TI TIS AN ECOI EIPEIN PERI THS TWN ELEUQERWN PAIDWN AGWGHS KAI TINI CRWMENOI SPOUDAIOI TOIS TROPOIS AN APOBAIEN, FERE SKEYWMEQA. BELTION D' ISWS APO THS GENESEWS ARXASQAI PRWTON. TOIS TOINUN EPIQUMOUSIN ENDOXWN TEKNWN GENESQAI PATRASIN *UPOQEIMHN AN EGWGE MH TAIS TUCOUSAIS GUNAIXI SUNOIKEIN, LEGW D' *OION *ETAIRAIS H PALLAKAIS; TOIS GAR [MHTROQEN H PATROQEN] GEGONOSIN ANEXALEIPTA PARAKOLOUQEI TA THS DUSGENEIAS ONEIDH PARA PANTA TON BION KAI PROCEIRA TOIS ELEGCEIN KAI LOIDOREISQAI BOULOMENOIS. KAI SOFOS HN AR' *O POIHTHS *OS FHSIN (("*OTAN DE KRHPIS MH KATABLHQH GENOUS ANAGKH DUSTUCEIN TOUS EKGONOUS".)) KALOS OUN PARRHSIAS QHSAUROS EUGENEIA, *HS DH PLEISTON LOGON POIHTEON TOIS NOMIMOU PAIDOPOIIAS GLICOMENOIS. KAI MEN DH TA FRONHMATA TWN *UPOCALKON KAI KIBDHLON ECONTWN TO GENOS SFALLESQAI KAI TAPEINOUSQAI PEFUKE, KAI MAL' ORQWS *O LEGWN POIHTHS FHSI (("DOULOI GAR ANDRA, K=AN QRASUSPLAGCNOS TIS H, *OTAN SUNEIDH MHTROS H PATROS KAKA."))

*WSPER AMELEI TO=UNANTION MEGALAUCIAS EMPIPLANTAI KAI FRUAGMATOS *OI GONEWN DIASHMWN. $DIOFANTON GOUN TON $QEMISTOKLEOUS POLLAKIS LEGOUSI FANAI KAI PROS POLLOUS *WS *O TI AN AUTOS BOULHTAI, TOUTO TW: DHMW: SUNDOKEI TW: $AQHNAIWN. *A MEN GAR AUTOS EQELEI, KAI *H MHTHR; *A D' AN *H MHTHR, KAI $QEMISTOKLHS; *A D' AN $QEMISTOKLHS, KAI PANTES $AQHNAIOI. PANU D' AXION EPAINEIN KAI $LAKEDAIMONIOUS THS MEGALOFROSUNHS *OITINES $ARCIDAMON TON BASILEA *EAUTWN EZHMIWSAN CRHMASIN, *OTI MIKRAN TO MEGEQOS GUNAIKA GAMW LABEIN *UPEMEINEN, EPEIPONTES *WS OU BASILEAS ALLA BASILEIDIA PARASCEIN AUTOIS DIANOOITO. ECOMENON D' AN EIH TOUTWN EIPEIN *OPER OUDE TOIS PRO *HMWN PAREWRATO. TO POION? *OTI TOUS *ENEKA PAIDOPOIIAS PLHSIAZONTAS TAIS GUNAIXIN HTOI TO PARAPAN AOINOUS H METRIWS GOUN OINWMENOUS POIEISQAI PROSHKEI TON SUNOUSIASMON. FILOINOI GAR KAI MEQUSTIKOI GINESQAI FILOUSIN *WN AN THN ARCHN THS SPORAS *OI PATERES EN MEQH: POIHSAMENOI TUCWSIN. *H: KAI $DIOGENHS MEIRAKION EKSTATIKON IDWN KAI PARAFRONOUN "NEANISKE" EFHSEN, "*O PATHR SE MEQUWN ESPEIRE". KAI PERI MEN THS GENESEWS TOSAUT' EIRHSQW MOI, PERI DE THS AGWGHS KAI DH LEKTEON.

KAQOLOU MEN EIPEIN, *O KATA TWN TECNWN KAI TWN EPISTHMWN LEGEIN EIWQAMEN, TA=UTON KAI KATA THS ARETHS FATEON ESTIN, *WS EIS THN PANTELH DIKAIOPRAGIAN TRIA DEI SUNDRAMEIN, FUSIN KAI LOGON KAI EQOS. KALW DE LOGON MEN THN MAQHSIN, EQOS DE THN ASKHSIN. EISI D' *AI MEN ARCAI (THS FUSEWS, *AI DE PROKOPAI) THS MAQHSEWS, *AI DE CRHSEIS THS MELETHS, *AI D' AKROTHTES PANTWN. KAQ' *O D' AN LEIFQH: TOUTWN, KATA

TOUT' ANAGKH CWLHN GIGNESQAI THN ARETHN. *H MEN GAR FUSIS ANEU MAQHSEWS TUFLON, *H DE MAQHSIS DICA FUSEWS ELLIPES *H D' ASKHSIS CWRIS AMFOIN ATELES. *WSPER DE TH: GEWRGIA: PRWTON MEN AGAQHN *UPARXAI DEI THN GHN, EITA DE FUTOURGON EPISTHMONA, EITA SPERMATA SPOUDAIA, TON AUTON TROPON GH: MEN EOIKEN *H FUSIS, GEWRGW: D' *O PAIDEUWN, SPERMATI D' *AI TWN LOGWN *UPOQHKAI KAI TA PARAGGELMATA. TAUTA PANTA DIATEINAMENOS (AN) EIPOIMI *OTI SUNHLQE KAI SUNEPNEUSEN EIS TAS TWN PAR' *APASIN A:DOMENWN YUCAS, $PUQAGOROU KAI $SWKRATOUS KAI $PLATWNOS KAI TWN *OSOI DOXHS AEIMNHSTOU TETUCHKASIN. EUDAIMON MEN OUN KAI QEOFILES EI TW: TAUTA PANTA QEWN TIS APEDWKEN. EI DE TIS OIETAI TOUS OUK EU PEFUKOTAS MAQHSEWS KAI MELETHS TUCONTAS ORQHS PROS ARETHN OUK AN THN THS FUSEWS ELATTWSIN EIS TO=UNDECOMENON ANADRAMEIN, ISTW POLLOU, MALLON DE TOU PANTOS DIAMARTANWN. FUSEWS MEN GAR ARETHN DIAFQEIREI RAQUMIA, FAULOTHTA D' EPANORQOI DIDACH; KAI TA MEN *RA:DIA TOUS AMELOUNTAS FEUGEI, TA DE CALEPA TAIS EPIMELEIAIS *ALISKETAI. KATAMAQOIS D' AN *WS ANUSIMON PRAGMA KAI TELESIOURGON EPIMELEIA KAI PONOS ESTIN, EPI POLLA TWN GINOMENWN EPIBLEYAS. STAGONES MEN GAR *UDATOS PETRAS KOILAINOUSI, SIDHROS DE KAI CALKOS TAIS EPAFAIS TWN CEIRWN EKTRIBONTAI, *OI D' *ARMATEIOI TROXOI TORNW: KAMFQENTES OUD' AN EI TI GENOITO THN EX ARCHS DUNAINTO ANALABEIN EUQUWRIAN; TAS GE MHN KAMPULAS TWN *UPOKRITWN BAKTHRIAS APEUQUNEIN AMHCANON, ALLA TO PARA FUSIN TW: PONW: TWN KATA FUSIN EGENETO KREITTON. KAI MONA ARA TAUTA THN THS EPIMELEIAS ISCUN DIADEIKNUSIN? OUK, ALLA KAI MURIA EPI MURIOIS. AGAQH GH PEFUKEN; ALL' AMELHQEISA CERSEUETAI, KAI *OSW: TH: FUSEI BELTIWN ESTI, TOSOUTW: MALLON EXARGHQEISA DI' AMELEIAN EXAPOLLUTAI

