Of the Dukes Grandes of Spayne.

THe first is the Duke of San Lucar the Maior, or of Alpechin, Earle of Oliuares, Lord high Stew­ard to his Maiesty of Spaine, Sumiller du Corps, or chiefe Squire to his body; the said Office belongs to the house of Burgundie, of which the King him­selfe is chiefe. The said Dukes Mansion or dwel­ling house is in Siuill, his estate and reuenues are in Andalusia, A Duccate is fiue shillings sixepence of our money. valued at sixescore thousand Duckets a yeere, besides offices. He is lineally descended from the house of the Guzmanes, whose sonne in law (the Marques of Torall) is head of the said house, and also one of the Grandes of Spaine, and master of the Kings horse.

This said Marques of Torall his ancestors did al­ways heretofore refuse all offices, and places of dig­nity in Court, being expressely forbidden by their progenitors success [...]iely, holding and accounting it an indignity to their Noble pedegree; this being their motto in their scutcheons. Reyes de nos, y nos node Reyes, (Kings come from us, wee not from Kings) His house or mansion of antiquity, is in the King­dome of Leon; his reuenues, in former times were not aboue eight thousand, but now valued at sixty foure thousand Duckets a yeere beside offices.

The Duke of Medina Sidonia, Marques of San Lucar of Basrameda, of Cacara in Affrica, and Earle [Page 3] of Niebla his house and estate are in the Kingdome of Siuill, his yeerely reuenues with his fishing of Tunnie, are valued at three hundred thousand Duc­kets a yeare. He is one of the prime branches of the house and family of Gusmanes.

This Duke (being once enstalled in his Duke­dome) frequents not the Kings Court, but liues in Courtlike state within his owne precinct at San Lu­car of Barrameda: his Father was Generall of the Fleete, Anno Dom. 1588. The sonne of this great Duke (by vertue of a dispensation from the Pope) hath married his Aunt, both by father and mother, and tis doubtfull, whether her beauty or riches had greatest power in this vnnaturall coniunction.

The Duke of Medina Caeli, Marques of Cogolludo, Earle of the port of Saint Mary: Is chiefe of the fa­milie of Cerdas: his Mansion or dwelling house is in Cogolludo: his estate in the Kingdome of Toledo, and Siuill; and by estimation worth foure and forty thousand Duckets a yeere.

This Duke is of the blood Royall of Castilla, and layes claime to the Kingdome of Castilla, and his accustomed manner is euery yeere vpon Twelfe­day to deliuer a petition to his Maiesty by right of priuiledge in that behalfe, which petition the King fauourably receiues, and withall answeres in these words, Nos lo oymos, We heare you: and so referres it to the Councell royall where it ceaseth for the present without any further proceedings in this Case.

[Page 4]The Duke of Lerma, Marques of Deniae, Earle of Ampudia, Lord of the house of Sandubal, and Rojas; His houses and Mansions are in Lerma and Denia, his estate and reuennewes in Castilla and Valentia, and are worth two hundred and threescore thousand Duckats a yeare.

This said Duke and his eldest sonne, (the Duke of Vceda,) Heire apparant to the Dukedome afore­said, are both dead and the Duke of Cea (grand­child to the Duke of Lerma aforesaid, and Lord Lieutenant of Castilla, enioyeth all the aforesayd estate which (with his owne) amounteth to three hundred and fourty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The said Lerma, perceiuing himselfe disfauou­red by the King, procured a Cardinals hat for his owne safety.

And the said Dukes fauourite, Marques of Siete, Yglesias, Don Rodrigo Calderon (Captaine of his Maiesties Guard) being attainted of high Treason; (according to the accustomed manner of Spayne, for execution of such malefactors) had his throat cut in the open Market place at Madrid, and all his goods confiscated to the King: amounting to the summe of three millions of Duckets, or rather more. Moreouer his children and successors of his Linage were proclaimed ignoble, and neuer afterwards hereditarie to the aforesaid demeanes.

This Marques as hee was going to the place of execution, had one going before him with a Bell and a dish in his hand, begging Money for Masses to be said for his soule; saying these words. Doc [Page 5] good for the Soule of this man, who the other day was so rich, and now in so poore and lamentable estate.

The Duke of Feria, Marques of Safra, Earle of Villa Alba, Chiefe of the family of Feigueroas; his house is in Safra, his estate in Estremadura, his rents are fifty thousand Duckets a yeere.

This Dukes Grandmother was of the house of the Dormars, heere in England, and a Lady of Ho­nour to Queene Mary, who was married to King Philip, the second of Spayne, and the sayd Lady was married to this Dukes Grandfather, at that same time and so went ouer into Spayne.

The Duke of Infantado, Marques of Cenete and Santillana, Earle of Saldana, Lord of the Royalty of Mansanares, Chiefe of the house of Mendosas; his Mansion or dwelling house is in the Citty called Guadalaxara, and his estate lies in the Kingdome of Toledo, and the mountaines of old Castilla: his rents are a hundred thousand Duckats a yeere.

The old Duke is dead and now the young heire enioyes the Dukedome, being some twenty yeeres of age, this is one of the prime Dukes of Spaine.

The Duke of Frias, Marques of Berlanga, Earle of Haro, and Lord of the house of the seuen Infantes of Lara, Constable of Castilla, and Iustice Maior of Spayne: Hee is Chiefe of the House of Velascos: His house is in the Citty Burgos, and his estate in old Castilla, in the mountaines of Biscay, and the Hilles of Soria, His rents are fourescore thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 6]The Duke of Medina Riosecco Marques of Modica, Earle of Melgar, Vicount Cabrera, in Catalunia and Esterlin; Admirall of Castilla, and chiefe of the house of Enriques. His Mansion or dwelling house is in Vallodolid, and his estate in the province of Campos, Catalunia; and Sicilia, his rents are sixe­score thousand Duckats a yeare.

This Duke of Alba, riding a hawking in the moun­taines of Tole­do, by Sala­manca disco­uered a Valley amongst the Hills, inhabi­ted by heathe­nish people, called Patuecos and before not knowne which Valley was given to him by the King, about twenty yeares since, and these people did adore the Sunne-rising.The Duke of Alba and Guesca, Marques of Cori [...], Earle of Saluatierra, Vicount of Saldices, and Lord of Valde Corneja, of the family of the Toledos, Counstable of Nauarre by inheritance, his Mansions or dwelling houses are in Salamanca, and Alba: and his estate in old Castilla, Nauarre and Andalusia: His rents are a hundred thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Alcada, (of the house of Gansules, Marques of Tarifa, Earle of Hornos, Lieutenant or Lord president of Andalusia, and Lord chiefe Nota­rie of the same. He is chiefe of the family of Riue­ras, His Mansion or dwelling house is in the Citty of Siuill, and his estate in the same Kingdome; His rents are fourescore thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Alburquerque, Marques of Guelma, and Culiar, Earle of Ledesma, Chiefe of the family of the Cueuas. His house is in Culiar, and his estate in old Castilla, His rents are fifty thousand Duckets a yeare.

[Page 7]The Duke of Escalona, Marques of Villena, Earle of Santistc [...]an, Lord Garganta, Chiefe of the family of Pachecos, His houses are in Toledo and Escaloni [...], and his estate in the Prouince of the M [...]ncha in the Kingdome of Tolledo. His rents are worth a hun­dred thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Osuna, Marques of Penafiel, Earle of Vrenia, head of the family of Girones, Lord chiefe Notarie of Castilla: His house is in Osuna, his estate in Andolusia and old Castilla: His rents are foure­score thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Duke of Arcos, Marques of Cades and Lara, Earle of Marchena, chiefe of the family of the Pon­ces of Leon: His house in Seuill, and his estate in the said Kingdome; His rents are fifty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Bei [...]r, Marques Gibraleon, Earle of Benalcasar ▪ Chiefe of the house of the Sunigas and Soto Maior▪ His Mansion or dwelling house is in Seuill, and his estate in the said Kingdome: His rents are threescore and ten thousand Duckets a yeere, this Duke is of the blood Royall.

The Duke of Gandia, Marques of Lombay, Earle of Oliba, head of the family of the Borjas: His house is in Valentia, and his estate in the same Kingdome: his rents are fifty thousand Duckets a yeare.

[Page 8]The Duke of Cesa, Balna and Soma, Marques of Poca, Earle of Cabra, Palamos, and Oliueto, Vicount of Disnacar, Admirall of Naples; High Constable of the Castle of Ferxo: He is head of the house of Cordobas; His Mansion or chiefe dwelling house, is in Cordoba, and his estate in the Kingdome of Naples, and Catalunia. His rents are sixescore thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Maqueda and Naxera Marques of Elche, Earle of Valentia and Triuinio, chiefe of the house of the Manrriques de lara, and Cardenas. His houses are in Toledo, and Naxera: and his estate in the Kingdome of Leon and Estremadura: his rents are fourescore and ten thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Segorbe and Cardona, Marques of Comares, Lord of Lucena, Earle of Pradas, Constable of Arragon, head of the Arragones and Cardonas; of the blood Royall of Arragon: His house is in Valen­tia, his estate in the said Kingdome Catalunia and Andalusia: His rents are sixescore thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke Peniaranda, Marques of Banesia, Earle of Miranda, chiefe of the family of the Auella­nedas, and likewise allied vnto the house of S [...]niga, his house is in Peniaranda, and his estate in old Castilla: His rents are yeerely fourty thousand Duckets a yeere.

[Page 9]The Duke of Yjar, his house is in Saragosa, and his estate in Arragon; his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Duke of Villa Hermosa, Earle of Ribagosa, of the linage of Arragones, his house is in Saragosa, and his estate in Arragon: His rents are foure and twenty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Beraguas, Marques of Iamayca, Ad­mirall of the Indies, allied to the house of Toledo: his house is in Saragosa: and his estate in Arra­gon, and the Indies, estimated to be worth thirty thousand Duckats a yeare besides his Admiralls place, which is worth twenty thousand Duckets a yeere more.

The Duke of Pastrana, Prince of Eboli, of the house and family of Siluas in Portugall: this house is in Pastrana; his estate in the Prouince of Alcarria, his reuenues are worth forty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Duke of Villa Franca, is of the house of Tolledo, but being not desirous to reteine the title of a Duke, assignes it to his sonne, and is only conten­ted with the name Don Pedro of Toledo. His sonne is Duke of Fernandina, Marques of Villa Franca, Prince of Montalban ▪ and Earle of Peniramiro.

This Don Pedro, was he that was taken Prisoner comming for England, in the yeare 1588. and his [Page 10] sonne did lately take Saint Christophers Iland. Their Mansions or chief dwelling houses are in Toledo and Villa Franca: and their estates in Naples and Galisia, valued at sixecore thousand Duckets a yeare.

