over whom the Master had power of life and death.

At this day the poorer sort serve in a fréemanner, being hired for wages.

CXXII.

122

Ʋrbs.

Ex multis Domibus fit Pagus, 1. vel Opidum, vel Ʋrbs. 2.

Istud & haec muniuntur & cinguntur Moenibus (muro) 3. Vallo, 4. Aggeribus 5. & Vallis. 6.

Intrà muros, est Pomoerium; 7. [Page 249] extrà, Fossa. 8.

In moenibus, sunt Propugnacula 9 & Turres; 10. Specula 11. exstant in editioribus locis.

In Urbem ingressus fit, ex Suburbio, 12. per Portam, 13. super Pontem. 15.

Porta habet Cataractas, 15. Pontem versatilem, 16. Valvas, 17. Claustra, & Repagula, ut & Vectes. 18.

In Suburbiis sunt Horti, 19. & Suburbana, 20. ut & Coemeteria. 21.

A City.

Of many Houses is made a Village, 1. or a Town, or a City, 2.

That and this are fenced and begirt with a Wall 3. a Trench, 4. Bulwarks 5. and Palisadoes. 6.

Within the walls is the voyd Place; 7. [Page 249] without, the Ditch. 8.

In the walls are Fortresses, 9. and Towers; 10. Watch-towers, 11. are upon the higher places.

The entrance into a City is made out of the Suburbs, 12. through the Gate, 13. over the Bridge. 14.

The Gate hath a Percullis, 15. a Draw-bridge, 16. two-leaved Doors, 17. Locks, and Bolts, as also Barres, 18.

In the Suburbs are Gardens, 19. and Garden-houses, and also Burying-places. 21.

CXXIII.

123

Interiora Ʋrbis.

Intra Urbem sunt Plateae (Vici) 1. lapidibus stratae; Fora, 2. (alicubi cum Porticibus 3.) & Angiporti. 4.

Publica aedificia sunt in medio Urbis, Templum, 5. Schola, 6. Curia, 7. Domus Mercaturae; 8.

[Page 251] Circa Maenia, & Portas, Armamentarium, 9. Granarium, 10. Diversoria, Popinae, & Cauponae, 11. Theatrum, 12. Nosodochium; 13.

In recessibus, Foricae (Cloacae) 14. & Custodia (Carcer) 15

In Turre primariâ est Horologium, 16. & habitatio Vigilum. 17.

In Plateis sunt Putei. 18.

Fluvius, 19. vel Rivus, Urbem interfluens, inservit sordibus eluendis.

Arx 20. exstat in summo Urbis.

The inward parts of a City.

Within a City are Streets, 1. paved with stones; Market-places, 2. (in some places with Galleries) 3. and narrow Lanes, 4.

The publick buildings are in the middle of the City, the Church, 5 the School, 6. the Guild-hall, 7. the Exchange. 8.

[Page 251] About the Walls, and the Gates, are the Magazine, 9. the Granary, 10. Innes, Ale-houses, Cooks-shops, 11. the Play-house, 12. and the Spittle; 13.

In the by-places are houses of office, 14. and the Prison. 15.

In the chief Stéeple is the Clock, 16. and the Watchmens dwelling. 17.

In the Stréets are Wells. 18.

The River 19. or Beck running about y e City, serveth to wash away the filth.

The Tower 20. standeth in the highest part of the City.

CXXIV.

124

Judicium.

[Page 253] Optimum Ius est placida conventio, facta, vel ab ipsis, inter quos Lis est, vel ab Arbitro.

Haec si non procedit, venitur in Forum, 1. (olim judicabant in Foro, hodiè in Praetorio) cui praesidet Iudex [Prae­tor]2 cū Assessoribus; 3. Dicographus, 4. Vota calamo excipit.

Actor 5. accusat Reum, 6. & producit Testes 7. contra illum.

Reus excusat se per Advocatum; 8. cui contradicit Actoris Procurator. 9,

Tum Iudex Sententiam pronunciat, absolvens insontem, & damnans sontem ad Poenam, vel Mul­ctam, vel ad Supplicium.

Judgement.

[Page 253] The best Law is quiet agreement, made either by themselves, betwixt whom the sute is, or by an Umpire.

If this do not proceed they come into y e court, I (heretofore they judg'd in the Market-place, at this day in the Moot-hall in w t the Judge, 2. sitteth w t his Assessors, 3 the Clerk 4. taketh their votes in writing.

The Plaintiff 5. accuseth the Defendant, 6. & produceth witnesses 7. against him.

The Defen' excuseth himself by a counselor, 8 whom the Plaintiffs Counselor 9. cōtradicts

Then the Judge pronounceth Sentence, acquitting y e innocent, and condemning him that is guilty to a punishment, or a fine, or torment.

CXXV.

125

Supplicia Male­ficorum.

Malefici 1. per Lictores, 2. è Carcere 3. (ubi torqueri solent) producuntur, vel equo raptantur, 15. ad locum Supplicii.

Fures 4. in Patibulo 5 suspenduntur à Carnifice; 6.

Moechi decollantur;

[Page 255] Homicidae (Sicarii) ac Latroues (Piratae) vel crurifragio plexi Rotae imponuntur, 8. vel Palo infiguntur; 9.

Striges (Lamiae) super Rogum 10 cremantur.

Quidam antequam supplicio af­ficiantur, elinguantur, 11. aut super Cippum 12. Manu plectuntur, 13. aut Forcipibus 14. uruntur.

Vitâ donati, Numellis constringun­tur, 16. luxantur, 17. Equuleo imponun­tur, 18. Auribus truncantur, 19. Virgis caeduntur, 20. Stigmate notantur, relegantur, damnantur ad triremes, vel ad Carcerem per­petuum.

Perduelles quadrigis discerpuntur.

The tormenting of Malefactors.

Malefactors 1. are brought from the Prison, 3. (where they are wōt to be tortured) by Sergeants, 2. or dragd with a horse, 15 to place of Execution.

Theeves 4. are hanged by the Hangman, 6. on a Gallows; 5.

Whore-masters are beheaded; 7.

[Page 255] Murtherers and Robbers are either laid upon a Wheel, 8. having their legs bro­ken, or fastned upō a stake. 9

Witches are burnt in a great Fire. 10.

Some before they be executed have their tongues cut out, 11. or have their Hand 13. cut off upon a Block, 12 or are burnt with Pincers. 14.

They that have their life given them, are seton the Pillory, 16 are strapadoed, 17. are set upon a wooden-horse, 18. haue their ears cut off, 19. are whipped, 20. are branded, are banished, are condenned to the galleys, or to perpetual impri­sonmēt.

Traytors are pulled in pieces with 4 horses.

CXXVI.

126

Mercatura.

[Page 257] Merces aliunde allatae, in domo commerciorum 1 vel commutantur, vel venum exponuntur in Tabernis mercimonio­rum, 2. & venduntur pro pecuniâ (monetâ) 3. vel mensuratae Ʋlnâ, 4. vel ponderatae Librâ. 5.

Tabernarii, 6. Circumforanei, 7. & Scrutarii, 8. etiam volunt dici Mercatores. 9.

Venditor ostentat rem promercalem, & indicat pretium, quanti liceat.

Emptor 10. licitatur, & pretium offert.

Si quis contralicetur, 11. ei res addicitur, qui plurimum pollicetur.