[ALLA] ESTI TIS APOKROTOS KAI TRACUTERA TOU DEONTOS; ALLA GEWRGHQEISA PARAUTIKA GENNAIOUS KARPOUS EXHNEGKE. POIA DE DENDRA OUK OLIGWRHQENTA MEN STREBLA FUETAI KAI AKARPA KAQISTATAI, TUCONTA D' ORQHS PAIDAGWGIAS EGKARPA GINETAI KAI TELESFORA? POIA DE SWMATOS ISCUS OUK EXAMBLOUTAI KAI KATAFQINEI DI' AMELEIAN KAI TRUFHN KAI KACEXIAN? TIS D' ASQENHS FUSIS OU TOIS GUMNASAMENOIS KAI KATAQLHSASI PLEISTON EIS ISCUN EPEDWKE? TINES D' *IPPOI KALWS PWLODAMNHQENTES OUK EUPEIQEIS EGENONTO TOIS ANABATAIS? TINES D' ADAMASTOI MEINANTES OU SKLHRAUCENES KAI QUMOEIDEIS APEBHSAN? KAI TI DEI T=ALLA QAUMAZEIN, *OPOU GE TWN QHRIWN TWN AGRIOTATWN *ORWMEN POLLA KAI TIQASEUOMENA KAI CEIROHQH GINOMENA TOIS PONOIS? EU DE KAI *O $QETTALOS ERWTHQEIS TINES EISIN *OI HPIWTATOI $QETTALWN, EFH "*OI PAUOMENOI POLEMEIN". KAI TI DEI TA POLLA LEGEIN? KAI GAR TO HQOS (EQOS) ESTI POLUCRONION KAI TAS HQIKAS ARETAS EQIKAS AN TIS LEGH: OUK AN TI PLHMMELEIN DOXEIEN. *ENI DE PERI TOUTWN ETI PARADEIGMATI CRHSAMENOS APALLAXOMAI TOU [ETI] PERI AUTWN MHKUNEIN. $LUKOURGOS GAR *O TWN $LAKEDAIMONIWN NOMOQETHS DUO SKULAKAS TWN AUTWN GONEWN LABWN OUDEN *OMOIWS ALLHLOIS HGAGEN, ALLA TON MEN LIXNON APEFHNE KAI SINAMWRON, TON D' EXICNEUEIN KAI QHRAN DUNATON. EITA POTE TWN $LAKEDAIMONIWN EIS TA=UTO SUNEILEGMENWN, "MEGALH TOI ROPH PROS ARETHS KTHSIN ESTIN, ANDRES " EFHSE "$LAKEDAIMONIOI, KAI EQH KAI PAIDEIAI KAI DIDASKALIAI KAI BIWN AGWGAI, KAI EGW TAUTA *UMIN AUTIKA DH MALA POIHSW FANERA". EITA PROSAGAGWN TOUS SKULAKAS DIAFHKE, KATAQEIS EIS MESON LOPADA KAI LAGWON KATEUQU TWN SKULAKWN. KAI *O MEN EPI TON LAGWON H:XEN, *O D' EPI THN LOPADA *WRMHSE. TWN DE $LAKEDAIMONIWN

OUDEPW SUMBALEIN ECONTWN TI POT' AUTW: TOUTO DUNATAI KAI TI BOULOMENOS TOUS SKULAKAS EPEDEIKNUEN, "*OUTOI GONEWN" EFH "TWN AUTWN AMFOTEROI, DIAFOROU DE TUCONTES AGWGHS *O MEN LICNOS *O DE QHREUTHS APOBEBHKE". KAI PERI MEN EQWN KAI BIWN ARKEITW TAUTA. PERI DE TROFHS ECOMENON AN EIH LEGEIN. DEI DE, *WS EGW AN FAIHN, AUTAS TAS MHTERAS TA TEKNA TREFEIN KAI TOUTOIS TOUS MASTOUS *UPECEIN; SUMPAQESTERON TE GAR QREYOUSI KAI DIA PLEIONOS EPIMELEIAS, *WS AN ENDOQEN KAI TO DH LEGOMENON EX ONUCWN AGAPWSAI TA TEKNA. *AI TITQAI DE KAI *AI TROFOI THN EUNOIAN *UPOBOLIMAIAN KAI PAREGGRAPTON ECOUSIN, *ATE MISQOU FILOUSAI. DHLOI DE KAI *H FUSIS *OTI DEI TAS MHTERAS *A GEGENNHKASIN AUTAS TITQEUEIN KAI TREFEIN; DIA GAR TOUTO PANTI ZW:W: TEKONTI THN EK TOU GALAKTOS TROFHN ECORHGHSE; SOFWS DE KAI *H PRONOIA DITTOUS ENEQHKE TAIS GUNAIXI TOUS MASTOUS, *INA, K=AN EI DIDUMA TEKOIEN, DITTAS ECOIEN TAS THS TROFHS PHGAS. CWRIS DE TOUTWN EUNOUSTERAI TOIS TEKNOIS GINOINT' AN KAI FILHTIKWTERAI, KAI MA $DI' OUK APEIKOTWS; *H SUNTROFIA GAR *WSPER EPITONION ESTI THS EUNOIAS. KAI GAR TA QHRIA TWN SUNTREFOMENWN APOSPWMENA TAUTA POQOUNTA FAINETAI. MALISTA MEN OUN *APER EFHN TAUTA PEIRATEON [TA TEKNA TREFEIN TAS MHTERAS]; EI D' AR' ADUNATWS ECOIEN H DIA SWMATOS ASQENEIAN [[GENOITO GAR AN TI KAI TOIOUTON]] H PROS *ETERWN TEKNWN SPEUDOUSAI GENESIN, ALLA TAS GE TITQAS KAI TROFOUS OU TAS TUCOUSAS ALL' *WS ENI MALISTA SPOUDAIAS DOKIMASTEON ESTI. PRWTON MEN TOIS HQESIN $*ELLHNIDAS. *WSPER GAR TA MELH TOU SWMATOS EUQUS APO GENESEWS PLATTEIN TWN TEKNWN ANAGKAION ESTIN, *INA TAUTA ORQA KAI ASTRABH FUHTAI, TON

AUTON TROPON EX ARCHS TA TWN TEKNWN HQH RUQMIZEIN PROSHKEI. EUPLASTON GAR KAI *UGRON *H NEOTHS, KAI TAIS TOUTWN YUCAIS *APALAIS ETI TA MAQHMATA ENTHKETAI; PAN DE TO SKLHRON CALEPWS MALATTETAI. KAQAPER GAR (*AI) SFRAGIDES TOIS *APALOIS ENAPOMATTONTAI KHROIS, *OUTWS *AI MAQHSEIS TAIS TWN ETI PAIDIWN YUCAIS ENAPOTUPOUNTAI. KAI MOI DOKEI $PLATWN *O DAIMONIOS EMMELWS PARAINEIN TAIS TITQAIS MHDE TOUS TUCONTAS MUQOUS TOIS PAIDIOIS LEGEIN, *INA MH TAS TOUTWN YUCAS EX ARCHS ANOIAS KAI DIAFQORAS ANAPIMPLASQAI SUMBAINH:. KINDUNEUEI DE KAI $FWKULIDHS *O POIHTHS KALWS PARAINEIN LEGWN (("CRH PAID' ET' EONTA KALA DIDASKEIN ERGA."))

