An Account of the City, Port, Garrison, and Fortifications of LIMERICK.
THIS City is the biggest in
Ireland, except
Dublin; its Haven lies on the West-side of
Ireland, and South of
Galway; It divideth the Province of
Connaught from
Munster, being of a great length, no less than sixty Miles; for so far it is from the mouth of the Haven to the City of
Limerick, to whose Walls Merchant-men of great Burthen, or Third, and Fourth Rate Frigats may goe up, without meeting with any thing else in all that way, save a number of little Isles, but not any foul Places, Rocks or Sands.
This Harbour is nothing else but a great Lough (half way its length growing some-what narrow, but immediately inlarging it self again into greater breadth) whereinto the River
Shannon, (upon whose Banks
Limerick is situated) dischargeth it self a little way below the said City; although the
English and the
Irish both call it the
Shannon, all the way until the Sea, as it were not a Lough into which the River falleth, but the River it self thus enlarged. This City, as aforesaid, standing on the Banks of the
Shannon, which encompasseth it so about that its a perfect Island, by which means its very strong by Nature; it's also Fortified with a very high strong Wall, on which are several Bastions and Redoubts; also, three spacious Gates, well-built with curious Stone,
viz. St.
John's Gate, St.
Peter's Gate, and the New-Gate.
These Gates give the Name to the Three Principal Streets in the City, on which are good Stone-Buildings: It hath also a Castle and Bridge,
viz. King's Castle, and
Thomand-Bridge, Pieces of great Strength and Beauty, though very Ancient, being of the Foundation of King
John, who was exceedingly delighted with the Situation. Its distant from
Dublin eighty four Miles, from
Cork thirty seven Miles, and from
Galway thirty six.
THE Haven of this City is the most considerable in the Province of
Connaught, being a very great Bay, some Miles broad, and many more long, having in the Mouth three Islands, (called the Isles of
Arran) the which lye
North and
South by the side of each other, there remaining the Channels for to come out of the Sea into this Bay. One Channel runeth betwixt the Land and the Northern Isle, and called therefore
North-Sound: The second between the same Northern Island and the middle-most; which Channel being the most usual of the Three, is commonly stiled St.
Gregory's
Sound; and the third between the most Southermost Island and the Mane, named
South-Sound; the Channel betwixt the Southern and the middle-most Island not being passable, by reason of the Sands and Shelves, wherefore the Name of
Half-Sound hath been given unto it.
The whole North-side of this Bay is very foul with Sands and Rocks, so as one may not approach the Shoar in a great way; at the end of which Sand, and in the innermost part of the Bay, lyeth a little Island, called
Mutton-Island, at the East-side whereof, one may Anchor in five or six Fathoms of Water; but from thence Northwards, until the City of
Galway, which is the space of two or three Miles, none but little Vessels and Barks can go, the City standing not on the Bay it self, but on a broad Water like a River, the which not far from
Galway coming out of a great Lake, called
Lough Corbes, dischargeth it self into the Bay a little above
Mutten-Isle.
This City is the principal of the Province of
Connaught, both for Beauty, Strength and Trade; its invironed with a very strong Wall, the best in all
Ireland, on which is a Counterscarp, Bastion, and other Fortifications; and its no less strong within it self, the Houses being built very regular with Stone, with Battlements at the top, for Guns to be Planted. Its distant from
Dublin eighty five Miles, and from
Athlone thirty six Miles.
THIS Town is the greatest Pass from
Dublin to
Connaught, and so to
Leinster: it's a place that is but small, yet of very great Strength, the River
Shannon running through it, like
London and
Southwark; its joyned by a stately Stone-Bridge, on which are Fortifications, built at the charge of Queen
Elizabeth, and repaired in the Year 1663. On that part of the Town that is in
Connaught stands a great Castle, regularly Fortified according to the modern way by K.
Charles the II. a little after his Restauration, with the addition of a high mud Wall round that part of the Town, and several other new Works hath been lately made here by the order of King
James. Its distant from
Dublin forty nine Miler.
KING-SALE.
THE Haven of this Town is one of the most Famousest of all
Ireland; Ships of great Burthen may Sail into it, keeping in the midst of the Channel, without any danger, either without, or in the Mouth of the Harbour, except a blind Rock close to the East-Point: Within the Haven, on the West-side, lyeth a great Shelf, which shooteth a great way off from the Land, but leaving a very large Passage along by the side of it, in which, as in all the rest of the Harbour, it is many Fathoms deep. This Haven for some Miles goeth in N. N. East, but afterwards turneth West-ward, until the Key of
Kingsale, where Ships may Ride in 8 or 9 Fathoms of Water, being defended of all Winds: The Town stands upon the Mouth of the River
Bany; and at some distance from it stands a curious Cittadel; (which cost K.
Charles the II. 80 Thousand Pound the Erecting;) its of great Security to the Port so that no Force can attack it, either by Sea or Land, without great hazard and danger: The Town is well Fortified by Land, having a Wall, and several Works on it, but its commanded by the adjacent Hills, particularly by one Hill that is exact against their great Fort, which renders the place uncapable of holding out a Siege. Its distant from
Dublin 127 Miles, from
Limerik 46.