Merchandizing.

[Page 257] Wares brought from other places, are either exchanged in an Exchange, 1. or exposed to sale in Warehouses, 2. and they are sold for Money, 3. being either measured with an Eln, 4. or weighed in a pair of Ballances. 5.

Shop-keepers, 6. Pedlars, 7. and Brokers, 8. would also be called Merchants. 9

The Seller braggeth of a thing that is to be sold, and setteth y e rate of it, and how much it may be sold for.

The Buyer 10. cheapneth, and offereth the price.

If any one bid against him, 11. the thing is delivered to him that promiseth the most.

CXXVII.

127

Mensurae & Pondera.

[Page 259] Res continuas, metimur Ʋlnâ, 1. liquidas, Congio, 2. aridas, Medimno. 3.

Gravitatem rerum experimur Ponderibus, 4 & Librâ (bilance) 5.

In hâc primò est Iugum (Scapus) 6. in cujus medio Axiculus, 7. superiùs Trutina & agina 8. in quâ Examen 9. sese agitat; utrin (que) sunt Lances, 10. pendentes Funiculis. 11.

Statéra 12. ponderatres, suspendendo illas Ʋnco, 13. & Pondus 14. ex opposito, quod in a aequiponderat rei, in b bis tantum, in c ter, &c.

Measures and Weights.

[Page 259] We measure things y t hang together with an liquid things (Eln, 1. with a Gallon, 2: & dry things by a two-bushel measure. 3.

We try the heavines of things by Weights 4 and Ballances. 5.

In this is first the Beam; 6. in the midst whereof is a little Axle-tree, 7. above, the cheeks, & the hole, 8. in which the Needle 9. moveth it self to & fro; on both sides are the Scales, 10. hanging by little Cords. 11.

The Brasiers ballance, 12 weigheth things, by hanging them on a Hook, 13. and the Weight 14. opposite to them, w t in a weigheth just as much as the thing, in b twice so much, in c thrice so much, &c.

CXXVIII.

128

Ars Medica.

[Page 261] Aegrotans, 1. accersit Medicum 2 qui tangit ipsius Arteriam, 3. & inspicit Ʋrinam, 4. tum praescribit Medicamentum in Schedulâ 5.

Istud paratur à Pharmacopaeo 6. in Pharmacopolio, 7. ubi Pharmaca in Capsulis, 8. Pyxidibus, 9. & Lagenis 10. adservantur.

Est (que) vel Potio, 11. vel Pulvis, 12. vel Pillulae, 13. vel Pastilli, 14. vel Electuarium. 15.

Diaeta & Oratio, 16. est optima Medicina.

Chirurgus 18. curat Vulnera 17. & Ʋlcera, Spleniis (emplastris. 19

Physick.

[Page 261] The Patient, 1. sendeth for a Physician 2. who féeleth his Pulse, 3. and looketh upon his Water, 4. and then prescribeth a Receipt in a Bill 5.

That is made ready by the Apothecary 6. in an Apothecaries shop, 7. where Drugs are kept in Drawers, 8. Boxes, 9. and Gally-pots 10.

And it is either a Potion, 11. or Powder, 12. or Pills, 13. or Trochisks, 14. or an Electuary. 15.

Diet and Prayer, 16. is the best Physick.

The Chirurgion 18. cureth Wounds 17. and Ulcers, with Plaisters. 19,

CXXIX.

129

Sepultura.

[Page 263] Defuncti olim cremabantur, & Cineres in Ʋrnâ 1. recondebantur.

Nos includimus nostros demortuos, Loculo (Capulo) 2. imponimus Feretro, 3. & efferri curamus Pompâ funebri versus Coemeterium, 4. ubi à Vespillonibus 5. inferuntur Sepulchro, 6. & humantur; hoc Cippo 7. tegitur, & Monumentis 8. ac Epitaphiis 9. ornatur.

Funere prodeunte, cantantur Hymni, & Campanae 10. pulsantur.

A Buriall.

[Page 263] Dead Folks (burned, heretofore were and their ashes put into an Urn 1.

We enclose our dead Folks, in a Coffin 2. lay them upō a Bier, 3. and sée they be carried out in a Funeral-pomp towards y e Church-yard, 4 where they are laid into the Grave, 6. by the Bearers 5. and are interred; this is covered with a Grave-stone 7. and is adorned with Tombs, 8. and Epitaphs 9.

As the Corps go along, Psalms are sung, and the Bells are rung. 10.

CXXX.

130

Ludas Scenicus.

[Page 265] In Theatro, 1. (quod vestitur Tapetibus, 2. & Sipariis 3. tegitur) aguntur Comoediae vel Tragoediae, quibus repraesentantur res memorabiles; ut hic, Historia de Filio prodigo, 4. & Patre 5. ipsius, à quo recipitur, domum redux.

Actores (histriones) agunt personati; Morio, 6. dat Jocos.

Spectatorum primarii, sedent in Orchestrâ; 7. Plebs stat in Caveâ, 8. & plaudit, si quid arridet.

A Stage-Play.

[Page 265] In a Play-house, 1. which is trimmed w t Hangings, 2. and covered with Curtains, 3. Comedies, & Tragedies are acted, wherein memorable things are represen­ted; as here, the History of the Prodigal Son, 4. and his Father, 5. by whom he is entertained, being returned home.

The Players act being in disguise; the Fool, 6. maketh Iests.

The chief of the Spectators sit in the Gallery, 7. the common sort stand on the ground, 8. and clap the hands if any thing please them.

CXXXI.

131

Praestigiae.

[Page 267] Praestigiator 1. facit varia Spectacula, volubilitate corpotis, deambulando manibus, saliendo per Circulum, 2. &c.

Interdum etiam tripudiat 4. larvatus.

Agyrta 3. Praestigias facit, è marsupio.

Funabulus, 5. graditur & saltat super funem, tenens manu Halterem; 6. aut suspendit se manu vel Pede, 7. &c.

Sleights.

[Page 267] The Tumbler 1. maketh several Showes, by the nimblenesse of his body, walking to and fro on his hands, leaping thorow a Hoop, 2. &c.

Sometimes also he danceth 4. having on a vizzard.

The Jugler 3. sheweth sleights, out of a Purse.

The rope-dancer, 5. goeth and danceth upon a Rope, holdeth a Poise, 6. in his Hand; or hangeth himself by the Hand or Foot, 7. &c.

CXXXII.

132

Palaestra.

[Page 269] Pugiles congrediuntur Duello, in Palaestrâ, decertantes vel Gladiis, 1. vel Hastilibus 2. & Bipennibus, 3. vel Semispathis, 4. vel Ensibus 5. mucronem obligatis, ne lethaliter laedant, vel Frameis & Pugione 6. simul.

Luctatores 7. (apud Romanos olim nudi & inuncti oleo) prehendunt se invicem, & annituntur, uter alterum prosternere possit, praeprimis supplantando. 8.

Andabatae 9. pugnabant Pugnis, ridiculo certamine, nimirum obvelatis oculis.

The Fencing-School.

[Page 269] Fencers méet in a Duel in a Fencing-place, fighting with swords, 1 or Pikes 2. and Halberds, 3. or Short-swords, 4. or Rapiers 5. having balls at the point (lest they wound one another mortally,) or with two Edged-swords and a Dagger 6. together.

