The compasse.

Note that this figure is set in moste Maps, to describe the windes, viz. The North south, East, and VVest quarters with their parts. The North point marked with the flower Deluse, commonly standing with the face, or vpper part of the Mappe. So by this compasse to any worke an­nexed, you may know how it lieth, remembring that the point marked with the flower Deluce standeth North. Then tourning your face with that point you shall looke into the North. So is your back South, your right hand East, and your left hand, VVest.

To draine wet grounds.

First draw a straite ditch, one foote deepe, and foure inches broad, in the most conuenient place of your ground. Then draw from your straite ditch two pearch a sunder, slope drayners as this figure doth represent. Dig them one foot deepe at the least, and one foote broad in the bottome, and not aboue two in­ches broade at the top, so will the top close vp againe, and the bottome will be hol­low, wherin the water will soake into the straite ditch: which ditch, you must fill with stones, or great grauell, and so must you fill fiue foote of the endes of the sloape drai­ners next to the straite diche, and if stones be plentie to fill the drainers throughout vvith stones is best. VVhere you fil them with stones, you may couer them with thick turff, and make it playn, so shal you lose no ground The charges for 10. Acres, is but 26. shil. 8. pence, besides carriages, vvhich charges, the earth that you cast out of the ditch and drayners, being wel spred, wil counteruail for the manuring of the ground.

To draine Bogs.

In the firme ground within two yardes of the bog, draw a ditch from the highest part a long by the bogs side, as the currant goeth and continue your ditch vntill it commeth out at naught, as here is debscribed. Make your ditch as narrow as you can, dig it one foote lower then the spring which feedeth the bog. Then fill your ditch two foot thicke with stones, and vpon the stones, throw in the earth, and couer the top with turffe which you digged out of the ditch, so shall you spoyle no ground, and the water, which was the cause of the Bogge, wil alter his course and runne in the ditch among the stones, and in short time the Bogge will sinke, and prooue firme, and very fruiteful ground.

How to measure a wood, and not to come into it.

Drawe adioyning to the water or wood whereof you would, knovv the contents either a square, a long square or a triangle, such as you may most cōueniently include your desired piece into. Then measure the vvhole plat, and from the contents therof: deduct the ouerplus, as for example in this long square herafter described. The vvhol contents is 60. Acres, vvherof you must deduct 3. acres for the long square at the East end, 5 Acres for the right triangle on the Southvvest part, and 14. for the blunt tri­angle on the North side. So testeth for the contentes of the vvood 38. Acres.

The perfect vse of the scale may be learned by him that can not reade, hauing a good capacity, in the space of 3. houres▪ yet by it are most straunge vvorkes done, vvhich to the ignorant seeme vnpossible. It is necessary that it be taught by demon­strations for a little shewing in this cause is a great deale better then much reading.

The Scale.

A Computation of yeares, from William the Conquerour. Wherein you may finde the year of our Lord, the Dominicall letter, the leape yeare, the names of the Kings successiuely, vvhat day they began, hovv long they did raigne, vvith the daies of their deathes. The dates of Recordes, or euidence, and of vvhat continuance they be: as for example.

I haue a lease for 99. yeares, from Michaelmas, in the 10. yeare of King Henrie the 7. The question is, howe many yeares are to come in the saide lease at Michaelmas 1583. First seeke King Henrie the 7. and then the tenth yeare of his raigne, which you shall finde in the yeare of our Lorde 1494. The which number substract out of 1583. So shall you finde 89. yeares past, and tenne yeares to come. If you cannot substract, then tel from 1494, vntill you come vnto 1583. And you shall finde as is aforesaid, and thus for all others.

• Anno Domini.
• The dominicall Letter.
• The names of the kings, & the moneth they begonne.
• The yeares of the Kinges.