OU TOINUN OUDE TOUTO PARALIPEIN AXION ESTIN, *OTI KAI TA PAIDIA TA MELLONTA TOIS TROFIMOIS *UPHRETEIN KAI TOUTOIS SUNTROFA GINESQAI ZHTHTEON PRWTISTA MEN SPOUDAIA TOUS TROPOUS, ETI MENTOI $*ELLHNIKA KAI PERITRANA LALOUNTA, *INA MH SUNANACRWNNUMENOI BARBAROIS KAI TO HQOS MOCQHROIS APOFERWNTAI TI THS EKEINWN FAULOTHTOS. KAI *OI PAROIMIAZOMENOI DE FASIN OUK APO TROPOU LEGONTES, *OTI "AN CWLW: PAROIKHSH:S, *UPOSKAZEIN MAQHSH:". EPEIDAN TOINUN *HLIKIAN LABWSIN *UPO PAIDAGWGOIS TETACQAI, ENTAUQA DH POLLHN EPIMELEIAN *EKTEON ESTI THS TOUTWN KATASTASEWS, *WS MH LAQWSIN ANDRAPODOIS H BARBAROIS H PALIMBOLOIS TA TEKNA PARADONTES. EPEI NUN GE TO GINOMENON POLLOIS *UPERKATAGELASTON ESTI. TWN GAR DOULWN TWN SPOUDAIWN TOUS MEN GEWRGOUS APODEIKNUOUSI, TOUS DE NAUKLHROUS TOUS D' EMPOROUS TOUS D' OIKONOMOUS TOUS DE DANEISTAS. *O TI D' AN *EURWSIN ANDRAPODON OINOLHPTON KAI LICNON, PROS PASAN

PRAGMATEIAN ACRHSTON, TOUTW: FERONTES *UPOBALLOUSI TOUS *UIOUS. DEI DE TON SPOUDAION PAIDAGWGON TOIOUTON EINAI THN FUSIN *OIOSPER HN *O $FOINIX *O TOU $ACILLEWS PAIDAGWGOS. TO DE PANTWN MEGISTON KAI KURIWTATON TWN EIRHMENWN ERCOMAI FRASWN. DIDASKALOUS GAR ZHTHTEON TOIS TEKNOIS, *OI KAI TOIS BIOIS EISIN ADIABLHTOI KAI TOIS TROPOIS ANEPILHPTOI KAI TAIS EMPEIRIAIS ARISTOI; PHGH GAR KAI RIZA KALOKAGAQIAS TO NOMIMOU TUCEIN PAIDEIAS. KAI KAQAPER TAS CARAKAS TOIS FUTOIS *OI GEWRGOI PARATIQEASIN, *OUTWS *OI NOMIMOI TWN DIDASKALWN EMMELEIS TAS *UPOQHKAS KAI PARAINESEIS PARAPHGNUOUSI TOIS NEOIS, *IN' ORQA TOUTWN BLASTANH: TA HQH. NUN DE TIS K=AN KATAPTUSEIE TWN PATERWN ENIWN, *OITINES PRIN DOKIMASAI TOUS MELLONTAS DIDASKEIN, DI' AGNOIAN ESQ' *OTE KAI DI' APEIRIAN, ANQRWPOIS ADOKIMOIS KAI PARASHMOIS EGCEIRIZOUSI TOUS PAIDAS. KAI OUPW TOUT' ESTI KATAGELASTON EI DI' APEIRIAN AUTO PRATTOUSIN, EKEINO D' ESCATWS ATOPON. TO POION? ENIOTE GAR EIDOTES, AISQOMENOI H ALLWN AUTOIS TOUTO LEGONTWN, THN ENIWN TWN PAIDEUTWN APEIRIAN *AMA KAI MOCQHRIAN, *OMWS TOUTOIS EPITREPOUSI TOUS PAIDAS, *OI MEN TAIS TWN ARESKEUOMENWN *HTTWMENOI KOLAKEIAIS, EISI D' *OI KAI DEOMENOIS CARIZOMENOI FILOIS, PAROMOION POIOUNTES *WSPER AN EI TIS TW: SWMATI KAMNWN TON SUN EPISTHMH: DUNHQENTA SWSAI PARALIPWN, FILW: CARIZOMENOS TON DI' APEIRIAN APOLESONTA [AN] AUTON PROELOITO, H NAUKLHRON TON ARISTON AFEIS TOIOUTON DOKIMASEIE FILOU DEHQENTOS. $ZEU

KAI QEOI PANTES, PATHR TIS KALOUMENOS PLEIW LOGON THS TWN DEOMENWN POIEITAI CARITOS H THS TWN TEKNWN PAIDEUSEWS? EIT' OUK EIKOTA POLLAKIS *O $SWKRATHS EKEINOS *O PALAIOS ELEGEN, *OTI EIPER ARA DUNATON HN ANABANTA EPI TO METEWROTATON THS POLEWS ANAKRAGEIN MEROS "W ANQRWPOI, POU FERESQE, *OITINES CRHMATWN MEN KTHSEWS PERI PASAN POIEISQE SPOUDHN, TWN D' *UIEWN, *OIS TAUTA KATALEIYETE, MIKRA FRONTIZETE?" TOUTOIS D' AN EGWGE PROSQEIHN *OTI *OI TOIOUTOI PATERES PARAPLHSION POIOUSIN, *OION EI TIS TOU MEN *UPODHMATOS FRONTIZOI, TOU DE PODOS OLIGWRWS ECOI. POLLOI D' EIS TOSOUTO TWN PATERWN PROBAINOUSI FILARGURIAS *AMA KAI MISOTEKNIAS, *WSQ' *INA MH PLEIONA MISQON TELESEIAN, ANQRWPOUS TOUS MHDENOS TIMIOUS *AIROUNTAI, TOIS TEKNOIS EUWNON AMAQIAN DIWKONTES. *H: KAI $ARISTIPPOS OUK AKOMYWS ALLA KAI PANU ASTEIWS EPESKWYE TW: LOGW: PATERA NOU KAI FRENWN KENON. ERWTHSANTOS GAR TINOS AUTON POSON AITOIH MISQON *UPER THS TOU TEKNOU PAIDEUSEWS, "CILIAS" EFHSE "DRACMAS". TOU D' "$*HRAKLEIS" EIPONTOS, "*WS *UPERPOLU TO AITHMA; DUNAMAI GAR ANDRAPODON CILIWN PRIASQAI" "TOIGAROUN" EIPE "DUO *EXEIS ANDRAPODA, KAI TON *UION KAI *ON AN PRIH:". TO D' *OLON PWS OUK ATOPON TH: MEN DEXIA: SUNEQIZEIN [TA PAIDIA] DECESQAI TAS TROFAS, K=AN PROTEINH: THN ARISTERAN, EPITIMAN, MHDEMIAN DE POIEISQAI PRONOIAN TOU LOGWN EPIDEXIWN KAI NOMIMWN AKOUEIN?