The reuenues of the Nobil [...] ­tie were grea­ter in substance vntill Philip, the third ba­nished the Mo­riscoes out of Spayne, which Moriscoes were the most indust­rious people in Spayne, and by reason of their banishment the Kingdome is much dispeo­pled they being in number a­bove a hundred thousand.All these are Dukes Grandees in Spayne, and hold their priuiledges and dignities successiuely by inhe­ritance, and so doe the Constables and Admirals, within the King of Spaynes dominions.

Now for their estates & yerely reuenues, none of them can sell, but may (if necessity and occasion re­quire) Morgage the same for the payments of their debts (by yearely portions) till satisfaction bee made, and then the right owner, or his suruiuing heire, must repossesse the same without any impedi­ment or contradiction.

Another obseruation Concerning these Grandees is, that none of them must be married without the Kings leaue and licence: which if they doe obtaine, and are married, their espoused Ladies must not loose their virginity within sixe miles of the Kings Court, the first night after they are Married.

Furthermore no Grandee, Nobleman or Gen­tleman of worth, may be arrested for debt, but must pay their debts as the abouesaid Grandees.

Neitheir can any stranger be arrested for debt if he can but produce two witnesses, that will be de­posed and take their oath, that he is descended from the loynes of Gentle-parents in his natiue Coun­trey. Also no Souldiers can be billeted vpon any of the Nobility, nor Gentry of Spayne.

The Grandees of Italy which may at their owne pleasure bee cove­red before the King.

THe Duke of Paliano, Prince of Sonino, Coun­stable of Naples; of the house and linage of Colona Romana: His mansion or dwelling house is in Rome, his estate and reuenewes are in the adiacent borders called Campana Roma, and are valued at a hundred thousand Duckets a yeare.

Marques Spinola, This Marques is Commander maior of the Knights of Santiago in Castilla: [...] of the Coun­sell of state and warre. chiefe Campmaster of the ar­mies in Flaunders and Generall in the Palatinate; Now gouernour of Millain: Generall of the King of Spaynes forces there, Knight of the Noble order of the Golden Fleece: his house is at Gen [...]ua, some estate of land he hath in Spayne, but his gre [...]test re­uenewes are in money; by relation two or three millions; but not certainely know [...]n. His sonne for the reward of his ser [...]ice at the Palatinate, was made a Cardinall commonly called Cardinall Spinola.

The Duke of Braciano, Lord of the house of Vr­c [...] Romana His house is in Rome; his estate in the aforesaid [...]ampana Roma [...]ia and Tuscana: and is worth fourescore thousand Duckets a yeere.

The Prince of Bisiniano, had a faire estate and ma­ny [Page 12] titles, but now all are come to nothing but a bare title; although hee was heretofore head of the house of Saint Seberina: he is called by the name of Don Tiberio Carasa.

The Prince of Malfeta, of the house of Gonsaga, graund Iusticer of Naples, Earle of Guastala, and Campo Bassa: his house is in Guastala; his estate in Naples and Lombardie: his rents are seuenty thou­sand Duckets a yeare.

The Prince of Melsi, of the house of Oria, great Protonotario or Pronotarie of Naples; His house is at Genoua, and his estate lyeth in the Kingdome of Naples: His rents are two hundred thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

The Prince of Asinly, Lord of the house of Leyba; his house is at Naples, and his estate in the said Kingdome: His rents are fourty thousand Duckets a yeere.

The Duke of Montalto, Prince of Paterno, is of the family of Moncada and Arragon: His house is at Palermo, and his estate lyes in the Kingdomes of Na­ples and Scicilie: his rents are a hundred and fourty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Terra noua, Prince of Gastelbitrano, is of the house and family of Zallauia and Arragon, his house is at Palermo, and his estate in the King­dome of Scicilie: His rents are seuenty thousand Duckets a yeere.

The Marques of Pescara and Vasto, is of the house and family of A [...]alus, his house is at Naples, and his estate in the same kingdome: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 13]The Marques of Sexto, of the family of Spinola, his house is at Genoua, his estate in the Kingdome of Naples: his rents are seuenty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Duke of Monteleon, is of the house and family of Pinatelo, his house is in the City of Naples, and his estate in the same Kingdome and Calabria: his rents are fourty thousand Duckets a yere.

The Prince of Castillon, of the house and family of Gonsaga, his house is at Castillon, and his estate in Lombardie: his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Duke of Salmoneta, is of the family of Gae­tana, his house is in Rome, and his estate neere there­unto adioyning, his rents are thirty thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

The Prince of Butera, is of the House of Brangifort, His house is in Palermo, and his estate not farre distant from it: his rents are fourescore thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Prince of Sulmona, is of the house of Bur­gense; His house is at Rome, and his estate in the Kingdome of Naples, his rents are twenty thousand Duckets a yeare.

Marquesses Grandes of Spayne.

THe Marques of Astorga, Earle of Trastamara and Santa Maria, of the house of Villa Lobos, head of the linage of Osorios, hee hath his house in Astorga, and his estate in the kingdome of Leon, and in the Prouince of Campos: his rents are fourty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Aguilar, Earle of Casteneda, is of the house of Manrriques of Lara: his house is in Aguilar, his estate in Leon; and his rents are foure and thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Mondesar, Earle of Tendilla, of the linage of Mendosas; his house is in Mondesar and his estate in the Prouince of Alcarria: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Pliego, is of the house of Agui­lar, hee holdes his mansion or dwelling house in Cordoba, and his estate is in Alcarria and Andal [...]si [...], his rents are a hundred thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Veles and Molina Adolantado, or Lieutenant of Murcia, is of the house of Fajardos; His house and his estate are in Murcia, and his rents are sixe and fourty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Santa Cruz or the Holy-Crosse, is of the house of Bacan: His Mansion or dwelling house is in the Viso, his estate in Andalusia: and his rents are thirty thousand Duckets a yeare.

[Page 15]The Marques of Velada, of the linage and house of Toledo and Auila, His house is in Auila, his estate in the Kingdome of Toledo: his rents are thirty thousand Duckets a yeare.

Of the Earles Grandes of Spayne.

THe Earle of Benauente, Duke of Villaon, Earle of Luna and Mayorga. He is of the house of Pi­mentele and holds his mansion or dwelling house in Valladel [...]d; his estate is in Campos in the Kingdome of Estremadura: and his rents are a hundred thou­sand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Lemus and Andrada Marques of Sarria, Earle of Villalba of the house of the Castres: His mansion or dwelling house is in Monforte Dele­mus, his estate in Galisia: His rents are fifty thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Earle of Oropesa, and Deloptosa Marques Ga­randilla Lord of Cebolla: hee is of the house and linage of Toledo, His Mansion or chiefe dwelling house is in Oropesa, his estate lyeth in the Kingdome, of Toledo, His rents are seuentie thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Albadelista is of the linage of the Enriques ▪ His mansion house is in Camora, and his estate in old Castilla, His rents are thirty thousand Duckets a yeare.

[Page 16]The Earle of Altamira, is of the house and linage of Moscoso: his mansion or dwelling house is in Al­tamira: his estate in Galisia, his rents two and twen­ty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Monterry, is of the house of Sunigas, his house is in Salamanca, his estate in Galisia, his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

Marquesses of Spayne, which are not Grandees.

This Marques was lately made a Grand [...]THe Marques of Ayamonte, of the linage of Suni­gas, and Soto Maior; his house and estate are in Siuill: and his rents six and twenty thousand Duc­kats a yeere.

The Marques of Tauara, of the house of Pimen­teles, his house is in Valladolid; his estate in old Castilla: and his rents sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Carpio Earle of Armuz of the house of Haro; his mansion or dwelling house is in Carmona: his estate in Andalusia, and his rents are foure and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Camarasa, Earle of Ricla, of the house of Cobos; his house is in Valladolid, and estate in Arragon: and his rents are fiue and fourty thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 17]The Marques of Cortes, of the linage and house of Toledo, his house is in Cortes, his estate is in Navarra▪ his rents are fifteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Montemayor, of the linage and stocke of Silhas, he hath his house in Monte-mayor; his estate in the Kingdome of Toledo, and his rents are eighteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Montesclaros of the linage of Mendosas he holds his chiefe house for residencie in Guadalaxara: his estate lyeth in the Prouince of Alcarria, and his rents are sixeteene thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

The Marques of Nauas, Earle of Risco, is of the house and linage of Auilas, hee hath his mansion or chiefe dwelling house in Auila, and his estate is in Aquella Comarca: his rents are sixe and twenty thou­sand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Stepa, of the centurions of Genoua, hath his house in Siuill, and his estate in the same Kingdome: his rents are fifty thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

The Marques of Caracena, of the linage of Caril­los and Toledo; holds his house in Caracena, and his estate in Castilla: his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Malpica, of the linage of the Riveras, holdes his house in Madrid, and his estate in the Kingdome of Toledo: his rents are fourty thou­sand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 18]The Marques of Ladrada, of the linage and house of Cuebas, holdes his house in Ladrada, and his estate in the Kingdome of Murcia: His rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques Caniete, of the linage and house of Mendosas; holds his house in Cuenca, and his estate in Aquella Comarra: his rents are thirty foure thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Falces, of the house of Peralta, hath his Mansion house in Mansilla, and his estate in Nauarra: his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Aytona, of the house of Moneada and Cardona; holdeth his chiefe mansion in Valen­tia, and his estate in the said Kingdome, his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Delualle, of the house and fami­ly of Fernan cortes, his house is in Mesico, in the West Indies, and his estate lyeth in Noua Hispania, new Spaine, his rents are seuenty thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Marques of Fromista, of the linage of Enrri­ques; his house is in Fromista▪ his estate in Campos; His rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Cerralbo, of the house of Toledo, and Pachecos, hath his mansion house in Cerralbo, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Ardales and Algaua, of the house of Guzmanes, hath his house and estate in Seuill: and his rents are thirty fixe thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

[Page 19]The Marques of P [...]obera, of the house of Sandas, hath his mansion house in Salamanca, and his estate in old Castilla, his rents are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Veteta, of the house of Cardenas his house is in Lerena, and his estate in Estremadora: his rents are fifte [...]ne thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Alcanisas, of the house of Manrriques and Almansas; hath his house in Alca­nises, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are fif­teene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Auila-Fuente, of the house of Cunigat, hath his house in Auila-Fuente, and his estate in old Castilla ▪ his rents are eighteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Mota, of the house of V [...]oas, hath his house and estate in Toro, and his rents are sixteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Villa Manrriques, of the house of Sunig [...]s, his whole estate is in old Castilla: and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare,

The Marques of Lansarote, Lord of Fuerte-Ven­tura, of the house of Roj [...]as and Herreras his house and estate are in the Canarias: his rents sixe thou­sand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Aum [...]n, of the house of Velascos and Herrer [...], hath his house in Aunion, and his estate in Castilla, his rents are two and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Guadalcazar, of the house of Cordouas, hath both his house and estate in Andalu­sia: and his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 20] Late Ambassa­dor in England lately dead.The Marques of Ynojosa, of the linage of the Mendosas, hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in Gastilla: and his rents are twenty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Villar, of the linage of Pimenteles and Suniga, hath his house and estate in Gast [...]lla: and his rents are sixe and twenty thousand Duc­kets a yeere.