Wrastlers 7. (among the Romans in times past were naked, & anoyn­ted with Oyl) take hold of one another, and strive whether can throw the other, especially by tripping up his Heels. 8.

Hood-winked fēcers 9 fought with their fists in a ridiculous strife, to wit, with their eyes covered.

CXXXIII.

133

Ludus Pilae.

[Page 271] In Sphaeristerio, 1. luditur Pilâ, 2. quam alter mittit, alter excipit, & remittit Reticulo; 3. id (que) est Lusus Nobilium ad cōmotionem corpo­ris.)

Follis (pila magna) 4. aëre distenta ope Epistomii, sub dio Pugno 5. reverberatur.

Tennis-Play.

[Page 271] In a Tennis-Court, 1. they play with a Ball, 2. which one throweth, and another taketh, & sendeth it back with a Racket; 3. and that is the sport of Noble-men to stir their body.

A winde-ball 4. being filled with air by a means of a Ventil, is tossed to and fro with the Fist 5. in the open air.

CXXXIV.

134

Ludus Aleae.

[Page 273] Tesseris (talis) 1. ludimus, vel Plistobolindam; vel immittimus illas per Fritillum 2. in Tabellam 3. numeris notatam, idque est Ludus Sortilegii Aleatorum.

Sorte & Arte luditur Calculis in alveo aleatorio, 4. & Chartis lusoriis. 5.

Abaculis ludimus in Abaco, 6. ubi sola ars regnat.

Ingeniosissimus ludus est, L. Latrunculorum, 7. quo veluti duo exercitus praelio confligunt.

Dice-Play.

[Page 273] We play with Dice 1. either they that throw the most take up all; or we throw them tho­row a casting-Box 2. upon a Board 3. marked with Figures; and this is Dice-players game at casting Lots.

Men play by Luck and Skill at Tables in a pair of Tables, 4. and at Cards. 5.

We play at Chesse on a Chesse-board, 6. where only art beareth the sway.

The most ingenious Game, is the game at Chess, 7 wherein as it were two Armies fight together in Battell.

CXXXV.

135

Cursûs Certamina.

[Page 275] Pueri exercent se cursu, sive super Glaciem 1. Diabatris, 2. ubi etiam vehuntur Trahis; 3. sive in campo designantes Lineam, 4. quam; qui vincere cupit, adtingere, at non ultrà procurrere, debet.

Olim decurrebant Cursores 5. inter Cancellos 6. ad Metam, 7. & qui primùm contingebat eam, accipiebat Brabéum (praeminm) 8. à Brabeutâ 9.

Hodie habentur Hastiludia, (ubi Lanceâ 10. petitur Circulus 11.) loco Equiriorum quae in desuetudinem abierunt.

Races.

[Page 275] Boyes exercise themselves in runing, either upon the Ice, 1. in Scrick-shooes, 2. where they are carried also upon Sleds; 3. or in the open field making a Line, 4. which, he that desireth to win, ought to touch, but not to run beyond it.

Heretofore Runners 5. ran betwixt Railes 6. to the Goal, 7. and he that touched it first; received the prize 8. from him that gave the prize. 9.

At this day Tilting, (or the quin­tain) is used, where a Hoop is struck at with Trunchion, 11. instead of Horse-races, which are grown out of use.

CXXXVI.

136

Ludi Pueriles.

[Page 277] Pueri ludere solent, vel globis fictilibus; 1. vel jactantes Globum 2. ad Conas; 3. vel Spaerulam. Clavâ 4. mittentes per Annulum; 5. vel Turbinem 6. Flagello 7. versantes; vel Sclopo, 8. & Arcu 9. jaculantes; vel Grallis 10. incedentes; vel super Petaurum 11. se agitantes & oscillantes.

Boyes-Sports.

[Page 277] Boyes use to play either with Bowling-stones; 1. or throwing a Bowl 2. at Nine-pins; 3. or striking a Ball thorow a Ring, 5. with a Bandy; 4. or scourging a Top 6. with a Whip; 7. or shooting with a Trunck, 8. and a Bow; 9. or going upon Stilts; 10. or tossing and swinging themselves upon a Merry-totter. 11.

CXXXVII.

137

Regnum & Regio.

[Page 279] Multae Ʋrbes & Pagi faciunt Regionem & Regnum.

Rex, aut Princeps, sedet in Metropoli; 1. Nobiles, Barones, & Comites, habitant in circumjacentibus Arcibus; 2. Rustici in Pagis. 3.

Juxta Flumina navigabilia 4. & Vias Regias, 5. habet sua Telonia, ubi à navigantibus & iter-facientibus, Portorium & Vectigal exigitur.

The Kingdom & the Region.

[Page 279] Many Cities and Villages make a Region and a Kingdom.

The King, or Prince, resideth in the chief-City; 1. the Noblemen, Lords, and Earls, dwell in the Castles 2. that lye round about it, the Countrey-people dwell in Villages. 3.

He hath his toll-places upō navigable Rivers 4 and High-Roads, 5. where Portage and Tollage is exacted of them that Sayl, or Travell.

CXXXVIII.

138

Regia Majestas.

Rex, 1. in splendore regio, sedet in suo Solio, 2. magnifico Habitu, 3. redimitus Diademate 4. tenens manu Sceptrum, 5. stipatus frequentiâ Aulicorum

Inter hos, primarii sunt, Cancellarius 6. cum Consiliariis [Page 281] & Secretariis, Praefectus Praetorii, 7. Aulae-Magister, 8. Pocillator (pincerna) 9. Dapifer, 10. Thesaurarius, 11. Archi-Cubicularius, 12. & Stabuli Magister. 13

His subordinantur Nobiles Aulici, 14. Nobile Famulitium, 15. cum Cubiculariis, & Cursoribus, 16. Stipatores, 17. cum Satellitio.

Legatis Exterorum 18 praebet aures solenniter.

Aliorsum ablegat Vicarios suos Administratores, Praefectos, Quaestores, & Legatos, quibus subinde mittit Mandata nova per Veredarios. 19.

Morio 20. ludicris actionibus risum movet.

Regall Majesty.

The King, 1. sitteth on his throne 2. in Kingly State, w t a stately Habit, 3. crowned w t Diademe 4. holding a Scepter, 5. in his Hand, being attended with a company of Courtiers.

The chief, amongst these, are the Chancellor 6. with the Counsellors [Page 281] and Secretaries, the Lord Marshal, 7. the Comptroller, 8. the Cup-bearer, 9. the Taster, 10. the Treasurer, 11. the high Chamberlain, 12 & y e Mast. of the horse. 13

There are subordi­nate to these, the Noble Courtiers, 14 the Noble Pages, 15. with the Chamberlains, and Lacquies, 16. the Guard, 17. with their Attendance.

He solemnly giveth audience to the Ambas­sadors of forein Prin­ces. 18.

He sendeth his Vice-gerents, Deputies, Governors, Treasurers, and Ambassadors to other places, to whom he sendeth new Commissions ever & anon by the Posts. 19.

The Fool causeth laughter by his toysom actions.

CXXXIX.

139

Miles.

Si bellandum est, scribuntur Milites. 1. Horum Arma sunt, Galca (Cassis) 2. (quae ornatur Cristâ) Armatura, cujus partes, Torquis ferreus, 3. Thorax, 4. Brachialia, 5. Ocreae ferreae, 6. Manicae, 7. cum Loricâ 8. & Scuto (Clypeo) 9. [Page 283] haec sunt Arma defen­siva.