TI OUN SUMBAINEI TOIS QAUMASTOIS PATRASIN, EPEIDAN KAKWS MEN QREYWSI KAKWS DE PAIDEUSWSI TOUS *UIEIS? EGW FRASW. *OTAN GAR EIS ANDRAS EGGRAFENTES TOU MEN *UGIAINONTOS KAI TETAGMENOU BIOU KATAMELHSWSIN, EPI DE TAS ATAKTOUS KAI ANDRAPODWDEIS *HDONAS *EAUTOUS KRHMNISWSI, TOTE DH METAMELOUNTAI [THN TWN TEKNWN PAIDEIAN], *OT' OUDEN OFELOS, TOIS EKEINWN

ADIKHMASIN ADHMONOUNTES. *OI MEN GAR AUTWN KOLAKAS KAI PARASITOUS ANALAMBANOUSIN, ANQRWPOUS ASHMOUS KAI KATARATOUS KAI THS NEOTHTOS ANATROPEAS KAI LUMEWNAS, *OI DE TINES *ETAIRAS KAI CAMAITUPAS LUTROUNTAI SOBARAS KAI POLUTELEIS, *OI DE KATOYOFAGOUSIN, *OI D' EIS KUBOUS KAI KWMOUS EXOKELLOUSIN, HDH DE TINES KAI TWN NEANIKWTERWN *APTONTAI KAKWN, MOICEUONTES KAI @KITTOFOROUNTES KAI MIAN *HDONHN QANATOU TIMWMENOI. FILOSOFW: D' *OMILHSANTES TOUTOU ISWS TOIS PROSTAGMASIN *EAUTOUS AN KATAPEIQEIS PARESCONTO, KAI TO GE PARAGGELMA TOU $DIOGENOUS EMAQON AN, *OS FORTIKWS MEN TOIS *RHMASIN ALHQWS DE TOIS PRAGMASI PARAINEI KAI FHSIN "EISELQE EIS PORNEION PAI, *INA MAQHS *OTI TWN AXIWN TA TIMIA OUDEN DIAFEREI".

<' 8> SUNELWN TOINUN EGW FHMI (KAI CRHSMOLOGEIN MALLON H PARAINEIN DOXAIM' AN EIKOTWS) *OTI *EN PRWTON KAI MESON KAI TELEUTAION EN TOUTOIS KEFALAION AGWGH SPOUDAIA KAI PAIDEIA NOMIMOS ESTI, KAI TAUTA FORA KAI SUNERGA PROS ARETHN KAI PROS EUDAIMONIAN FHMI. KAI TA MEN ALLA TWN AGAQWN ANQRWPINA KAI MIKRA KAI OUK AXIOSPOUDASTA KAQESTHKEN. EUGENEIA KALON MEN, ALLA PROGONWN AGAQON. PLOUTOS DE TIMION MEN, ALLA TUCHS KTHMA, EPEIDH TWN MEN ECONTWN POLLAKIS AFEILETO, TOIS D' OUK ELPISASI FEROUSA PROSHNEGKE, KAI *O POLUS PLOUTOS SKOPOS EKKEITAI TOIS BOULOMENOIS BALLANTIA TOXEUEIN, KAKOURGOIS OIKETAIS KAI SUKOFANTAIS, KAI TO MEGISTON, *OTI KAI TOIS PONHROTATOIS METESTI. DOXA GE MHN SEMNON (MEN) ALL' ABEBAION. KALLOS DE PERIMACHTON MEN, ALL' OLIGOCRONION. *UGIEIA DE TIMION MEN, ALL' EUMETASTATON. ISCUS DE ZHLWTON MEN, ALLA NOSW: EUALWTON KAI GHRA:. TO D' *OLON EI TIS EPI TH: TOU SWMATOS

RWMH: FRONEI, MAQETW GNWMHS DIAMARTANWN. POSTON GAR ESTIN ISCUS ANQRWPINH THS TWN ALLWN ZW:WN DUNAMEWS? LEGW D' *OION ELEFANTWN KAI TAURWN KAI LEONTWN. PAIDEIA DE TWN EN *HMIN MONON ESTIN AQANATON KAI QEION. KAI DUO TA PANTWN ESTI KURIWTATA EN ANQRWPINH: FUSEI, NOUS KAI LOGOS. KAI *O MEN NOUS ARCIKOS ESTI TOU LOGOU, *O DE LOGOS *UPHRETIKOS TOU NOU, TUCH: MEN ANALWTOS, SUKOFANTIA: D' ANAFAIRETOS, NOSW: D' ADIAFQOROS, GHRA: D' ALUMANTOS. MONOS GAR *O NOUS PALAIOUMENOS ANHBA:, KAI *O CRONOS TA ALLA PANTA AFAIRWN TW: GHRA: PROSTIQHSI THN EPISTHMHN. *O GE MHN POLEMOS CEIMARROU DIKHN PANTA SURWN KAI PANTA FERWN MONHN OU DUNATAI PAIDEIAN PARELESQAI. KAI MOI DOKEI $STILPWN *O $MEGAREUS FILOSOFOS AXIOMNHMONEUTON POIHSAI APOKRISIN, *OTE $DHMHTRIOS EXANDRAPODISAMENOS THN POLIN EIS EDAFOS KATEBALEN, *O DE TON $STILPWNA HRETO MH TI APOLWLEKWS EIH. KAI *OS "OU DHTA" EIPE, "POLEMOS GAR OU LAFURAGWGEI ARETHN". SUMFWNOS DE KAI SUNW:DOS *H $SWKRATOUS APOKRISIS TAUTH: FAINETAI. KAI GAR *OUTOS ERWTHSANTOS AUTON MOI DOKEI $GORGIOU *HN ECOI PERI TOU MEGALOU BASILEWS *UPOLHYIN KAI EI NOMIZOI TOUTON EUDAIMONA EINAI, "OUK OIDA" EFHSE "PWS ARETHS KAI PAIDEIAS ECEI", *WS THS EUDAIMONIAS EN TOUTOIS, OUK EN TOIS TUCHROIS AGAQOIS KEIMENHS

*WSPER DE PARAINW THS PAIDEIAS TWN TEKNWN MHDEN POIEISQAI PRO=URGIAITERON, *OUTWS AU PALIN FHMI DEIN THS ADIAFQOROU KAI *UGIAINOUSHS ECESQAI, TWN DE PANHGURIKWN LHRWN *WS PORRWTATW TOUS *UIEIS APAGEIN. TO GAR TOIS POLLOIS ARESKEIN TOIS SOFOIS ESTIN APARESKEIN. MARTUREI DE MOU TW: LOGW: KAI $EURIPIDHS LEGWN

(("EGW D' AKOMYOS EIS OCLON DOUNAI LOGON, EIS *HLIKAS DE K=WLIGOUS SOFWTEROS," "*OI DE EN SOFOIS FAULOI PAR' OCLW: MOUSIKWTEROI LEGEIN.")) *ORW D' EGWGE TOUS TOIS SURFETWDESIN OCLOIS ARESTWS KAI KECARISMENWS EPITHDEUONTAS LEGEIN KAI TON BION *WS TA POLLA ASWTOUS KAI FILHDONOUS APOBAINONTAS. KAI NH $DI' EIKOTWS. EI GAR ALLOIS *HDONAS PARASKEUAZONTES AMELOUSI TOU KALOU, SCOLH: G' AN THS IDIAS *HDUPAQEIAS KAI TRUFHS *UPERANW TO ORQON KAI *UGIES POIHSAINTO, [H] TO SWFRON ANTI TOU TERPNOU DIWKONTES. PROS DE TOUTOIS .. TI AN TOUS PAIDAS .... KALON GAR TOI MHDEN EIKH MHTE LEGEIN MHTE PRATTEIN, KAI KATA THN PAROIMIAN "CALEPA TA KALA". *OI D' AUTOSCEDIOI TWN LOGWN POLLHS EUCEREIAS KAI RA:DIOURGIAS EISI PLHREIS, OUQ' *OQEN ARKTEON OUQ' *OPOI PAUSTEON ESTIN EIDOTWN. CWRIS DE TWN ALLWN PLHMMELHMATWN *OI AN EK TOU PARACRHMA LEGWSIN, EIS AMETRIAN DEINHN EKPIPTOUSI KAI POLULOGIAN. SKEYIS D' OUK EA: THS *IKNOUMENHS SUMMETRIAS TON LOGON EKBAINEIN. *O $PERIKLHS, *WS *HMIN AKOUEIN PARADEDOTAI, KALOUMENOS *UPO TOU DHMOU POLLAKIS OUC *UPHKOUSE, LEGWN ASUNTAKTOS EINAI. *WSAUTWS DE KAI $DHMOSQENHS ZHLWTHS THS TOUTOU POLITEIAS GENOMENOS KALOUNTWN AUTON TWN $AQHNAIWN SUMBOULON ANTEBAINEN "OU SUNTETAGMAI" LEGWN. KAI TAUTA MEN ISWS ADESPOTOS ESTI KAI PEPLASMENH PARADOSIS; EN DE TW: KATA $MEIDIOU THN THS SKEYEWS WFELEIAN ENARGWS PARISTHSI. FHSI GOUN "EGW D' ESKEFQAI MEN W (ANDRES) $AQHNAIOI FHMI KO=UK AN ARNHQEIHN KAI MEMELETHKENAI