The Marques of Iodar, of the house of Carana jales, he hath his house in Iodar, and his estate in Andalusias: his rents are ten thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Salinas, of the house of Velascos, hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in the Indies: his rents are fifty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of the Valles, of the house Acunia, hath his house and estate in old Castilla, and his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Marques of Flores de Auila, of the house of Cunigas, hath his house in Salamanca, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are eight thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Pobar, of the house of Auilas and Guzmanes, hath his house and estate in Andalusia▪ and his rents are sixteene thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Pardos, of the house of Cerdas, hath his house in Toledo, his estate in Castilla, and his rents are thirty thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Mirabel, of the house of Auilas, hath his house in Placencia, and his estate in Placen­cia: his rents are foureteene thousand Duckats a a yeare.

[Page 21]The Marques of Guardia, of the house of Meijas, his house is in Guardia, and his estate in Andalusia: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Almacan, Earle of Monteagudo, hath his house in Almacan, and his estate in olde Castilla: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Moya of the house of Pachecos, and Lord of the houses of the Soid ▪ hath his house in Valentia, and his estate in Cuenca: his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Fuente, of the house of Sandobal, hath his whole estate in Andalusia: and his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Laguna, of the house of Cerdas, hath his whole estate in Leon; and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques Calanda, of the house of Alasones, in Arragon: his rents are foure thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Nauarres, This Marques is now a Grande and the cheife of the order of Montessa. of the house of Borjas, hath his house and estate in Valentia: and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Almenara, Earle of Cocen­tana, his house and estate are in Valentia and Ca­stilla: his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Villamicar, of the house of Rojas, and Sandobal, his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 22]The Marques of Loriana, his house is in Auila, and his estate in Castilla, and his rents are worth ten thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Marques of Orani, of the linage of Silu [...], his whole estate is in Cardena, and his rents are tenne thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Tabara, of the house of Pimen­teles, hath his house in Valladolid, and his estate in Castilla: his rents are worth sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Ielbes, of the house of Pimenteles, his whole estate is in Castilla ▪ and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Malagon, Earle of Villa Lonso, of the house of Vlloas, his house is in Zero, and his estate in Castilla ▪ his rents are sixe and thirty thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Earles of Spayne, which are Grandes.

THe Earle of Salinas and Ribadeo, Duke of Villa, Franca, of the linage of Silbas: hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in Galicia, Vizcaya and Naples: his rentes are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Aguilar, Lord of Cameros, of the house of Arelanos: hath his house in Aguilar, his [Page 23] estate in Rioja, and his rents are fifteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle Aranda, of the house of Burrcas, hath his house in Saragosa, and his estate in Aragon: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Almenara, in Valentia, his rents are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Alcaudete, of the house of Cordouas, hath his house in Alcaudete, and his estate in the Kingdome of Cordoua: his rents are eighteene thou­sand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Alba [...]da, of the house of Milanes, in Valentia, his rents are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Aymon, of the house of Cordouas and Leon, hath his house in Cordoua, and his estate in Granada: his rentes are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Debelchite, of the house of Ysares, hath his house in Valentia, and his estate in Arragon: his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Castellar, head of the house of Saha­bedras, his house and estate are in Seuill: and his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Castro, of the house of Mendosas, hath his house in Castro, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Cifuentes, of the house of Siluas, hath his house in Toledo, and his estate in Alcarria: his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Chi [...]chion, head of the house of Bo­uadillas, hath his house and estate in Tolledo: and his rents are forty thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 24]The Earle of Corunina, of the house of Mendo­sas, hath his house in Guadalaxara, and his estate in Alcarria: his rents are tenne thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Fuensalida, Marques of Val [...]arrota, of the house of Ayalas, hee hath his house in Toledo, and his estate in that Kingdome Estremadura and Andalusia, his rents are seuenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Gelbes, of the house of Portugals, hath his house in Seuill, and his estate in Castilla: his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Gomera of Ayales, Suares, and Ca­stilla, his house and estate are in the Canaries: his rents are fourteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Guirra, of the house of Pachecos and Castillas, hath his house and estate in new Castilla: his rents are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

Or chiefe post Master.The Earle of Villamediana, of the house of Tar­sis, Correo Mayor. Hath his house in Valladolid, his estate in Andalusia, and his rents are fourescore thousand Duckats a yeare with his office.

The Earle of Fuentes, of the house of Heredias, his house is in Caragosa, and his estate in Arragon, his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Medillen of the house of Portocarre­ros, hath his house in Medillen, and his estate in Estremadura: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Ciruela, of the house of Velascos hath his house in Rea, his estate in old Castilla, and Andalu­cia: his rents are foureteene thousand Duckats a yere.

[Page 25]The Earle of Morata, of the house of Lunas, hath his house in Caragosa, his estate in Arragon: his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeere.

The Earle of Casarubios of the house of Chazones, hath his house and estate in Toledo: and his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Onate, of the house of Guebaras, hath his house in Onate, and his estate in Guipuzcoa: his rents are eighteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Puebl [...], of Maestre, of the house of Cor­donas, his house is in Lerena, and his estate in Estrema­dura: his rents are sixteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Orgaz of the house of Ayalas and Mendosas, hath his house in San-tollala and his estate in the kingdome of Toledo and Vizcaya: his rents are eighteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Palma, of the house of Portocarreros hath his house in Hecija, and his estate in the King­dome of Cordeba: his rents are fourteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Pliego, of the house of Carrillos, hath his house in Guadalaxara, and his estate in Cuenca, his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Punio en rostro, of the house of Arias, hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in the King­dome of Toledo: his rents are twenty thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

The Earle of Paredes, of the house of Manrriques, hath his house in Paredes, and his estate in old Ca­stilla: his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yere.

The Earle of Salazar, of the house of Relascos, hath his whole estate in old Castilla; and his rents [Page 26] are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Ribadabia, of the house of Mendosas, hath his house in Valladolid, and his estate in Galicia: his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Sastago, of the house of Arragon, hath his house in Caragosa, and his estate in Arragon: his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Santisteuan, chiefe of the house of Venauides, hath his house in Vbeda, and his estate in Gaen: his rents are fifteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Galues, of the house of Cerda [...], hath his house and his estate in Galicia: and his rents are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Varajas, head of the house of Sapa­tas, hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in Aquel­la-Comarca: his rents are thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Nieua, of the house of Enrriquez, hath his house in Nieua, and his estate in old Castilla: his rentes are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Ayamor and Fernandina, Duke of Villa Real in the Kingdome of Naples: and of the house of Diaquez: hath his house and his estate in Vizcaya: and his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Lodosa, of the house of Mendozas and Nauarros, hath his whole estate in Nauarra: and his rents are nine thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Cantillana, of the house of Vi­centelos, hath his house in Ceuill, and his estate in Andalusia: and his rents are twentie thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

[Page 27]The Earle of Aninober, of the house of Leyuas, hath his mansion or chiefe dwelling house in Toledo, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Castrillo, of the house of Abellanedas, hath his house in Aranda, and his estate in old Castilla: and his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Villa-nueua of Anuedo, of the house of Vlloas, hath his whole estate in old Castilla: and his rents are eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Arcos, of the house of Figueroas and Mendosa, hath his whose estate in that Kingdomes of Toledo and Andalusia, his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Puebla and Montalban, of the house of Telles and Girones, hath his house in Puebla, and his estate in Toledo: his rents are twenty thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

The Earle of Baylen, of the house of Ponces of Leon, hath his house in Baylen, and his estate in Andalusia: his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Osor [...], of the house of Manrriques, hath his house in Osorno, and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Graxal, of the house of Vegas, hath his house in Graxal, and his estate in Campos: his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Villamor, of the house of Albarados, hath his house in Madrid, and his estate in Castilla: his rents are two and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 28]The Earle of Villauor, of the house of Guzmanes, hath his house and estate in Castilla: and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Villaflor of the house of Enriques, hath his whole estate in Castilla: and his rents are eight thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Fuenti-duenia of the house of Lu­nas, hath his house in Fuenti-duenia, and his estate in olde Castilla: his rents are twelue thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

The Earle of Fuensaldana, of the house of Viueros and Lunas, hath his house in Valladolid: and his estate in old Castilla: his rents are ten thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle is now a Grande of Spayne.The Earle of Mayalden, Prince of Esquilache, of the house of Borjas, hath his whole estate in the Kingdome of Naples: and his rents are thirty thou­sand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Fuente elsauco of the house of Dezas, hath his house and estate in Toro: and his rents are twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Salba-tierra of the house of Ayalas and Sarmientos; hath his whole estate in Galicia: and his rents are sixeteene thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Villa-alba of the house of Ayalas, hath his house and estate in Toledo: and his rents are twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Earle of Gondomar, of the house of Sarmien­tos and Acunia: hath his house and estate in Galicia, and his rents are nine thousand Duckats a yeare.

[Page 29]The Earle of Penaranda, of the house Bracamonte; hath his house in Penaranda, and his estate in old Castilla, his rents are eight thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Earle of Villa-longa, of the house of Fran­quesa; hath his house in Villa-longa, and his estate in old Castilla; his rents are sixe thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

The Earle of Villar, of the house of Torres, and Portugall: hath his house in Ia [...]n, and his estate in the same Prouince: his rents are nine thousand Duckets a yeare.

The Constables of Spayne.

• 1. THE Constable of Castilla, the Duke of Frias.
• 2. The Constable of Arragon, the Duke of Cardona.
• 3. The Constable of Nauarra, the Duke of Alba.
• 4. The Constable of Naples, Earle of Paliano.

The certainty of their meanes, in respect of their offices and priuiledges is not knowne and therefore cannot well bee truely determined; but they are thought to exceed the Admiralls in all respects both of Dignities, Priuiledges and reuenewes of their offices.

The Admiralls of Spayne.

THe Duke of Medina of Rioseco, Admirall of Castilla, his reuenewes of office are fiue and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

2. The brother to the Duke of Infantado, Bishop of [Page 31] Siguen [...]a, is Admirall of Aragon, his office is valued at eighteene thousand Duckats a yeare.

3 The Admirall of Valentia, his estate and reuenues by office are valued at sixteene thousand Duckets a yeare.

4 The Duke of Beraguas, Admirall of the Indies, his estate and reuenues by office are valued at twen­ty thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Lords Lieutenants or Presidents of Spayne, commonly called Adelantados.

1. THe Duke of Lerma and Zea Adelantado, or Lord Lieutenant of Castilla, his reuenues of office are worth sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

2. The Duke of Alcala-Adelantado of Andalusia, his office is valued at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Marques of Velez-Adelantado of Murcia, his office is worth seauen thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Cardinall and Arch bishop of Toledo-Ada­lantado of Cacorla, his reuenues are included in his Arch-Bishoppricke, as appertaining to the same.