Offensiva sunt, Gladius, 10. Framea, 11. & Acindces, 12. qui Vaginâ, 13. reconduntur, & Cingulo, 14. vel Baltheo, 15. accin­guntur; (Fascia militaris 16. inservit ornatui) Romphaea 17. & Pugio. 18.

In his est Manubrium, 19. cum Pomo, 20. & Verutum, 21. Cuspidatum, 22. in medio Dorsum, 23. & Acics. 24.

Reliqua arma sunt, Hasta, 25. Bipennis, 26. in quibus Hastile 27. & Mucro, 28. Clava, 29. & Caestus. 30.

Eminûs pugnatur Bombardis (Sclopetis) 31. & Sclopis, 32. quae onerantur Globis 33. è Thecâ bombarduriâ, 34. & puivere nitrato è Pyxide pulve [...]arid. 35.

The Souldier.

If we be to make war, Souldiers are listed. 1. Their Arms are, A Head-piece, 2. (which is adorned with a Crest) and the Armour, whose parts are, a Collar, 3. a Brest-plate, 4. Arm-pieces, 5. Leg-pieces, 6. Greaves, 7. with a Coat of Mail, 8. and a Buckler, 9. [Page 283] these are the defensive Arms.

The offensive are, A Sword, 10. a two-edged Sword, 11. a Falchion, 12. which are put up into a Scabberd, 13. and are girded with a Girdle, 14. or Belt; 15. (a Scarf, 16. serveth for ornament) a two-hand-Sword, 17. and a Dagger, 18.

In these is the Haft, 19. with the Pummel, 20. and the Blade, 21. having a Point, 22. in the middle are the Back, 23. & the Edge, 24.

The other weapons are a Pike, 25. a Halbert, 26. in which is the Haft, 27. & the Head, 28. a Club, 29. and a Whirlebat. 30.

They fight at a distance with Muskers, 31. and Pistols, 32. w c are charged w t bullets, 33. out of a bullet-bag, 34. and with Gun-powder out of a Bandalier. 35.

CXL.

141

Castra.

[Page 285] Expeditione susce­ptà, Castra 1. locantur, & Tentoria paxillis figuntur, è Linteis 2. vel Stramentis; 3. eaque circumdant, securitatis gratiâ, Aggeribus 4. & Fossis; 5. constituuntur etiam Excubiae, 6. & omittuntur Exploratores. 7.

Pabulationis & praedae causâ, fiunt Excursiones, 8. ubi saepius cum Hostibus 9. velitando confligitur.

Tentorium summi Imperatoris, 10. est in medio Castrorum.

The Camps.

[Page 285] When a Design is undertaken, the Camp 1. is pitched, and the Tents (of Canvas 2. or Straw 3. are fastned with stakes; & they entrench them about, for securities sake, with Bulwarks, 4. and Ditches; 5. Sentinels 6. are also set, and Scouts 7. are sent out.

Sallyings-out 8. are made for forrage and plunder-sake, where they often cope with the Enemy 9 in skirmishing.

The Lord Generals Pavilion is in the midst of the Camp.

CXLI.

140

Acies & Praelium.

Quando pugna committenda est, instruitur Acies, & dividitur in Frontem, 1. Tergum, 2. & Alas (Cornua.) 3.

Peditatus 4. intermiscetur Equitatui. 5.

Ille distinguitur, in Centurias, hic, in Turmas. [Page 287] illae. in medio ferunt, Vexilla; 6. hae, Labara. 7.

Eorum Praefecti sunt, Decuriones, Signiferi, Vicarii, Centuriones, 8. Magistri Equitum, 9. Tribuni, Chiliarchae, & omnium summus Imperator.

Tympanistae 10. & Tympanotribae 11. ut & Tubicines 12. ad arma vocant & militem inflammant.

Primo conflictu, exploduntur Bombardo 13. & Tormenta. 14.

Posteà cominùs pugnatur 15. Hastis & Gladiis.

Victi, trucidantur, 16. vel capiuntur, vel aufugiunt. 17.

Succenturiati, 18. superveniunt ex insidiis.

Impedimenta 19.

The Army, and the Fight.

When the Battell is to be fought, the Army is set in order, and divided into the Front, 1. the Rere, 2. and the Wings. 3.

The Foot 4. are intermixed with the Horse 5.

That is divided into Companies, this into Troops. [Page 287] These carry Banners; 6. these Flags 7. in the midst of them.

Their Officers are, Coporals, Ensignes, Lieutenants, Captains, 8. Commanders of the horse, 9 Lieutenant Coronels, Coronels, & he that is the chief of all, the Generes.

The Drummers 10. and the Drumslades 11. as also the Trumperers 12. call to Arms, and inflame the Souldier.

At the first onset the Muskets, 13. and Ordinance 14. are shot off.

Afterwards they fight 15. hand to hand with Pikes and Swords.

They that are overcome are slain, 16. or taken prisoners, or run away. 17.

They thar are for the reserve, 18. come upon them out of their places where they lay in wait.

The Carriages are 19.

CXLII.

142

Pugna Navalis.

[Page 289] Navale praelium terribile est, qúum ingentes Naves, veluti Arces, concurrunt Rostris, 1. aut Tormentis 2. se invicem quassant, at (que) ita perforatae, perniciem suam imbibunt & submerguntur; 3

Aut, quum igne corripiuntur, & vel ex incendio pulveris tormentarii, 4. homines in aërem ejiciuntur, vel in mediis aquis exuruntur, vel etiam in mare desilientes suffocantur.

Navis fugitiva 5. ab insequentibus 6. intercipitur & capitur.

The Sea-Fight.

[Page 289] A Sea-fight is terrible, when huge Ships, like Castels, run one upon another with their Beaks, 1. or shatter one another with their Ordnance 2 and so being bored thorow, they drink in their own destruction, and are Sunck; 3.

Or, when they are s [...] on fire, and either by the firing of Gun-Powder, 4. men are blown up into the air, or are burnt in the midst of the waters, or else leaping into the Sea are drowned.

A Ship that flyeth away 5, is over taken by those that pursue her, 6. and is taken,

CXLIII.

143

Obsidium Ʋrbis.

Urbs obsidionem passura, primùm provocatur per Tubicinem, 1. & invitatur ad Deditionem.

Quod facere si abnuat, oppugnatur ab obsidentibus, & occupatur:

Vel muros per Scalas 2. transcendendo, [Page 291] aut Arietibus 3. diruendo, aut Tormentis 4. demoliendo; vel Portas Exostrâ 5. dirumpendo; vel Globos tormentarios 6. è Mortariis (balistis) 7. per Balistarios, 8. (qui post Gerras 9. latitant) in Urbem ejaculando; vel eam per Fossores 10. Cuniculis subvertendo.

Obsessi defendunt se de muris, 11. ignibus, lapidibus, &c. aut erumpunt. 12.

Ʋrbs vi expugnata, diripitur, exciditur, interdum solo aequatur.

The Besieging of a City.

A City that is like to endure a Siege, is first Summoned by a Trumpeter, 1. and parswaded to Yield.