G' *WS ENHN MALIST' EMOI; KAI GAR AN AQLIOS HN, EI TOIAUTA PAQWN KAI PASCWN HMELOUN *WN PERI TOUTWN EREIN EMELLON (PROS *UMAS"). TO DE DEIN PANTAPASIN APODOKIMAZEIN TWN LOGWN THN *ETOIMOTHTA KAI TAUTHN OUD' EP AXIOIS ASKEIN OU FAIHN AN EGWGE, ALL' *WS EN FARMAKOU MOIRA: TOUTO POIHTEON ESTI. MECRI DH THS TWN ANDRWN *HLIKIAS OUDEN EK TOU PARATUCONTOS AXIW LEGEIN, ALL' *OTAN TIS RIZWSH: THN DUNAMIN, TOTE TOUTON TWN KAIRWN KALOUNTWN ELEUQERIAZEIN TOIS LOGOIS PROSHKEN. *WSPER GAR *OI POLUN CRONON DEQENTES K=AN (EI) LUQEIEN *USTERON, *UPO THS POLUCRONIOU TWN DESMWN SUNHQEIAS OU DUNAMENOI BADIZEIN *UPOSKELIZONTAI, TON AUTON TROPON *OI POLLW: CRONW: TON LOGON SFIGXANTES, K=AN EI POTE EK TOU PARACRHMA DEHSEIEN EIPEIN, OUDEN *HTTON TON AUTON THS *ERMHNEIAS CARAKTHRA FULATTOUSI. TO D' ETI PAIDAS ONTAS EAN EPI KAIROU LEGEIN MATAIOLOGIAS THS ESCATHS AITION KAQISTATAI. ZWGRAFOS FASIN AQLIOS $APELLH: DEIXAS EIKONA "TAUTHN" EFH "NUN GEGRAFA", *O DE "KAI HN MH LEGH:S" EIPEN "OIDA *OTI TACU GEGRAPTAI; QAUMAZW DE PWS OUCI TOIAUTAS PLEIOUS GEGRAFAS".

*WSPER TOINUN [[EPANAGW GAR EPI THN EX ARCHS TOU LOGOU PROQESIN]] TO QEATRIKON KAI PARATRAGW:DON, *OUTWS AU PALIN KAI THN SMIKROLOGIAN THS LEXEWS KAI TAPEINWSIN PARAINW DIEULABEISQAI KAI FEUGEIN; *H MEN GAR *UPEROGKOS APOLITEUTOS ESTIN, *H D' ISCNH LIAN ANEKPLHKTOS. KAQAPER DE TO SWMA OU MONON *UGIEINON ALLA KAI EUEKTIKON EINAI CRH, KAI TON LOGON

*WSAUTWS OUK ANOSON MONON ALLA KAI EURWSTON EINAI DEI. TO MEN GAR ASFALES EPAINEITAI MONON, TO D' EPIKINDUNON KAI QAUMAZETAI. THN (AUTHN) DE TUGCANW GNWMHN ECWN KAI PERI THS EN TH: YUCH: DIAQESEWS. OUTE GAR QRASUN OUT' ATOLMON KAI KATAPLHGA PROSHKEN EINAI; TO MEN GAR EIS ANAISCUNTIAN, TO D' EIS ANDRAPODWDIAN PERIISTATAI; ENTECNON DE TO THN MESHN EN *APASI TEMNEIN EMMELES TE. BOULOMAI D', *EWS ETI MEMNHMAI THS PAIDEIAS, *WS ECW DOXHS PERI AUTHS EIPEIN, *OTI TON MONOKWLON LOGON PRWTON MEN AMOUSIAS OU MIKRON POIOUMAI TEKMHRION; EPEITA DE KAI PROS THN ASKHSIN *AYIKORON KAI PANTH ANEPIMONON EINAI NOMIZW. MONW:DIA GAR EN *APASIN ESTI PLHSMION KAI PROSANTES, *H DE POIKILIA TERPNON, KAQAPER K=AN TOIS ALLOIS *APASIN, *OION AKOUSMASIN H QEAMASIN.

DEI TOINUN TON PAIDA TON ELEUQERON MHDENOS MHDE TWN ALLWN TWN KALOUMENWN EGKUKLIWN PAIDEUMATWN MHT' ANHKOON MHT' AQEATON EAN EINAI, ALLA TAUTA MEN EK PARADROMHS MAQEIN *WSPEREI GEUMATOS *ENEKEN [[EN *APASI GAR TO TELEION ADUNATON]], THN DE FILOSOFIAN PRESBEUEIN. ECW DE DI' EIKONOS PARASTHSAI THN EMAUTOU GNWMHN; *WSPER GAR PERIPLEUSAI MEN POLLAS POLEIS KALON, ENOIKHSAI DE TH: KRATISTH: CRHSIMON. ASTEIWS DE KAI $BIWN ELEGEN *O FILOSOFOS *OTI *WSPER *OI MNHSTHRES TH: $PHNELOPH: PLHSIAZEIN MH DUNAMENOI TAIS TAUTHS EMIGNUNTO QERAPAINAIS, *OUTW KAI *OI FILOSOFIAS MH DUNAMENOI KATATUCEIN EN TOIS ALLOIS PAIDEUMASI TOIS OUDENOS AXIOIS *EAUTOUS KATASKELETEUOUSI. DIO DEI THS ALLHS PAIDEIAS *WSPER KEFALAION POIEIN THN FILOSOFIAN. PERI MEN GAR THN TOU SWMATOS EPIMELEIAN DITTAS *EURON EPISTHMAS *OI ANQRWPOI, THN IATRIKHN KAI THN GUMNASTIKHN, *WN *H MEN THN *UGIEIAN, *H DE THN EUEXIAN ENTIQHSI. TWN DE THS YUCHS ARRWSTHMATWN