The Adelantado of Galicia, his reuenues by office are sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

The Prince of Asculi, Adelantado of Canuria his place by office is valued at foure thousand Duckats a yeare.

Vicountes of Spayne and the value of their Lordships, of which they are Vicounts.

• OF Toriza, at foure thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Peralta, at foure thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Rosa, and Earle of Aranda, at sixe thousand Duc­kats a yeare.
• Of Sol, Vicount of Castros, at eight thousand Duc­kats a yeare.
• Of Disnajar, and Duke of Sesar, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

Archbishops and Bishops of Spayne, and their yearely Demeanes.

FIrst, the Infanto Don Ferdinando; third brother to the King of Spayne, is Cardinall of Toledo, Pri­mate and Metropolitane of all Spayne, and next vnto the Pope, thought to bee the greatest Prelate in all Christendome for wealth and Dignities: insomuch that his Reuenues are thought to bee worth not so little, as foure hundred thousand Duckets a yeere.

[Page 33] Don Alphonso, in his time of reigning did Con­quer Toledo, with the sword from the Moores, in the yeare 1083, and was the first King that established this A [...]ch-Bishoprick, in this great state and estate; and since his time, it hath beene much inriched by the large bounty of Kings and many Noble men of Spayne, insomuch that now besides the Primacie, and Chauncery of Castilla; it hath beene in great Credite and authority throughout all Europe, and is serued with foureteene Dignities and Channons, with Prebends: Fifty Portionists and other extra­ordinary Channons, besides Chaplaines, Priests, Clearks, Chaunters, and other Officers that haue stipends or fees, at the least sixe hundred. Besides it is exceeding rich in Plate.

• Of Sant-Iago, at fourescore thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Valentia at fifty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Granada, at seuen and twenty thousand Duc­kats a yeare.
• Of Burgos, at forty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Saragosa, at thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Taragona, at fiue and thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

Bishops within the Precincts and Iurisdiction of Toledo, Their yearely Reuenues.

THE Bishop of Guenca is worth in estate fifty thousand Duckats a yea [...]e.

• Of Siguenta, at fifty thousand Duckets a yeare.
• Of Osma, at thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Cordoba, at fourty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Iaen, at twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Segou [...]a, at sixe and twenty thousand Duckets a yeare.
• Of Auila, at foure and twenty thousand Duc­kats a yeare.

Of Seuill.

THe Bishop of Malaga, his estate is worth thirty thousand Duckats a yeere.

• Of Cadiz, at fifteene thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Canar [...]a, at twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

Of Granada.

THE Bishop of Almeria, is worth sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

• Of Guadix, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.

Of Valentia.

THe Bishop of Cartagena, is worth tenne thousand Duckets a yeare.

• Of Origuela, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Segorbe, at tenne thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Balbastro, at sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

Of Burgos.

THe Bishop of Caloborra, is worth twenty thou­sand Duckats a yeare.

• Of Palentia, at sixeteene thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Pamplona, at thirty thousand Duckats a yeare.

Bishops within the Precincts and Iurisdiction of San-Diago, Their yearely Reuenues.

THE Bishop of Coria, is worth foure and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.

• Of Astorga, at twelue thousand Duckets a yeare.
• Of Samora, at twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Salamanca, at twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Oriense, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Tuy, at foure thousand Duckets a yeare.
• Of Vadajoz, at sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Lugo, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Ciudad-Rodrigo, at twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.

Of Taragona.

THe Bishop of Lerida, is worth tenne thousand Duckats a yeere.

• [Page 37]Of Tortosa, at foureteene thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Barcelona, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Girona, at twelue thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Vrgel, at seuen thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Viqui, at fiue thousand Duckats a yeare.

Of Caragosa.

THe Bishop of Taragona, is worth sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

• Of Iaca, at eight thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Guesca, at ten thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Valuastro, at nine thousand Duckets a yeare.
• Of Albacarin, at sixe thousand Duckats a yeare.

These following are exempted and free of themselues.

THe Bishop of Leon, is worth fourteene thousand Duckets a yeare.

• Of Obiedo, foure and twenty thousand Duckats a yeare.
• Of Vallodelid, at foureteene thousand Duc­kets a yeare.

[Page 38]The Bishoppricke of Placentia although it fall vacant in the Popes moneth of Election, yet not withstanding it is at the Kings disposure: where yee are to note that the King of Spayne, and the Pope, doe diuide the yeare b [...]tweene them by Monethly course, for the donation of Bishoppricks and other Spirituall liuings: but yet this of all the rest is excepted to bee only in the Kings gift, al­though it happen to fall voyd in the Popes moneth.

Now vpon the election of any Bishop, either by the King or the Pope, the sayd Bishop must enter into bond to pay such yeerely pensions as hee shall be appointed by the King or the Pope, which of themsoeuer giue his Bishoppricke.

These Pensions doe most commonly amount vnto a third part of the Bishops yerely reuenues, and must bee payd to such persons as they shall thinke fitting to receiue the same.

These Pensioners must be apparrelled in blacke, and vnmarried, and so must continue: some of them are of Gentle birth, and education, and must [...]e well disposed to Pie [...]y, and Religion, vpon which appro­bation they are admitted.

Knights of the Noble Order of the Golden-Fleece.

PHilip, Duke of Burgundie, and Earle of Flaun­ders, was the first Institutor of this order, in the tenth yeare of his Dukedome, vpon an oath which he had taken to wage war with the Infi­dells of Siria, and to conquer Iury.

This said order had (for Patron and Protectour) Saint Andrew; and the remembrance of this Order was and is to bee solemnized for the space of three dayes together once euery yeare.

The first day of which solemnity the Knights of that order were to be apparelled with Scarlet, or red coloured Robes, in token that Heauen is purchased by effusion of blood and Martyrdome.

The second day they were to bee clothed in blacke, representing mourning for the defunct, which haue dyed in the warres.

The third day they were to be clad with White Vestures, in honour of the purity of the Virgine Mary.

[Page 40]These Knights (to shew that they are distingui­shed from other orders of Knighthood) doe weare a Chayne of Gold made after the fashion of Fuzells, with a Fleece Ramme, hanging at it.

The King of Spayne, is chiefe of this Order, as he is head of the house of Burgundie.

There are foure and twenty Knights in number of the said order, which are Princes of the most Noble families, in Burgundie, Spaine, Flaunders and Netherlands.

In Spaine, Charles the Kings Brother and the Duke of Alba, The Duke of Osuna, the Duke of Arcos, The Duke of Escalona, The Duke of Medina, Sidonia, The Duke of B [...]jar, the Duke of Cardona, and the Marques of Pescara and Bastos.

In Italy, Marques Spinola, and other noble Princes.

In Germanie, Diuerse of the house of Austria, and other Princes, as the Duke of Bauaria, and the Duke of Nubourke.

In Flaunders, the Duke of Ascott, and some others.

Knights of the Order of Saine Iames.

THe Master and chiefe of this Order, is the King of Spayne, as annexed to his Crowne, and hee [Page 41] is the onely perpetuall Gouernour and administra­tor of the same order.

The originall cause of the institution of this Order, was, to secure those which went in Pilgri­mage to Santiago in Galicia, who in former times had beene much oppressed and molested by the Moores. Also the Nobility of Spayne, did ioyne with the Monkes of Saint Augustine, for the esta­blishing of that Order: and they did get it Confir­med by Pope Alexander, Anno. 1175. The principall agent for the obteining of this Confirmation was Pedro Fernandes de Puente O Fuente Calada, who after­wards was Master of the said Order.

This order hath ninety foure Lord-ships, or Dig­nities belonging to it of different reueneues, but in all they are worth three hundred thousand Duckets a yeare.

These Dignities are bestowed (vpon certaine Knights of the said Order) (by the King) accor­ding to his fauour, and their desertes.

The Patron of this Order is Santiago, and they are gouerned by the rule of Saint Augustine.

The badge by which the Knights of this Order are knowne, is a Crosse made of red Veluet in the fashion of a sword.

When any Knight of this Order, is Enstalled, it is performed with great solemnity; the Master of the Order, inuesting him with a white Robe (or his deputy in his absence) and giuing vnto him a Sword, the rest of the Knights alwayes giuing their attendance at the performance of such actes.

[Page 42]This is done at some Church or religious House, belonging to the Patron of the same Order.

These Knights (in case of necessity) are bound to serue their King in the Warres seuen yeares, vp­on his Maiesties commaund, and so are the Knights of all other Orders.

Knights of the Order of Calatraua.

OF this Order his Maiesty of Spayne is head, as he is of the Order aforesaid.

To this Order, doe belong fifty Lordships or dignities: but in regard some of them are but of small alowance, two of them are ioyned together, so that now they are bestowed but vpon fiue and thirty persons: the yearely reuenewes of all doe a­mount vnto a hundred and twenty thousand Duc­kets a yeare; and they obserue the rule of Saint Benedict as their Patron. This order had its begin­ning, Anno, 1158 in the time of the King Don San­cho the desired.

The badge whereby these Knights are knowen, is a red Crosse with a wauing or cheuerne circle about it.

Knights of the Order of Alcantara.

THE King is likewise Master of this Order and vnto it are belonging eight and fifty Lord­shippes and Dignities: but because some of them are vnited two in one, there are but one and fourty of them: they are worth a hundred thousand Duc­kats a yeere: and they doe also obserue the Order of Saint Benedict as their Patron.

This Order had its beginning in the yeare, 1212. When the King of Leon, did win the City of Alcan­tara, from the Moores, he gaue it to the Knights of this Order to defend the same.

This Order had its adoption or filiation from that of Calatraua, but since they were exempt from it by a Bull, from Po [...]e Iulio the second.

The badge whereby these Knights are distin­guished from them of Calatraua, is, in that these weare a greene Crosse in fashion, but not in colour like to that of Calatraua, because that is red.

His Maiesty of Spayne, is perpetuall administra­tour of these three aforesaid Orders. Now the be­nefit of these three Mastershipps of the aforesaid Orders, the King often lets them to the Fucares, (the great Marchants of Spayne,) for three hundred thousand Duckats a yeare, which goes into his [Page 44] owne purse. Moreouer, these said Fucares, are to pay vnto those which are professed Knights of these Orders and haue no dignity, to each of them twelue thousand Marauedis yearely, to buy them bread and water. This authority is confirmed to the King by the Popes Apostolicall Bull.

Knights of the Order of Christ

THe King himselfe and the Duke of Beragansa, are the Chiefe heads of this Order, vnto which belong fourteene Lordships or Dignities, by estimation worth foure and twenty thousand Duc­kats a yeare and more.

This order had its beginning in the yeare 1320. and was both approoued of, and established by the authority of Pope Iohns Bull, and in the yeare 1323. the demeanes and reuenues thereof were increased and bettered by the King Don Manuel.