Which if it refuse to do, it is assaulted by the Besiegers, and taken by Storm:

Either by climbing over the Walls with Scaling-ladders, 2. [Page 291] or breaking them down w t Battering-engines, 3. or demolishing them with great-Guns; 4. or breaking tho­row the Gates with a Petarr; 5. or casting Granadoes 6. out of Morter-pieces 7. into the City, by Engineres, 8. who lye behinde Leagure-Baskets; 9. or over throwing it with Mines by Pyoneres 10.

They that are Besieged defend themselves from the Walls, 11. with Fire, and Stones, &c. or break out by force.

A City that is taken by Storm, is plundered, destroyed, and sometimes laid even with the ground.

CXLIV.

144

Religio.

Pietas, 1. Virtutum Regina, haustâ Notitiâ Dei, vel ex Libro Naturae, 2. (nam opus commendat artificem) vel ex Libro Scripturae, 3. colit Deum 4. humiliter; recolit Mandata ejus comprehensa [Page 293] Decalogo; 5. & Rationem, Canem oblatrantem, 6. conculcans, Fidem 7. & adsensum praebet Verbo Dei, eum (que) invocat, 8. ut Opitulatorem, in adversis.

Officia divina fiunt in Templo: 9. in quo est, Penetrale (Adytum) 10. cum Altari, 11. Sacrarium, 12. Suggestus, 13. Subsellia, 14. Ambones, 15. & Baptisterium. 16.

Deum esse, sentiunt omnes homi­nes; sed non omnes rectè norunt Deum.

Hinc diversae Religiones quarum primariae IV. adhuc numerantur.

Religion.

Godliness, 1. the Quéen of Uertues, worshippeth God 4. devoutly, the knowledge of God being drawn, either from the Book of Nature, 2. (for the Work commendeth the work-Master,) or from the Book of Scripture; 3. she meditateth upon his Commandements conteined [Page 293] in the Decalogue; 5, and treading reason under Foot, that Barking Dog, 6. she giveth Faith 7. and Assent to the Word of God, and calleth upon him, 8 as a helper, in adversity.

Divine Services are done in the Church: 9, in which are, the Quire, 10. with the Altar, 11. the Vestry, 12. the Pulpit, 13. Seats, 14. Galleries, 15. and a Font. 16.

All Men perceive that there is a God, but all men do not rightly know God.

Hence are divers Religions, whereof IV. are recko­ned yet as the chief.

CXLV.

145

Gentilismus.

Gentiles finxerunt sibi prope XIIM. Numina.

Eorum praecipua erant, Iupiter, 1. Coeli; Neptunus, 2. Maris; Pluto, 3. Inferni; Mars, 4. Belli; Apollo, 5. Artium; Mercurius, 6. Furum, Mercatorum, & Eloquentiae; Vulcanus (Mulciber) Ignis & Fabrorum; Aeolus, Ventorum Praesides & Deastri: [Page 295] & obscaenissimus Priapus.

Habuerunt etiam Muliebria Numina: qualia fuerunt Venus, 7. Dea amorum & Volu­ptatum, cúm filio [...]o Cupidine; 8 Minerva (Pallas) cum novem Musis, Artium; Iuno, Divitiarum & Nu­ptiarum; Vesta, Castitatis; Ceres, Frumentorum; Diana, Venationum, & Fortuna; quin & Morbona, ac Febris ipsa.

Aegyptii, pro Deo colebant omne genus Animalium & Planta­rum, & quicquid manè primùm cōspicabantur.

Philistaei offerebant Molocho (Saturno) 9. Infantes vivos cremandos.

Indi 10. etiamnum venerantur Cacodaemona. 11.

Gentilism.

The Gentiles feigned to themselves neer upon XIIM. Deities.

The chief of thē were Jupiter, 1. President & petty-God of Heaven; Neptune, 2. of the Sea; Pluto, 3. of Hell; Mars, 4. of War; Apollo, 5. of Arts; Mercury, 6. of théeves; Merchants, and eloquence; Vulcan (Mulciber) of Fire, and Smiths; Aeolus, of Winds; [Page 295] and the most obscene of all the rest Priapus.

They had also Womanly Deities: such as were Venus, 7. the Goddess of loves & pleasures, with her little son Cu­pid; 8 Minerva (Pallas) with the nine Muses, of Arts; Juno, of Riches, and weddings; Vesta, of Chastity; Ceres, of Corn; Diana, of Hunting, and Fortune; and besides these Morbona, and Febris her self.

The Egyptians, instead of God worshipped all sorts of Beasts and Plants, & whatsoever they saw first in the Morning.

The Philistines offered to Moloch, 9. their Children to be burnt alive.

The Indians 10. even at this day wor­ship the Devil. 11.

CXLVI.

146

Iudaismas.

Verus tamen Cultus veri Dei, remansit apud Patriarchas, qui vixerunt ante & post Diluvium.

Inter hos, Abrahamo, 1. Iudaeorum Conditori, Patri Credentium, promissus est, Semen illud Mulieris, Mundi Messias; & ipse, avocatus à Gentilibus, cum Posteris, [Page 297] Sacramento Circumcisi­onis 2. notatus singularem Populum & Ecclesiam Dei con­stituit.

Huic populo postea DEUS, per Mosen, 3. in monte Sinai, 4. Legem suam, scriptam digito suo in Tabulis lapideis, 5. exhibuit.

Porrò ordinavit manducationē Agni Pa­schalis; 6 & Sacrificia in Altari 7. offerenda per Sacerdotes, 8. & Suffitûs; 9. & jussit fieri Tabernaculum 10. cum Arcâ Foederis; 11 praetereà erigi aeneum Serpentem 12. contra morsum Serpentum in deserto.

Quae omnia Typi erant venturi Messiae, quem Iudai adhuc exspectant.

Judaism.

Yet the true Worship of the true God, remained with the Patriarchs, who lived before, & after y e Flood.

Amongst these, that séed of the woman, the Messias of y e world, was promised to Abra­ham, 1. the Founder of the Jewes, the Father of them that believe; and he (being called away from the Gentiles) with his Posterity, [Page 297] being marked with the Sacrament of Circumsi­on, 2. made a peculiar People, and Church of God.

AfterwardsGod gave his Law written with his own finger in Tables of Stone, 5. to this people by Moses, 3. in Mount Sinai. 4.

Furthermore he or­dained the eating of y e Paschal Lamb; 6. and Sacrifices to be offered upon an Altar 7 by Priests, 8. and Incense; 9. and Commanded a Tabernacle 10. with y e Ark of the Covenant 11 to be made; & besides, a brazen Serpent 12. to be set up against the biting of Serpents in the wilderness.

An which things were Types of the Messias to come, whom the Jewes yet look for.

CXLVII.

147

Christianismus.

Unigenitus aeternus Dei Filius, 3. promissus Protoplastis in Paradiso, tandem, impleto tempore, con­ceptus per Sa. Spiritum in utero sanctissimo Mariae 1. Virginis de domo regiâ Davidis, & indutus humanâ carne, Bethlehemi Iudaeae, in summa paupertate Stabuli, 2. [Page 299] Anno Mundi 3970. in mundum prodiit, sed mundus ab omni peccato, ei (que) impositum fuit nomen Iesu, quod significat Salva­torem.

Hic, cum imbueretur sacro Baptismo, 4. (Sacramento Novi Foederis) à Iohanne praecursore in Iordane, apparuit sacratissimum suo, 5. Mysterium divinae Trinitatis, Patris voce 6. (quâ testabatur, hunc esse Filium suum) & Spiritu Sancto in specie Columbae, 7. caelitus delabente.