KAI PAQWN *H FILOSOFIA MONH FARMAKON ESTI. DIA GAR TAUTHN ESTI KAI META TAUTHS GNWNAI TI TO KALON TI TO AISCRON, TI TO DIKAION TI TO ADIKON, TI [TO] SULLHBDHN *AIRETON TI FEUKTON; PWS QEOIS PWS GONEUSI PWS PRESBUTEROIS PWS NOMOIS [PWS ALLOTRIOIS] PWS ARCOUSI PWS FILOIS PWS GUNAIXI PWS TEKNOIS PWS OIKETAIS CRHSTEON ESTI; *OTI DEI QEOUS MEN SEBESQAI, GONEAS DE TIMAN, PRESBUTEROUS AIDEISQAI, NOMOIS PEIQARCEIN, ARCOUSIN *UPEIKEIN, FILOUS AGAPAN, PROS GUNAIKAS SWFRONEIN, TEKNWN STERKTIKOUS EINAI, DOULOUS MH PERIUBRIZEIN; TO DE MEGISTON, MHT' EN TAIS EUPRAGIAIS PERICAREIS MHT' EN TAIS SUMFORAIS PERILUPOUS *UPARCEIN, MHT' EN TAIS *HDONAIS EKLUTOUS EINAI MHT' EN TAIS ORGAIS EKPAQEIS KAI QHRIWDEIS. *APER EGW PANTWN TWN EK FILOSOFIAS PERIGINOMENWN AGAQWN PRESBUTATA KRINW. TO MEN GAR EUGENWS ATUCEIN ANDROS, TO D' ANEPIFQONWS EUQHNEIN ANQRWPOU, TO DE TOIS LOGISMOIS PERIEINAI TWN *HDONWN SOFOU, TO D' ORGHS KATAKRATEIN ANDROS OU TOU TUCONTOS ESTI. TELEIOUS D' ANQRWPOUS *HGOUMAI TOUS DUNAMENOUS THN POLITIKHN DUNAMIN MEIXAI KAI KERASAI TW: FILOSOFW:, KAI DUEIN ONTOIN MEGISTOIN AGAQOIN EPHBOLOUS *UPARCEIN *UPOLAMBANW, TOU TE KOINWFELOUS BIOU POLITEUOMENOUS,TOU T' AKUMONOS KAI GALHNOU DIATRIBONTAS PERI FILOSOFIAN. TRIWN GAR ONTWN BIWN *WN *O MEN ESTI PRAKTIKOS *O DE QEWRHTIKOS *O D' APOLAUSTIKOS, *O MEN EKLUTOS KAI DOULOS TWN *HDONWN ZW:WDHS KAI MIKROPREPHS ESTIN, *O DE PRAKTIKOS AMOIRHSAS FILOSOFIAS AMOUSOS

KAI PLHMMELHS, *O DE QEWRHTIKOS TOU PRAKTIKOU DIAMARTANWN ANWFELHS. PEIRATEON OUN EIS DUNAMIN KAI TA KOINA PRATTEIN KAI THS FILOSOFIAS ANTILAMBANESQAI KATA TO PAREIKON TWN KAIRWN. *OUTWS EPOLITEUSATO $PERIKLHS, *OUTWS $ARCUTAS *O $TARANTINOS, *OUTW $DIWN *O $SURAKOSIOS, *OUTWS $EPAMEINWNDAS *O $QHBAIOS, *WN *EKATEROS $PLATWNOS EGENETO SUNOUSIASTHS. KAI PERI MEN PAIDEIAS OUK OID' *OTI DEI PLEIONA LEGONTA DIATRIBEIN; PROS DE TOIS EIRHMENOIS CRHSIMON, MALLON DE ANAGKAION ESTI MHDE THS TWN PALAIWN SUGGRAMMATWN KTHSEWS OLIGWRWS ECEIN, ALLA KAI TOUTWN POIEISQAI SULLOGHN KATA TO GEWRGWDES.... TON AUTON TROPON ORGANON THS PAIDEIAS *H CRHSIS TWN BIBLIWN ESTI, KAI APO PHGHS THN EPISTHMHN THREIN SUMBEBHKEN.

<' 11> OU TOINUN AXION OUDE THN TWN SWMATWN AGWNIAN PARORAN, ALLA PEMPONTAS ES PAIDOTRIBOU TOUS PAIDAS *IKANWS TAUTA DIAPONEIN, *AMA MEN THS TWN SWMATWN EURUQMIAS *ENEKEN, *AMA DE KAI PROS *RWMHN; KALOU GAR GHRWS QEMELIOS EN PAISIN *H TWN SWMATWN EUEXIA. KAQAPER OUN EN EUDIA: TA PROS TON CEIMWNA PROSHKE PARASKEUAZEIN, *OUTWS EN NEOTHTI THN EUTAXIAN KAI THN SWFROSUNHN EFODION EIS TO GHRAS APOTIQESQAI. *OUTW DE DEI TAMIEUESQAI TON TOU SWMATOS PONON, *WS MH KATAXHROUS GINOMENOUS PROS THN THS PAIDEIAS EPIMELEIAN APAGOREUEIN; KATA GAR $PLATWNA *UPNOI KAI KOPOI MAQHMASI POLEMIOI. KAI TI TAUTA? ALL' *OPER PANTWN ESTI KURIWTATON TWN EIRHMENWN SPEUDW LEGEIN. PROS GAR TOUS STRATIWTIKOUS AGWNAS TOUS PAIDAS ASKHTEON EN AKONTISMOIS AUTOUS KATAQLOUNTAS KAI TOXEIAIS KAI QHRAIS. "TA" GAR "TWN *HTTWMENWN" EN TAIS

MACAIS "AGAQA TOIS NIKWSIN AQLA PROKEITAI". POLEMOS D' ESKIATRAFHMENHN SWMATWN *EXIN OU DECETAI, ISCNOS DE STRATIWTHS POLEMIKWN AGWNWN EQAS AQLHTWN @KAI POLEMWN FALAGGAS DIWQEI.

"TI OUN", AN TIS EIPH:; "SU DE DH PERI THS TWN ELEUQERWN AGWGHS *UPOSCOMENOS PARAGGELMATA DWSEIN EPEITA FAINH: THS MEN TWN PENHTWN KAI DHMOTIKWN PARAMELWN AGWGHS, MONOIS DE TOIS PLOUSIOIS @*OMONOEIS TAS *UPOQHKAS DIDONAI"? PROS *OUS OU CALEPON APANTHSAI. EGW GAR MALISTA AN BOULOIMHN PASI KOINH: CRHSIMON EINAI THN AGWGHN; EI DE TINES ENDEWS TOIS IDIOIS PRATTONTES ADUNATHSOUSI TOIS EMOIS CRHSQAI PARAGGELMASI, THN TUCHN AITIASQWSAN, OU TON TAUTA SUMBOULEUONTA. PEIRATEON MEN OUN EIS DUNAMIN THN KRATISTHN AGWGHN POIEISQAI TWN PAIDWN KAI TOIS PENHSIN; EI DE MH, TH: GE DUNATH: CRHSTEON. KAI TAUTA MEN DH TW: LOGW: PAREFORTISAMHN, *IN' EFEXHS KAI T=ALLA TA FERONTA PROS THN ORQHN TWN NEWN AGWGHN SUNAYW.

K=AKEINO FHMI, DEIN TOUS PAIDAS EPI TA KALA TWN EPITHDEUMATWN AGEIN PARAINESESI KAI LOGOIS, MH MA $DIA PLHGAIS MHD' AIKISMOIS. EOIKE GAR POU TAUTA TOIS DOULOIS MALLON H TOIS ELEUQEROIS PREPEIN; APONARKWSI GAR KAI FRITTOUSI PROS TOUS PONOUS, TA MEN DIA TAS ALGHDONAS TWN PLHGWN, TA DE KAI DIA TAS *UBREIS. EPAINOI DE KAI YOGOI PASHS EISIN AIKEIAS WFELIMWTEROI TOIS ELEUQEROIS, *OI MEN EPI TA KALA PARORMWNTES *OI D'APO TWN AISCRWN ANEIRGONTES. DEI D' ENALLAX KAI POIKILWS CRHSQAI TAIS EPIPLHXESI KAI TOIS EPAINOIS, K=APEIDAN POTE SFALWSI, TAIS EPIPLHXESIN EN AISCUNH: POIEISQAI, KAI

6L 1> PALIN ANAKALEISQAI TOIS EPAINOIS KAI MIMEISQAI TAS TITQAS, *AITINES EPEIDAN TA PAIDIA KLAUQMURISWSIN, EIS PARHGORIAN PALIN TON MASTON *UPECOUSI. DEI D' AUTOUS MHDE TOIS EGKWMIOIS EPAIREIN KAI FUSAN; CAUNOUNTAI GAR TAIS *UPERBOLAIS TWN EPAINWN KAI QRUPTONTAI.