The Knights of this Order, doe acknowledge onely Christ, to be their supreame Patron and Pro­tector: but vnder him the Pope, and the King as his Vicegerent.

The Badge these Knights weare, is a red Crosse, with a white line, drawne through the middle of both parts of it.

Knights of the Order of Mon­tesa in Valentia.

THE Chiefe of this Order, is the Marques of Nauarres: and vnto this Order belong thirteene Lordships or Dignities, which are estimated to be worth twenty thousand Duckats a yeare. This Order is much decayed in respect of what it hath beene: thy follow the rule of Saint Benedict, and it was confirmed by Pope Benedict the thirteenth.

Knights of the Order of Saint Iohn.

THe Chiefe of this Order, is the great Master of the Iland of Malta, and the Knights of this Or­der haue for their Reuenues (with the Priorates) eight hundred thousand Duckats a yeare, in de­meanes vnto them apperteining, their Lordshipps are, 134.

A Scedule of the Offices of which the King of Spayne allowes his Priuie Counsell to dispose of, as in their owne Donation.

• THE Viceroy of Naples.
• The Viceroy of Sicilia.
• The Viceroy of Arragon.
• The Viceroy of Valentia.
• The Viceroy of Portugall.
• The Viceroy of Nauarra.
• The Viceroy of Sardinia.
• The Viceroy of Peru.
• The Viceroy of Mexico.
• The Viceroy of the East Indies.
• The viceroy of Catalunia.
• Generalissimo of the Sea.
• Generall of the Gallies of Naples.
• Generall of the Gallies of Genoua.
• Generall of the Horse of Spayne.
• Generall of the Artillery of Spayne.
• Generall of the Horse of Flaunders.
• [Page 47]Generall of the Artillery of Flaunders.
• Generall of the Horse of Millan.
• Generall of the Hombres, or Men at Armes of Millan
• Generall of the plate Galleones.
• Generall of the Fleetes.
• Admirall of the Fleets.
• Generall of the gallies of Sicilie.
• Generall of the gallies of Portugall.
• Generall of the gallies of Catalunia.
• Campmaster generall of Spayne.
• Campmaster generall of Flaunders.
• Campmaster generall of Portugall.
• Gouernour of Millain, with the title of Ge­neralissimo.
• Gouernour of Galicia, with the title of Ge­nerall.
• Generall of the forces of the lower Pala­tinate.
• Gouernour of Oran, in Affrick.
• Gouernour of Alarache.
• Gouernour of Mammora.
• Gouernour of Brasi [...]l.

Gouernours of diuers places in the East and West Indies, and Ilands, in the Ocean and [Page 84] Mediterranean Sea, and other Frontiers in Barbarie.

Gouernours of the strong Castles of the Spaniards in Flaunders viz. Antwerp, Gaunt, and Cambray, with diuers other petty go­uernments throughout the King of Spayne his Dominions.

Embassadours.

THe King of Spayne his Embassadour at Rome.

• The Embassadour in Germany.
• The Embassadour in England.
• The Embassadour in Fraunce.
• The Embassadour in Flaunders.
• The Embassadour in Venice.
• The Embassadour in Genoua.
• The Embassadour in Sauoy.
• The Embassadour in Florence.

Besides these Embassadours hee hath diuers others Agents in Germany, and elsewhere.

Also the Councell haue the choosing of Spia Maior, or grand Spie, which is a place of Dignitie in Spayne.

[Page 49]All these places and offices of worth, Dignity, and eminence, are (by the Kings permission) in the power and donation, (vpon Consultation) of the Councell of State: but the rest which doe not principally concerne the State, they are referred to the Councell of Warre, to the Councell of Italy, the Councell of the Indies, the Councel of Portugall, the Councell of Nauarre, the Councell of Arragon, the Councell of Galicia, which are all depending on the Councell of State.

There are certaine other Councels, which are not subordinate to the Councell of State, but are absolutely subsisting of themselues, by vertue of their owne authority, as

First, the Councell of Inquisition. The President of which is called the grand Inquisitor, and most commonly is the Kings Confessor, and by his or­der a Dominican Friar.

This Councell is rather superior then inferiour, to the Councell of State for they determine mat­ters of themselues (Concerning matters of Reli­gion) without imploring the assistance of the Kings prerogatiue) only acknowledging the Popes supre­macie as Christs Vicar-generall.

Next vnto this is the Councell royall of Castilla, on Court Royall of Iustice: The President of which Court in many respects (as the equity of Causes requires) is equall with the King.

He hath continuall insight, into the gouernment of Spayne, and hath full power and authority in him­selfe to rectifie and reforme by Iustitiary correcti­on, any delinquent that shall transgresse against the [Page 50] lawes of the Kingdome.

Moreouer if any Magistrate, or any others that beare office in the Kingdome (vpon Complaint made vnto him, and sent for by vertue of his war­rant) bee found faulty in the administration of Iu­stice; it is in his power to punish the Magistrate, or Officer according to his delict and offence in that behalfe.

There are subordinate to this Counsell, the Chaunceries of Valladolid and Granada, and the Audi­ [...]ncia, or Court of Iustice in Seuill: and moreouer it hath the ordination of threescore and odde Corrigi­dores, or gouernours of Prouinces, Cities, and Townes in Spayne. In a word, it is a Councell of the greatest priuiledge and authority in Spayne, and therefore the King preferres none to bee President of that Councell, but such a one as he is well assured of his Loyall allegiance to himselfe; and his fide­lity and vprightnesse of Conscience in the Admi­nistration of Iustice, for the good and tranquillity of his Common weale.

The next is the Councell of Camera, or the Kings Priuie-Chamber, which Councell by the Kings speciall direction and licence withall, haue the pri­uiledge to dispose of, and bestow all Church­liuings, which are in the Kings gift, as Arch-Bishop­ricks, Bishopricks, Denaries, Rectories, &c. The King himselfe hauing the same authority from the Pope of Rome.

Also the Councell of Orders, which doe onely treate of the seuerall orders of Knighthood, and their Priuiledges, and likewise haue power and au­thority [Page 51] to question and decide Controuersies, if there bee any such occurrences betweene the said Knights of Orders.

Next is the Councell of Hacienda, commonly called the Kings Exchequer.

Next the Councell of accompts, which doe onely meddle with the Kings R [...]uenues, Rents, and Subsidies.

Also the Councell of Crusada, commonly called the Popes Bull, by vertue of authority whereof, in the Popes name the King of Spayne, do [...]h yearely send out a priuiledge throughout his kingdome of Spayne, that the inhabitants therein from the age of seauen yeares to threescore, shall haue free leaue and liberty to eate grossura, that is grosse meates, viz. liuers, lights, necks, and such like partes of any kinde of flesh; on Saterdayes all the yeare long, and like­wise Whitemeates in Lent, as butter, Cheese, Milke, Egges, and the like; and vpon all fasting dayes throughout the yeare: Also by vertue of the said Bull they obteine diuerse Pardons, Indulgences, [...]nd grace [...] from the Pope, for one whole yeare: and so from yeare to yeare: paying for the same dispen­sation yearely to the King, one shilling in siluer: all this the Pope giues to the King, as an extraordi­nary token of his louing fauour to him: the summe in all amounting to aboue two Millions of Duckats a yeare. All this the aforesaid Councell doth or­der; and receiue the sayd Moneys from the Col­lectors thereof to the Kings vse.

Lastly, the Councell of Descargos called the Councell of discharge, doth at the death of any [Page 52] King of Spayne, treate of the Kings debts (if hee oweth any) and likewise, they doe take care to see the last Will and Testament of the said deceased King performed.

Priuiledges of some of the Nobility of Spayne.

THe Duke of Igar, doth euery New-yeares day dine with the King, by vertue of his priuiledge graunted to that Posterity, by the former Kings of Castilla; as a requitall of their good seruice done in the Warres against the Moores: and likewise hee is to haue the same sute of apparrell that the King weares the same day.

The Duke of Arcos, is to haue the same sute the King weares vpon our Lady day in September, al­though he be not that day at the Court.

The Marques of Villena, is to haue the Cup the King drinkes in euery twelfe day, if he be then at Court.

The Countesse of Cabra, as customary and by right of priuiledge due vnto her, is to haue yearely the same apparell that the Queene weares vpon Easter day: Thirty foure Marauedis, makes Sixe­pen [...] English. or else fifty thousand Marauedis in lue of it.

The Countesse of Palma, hath the same priuiledge vpon our Lady day in September.

The Earle of Oropesa, by his place is to beare the [Page 53] Kings naked sword before him throughout all the Kingdome of Castilla, vpon occasion of Parllaments, publique actes or meetings: and in the Kingdome of Arragon, the Earle of Sastago enioyes the same priuiledge: but in their absence, the Master of the Kings Horse is to performe the same office.

Amongst the Grandes of Spayne, Next vnto the President of Castilla, who takes his place alwayes next to the King. there is no pre­cedency of place in publique actes, but only the Constable of Spayne is to haue the first place, and next vnto him the Admirall, and the rest (accor­ding to our English Prouerbe) first come, first serued.

The Admirall of Castilla, (when he hath any oc­casion to goe to the Councell Royall) hath his sword by his side; which is not lawfull for any of the Grandes to doe besides himselfe, and the Presi­dent of the said Councell placeth him on his left hand.

The Duke of Medina-Coeli, his priuiledge is euery yeare vpon Twelfe day to petition to the King by way of clayming right and title to the Kingdome of Castilla, as heire apparant to the same, which his Maiestie gratiously receiues, and giues answere in these words, Wee heare you: and so referres it to the Councell Royall of Castilla, where it rests with­out any further proceedings.

The libertyes of the Prouince of Biscaj, haue this priuiledge that when the King in progresse, or vpon any other occasion commeth into the same, he is to haue one foote bare, and his only stile of that Pro­uince is Lord of Biscaj, and not King.

Likewise the Nobility and Gentry, of the said [Page 54] Prouince, are not to be a [...]tainted nor attached vpon any crime, or default, but by vertue of a warrant vn­der his Maiesties owne hand.

The Priuiledges of the Constables of Spayne are these.

IF in former times there happened any difference betwixt party and party, either concerning Reli­gion, or Publique affaires, the parties at Controuersie were to try themselues in the cause by dint of Sword (the King himselfe being present) and the Constable was only to bee Iudge in the cause, as it happened in Seuill, in the time of the Catholicke King Ferdinando and Elizabeth his Queene, betwixt two in Combate: of which Don Ferdinandes of Vellasco was Iudge.

Also when there is any open warre in Spayne, and that the King giues battaile, the Constable in his owne person is to bee in the for front of the armie, and to lead them in the field, and vpon a retreat hee is to bring off the reare, although in former times the Lords of Biscaj had the same place: and after them the Masters of Santiago, bu [...] now it only and properly belongs to the Constables of Spayne.

Moreouer the Constable in time of Warre is to quarter the armie for their lodging, and likewise to prize the victualls for the Campe; for assistance wherein hee is to appoint certaine Marshalls and [Page 55] other officers to see the same performed.