Ab eo tempore, XXX. aetatis suae anno, Verbis & Operibus, prae se ferentibus Divinitatem, declaravit quis esset, in annum us (que) quartum: à Iudaeis [Page 300] nec agnitus nec exceptus ob voluntariā paupertatē

Ab his (quum priùs instituisset Coenam mysticam 8. Corporis & Sanguinis sui, in Sigillum novi Foederis. & sui recordationem) captus tandem, ad tribunal Pilati Praefecti Caesarei raptus, accusatus, & damnatus est, agnus innocentissimus; actus (que) in Crucem, 9. in arâ istâ, pro peccatis mundi immolatus, mortem subiit.

Sed tertiâ die, quum revixisset divinâ suâ virtute, resurrexit è Sepulcro, 10. & post dies XL, de Monte Oliveti 11. sublatus in Coelum 12. [Page 301] & eò rediens unde venerat, quasi evanuit, aspectantibus Apostolis, 13. quibus decimâ die post Adscensum suum, Spiritum Sanctum 14. de Coelo, ipsos verò, hâc Virtute impletos, de se praedicaturos, in Mundum, misit; olim rediturus ad judieium extremum, intereà sedens ad dextram Patris, & intercedens pro nobis.

Ab hoc Christo dicimur Christiani, in (que) eo solo salvamur.

Christianity.

The only-begotten eternal Son of God, 3. being promised to our first Parents in Paradise, at the last being conceived by the Holy Ghost, in the most Holy womb of the Virgin Mary 1. of the Royal House of David, and clad with human flesh, came into the world at Bethlehem of Judaea, in y t extreme poverty of a Stable, 2. [Page 299] in y e fulness of time, in the year of the world, [...]970. but pure from all [...]in, & y e name of Jesus, was given him, which signifieth a Saviour,

when he was sprinkled with holy Baptism, 4. (the Sacrament of the New Covenant) by John his fore-ruuner, 5 in Jordan, y e most sacred Mystery of the divine Trinity appeared by the Fathers voice 6. (wher-by he testified that this was his Son) and the Holy Ghost in the shape of a Dove, 7. coming down from heaven.

From that time being the 30. year of his age, unto the fourth year, he declared who he was, his words and works manifesting his Divi­nity; being neither owned, nor entertain­ed by the Jewes, [Page 300] because of his voluntary poverty.

He was at last taken by these (when he had first instituted the Mystical Supper 8. of his body and blood, for a Seal of the New Covenant, and the remembrance of himself) carried to the Judgement-Seat of Pilate Governour of Caesarea, accused, and condemned, as an innocent Lamb; and being fastened upon a Cross, 9 he dyed, being sacri­ficed upon that Altar [...] for the sins of the world.

But when he had revived by his divine power, he arose again the third day out of the Grave, 10 and forty dayes after, being taken up from Mount Olivet 11. into Heaven 12. [Page 301] and returning thither whence he came, he vanished as it were, whilst the Apostles gazed upon him, 13. to whom he sent his Holy Spirit 14. from Heaven, the tenth day after his Ascension, and them being filled with this power, into the world, to preach of him; being henceforth to come again to the last Judgement, sitting in the mean time at the right hand of the Father, and interceding for us.

From this Christ we are called Christians, and are saved in him alone.

CXLVIII.

148

Mahometismus.

Mahomed 1. homo bellator, excogitabar sibi novam Religionem, mixtam ex Iudaismo, Christianismo, & Gentilismo, consilio Iudaei 2. & Monachi Ariani, 3. nomine Sergii; fingens, [Page 303] dum laboraret Epilepsiâ, secum colloqui Archangelum Gabrie­iem, & Spiritum Sanctum, adsuefaciens Columbam, 4. ut ex aure suà escam peteret.

Asseclae ejus abstinent se à Vino; circumciduntur; sunt Polygami; exstruunt Sacella, 5. de quorum Turriculis, non à Campanis sed à Sacerdote 6. ad sacra convocantur; saepius se abluunt; 7. negant S S. Trinitatem; Christum honorant, non ut Dei Filium, sed ut magnum Prophetam, minorem tamen Mahomete; Legem suam vocant Alcoran.

Mahometism.

Mahomet 1. a warlike Man, invented to himself a new Religion, mixed of, Judaism, Christianity, and Gentilism, by the advice of a Jew 2. and an Arian Monk, 3. named Sergius; feigning, [Page 303] whilst he had the fit of the falling sickness, that the Archangel Gabriel and the Holy Ghost talked with him, using a Pigeon, 4. to fetch meat out of his ear.

His Followers refrain themselves from Wine; are circumcised; have many wives; build Chapels, 5. from the Steeples whereof they are called to holy Service, not by Bells, but by a Priest 6. they wash themselves often; 7. they deny the Holy Trinity; they honour Christ, not as the Son of God, but as a great Prophet, yet lesse than Mahomet; they call their Law the Alcoran.

CXLIX.

149

Providentia Dei.

Humana Sortes, non tribuendae sunt Fortunae, aut Casui, aut Siderum Influxui, (Cometae 1. quidem solent nihil boni portendere) sed provido Dei Oculo 2. & ejusdem Manui rectrici; 3. [Page 305] etiam nostrae Prudentiae vel Imprudentiae, vel etiam Noxae.

Deus habet Ministros suos & Angelos, 4. qui Homini, 5. à nativitate ejus, se associant, ut Custodes, contra Malignos Spiritûs, seu Diabolum, 6. qui minutatim ei insidias struit, ad tentandum vel vexandum.

Vae dementibus Magis & Lamiis, qui Cacodaemoni se dedunt, (inclusi Circulo, 7. eum advocantes incantamentis) cum eo colludunt, & à Deo deficiunt! nam cum illo mercedem accipient.

Gods Providence:

Mens States, are to be attributed to Portune, or Chance, or the influence of the Stars (Comets 1. indéed are wont to portend no good) but to the provident Eye of God 2. and to his Governing Hand; 3. [Page 305] even our sights, or oversights, or even our Faults.

God hath his Ministers and Angels, 4. who accompany a Man 5. from his Birth, as Guardians, against wicked Spirits or the Devil, 6. who every minute layeth wait for him, to tempt and vex him.

Woe be to the mad wizzards and witches, who give themselves to the Devil (being enclosed in a Circle, 7. calling upon him with Charms) they dally with him, and fall from God! for they shall receive their reward w t him.

CL.

150

Judicium Extremum.

[Page 307] Nam adveniet Dies novissima, quae Voce Tubae 1. Mortuos 2. resuscitabit, & cum illis Vivos citabit ad Tribunal Iesu Christi, 3. (apparentis in Nubibus) ad reddendam ratio­nem omnium actorum.

Ubi pii (justi) & Electi 4. in Vitam aeternam, in locum Beatitudinis & novam Hierosolymam introibunt: 5.

Impii verò & Damnati 6. cum Cacodaemonibus 7. in Gehennam 8. detrudentur, ibi aeternùm cruciandi.

The last Judgement.

[Page 307] For the last Day shall come, which shall raise up the Dead 2. with the sound of a Trumpet 1. and summon the quick with them to the Judgement-seat of Christ Jesus, 3. (appearing in the Clouds) to give an account of all things done.