HDH DE TINAS EGW EIDON PATERAS, *OIS TO LIAN FILEIN TOU MH FILEIN AITION KATESTH. TI D' ESTIN *O BOULOMAI LEGEIN? [*INA TW: PARADEIGMATI FWTEINOTERON POIHSW TON LOGON?] SPEUDONTES GAR TOUS PAIDAS EN PASI TACION PRWTEUSAI PONOUS AUTOIS *UPERMETROUS EPIBALLOUSIN, *OIS APAUDWNTES EKPIPTOUSI, KAI ALLWS BARUNOMENOI TAIS KAKOPAQEIAIS OU DECONTAI THN MAQHSIN EUHNIWS. *WSPER GAR TA FUTA TOIS MEN METRIOIS *UDASI TREFETAI, TOIS DE POLLOIS PNIGETAI, TON AUTON TROPON YUCH TOIS MEN SUMMETROIS AUXETAI PONOIS, TOIS D' *UPERBALLOUSI BAPTIZETAI. DOTEON OUN TOIS PAISIN ANAPNOHN TWN SUNEXWN PONWN, ENQUMOUMENOUS *OTI PAS *O BIOS *HMWN EIS ANESIN KAI SPOUDHN DIH:RHTAI. KAI DIA TOUTO OU MONON EGRHGORSIS ALLA KAI *UPNOS *EUREQH, OUDE POLEMOS ALLA KAI EIRHNH, OUDE CEIMWN ALLA KAI EUDIA, OUD' ENERGOI PRAXEIS ALLA KAI *EORTAI. SUNELONTI D' EIPEIN *H ANAPAUSIS TWN PONWN ESTIN ARTUMA. KAI OUK EPI TWN ZW:WN MONWN TOUTO (AN) IDOI TIS GINOMENON, ALLA KAI EPI TWN AYUCWN; KAI GAR TA TOXA KAI TAS LURAS ANIEMEN, *IN' EPITEINAI DUNHQWMEN. KAQOLOU DE SW:ZETAI SWMA MEN ENDEIA: KAI PLHRWSEI, YUCH D' ANESEI KAI PONW:.

AXION D' EPITIMAN TWN PATERWN ENIOIS, *OITINES PAIDAGWGOIS KAI DIDASKALOIS EPITREYANTES TOUS *UIEIS AUTOI THS TOUTWN MAQHSEWS OUT' AUTOPTAI GIGNONTAI TO PARAPAN OUT' AUTHKOOI, PLEISTON TOU DEONTOS *AMARTANONTES. AUTOUS GAR PAR' OLIGAS *HMERAS DEI DOKIMASIAN LAMBANEIN TWN PAIDWN, ALLA MH TAS

ELPIDAS ECEIN EN MISQWTOU DIAQESEI; KAI GAR EKEINOI PLEIONA POIHSONTAI THN EPIMELEIAN TWN PAIDWN, MELLONTES *EKASTOTE DIDONAI TAS EUQUNAS. K=ANTAUQA DH TO *RHQEN *UPO TOU *IPPOKOMOU CARIEN, *WS OUDEN *OUTW PIAINEI TON *IPPON *WS BASILEWS OFQALMOS.

PANTWN DE (DEI) MALISTA THN MNHMHN TWN PAIDWN ASKEIN KAI SUNEQIZEIN; *AUTH GAR *WSPEREI THS PAIDEIAS ESTI TAMEION, KAI DIA TOUTO MHTERA TWN $MOUSWN EMUQOLOGHSAN EINAI THN $MNHMOSUNHN, AINITTOMENOI KAI PARADHLOUNTES *OTI *OUTWS OUDEN GENNAN KAI TREFEIN *WS *H MNHMH PEFUKE. KAI TOINUN TAUTHN KAT' AMFOTER' ESTIN ASKHTEON, EIT' EK FUSEWS MNHMONES EIEN *OI PAIDES, EITE KAI TO=UNANTION EPILHSMONES. THN GAR PLEONEXIAN THS FUSEWS EPIRRWSOMEN, THN D' ELLEIYIN ANAPLHRWSOMEN; KAI *OI MEN TWN ALLWN ESONTAI BELTIOUS, *OI D' *EAUTWN. TO GAR $*HSIODEION KALWS EIRHTAI (("EI GAR KEN KAI SMIKRON EPI SMIKRW: KATAQEIO KAI QAMA TOUQ' *ERDOIS, TACA KEN MEGA KAI TO GENOITO.")) MH LANQANETW TOINUN MHDE TOUTO TOUS PATERAS, *OTI TO MNHMONIKON THS MAQHSEWS MEROS OU MONON PROS THN PAIDEIAN ALLA KAI PROS TAS TOU BIOU PRAXEIS OUK ELACISTHN SUMBALLETAI MOIRAN. *H GAR TWN GEGENHMENWN PRAXEWN MNHMH THS PERI TWN MELLONTWN EUBOULIAS GINETAI PARADEIGMA.

KAI MENTOI KAI THS AISCROLOGIAS APAKTEON TOUS *UIOUS; "LOGOS GAR ERGOU SKIH" KATA $DHMOKRITON. EITA GE MHN ENTEUKTIKOUS AUTOUS EINAI PARASKEUASTEON KAI FILOPROSHGOROUS; *WS GAR TA ANENTEUKTA TWN HQWN ESTIN AXIOMISHTA *OUTWS *OI PAIDES AMISEIS GINOINT' AN TOIS SUNOUSI MH PANTELWS EN TAIS ZHTHSESIN APARACWRHTOI GINOMENOI; OU GAR TO NIKAN MONON ALLA KAI TO *HTTASQAI EPISTASQAI KALON EN *OIS

TO NIKAN BLABERON. ESTI GAR *WS ALHQWS KAI NIKH $KADMEIA. ECW DE MARTURA TOUTOU $EURIPIDHN TON SOFON EPAGAGESQAI LEGONTA (("DUOIN LEGONTOIN, QATEROU QUMOUMENOY, *O MH ANTITEINWN TOIS LOGOIS SOFWTEROS.")) *A TOINUN TWN EIRHMENWN OUDENOS *HTTON ESTIN ALLA KAI MALLON EPITHDEUTEA TOIS NEOIS, KAI DH LEKTEON. TAUTA D' ESTI TO TON BION ATUFWTON ASKEIN, TO THN GLWTTAN KATECEIN, TO THS ORGHS *UPERANW GIGNESQAI, TO TWN CEIRWN KRATEIN. TOUTWN *EKASTON *HLIKON ESTI SKEPTEON; ESTAI D' EPI PARADEIGMATWN GNWRIMWTERA. *OION *INA APO TOU TELEUTAIOU PRWTON ARXWMAI, TAS CEIRAS TINES *UPOSCONTES LHMMASIN ADIKOIS TON PROBEBIWMENON BION EXECEAN; *WS $GULIPPOS *O $LAKEDAIMONIOS TA SAKKIA TWN CRHMATWN PARALUSAS FUGAS APHLAQH THS $SPARTHS. TO GE MHN AORGHTON ANDROS ESTI SOFOU. $SWKRATHS MEN GAR, LAKTISANTOS AUTON NEANISKOU QRASEOS MALA KAI BDELUROU, TOUS AMF' *AUTON *ORWN AGANAKTOUNTAS KAI SFADAZONTAS *WS KAI DIWKEIN AUTON EQELEIN, "ARA" EFHSE "KAI EI ME ONOS ELAKTISEN, ANTILAKTISAI TOUTON HXIWSATE AN?" OU MHN EKEINOS GE PANTELWS KATEPROIXATO, PANTWN D' AUTON ONEIDIZONTWN KAI LAKTISTHN APOKALOUNTWN APHGXATO. $ARISTOFANOUS DE, *OTE TAS $NEFELAS EXEFERE, PANTOIWS PASAN *UBRIN AUTOU KATASKEDANNUNTOS, KAI TINOS TWN PARONTWN "K=A:TA TOIAUTA KWMW:DOUMENOS OUK AGANAKTEIS" EIPONTOS "W $SWKRATES?" "MA $DI' OUK EGWGE" EFHSEN; "*WS GAR EN SUMPOSIW: MEGALW: TW: QEATRW: SKWPTOMAI". ADELFA TOUTOIS KAI SUZUGA FANHSONTAI PEPOIHKOTES $ARCUTAS *O $TARANTINOS