Also all Proclamations doe issue foorth in the name of the King and his Constable, which priui­ledge none of the Nobility haue but himselfe.

Also the said Constable in time of Warre hath his Kings at Armes, Heraulds, and Sargeans at Armes; and he himselfe may weare an Estoque or Tucke, which none else weare but the King: and for his fee he is to haue one dayes pay in a Moneth throughout the whole Armie of Souldiers: and this Money is payd by the King out of his owne purse, and not by the Souldiers.

Also▪ the Constable although hee bee neither Duke nor Earle, yet he may weare a Coronet in his Scutcheon of armes, by vertue of the priuiledge of his place.

Lastly, Which none hath but himselfe. Oliuares the Kings Fauourite hath this by right of priuiledge from the King, that if any of his Maiesties seruants haue any occasion to speake with him, they must kneele; and most commonly they haue accesse to him as hee lyeth in his bedde.

The Order which the King obserues in his Chappell, and the Gouernement thereof.

NOne are to sit with their Hatts on in the Kings Chappell but Grandes, Bishops, Embassa­dours of Kings: and of Sauoy and Venice; together with the Chaplaines of Honour, and his Maiesties Preachers.

At the right hand of the High-Altar, there is a Bench couered with Carpets, standing close to the wall, which affronts the body of the Church, vpon which forme or bench the Bishops haue their places when they are present at Seruice.

Neere vnto the Altar (on the same side) is placed a faire Cannopie with Curtaines, in which the Kings Chayre is set, hauing a short forme or stoole before him, with a Cusheon to leane vpon, as also vpon the ground to kneele vpon, but first there is a Carpet spread vpon the ground, which are all suta­ble to the colour, of the colour of the Altar, vnlesse the King mourneth.

Next to the Kings curtaine is set a stoole couered with Veluet, whereon the Lord high Steward of the Kings house sits, (with his hat on) although he be no Grande: and behind him doe stand two archers of the Guard.

[Page 57]A little lower on the same side is a long bench couered with veluet or tapestrie for the Grandes to sit vpon.

On the left hand of the High-Altar standeth a Cathedrall chayre for the Kings chiefe Chaplayne, which chayre also serues for [...]he Bishopps (which celebrate Masse) to be inuested in.

Right ouer against the Kings feate is a rich chayre of State, placed for the Popes Nuncio if hee be a Cardinall: if he be none then either Cardinall Sapata, or Cardinall Spinola, possesse that place being present.

Next vnto this is a long forme couered with veluet for the Popes Nu [...]tio, (if he be not a Cardinall) and the Embassadours from other Countreys, and before them is set another forme couered with veluet for them to leane vpon when they kneele.

Below this are two long formes standing one before another, and reaching almost to the end of the Chappell; and these are also couered with vel­uet for the Chaplaines of Honour to sit vpon with their Surplesses, and the Kings Preachers to sit vp­on with their heads couered.

Behind these formes next to the wall stand the Nobility (which are not Grandes) and Gentry with their heads vncouered, amongst whom do stand the reteiners to the Embassadours.

Neere vnto the Kings Canopie, doe stand two Deanes of the Chappell, and Masters of Ceremo­nies; who are to giue notice to the Dignity that ce­lebrates Masse; to carry the Gospell and Pax to the King to kisse, which when they are brought, the [Page 58] curtaines are drawne: and before the Dignitie (which bringeth these to the King) doe walke foure Stewards or Controulers, with their staues in their hands, and so conducting him in the same maner to the Altar againe, returne to their places behinde the Embassadours where they stand.

The King doeth oftentimes giue way to his Brother to sit with him vnder the Canopie: and also to some one of the Bloud-Royall, who is neere allied vnto him to sit in a backe chayre behind his: who also hath the honour of kissing the Gospell and Pax, with the King and his brother.

At the lower end of the Chappell [...]ight against the High-Altar are foure tribunalls or casements one aboue another in order.

In the lowest the Queene sits to heare Masse be­ing accompanied with her children, Infantes of Spayne, the Ladies of Honour, and others her atten­dants.

This her Casement or Tribunall is made so close that shee may see, and yet not bee seene as shee sits in it.

In the second Tribunall next aboue the Queenes, made in forme and fashion like to the first, there are certaine formes on which the Nobility and Gentry take their places, where they may sit coue­red, because it is not accounted as part of the Chappell.

In the other two aboue these, doe sit the Ladies and others of the Queenes seruants, where also strange Ladies and Gentlewomen, which come to heare Masse may take their places.

[Page 59]There is no passage to the two vppermost Tribu­nalls, but through the Queenes quarter.

Yearely vpon Twelfe day (in Memoriall of the three Kings of the East) the King offers at the High-Altar, three siluer Challices gilt with gold: of which one is dedicated to the Escuriall, the second remaines in the Chappell, and the third is giuen to some poore Parish Church at his Maiesties pleasure and direction.

Likewise it is a Custome in Spayne, for the King after the first yeare of his Coronation, yearely to offer at the High-Altar so many Crownes as he is yeares old, which money is distributed to the poore by his Maiesties Almesmoner.

When the King goes to the Chappell, his guard of Spaniardes, and Germanes▪ with their Holberts in their hands do make a Guard for his person, from the Presence to the Chappell: the Spaniards taking the right hand file as the King goes to the Chap­pell, and the Germanes at his returne backe.

Now for his order of going to the Chappell, first goe the Deanes of the Chappell, and Masters of the Ceremonies: next vnto them the Gentrey of the Court: then the titulars, and after them the stewards and Controwlers with staues in their hands, next againe vnto them goe the Grandes two and two together, then next (if there be any) some of the bloud Royall, then the King and his Brother, or if his brother be absent, and a Cardinall present, hee goes on his left hand. Now in order follow the Popes Nuntio, and the Embassadours: and [Page 60] after them the Master of the Horse, the Lord high Steward, and Captaine of the Guard: and last of all the Guard of Archers, or pentioners, follow with­out obseruing any order.

In the same manner likewise the King commeth from the Chappell, only the King (as hee comes out) hath his hat in his hand, till hee commeth to the middest of the Chappell, and then puts it on: which done stepping two paces forward, speakes to those of the bloud Royall (immediately going before him) to be couered, and going forward two paces more, turnes about and biddeth the Embas­sadours be couered, so going to the Chappell doore beckens to the next Grande vnto him, to be coue­red; which Grande beeing obseruant with low obeysance puts on his hatt, and after him all the rest of the Grandees. And so the King goes to Dinner.

The State of the King, and Queene, at Meales.

ALwayes at Festiuall times they vse to Dine in publicke.

First, for the Queenes Seruice, her Table is pla­ced at the vpper end of the presence, the place be­ing a Boarded ascent a foote higher, then the other part of the floore; and ouer the Table hangs a rich Cannopie of State.

[Page 61]This Table is couered with a Carpet, vpon which a Cloath is layd, and vpon this a Leather Carpet, and also a Cloath vpon that: at the vpper end of the Table a seruice is layd for her Maiestie, vpon the first napkin are two loaues set, one white, and another somewhat courser, which most Com­monly she eates of.

These two loaues are couered with a napkin, and a Plate dish vpon that, and then all is againe coue­red with a wrought Tablecloath of needleworke, her Meate is brought vp in this manner;

First, goe before three Corporalls of the three Guards of the Spaniards, Germanes and Burgun­dians: after them two Seargeants at Armes, with their Mases of siluer, and gilt, in which are ingraued the Armes of Castilla and Leon: next vnto them goe foure Stewards or Controulers with staues in their hands, and then the Lord High-Steward with his hatt on; now the first course is brought vp by the Guard, and being brought to the Queenes Table the Lord High-Steward placeth it thereon: which done the Queene commeth out herselfe, and sitting downe one of the Chaplaines sayes grace, and heereupon there is accesse graunted to all stran­gers into the presence, to see her dine, whilest shee is at dinner there are three Ladies of Honour atten­ding vpon her person, as they all doe in their dayly courses.

One of these Ladies vncouering of the meate dishes, deliuers them to a second, who presents them to the Queene, and if the Queene bee silent thereat, the second Layd deliuers the dish of Meate [Page 62] (and so one after another in due order) vnto the third who carues thereof to the Queene, and so giues it to a Minino a Noblemans sonne, though some­what lesse in person, yet in degree aboue the Pages, who carrieth away the same out of the Presence, which first and second dishes are most commonly for the Chaplaine of Honour, who doeth weekely waite in his turne.

These Ladies are richly attired, with towells vpon their shoulders. Now if the Lady aforesaid presenteth a dish of meate to her Maiestie, which she doeth not desire to eate of, shee lifteth vp her head, in token she likes it not, and thereupon it is taken away.

For euery dish of meate that the Queene doth taste of, she hath a cleane trencher and napkin deli­uered vnto her: and the number of dishes doth not exceede aboue twenty vpon a feastiuall day.

When her Maiestie hath any desire to drinke, she beckeneth with her head to one of the three Ladies then attending, who (vnderstanding her meaning by the signe) beckens to one of the Mininos to goe for it: who presently goes, being conducted by one of the Controulers, or Stewards, to the presence doore, where hee departs from him; and then a Yeoman-vsher attends him to the Plate-cubboard, where he takes a Glasse or Cup of Water, (with a bearing plate whereon it stands) and returnes backe to the aforesaid Lady in the same maner that hee went from her; and then the Lady and he doe both kneele downe to the Queene; and the Lady taking the bearing plate and Cup in her right hand, and [Page 63] vncouering the Cup with her two middle fingers of her left hand: and the bearing plate with her fore­finger and thumbe of the same hand, holds the Cup or Glasse still in her right hand, powring foorth a little water out of the Cup into the bearing plate; which she doth taste of, and then presents it to the Que [...]ne, who drinkes thereof which done the Lady with due obey san [...] rising, takes the Cup from the Queene, couering it in the same manner as before she did vncouer it, and she so d [...]liuereth it to the Mi­nino, who carrieth it backe in the same manner hee brought it.

The second Course is brought in as the first; with which when the Queene hath ended, her fruite and banquet is in like manner serued in by the Mi­ninos, who deliuer it into the Ladies hands to place vpon the Table, of which when the Queene hath with content tasted, the Mininos take it away.

Then the Ladies and Mininos take away all but the first cloth that was layed, and then a Bason and Ewre is brought by one of the Ladies, who powreth out the water while the Queene washeth, and one of the Grandes attending with a Towell, doth cast one end of it to the Queene, and so departes, and thus Dinner being ended, all depart to their owne repasts, or Dinners.

But we must note that all the while the Queene is at Dinner all the Grandes (then present) do stand couered with their backes against the wall, and so doe the Ladies on the other side, which doe not for the present attend the Queenes person, each Lord in [Page 64] the meane time courting and conferring with his beloued Ladies: and likewise the Ladies with their affected Lords; and so the Ladies that waite, doe sometimes take occasion to greet and salute their louers, whom they intend to make their Lords and Husbands.