When the Godly and Elect 4. shall enter into life eternal into the place of Bliss and the new Hierusalem; 5.

But the wicked and the damned 6. shall be thrust into Hell 8. with the Devils 7. to be there tormented for ever.

Clausula.

[Page 309] Ita vidisti summatim Res omnes, quae ostendi poterunt, & didicisti Voces primarias Anglicae & Latinae Linguae.

Perge nunc, & lege diligenter alios bonos Libros, ut fias Doctus, Sapiens, & Pius.

Memento horum; Deum time, & invoca eum, ut largitur tibi Spiritum Sapientiae. Vale!

The Close.

[Page 309] Thus thou hast séen in short all things that can be shewed, and hast learned the chief words of the English & Latine Tongue.

Go on now, and read other good Books diligently, and thou shalt become learned, wise, & Godly.

Remember these things; fear God, and call upon him, that he may bestow upon thée the Spirit of Wisdom. Farewell.

INDEX TITƲLORƲM

A.
CXLI. ACies & Praelium. 286
V. Aër. 14
XLV. Agricultura. 94
XXXII. Amphibia. 68
XLII. Anima Hominis 88
XVIII. Animalia & primùm Aves. 40
VI. Aqua. 16
XII. Arbor. 28
CXIX. Arbor Consanguinitatis 242
CXXVIII. Ars Medica. 260
XCI. Ars Scriptoria. 186
XCIX. Artes Sermonis. 202
LI. Aucupium. 106
XXIII. Aves Aquaticae. 50
XXI. Aves Campestres & Sylvestres. 46
XIX. Aves Domesticae. 42
XXII. Aves Rapaces. 48
B.
LXXIV. Balneum, 152
XCV. Bibliopegus. 194
XCIV. Bibliopolium. 192
C.
XL. Canales & Ossa. 84
XXXVIII. Caput & Manûs. 80
XXXIX. Caro & Viscera. 82
CXL. Castra. 284
CXLVII. Christianismus. 298
III. Coelum. 10
LVII. Convivium. 118
[Page]LIV. Coquinaria. 112
CXXXV. Cursûs Certamina. 274
D.
XLIII. Deformes & Monstrosi. 90
I. Deus. 6
LXVI. Domus. 136
E.
CVI. Eclipses. 216
LXXXIII. Eques. 170
LXXVI. Equile. 156
CIX. Ethica. 222
CVIII. Europa. 220
F.
LXVIII. Faber Ferrarius. 140
LXIII. Faber lignarius. 130
LXIV. Faber Murarius. 132
XXIX. Ferae Bestiae. 62
XXVIII. Ferae Pecudes. 60
LXX. Figulus. 144
XIV. Flores. 32
CXIII. Fortitudo. 230
XIII. Fructûs Arborum. 30
XVI. Fruges. 36
XVII. Frutices. 38
G.
CXLV. Gentilismus. 294
CII. Geometria. 208
H.
XXXV. Homo. 74
LXXVII. Horologia. 158
XLIV. Hortorum Cultura. 92
[Page]CXV. Humanitas. 234
LXXII. Hypocaustum, cum Dormitorio. 148
I.
IV. Ignis. 12
XXXI. Insecta repentia. 66
XXIV. Insecta volantia. 52
C. Instrumenta Musica. 204
CXXIII. Interiora Urbis. 250
  Invitatio. 2
CXLVI. Judaismus. 296
CXXIV. Judicium. 252
CL. Judicium Extremum. 306
XXVII. Jumenta. 58
CXVI. Justitia. 23 [...]
L.
XI. Lapides. 26
LIII. Lanionia. 110
XCVI. Liber. 196
CXVII. Liberalitas. 238
LX. Lintea. 124
CXXXIV. Ludus Aleae. 272
CXXXVI. Ludi pueriles. 276
CXXXIII. Ludus Pilae. 270
CXXX. Ludus Scenicus. 264
M.
LXV. Machinae. 134
CXLIII. Mahometismus. 302
XXXIV. Marini Pisces & Conchae. 72
XLVII. Mellificium 98
XXXVII. Membra Hominis Externa. 78
CXXVII. Mensurae & Pondera. 258
[Page]CXXVI. Mercatura. 256
LXVII. Metallifodina. 138
X. Metalla. 24
CXXXIX. Miles. 282
XLVIII. Molitura. 100
II. Mundus. 8
XCVIII. Muséum. 200
N.
LXXXVII. Natatus. 178
XC. Naufragium. 184
LXXXVIII. Navis actuaria. 180
LXXXIX. Navis oneraria. 182
VII. Nubes. 18
O.
CXLIII. Obsidium Urbis. 290
XV. Olera. 34
XX. Oscines. 44
P.
CXXXII. Palaestra. 268
XLIX. Panificium. 102
XCII. Papyrus. 188
LXXI. Partes Domûs. 146
CXIV. Patientia. 232
XXVI. Pécora. 56
XLVI. Pecuaria. 96
CV. Phases Lunae. 214
CI. Philosophia. 206
LXXVIII. Pictura. 160
L. Piscatio. 104
XXXIII. Pisces Fluviatiles. 70
CIV. Planetarum Aspectûs. 212
[Page] CXXXI. Praestigiae. 266
CXLIX. Providentia Dei. 304
CX. Prudentia. 224
CXLII. Pugna Navalis. 288
LXXIII. Putei. 150
Q.
XXV. Quadrupedia & primùm Domestica. 54
R.
CXXXVIII Regia Majestas. 280
CXXXVII. Regnum & Regio. 278
CXLIV. Religio. 292
LXXXI. Restio & Lorarius. 166
S.
LXI. Sartor. 126
XCVII, Schola. 198
LXIX. Scriniarius & Tornator. 142
CXI. Sedulitas. 226
XLI. Sensûs externi & interni. 86
XXXVI. Septem Aetates Hominis. 76
CXXIX. Sepultura. 262
XXX. Serpentes & Reptilia. 64
CXVIII. Societas Conjugalis. 240
CXXI. Societas Herilis. 246
CXX. Societas Parentalis. 244
LXXIX. Specularia. 162
CIII. Sphaera coelestis. 210
CVII. Sphaera terrestris. 218. 219
CXXV. Supplicia Maleficorum. 254
LXII. Sutor. 128
T.
CXII. Temperantia. 228
[Page] [...]III. Terra. 20
LX. Terrae-Foetûs. 22
LIX. Textura. 122
LXXV. Tonstrina. 154
LVIII. Tractatio Lini. 120
LXXXVI. Transitus Aquarum. 176
XCIII. Typographia. 190
V.
LXXXV. Vectura. 174
LXXXIV. Vehicula. 172
LII. Venatus. 108
LXXXII. Viator. 168
LXXX. Vietor. 164
LV. Vindemia. 114
CXXII. Urbs. 248
Z.
LVI. Zythopoeia. 116

An INDEX of the TITLES.