THE Haven of this City stands Ten Miles to the Eastward of
Kin-sale, the which goeth in N. N. East, being within large and wide, runing a great way into the Land; for the City (until whose Key this Haven is very clean and deep) is seated many miled from the Sea, and from the Mouth of the Harbour.
The City is but small, consisting chiefly of one large Street, reaching out in length, but very populous: It is the only thorough-fare of all English Goods and Commodities (as they term them) namely, rich Broad Cloaths, Stuffs, and Linnen, Fruits, Spices,
&c. Sent most commonly this way out of
England, for those two remarkable Port-Towns of
Limmerick and
Galoway; it is Fortified with a very good Wall, and curious Stone-Bridge, on which are several Works, and being environed with Water; were it not for the Hills near it, which over looks the City, (in the same nature as at
Kin-sale) it might be made a place Impregnable, but the Hills has such a command of it, that a Battery from thence, would Beat the the Town about the Ears of the Garrison: It is distant from
Dublin One Hundred and Sixteen Miles, from
Limmerick Thirty Six Miles.
WATERFORD.
THIS Haven is Situated on the Confines of
Lenister and
Munster, and runneth seven, or eight Miles into the Land, not Winding or Crooked, or with any great Inlets or Nookes, but almost in a streight Line (extending it self
North, North-West) and in most parts of an equal Breadth, all the way Deep and Clear, having no Rocks nor Sands: Without the Harbour, it is Eleven, or Twelve Fathoms Deep; in the Mouth Seven and more; inwards Six Fathoms. Within the Esterly corner is a good Road, in Four, or Five Fathoms; and on the other, or Westerly side, Five or Six Miles from the Mouth, is an other good Road, very Commodious, as well for those Ships that go fourth, as those that will Sail upwards to
Waterford. Upon the
East side, about half way the
[Page 7] length, lyeth a very strong Fort and Castle, called
Duncannon, (Built much in the Nature of that at
Tilbury, against
Graves-End) and so commandeth the Harbour, that no Ships can go up or down against the will of the Fort: This Haven in the end divideth it self into two Armes; both a great deal Inferiour to the principal Harbour; The City is Scituated some four or five Miles from that Division, a little below the place where the River Shoure falleth into this Harbour: And thô it stands at a reasonable good distance off from the Main Sea, yet Ships of the greatest Burthen may safely Sail to, and Ride at Anchor before the Key thereof, the Fortifycations of this Place are not very considerable, having but an indifferent Wall round it, with a small Fort, but it's very strong by Sea, on the account of the Fort of
Duncannon.
CLONMEL.
THIS Town is in the County of
Typperary, and Scituated on the River shou
[...]e about Twenty Miles above
Waterford, from whence it's Passable to it, by Vessels of small Burthen; this Place is Naturally Fortyfied, standing on an Advantagious ground, very hard to be Attackt; besides, it's Invironed with a very good VVall and Castle of great strength. This Place made a resolute Defence against
Oliver Cromwel, Ano Dom. 1649. who endeavoring to get it by Storm, the Garrison beat his Souldiers twice from the Breaches, and at last Surrendred on Honourable Conditions, i'ts Sixty Six Miles from
Dublin.
The River SHANNON.
BEsides the excessive number of Brooks, wherewith
Ireland is VVatered; it hath a great many Rivers, the which being Broader and Deeper then the Brooks, are consequently navigable; althô the Major part are not portable of any great Ships, but only of small Vessels.
The principalest of all is the
Shannon, who taking her original out of Lough-
Allen, and in her
[Page 8] course dividing the Province of
Connaught from
Leinster, and afterwards also from
Munster, passeth through two other great Loughs, to wit, Lough-
Ree, whereout she cometh just above
Athlone, and Lough-
Dergh, about half-way betwixt
Athlone and
Limerick; and a little below the said Town, she dischargeth herself again into another Lough, by far the biggest of all, the which extending it self from
Limerick into the Sea, which is 60 Miles. And above 60 Miles from
Athlone it is held by the
Irish, as well as the
English, not for a Lough, but for the
Shannon it self; so that its whole length is 120 Miles.
This River is wide and deep every where, so as she would be Navigable in her whole length, not only with small Vessels, but with Ships of large Burthen, to the great advantage of them that inhabit next it, were it not for the impediment of a certain Rock within 8 Miles of
Athlone, the which standeth a cross in the Channel, and the River with great violence falling downwards over it, all communication of Navigation betwixt the upper and lower parts of it is thereby absolutely hindred. It was proposed to the Earl of
Stafford, when Lord Deputy, by certain
Dutch Ingineers, That for the Sum of 8000
l.
Sterling, they would in that place cut a new Channel, A Sum not very considerable, in comparison of the great profit which afterwards would have accrued from that Work; but the Rebellion ensuing, it was never taken in hand to this day.
But its now hoped, that upon the happy Settlement of the Kingdom of
Ireland, under the Benign Government of Their August Majesties, King
William and Queen
Mary, this advantagious Work may be performed.
FINIS.