Now all this while Drummes are beating, Trumpets Sounding, and lowd Musicke playing be­low in the great Court.

The King is serued in the same manner of State, Ladies attendants only excepted, in whose place the Gentiles hombres de La Boca, or Gentlemen-tasters, doe performe their offices: but if the King and Queene dine together then the attendants waite on both sides.

The order and manner of the Kings and Queenes, going abroad in their Coach.

FIrst a little before they goe to their Coach, the Drummes beate and Trumpets sound to giue notice to the Nobility, and Gentrey at Court, to be ready with their attendance, then not long after the King and Queene goe to their Coach in this manner.

The Queene goes on the Kings right hand, and before them go the Groomes of his Maiesties Bed­chamber, and the Gentiles hombres de la Boca, or tasters to the King, with the Stewards, Controu­lers, and the rest of the officers of his Maiesties House-hold with the Mininoes and Pages.

After them, next follow the Lord and Lady hie Chamberlaines, and the Ladies and Maides of Ho­nour, and at their going into the Coach, one of the Quirries puts down the Boote, & then going to the Coach side, the King himselfe armes the Queene into the Coach, and placeth her on his right hand; and after going in himselfe, is helped in by the Chiefe Sumillier du Corpes, Gentleman, or Squire of his body. Sometimes the Kings Brothers & Sisters [Page 64] [...] [Page 65] [...] [Page 66] (being present) and the Kings chiefe Fauourite doe ride in the Coach with them: and the boote of the Kings Coach being put vp againe by one of the Quirries: They which before did attend the King and Queene (going into their Coach) take another Coach by themselues and ride next before the King; and after the Kings Coach, doth ride the Ladie High-Chamberlaine, and other Ladies, and Maides of Honour in other Coaches, those Noble­men which are the best beloued friends affording them their willing and ready assi [...]ance vpon such occasions, which at other times is not vsuall with them, neither permitted: After they are all setled in their Coaches, this order is obserued.

First, rides the Captaine of the Guard, with a truncheon in his hand and often without his cloake.

Then follow the two Guardes of Spaniards and Germanes, after them the Stewards, and Masters of the Horse in their Coaches: and next to them the Kings Coach with sixe Horses, and his footemen on both sides; and his Pages with their hats in their hands, en querpo or without cloakes next to the Boote of the Coach of each side: and oftentimes with their hands vpon the same.

After the Kings Coach ride some of the Mini­noes on Horsebacke without Cloakes also, some two of them each carrying a piece of Taffata for the Kings hat, and some things of the Queenes.

After these follow the Lady Chamberlaines and other Coaches of Ladies, with their Guardians or Keepers (which are old men on horseback by them) and so the rest of the attendants as they follow.

The Manner of the Kings Riding foorth on Horsebacke, to any Publicke Actes, Meetings and Assemblies.

FIrst, warning giuen of his going abroad as be­fore, his horse is brought from his stable to the Court gate in this manner.

First of all before the Horse, goe all the Masters, Groomes, Lackies and other officers of the Stable on foote, and vncouered, in number about a hundred persons.

Next is the Kings horse led by a lackie, and on each side two Quirries bare headed.

After the horse next followes the Master of the Kings horse, well mounted, and hauing his head couered: and after him followeth his Lieutenant with his hatt off, and then the three Guardes, of Spaniards, Germanes, and Burgundians.

When his Maiestie is on horsebacke he goeth out of the Court in this manner.

Formost of the company goe all the subordinate or inferiour officers on foote, and vncouered; and if it bee to any Feasts (as Iuego de Zor [...]s and Iuego de Cauias, Viz: Wild Bulls. as the baiting of Bulls, and dar [...]ing of reeds (on horseback) there ride before him Trumpeters and Drummers, with kettle drums vpon Mules.

[Page 68]At such times and vpon such occasions the Queene rides abroad with him: both of them being royally a [...]tended with the P [...]es and Gentrey be­longing to the Court.

But if hee goeth to any other Publicke meetings, then attend vpon him all the Gentlemen of his House and Court.

There are other houses of Pa [...] ­ [...]ament viz, Arragon, Por­tugall, Valen­tia and Cata­lunia, &c. The Magist [...]e of the Town [...] [...]th [...]ll the Titu­lars, Burgesses of Parliament▪ (w [...]i [...] in Castilla, are but sixe and thirty) Kings at Armes, Mace-bearers, with the Armes of Castilla and Leon: the Lords Stewards or Controulers, next after all these the Lord-high-steward with his Ensignes: next to him the Earle of Aropesa ▪ (who still beares the naked sword before the King) last of all follow the Gran­des accompanying his Maiestie, his Querries going along by his stirrope vncouered.

After the King, rides the Master of the Horse, then next the Councell royall of Castilla, and if there are any more Councells (then present) they ride before amongst them of the Nobility, according to their places.

Also at this time two of the Guards, viz. the Spa­nish and Germans, do walke with their [...]alberts on both sides of the Kings Coach, and the Guard of Burgundians on Horsebacke with [...]hei [...] Petternels.

When the King goeth not to any of these P [...]b­licke actes or meetings, he rides more priuately and lesse attended.

A SCEDVLE OF THE Parish-Churches, and Mo­nasteries of Friars, in MADRID.

• SAint Maries the prime Church.
• Saint Saluador.
• Saint Iohns.
• Saint Nicholas.
• Saint Michell.
• Saint Iuste.
• Saint Fines.
• Saint Lewis Chappell of ease to Saint Fines.
• Saint Martins a Parish and Conuenticle of Benedictine Friars.
• Saint Placedo a Chappell of ease to it.
• Santa Cruza.
• Saint Seb [...]stians
• [Page 70]Saint Andrewes.
• The Parish of the Passion, Chappell of ease to the same.
• Saint Peter.

The Conuenticles of Friars, or Monasteries.

• SAint Ierems.
• Saint Bernards.
• Saint Martines.
• Saint Nonuerto.
• Our Ladies of Atochia.
• Saint Thomas his Colledge.
• The Colledge of Donia Maria of Arra­gon.
• The Colledge of the Iesuites, Casa Professa of the Iesuites.
• The Nouiciade of the Iesuites.
• The Monastery of Saint Philip.
• The Monastery of Saint Frauncis.
• The Caputchins.
  • [Page 71] Sandiego.
  • De Mercede.
  • Santa Barbara.
  • The Recolets.
• The Carmen which goe not barefooted.
• The Carmen which goe barefooted.
• Saint Basil.
• The Holy-Trinity.
• The Recolett Trinitarians.
• The Victoria.

Besides diuers Chappels or Cells, and almost as many Monasteries of Nunnes.

Certaine other speciall briefe Obser­uations concerning the King and state of Spayne.

FIrst the King of Spayne, (for his Priuacie and secret ouerseeing the Councell, and hearing of their particular Allegations, Determinations, and Censures, concerning matters in causes brought and discussed before them) hath his priuate Window where he may see and heare, yet neither be seene nor heard, the cause of which first inuention was imagi­ned, and likely to be in the King for the vpright [Page 72] administration of Iustice.

Also his Maiestie reserueth two dayes in the weeke, to receiue petitions with his owne hands, from the petitioners in his chamber of presence: and on those dayes any one may more freely haue accesse to his royall person then to his fauorite.

Also there are petitions to bee deliuered to the Councell of state, which are not first deliuered to the King: but receiued by the Secretary of State, and so read to the Councell to consider of: but if any petitions concern a weighty cause, appealing to the Kings examination and censure, then the Coun­cell make referment therof to his Maiestie, who cal­leth vnto himself foure more (with his fauourite) & so giue satisfaction to the petitioners as the equity of their causes requireth. Now the Councell them­selues seldome giue an absolute deniall to any peti­tioners but hold them in suspence with demurres and procrastinations.

The Kings audience to Embassadours.

VVHen any Embassadour commeth with an Embassage to the King of Spayne, hee is brought to the Court by some Noblemen, (as it shall please the King to giue direction) and so to haue accesse to his presence where he sits in his Chayre of State, and his Grandes only standing on [Page 73] both sides of him: now vpon the deliuery of the Embassage and the Kings approbation thereof, his Maiestie graceth the Embassadour with a seate neere himselfe, or some such like not ordinary fa­uour. Now the consideration of the Embassage is referred to the Councell of State, or to such a­mongst them as his Maiestie shalbe pleased to no­minate and appoint, and vpon his dispatch, the king gratifies him either with a Chayne of Gold, or some such like free gift.

The demeanour of the Spaniards in these Times.

THese generally are of an apt and quicke appre­hension, soone comming to maturity of pol­licie: their allegiance to their King is faithfull; are sober and vigillant, but miserable and couerous: yet both temperate and hardie in time of warre.

They desire much to be curiously apparelled in blacke, and their chiefest delights for recreation and pleasure are feates of Armes and Horses for seruice.

They vse often to stand much vpon and boast more of their Gentilitie, and Pedegree, otherwayes very ciuill in their Conuersation.

They in no wise affect a Countrey life, but are much addicted to Courtlike re [...]idency and habita­tion.

[Page 74]Also they are full fraught with Complementall Verbositie:

They hate Duells, but often vse priuate quar­relling in the st [...]eets, and are much giuen to suddaine desperate stabbing: as also to Venery and Wo­men.

Nothing is more fearefull to them then the terror of the Inquisition, and nothing almost more desired by them then a King of a blacke com­plexion.

Their Women are sober, and of a decent pro­portion, but of a swarthie complection: amiable, and louing to their husbands, and kinde to their friends, in doing good vnto them, according to their a­bility.

They are stately in carriage, and much addicted to painting and perfuming of themselues.

Neither they, nor their children, drinke any wine, but water.

The purest and best language is in Castilla, which comes very neere to the Latine.

They of the Prouince of Biscaj, doe still retaine their old accustomed language or speech: so doth Portugall, Galisia and Catalunia.

The Language of the Kingdome of Seuill, Murcia, Valentia, and Granada are much corrupted with the Atabian, and Moriscos speech, but chiefely, by the common sort

The King of Spaynes reuenues, and his Forces at Sea, and on Land.

THe King of Spayne, his reuenues (within his Dominions) are esteemed to be no lesse worth then twenty Millions of Duckats a yeare: but in re­gard of the long continuance of Warre in Flaunders, (which since the beginning thereof hath cost the King more then threescore Millions) and the con­tinuall charge he is at of Garrisons in Affrica, besides his Sea forces and sundry great enterprizes, hee is much impouerished and indebted: for hee oweth aboue twenty Millions of Duckats to the Genouesses, besides diuers other seuerall ingagements, for which he payeth yearely interest: so that most commonly hee is so much behind hand as the full value of his Plate-fleete comes to, if it returne safe home to him, now the Kings part of that fleete commeth not to aboue seuen Millions, or thereabouts, the rest be­ing the Merchants, amounting to so much as the Kings Share or rather more.