Chapter.   Page
A. A.
XXXVII. THe seven Ages of Man. 76
VI. The Air. 14
XXXIII. Amphibious Creatures. 68
CV. The Apparitions of the Moon. 214
CXLI. The Army, and the Fight. 286
XCIX. Arts belonging to the Spéech. 202
CIV. The Aspects of the Planets. 212
B. B.
LXXIV. The Bath. 152
LXXV. The Barber's shop. 154
XXVIII. Labouring-Beasts. 58
XXX. Wilde-Beasts. 62
[Page]CXLIII. The besieging of a City. 29 [...]
XIX. Birds. 4 [...]
XXII. Birds, that live in the fields, & woods. 4 [...]
XXII. Ravenous-Birds. 4 [...]
XXI. Singing-Birds. 4 [...]
XLI. The Chanels and Bones. 8 [...]
XCVI. A Book. 19 [...]
XCV. The Book-binder. 19 [...]
XCIV. The Book-seller's-shop. 19 [...]
LXIX. The Box-maker. 14 [...]
CXXXVI. Boyes-sports. 27 [...]
L. Bread-baking. 10 [...]
LVII. Brewing. 11 [...]
CXXIX. A Burial. 26 [...]
LIV. Butchery. 11 [...]
C. C.
CIII. The Celestial Sphere. 21 [...]
CXL. The Camp. 28 [...]
CXXXIV. Carriages. 17 [...]
CXXXV. Carrying to and fro. 17 [...]
LXIII. The Carpenter. 13 [...]
XXVII. Herd-Cattel. 5 [...]
XXIX. Wilde-Cattel. 6 [...]
XLI. The Chanels and Bones. 84 [...]
CXLVII. Christianity. 298
CXXIII. A City, 248
CXLIII. The besieging of a City. 29 [...]
CXXIII. The inward parts of a City. 250
  The Close, 308
VII. The Clouds. 18 [...]
CXIX. The Trée of Consanguinity. 242
LV. Cookery. 112
[Page]XXX. The Cooper. 164
XXXI. The Cord wainer. 166
[...]VII. Corn 36
[...]XXII. Crawling-Vermine. 66
[...]XXIII. Creatures that live as well by water, as by land. 68
[...]XXI. Créeping things. 64
D. D.
LIV. Deformed and monstrous people. 90
XXVII. Dials. 158
XXXIV. Dice-play. 292
XI. Diligence. 226
LV. The dressing of Gardens 92
E. E.
X. The Earth. 20
VI. The Ecelipses. 216
[...]XV. Engines. 134
[...]VIII. Europe. 220
F. F.
[...]VIII. A Feast. 118
XXXII. The Fencing-School. 268
[...]. Fire. 12
[...]I. Fishing. 104
XXXIV. River-fish, and Pond-fish. 70
XXXV. Sea-fish, and Shel-fish. 72
XL. The Flesh and Bowels. 82
XV. Flowers. 32
XXV. Flying-Vermine. 52
CXIII. Fortitude. 230
XXVI. Four-footed Beasts about the House. 55
LII. Fowling. 106
XX. Tame-Fowl. 42
XXIV. Water-Fowl. 50
X. The fruits of the earth. 22
XIV. Fruits of Trees. 31
G. G.
LXXXVIII. A Galley. 180
CXLV. Gentilism. 294
CII. Geometry. 208
II. God. 2
CXLIX. Gods Providence. 304
XLVII. Grasing, 96
XLIX. Grinding, 100
[Page] H. H.
XXXIX. The Head, and the Hands, [...]
XVI. Pot herbs, [...]
XXVII. Heard-Cattel, [...]
IV. Heaven, [...]
XLVIII. The making of Honey, [...]
LXXXIII. The Horse-man, [...]
LXVI. A House, [...]
LXXI. The parts of a House, 2 [...]
CXV. Humanity, 2 [...]
LIII. Hunting, 1 [...]
XLVI. Husbandry, [...]
J. J.
I. The Invitation, [...]
C. Musical Instruments, 20
CXLVI. Iudaism, 29
CXXIV. Iudgement, 25
CL. The last Iudgement, 30
K. K.
CXVI. Iustice, 23
CXXXVII. The Kingdom and Region, 2 [...]
L. L.
XXVIII Labouring-beasts, 5
CVII. Liberality, 23
XIX. Living creatures, 4 [...]
LIX. The dresing of Line, 12 [...]
LXI. Linnen-Clothes, 12 [...]
LXXIX. Looking-glasses, 16 [...]
M. M.
CXLVIII. Mahometisin, 30 [...]
CXXXVIII. Kingly-Majesty, 28
XXXVI. Man, 7 [...]
XXXVII. The seven Ages of Man, 7 [...]
XXXVIII. The outward parts of a Man. 7 [...]
LXIV. The Mason, 13 [...]
CXXVII. Measures and Weights, 25 [...]
CXXVI. Merchandizing, 256
LXXXIX. A Merchants-ship, 18 [...]
XI. Metals, 24
LXVII. A Mine. 138
CV. The apparitions of the Moon, 214
[Page] [...]x. Moral Philosophy, 220
[...]. Musical Instruments, 204
P. P.
[...]cii. Paper, 188
[...]xxxvi. Passage over waters, 176
[...]xv. Patience. 232
[...]i. Philosophy, 206
[...]ix. Moral Philosophy, 220
[...]xxviii. Physick. 260
[...]xxviii. The Picture, 360
[...]xxiv. Pond fish, 70
[...]vi. Pot-herbs, 37
[...]xx. The Potter, 144
[...]ciii. Printing, 190
[...]xlix. Gods Providence, 304
[...]x. Prudente, 224
R. R.
[...]xxxv. Races, 274
[...]xii. Ravenous-birds, 48
[...]xliv. Religion. 292
[...]xxiv. River-fish, 70
[...]xxxi. The Roper, 166
[...]xxxviii. Regal Majesty. 280
S. S.
Xcvii. A School, 198
[...]xlii. The Sea-fight, 288
Xxxv. Sea-fish, and Shel-fish. 72
Xlii. The outward and inward Senses. 86
Xxxi. Serpents, 64
Xc. Ship-wrack, 184
Xxiii. The-Shoo-maker, 128
Xviii. Shrubs, 38
Xxi. Singing-birds, 44
[...]xxxi. Sleights, 266
Cxviii. The Society betwixt man & wife, 240
Cxx. The society betwixt parents & children. 244
Cxxi The society betwixt Master & servant, 240
Xlii. The Soul of man, 88
Cxxxix. The Souldier, 282
Lxvii. She Black-Smith, 140
Cxxxii. Boyes-sports, 276
[Page]Ciii. The Celestial Sphere. 210
Cvii. The Terrestial Sphere. 218
Xcix. Arts belonging to the Speech. 202
Cxxvi. The Stable. 156
Cxxx. A Stage-play. 264
Xii. Stones. 26
Lxxii. The stove with the bed-room. 148
Xcviii. The Study, 200
Lxxxvii. Swimming. 178
T. T.
Lxii. The Taylor. 126
Cxii. Temperance. 228
Cxxxiii. Tennis-play. 270
Cvii. The Terrestrial Sphere. 218
Cxxv. The Torments of Malefactors. 254
Lxxxii. The Traveller. 168
Xii. A Trée. 28
Lxix. The Turner. 142
U. U.
Xxv. Flying-Uermin. 52
Xxxii. Crawling-Uermin. 66
Lvi. The Uintage. 114
W. W.
Vii. The Water. 16
Lx. Weaving. 122
Lxxiii. Wells. 150
Xxix. Wilde-Cattel. 60
Xxx. Wilde-Beasts. 62
Iii. The World. 8
Xci. Writing. 186

Trinuni Deo Gloria.

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