The Kings part is most commonly transported for payment of his debts to Genoua, so soone as it is brought home.

His reuenues of estate doth more consist of Cu­stomes [Page 76] and taxes, then Crowne land or proper meanes of his owne.

The taxes and impos [...]s, are more heauy leuied vp­on Castilla, then any other part of his Dominions, and some Prouinces are free by right of priuiledge, as Biscay, Valentia, Arragon and Catalunia.

In Portugall the King hath giuen (for tearme of some liues) most part of his reuenues to reteine their fidelity to his Crowne.

For the Kingdome of Naples, the King doeth yearely giue vnto the Pope on good Friday (for his absolution from excommunication (on the same day) which is Customarie) a Iennet (most common­ly of Colour white) which is taught to kneele downe, and the same Ienner in the same manner vp­on the said day is presented to the Pope with a purse of gold about his necke: which the Pope ac­cepts as a token of his Maiesties. Fealty to his holy­nesse: but the King of Fraunce doth not acknow­ledge any such matter, but do [...]h lay clayme to the Kingdome of Naples, as heredi [...]ary to his Crowne.

This Kingdome of Naples for wealth (in respect of the continent do [...]h exceede most Kingdomes of Christendome. For this Kingdome with Sicilie, Millane, Sardinia, Majorca, Minorca, [...]launders and Bur­gundie doe yeeld the King aboue eight Millions a yeare, none of which is put into the Kings Cofers except a little from Naples and Sicilie [...] the rest and more is disbursed for the maintenance of his Vice­roys, Gouernours, Captaine [...], Garrisons, Officers, and other charges in th [...]t behalfe.

The Kingdome of Spayne in imposts, Bulls of [Page 77] Crusada, and Ecclesiasticall first fruits, doth yeeld vn­to the King at the least sixe Millions of Duckats a yeare: which are disbursed for the maintenance of his Court, payment of Pentions, and defraying of Charges in Martiall affaires.

For men at Armes the King is able to furnish, and hath ready vpon very short warning (if there should happen any suddaine inuasion) fifty thousand foote, and twenty thousand Horse or rather more, all which haue continually compleate Armes in a rea­dinesse as they themselues are, to serue the King in land seruice.

For Sea forces besides the Plate fleete (which most commonly with Merchants Shipps are three­score sayle) he hath at Cales and Gibraltar, sixeteene stoute men of Warre to maintaine the Streights and cleare the Coasts.

Also at Lisborne, for the maintainance of the Coast of Portugall, he hath twelue men of Warre, the Admirall of which is of a thousand Tunne burthen.

Likewise in Biscaj, he maintaines ten men of War more, for the safegard of those parts and Galicia.

Now besides all these hee hath some foure and thirty Gallyes for clearing of his Coasts, in the summer time especially.

In the Kingdome of Naples, his Maiestie hath nine or tenne great Shipps for Sea seruice, besides foure and twenty Gallies, and fifteene more in the Kingdome of Sicilie, besides those of Genoua.

Now as the Marriners are not very skilfull so they most commonly take with them no more prouision [Page 78] for Anchors, Cables, and Tacklings, then need re­quires for the present, and few good Gunners they haue of their owne Nation, but are beholding to English, and other strangers.

Indeed few doe desire to be Saylers or Mariners, in regard the land Souldiers, haue alwayes the pre­heminence ouer them, and their Shipps are full fur­nished wi [...]h them.

Now when there is any doubt of the safety of the Plate fleete, most of the aboue said Kings Shipps goe to meete them for their safe Conduct, and Con­uoy home.

The seuerall Kingdomes or Prouinces in Spayne, are these, Toledo, Seuill, Cordoua, Iaen, Leon, Nauarre, Valentia, Gibraltar, Granada, Murcia, Castilla, Galicia, Arragon, Catalunia, Portugall the Segniory of Biscaj, the Algarues of Algezira.

When any Proclamation issueth from his Ma­iestie vpon any publique occasion, his titles prefixed are these. Philip by the grace of God, King of Castilla, Leon, Arragon, the two Sicilies, Ierusalem, Por­tugall, Nauarre, Granada, Toledo, Valentia, Galisia, Ma­jorca, Seuill, Sardinia, Cordoua, Corcica, Murcia, Iaen, the Alga ues of Algezira, Gibraltar the Canarie-Ilands, the East and West Indies, and all the ilands, and firme Land of the Ocean Sea; Arch-Duke of Austria, Duke of Burgandie, Brabant, and Millane, Earle of Asbourg, Flaunders, Tiroll and Barcelona, Lord of Biscaj, Molina, else now after these Titles, and Proclamation expressed, he in Spayne, only vseth, I the King. But when vpon any occasion hee writeth to the States of Flaunders, he writes, I Philip Earle of Flaunders.

[Page 79]The Cities in Spayne are these, There are onely two Parli­ment men cho­sen in euery Ci­ty which stand for the whole Pr [...]uences. Seuill, Granada, Guenca, Soria, Auila, Cordoua, Iaen, Toledo, Guadalajara, Segouia, Salamanca, Camora, Vallodolid, Burgos, Toro, Leon, Murcia, all these are to tender their seruice to his Maiestie vpon any occasion of Parliament, being thereunto called, and also Madrid, although it bee no Citty, but the only place of the Kings residence in Court.

• Compostella.
• Tuie.

• Mondenedo.
• Leon.
• Pomperado.

• S. Ellene.

• Victoria.

• Pampelone.

• Barcelona.
• Tarragone.
• Mouson.
• Seguenca.

• [Page 80]Seuill.
• Cadiz.
• Medina Sidonia.
• Esica.
• Iaen.
• Mallega.
• Zxeres.
• Cordoua.
• Vbeda.
• Bacca.
• Adujar.

• Aymonte.

• Burgos.
• Taragone.
• Guadalajara.
• Segouia.
• Calohorra.
• Zamora.
• Toro.
• Medina del Campo.
• Salamanca.

• [Page 79]Saragosa.
• Tarrell.
• Durago.
• Valentia.

• Cuenca.
• Segoruia.
• Oraguella.

• Alacantie.
• Segure.

• Granado.
• Almerie.
• Carthagena.
• Murcia.
• Gudix.

• [Page 80]Cuidad Royall.
• Alcala de He [...]ares.
• Toledo.

• Placenta.
• Auyla.
• Badajos.
• Merida.

• Lisbone.
• Euora.
• Coimbra.
• Porto.
• Braga.
• Bragance.
• Cuidad Roderigo.
• Beiria.
• Cono.
• Oliuensa.
• Eluas.
• Guarda.
• Settuuall.
• Lelues.
• Leria.

A note of all the Hauens, Portes and Fishing Townes, vpon the Coast of Spayne, from Fontarabie in Biscaj, to Barcelona in the Mediterranian Sea.

• Fontarabie, a bard Hauen.
• Passage and Rend [...]rie, an open Hauen.
• S. Sebastians, a bay Hauen.
• Suinaj and Guittari [...], bard.
• Montrica and Deua, Fishing townes.
• Mondac and Alequito, Fishers.
• Vermeo and Placentia, Fishers.
• Bilbao and Portugalete, bard.

• Aluredo a Key Hauen.
• S. Ander an open Hauen.
• S. Vincent de la Barkera Fishers.
• Ariba de Sella Fishers.
• Villa vitiosa Fishers.
• Chinchon a Key.
• Torre Fishers.
• Peua Fishers.
• Loarca bard.
• Auiles bard.

• Riba deo bard.
• Vuiero and Sidera Fishers.
• Farroll open.
• The Gr [...]yne open.
• M [...]ngea bard.
• [Page 82] Corcauiaua bard.
• Muros bard.
• Porta Vietra bard.
• Vigo and Bajone open.

• Aymonte a bard hauen.
• Selua and Palos Fishers

• S. Lucar de Barameda, stands in the entrance of the riuer Guadalquiuir, which goes vp to Seuill, and doth consist most of Fishers.
• Seuill a bard hauen.
• Rota a key.
• Cadiz open.
• S. Marie port bard.

• Gibraltar an open Rode and Key.
• Grand Malega a Key Rode.
• Maruela an open Rode.
• Velez Malega a key Rode.
• Almerie Fishers.
• Carthagena a Hauen.

• Alicante the port of Valentia a Hauen.
• Velentia a Creeke.
• Empullas.
• Taragona. all Fishers.
• Palamos. all Fishers.
• Empurias. all Fishers.
• Rosas.
• Barcelona an open Hauen.

• [Page 83] Camina bard.
• Viana bard.
• Villa de Gonde bard.
• Auero bard.
• Porto de Portugall bard.
• Caso [...]is Fishers.
• Lisbone open.
• Sensembrie [...]ard.
• Setun open.
• Lagos a Key.
• Villa-nouas bard.
• Farouillas bard.
• Figera. Fishers.
• Tauilla. Fishers.
• Castromariti. Fishers.

I onely touch the great inconuenience that Bra [...]e Coynes, The Brasse Coynes of Spayne. hath and doeth daily produce in Spayne. Philip the second being straitned in Moneys, to sup­ply his present necessities in Warre, gaue birth to this Monster, in Coyning fiue Millions of Brasse in seuerall pieces, the greatest peeces are called Quartillos, of the which eight and a halfe make two Royalls, which is tweluepence English, one pound of Brasse makes threescore and odde of them. Since which time they haue beene Coyned by Philip the third, and Philip the fourth now reigning, aboue eight M [...]llians more. The Easterlings discouering the benefit and profit thereof, haue at seuerall times fraughted the king of Spaynes Dominions with thirty Millions more being brought in vnder hand. At [Page 84] the first it past as currant as their siluer, onely one Royall in a hundred Royalls abared: but since (to the great detriment of the Subiects) it hath raysed to two, and so to sixty in the hundred exchange, which occasioned the State of Spayne, to search into the secret, and to redresse the error, the care as dan­gerous as the sore. For the better sort of people hauing go [...]ten (through the scarcity of Siluer which hath beene in Spayne this seauen yeares) the most part of this Brasse coyne into their hands, which caused his Maiesties Treasury to receiue their rents in Brasse in stead of Siluer. Now for the preuen­tion of future inconueniences, and to frustrate the Easterlings, the State of Spayne haue decreed that this Coyne shall passe currant but for halfe the value, which losse falling vpon the better sort of peo­ple, they to saue themselues haue inhaunsed their Commodities to the double value thereof, so that the poorer sort of people are not onely depriued of all commerce, but straytned in their prouision of dayly sustenance, to the hazard of their liues, the Exchange holding still to twenty in the hundred.

The circuite of Spayne, is fiue hundred and forty Leagues by Sea, and fourescore by land, in all aboue eighteene hundred English Miles, many more par­ticulars I could heere recite, as of their Cu­stomes, and transportable commodities which the Kingdome affords, but I presume they are already divulged, and therefore I will not trouble the Rea­ders patience with any more at this time.