KAI $PLATWN. *O MEN GAR EPANELQWN APO TOU POLEMOU [[STRATHGWN D' ETUGCANE]] (THN) GHN KATALABWN KECERSWMENHN, TON EPITROPON KALESAS AUTHS "W:MWXAS AN" EFHSEN "EI MH LIAN WRGIZOMHN". $PLATWN DE DOULW: LICNW: KAI BDELURW: QUMWQEIS, TON THS ADELFHS *UION $SPEUSIPPON KALESAS "TOUTON" EFHSEN APELQWN "KROTHSON; EGW GAR PANU QUMOUMAI". CALEPA DE TAUTA KAI DUSMIMHTA FAIH TIS AN. OIDA K=AGW. PEIRATEON OUN EIS *OSON *OION T' ESTI TOUTOIS PARADEIGMASI CRWMENOUS TO POLU THS AKRATOUS KAI MAINOMENHS *UFAIREIN ORGHS; OUDE GAR ES T=ALLA ENAMILLOI TAIS EKEINWN ESMEN OUT' EMPEIRIAIS OUTE KALOKAGAQIAIS. ALL' OUDEN *HTTON EKEINWN, *WSPER QEWN *IEROFANTAI KAI DA:DOUCOI THS SOFIAS ONTES, *OSAPER ESTIN EN DUNATW:, TAUTA MIMEISQAI KAI PERIKNIZEIN EPICEIRWMEN. TO TOINUN THS GLWTTHS KRATEIN [[PERI TOUTOU GAR, *WSPER *UPEQEMHN, LOIPON EIPEIN]] EI TIS MIKRON KAI FAULON *UPEILHFE, PLEISTON DIAMARTANEI THS ALHQEIAS. SOFON GAR EUKAIROS SIGH KAI PANTOS LOGOU KREITTON. KAI DIA TOUTO MOI DOKEI TAS MUSTHRIWDEIS TELETAS *OI PALAIOI KATEDEIXAN, *IN' EN TAUTAIS SIWPAN EQISQENTES EPI THN TWN ANQRWPINWN MUSTHRIWN PISTIN TON APO TWN QEWN METAFERWMEN FOBON. KAI GAR AU SIWPHSAS MEN OUDEIS METENOHSE, LALHSANTES DE PAMPLHQEIS. KAI TO MEN SIGHQEN EXEIPEIN *RA:DION, TO DE *RHQEN ANALABEIN ADUNATON. MURIOUS D' EGWG' OID' AKOUSAS TAIS MEGISTAIS SUMFORAIS PERIPESONTAS DIA THN THS GLWTTHS AKRASIAN. *WN TOUS ALLOUS PARALIPWN *ENOS H DUEIN TUPOU *ENEKEN EPIMNHSQHSOMAI. TOU GAR $FILADELFOU GHMANTOS THN ADELFHN $ARSINOHN $SWTADHS EIPWN (("EIS OUC *OSIHN TRUMALIHN TO KENTRON WQEIS")) EN DESMWTHRIW: POLLOUS KATESAPH CRONOUS KAI THS AKAIROU

LALIAS OU MEMPTHN EDWKE DIKHN, *INA DE GELWTA PARASCH: TOIS ALLOIS, AUTOS POLUN CRONON EKLAUSEN. ENAMILLA DE TOUTOIS KAI SUZUGA KAI $QEOKRITOS *O SOFISTHS EIPE TE KAI EPAQE, KAI POLU DEINOTERA. $ALEXANDROU GAR PORFURAS ESQHTAS KELEUSANTOS KATASKEUAZEIN TOUS $*ELLHNAS, *INA EPANELQWN TA EPINIKIA TOU POLEMOU TOU KATA TWN BARBARWN QUSEIE, KAI TWN EQNWN KATA KEFALHN EISFERONTWN ARGURION "PROTERON MEN" EFHSEN "HMFISBHTOUN, NUN D' H:SQHMAI SAFWS *OTI *O PORFUREOS $*OMHROU QANATOS *OUTOS ESTIN". EX *WN ECQRON EKTHSATO TON $ALEXANDRON. $ANTIGONON DE TON BASILEA TWN $MAKEDONWN *ETEROFQALMON ONTA THN PHRWSIN PROFERWN EIS OU METRIAN ORGHN KATESTHSE. TON GAR ARCIMAGEIRON $EUTROPIWNA (PEMYAS PROS TON ANDRA) GEGENHMENON EN TAXEI PARAGENESQAI PROS *AUTON HXIOU KAI LOGON DOUNAI KAI LABEIN. TAUTA D' APAGGELLONTOS EKEINOU PROS AUTON KAI POLLAKIS PROSIONTOS "EU OIDA" EFHSEN "*OTI WMON ME QELEIS TW: $KUKLWPI PARAQEINAI", ONEIDIZWN TON MEN *OTI PHROS, TON D' *OTI MAGEIROS HN. K=AKEINOS "TOIGAROUN" EIPWN "THN KEFALHN OUC *EXEIS ALLA THS AQUROSTOMIAS TAUTHS KAI MANIAS DWSEIS DIKHN", APHGGEILE TA EIRHMENA TW: BASILEI, KAI *OS METAPEMYAS ANEILE TON $QEOKRITON.

PARA PANTA DE TAUTA, *OPER ESTIN *IEROPREPESTATON,... EQIZEIN TOUS PAIDAS TW: T=ALHQH LEGEIN; TO GAR YEUDESQAI DOULOPREPES KAI PASIN ANQRWPOIS AXION MISEISQAI KAI OUDE METRIOIS DOULOIS SUGGNWSTON.

TAUTA MEN OUN OUK ENDOIASAS OUDE MELLHSAS PERI THS TWN PAIDWN EUKOSMIAS KAI SWFROSUNHS DIEILEGMAI; PERI DE TOU *RHQHSESQAI MELLONTOS AMFIDOXOS EIMI KAI DICOGNWMWN. KAI TH:DE K=AKEISE KLINWN *WS EPI PLASTIGGOS PROS OUDETERON *REYAI DUNAMAI, POLUS D' OKNOS ECEI ME KAI THS EISHGHSEWS

KAI THS APOTROPHS TOU PRAGMATOS. APOTOLMHTEON D' OUN *OMWS EIPEIN AUTO. TI OUN TOUTO ESTI? POTERA DEI TOUS ERWNTAS TWN PAIDWN EAN TOUTOIS SUNEINAI KAI SUNDIATRIBEIN, H TO=UNANTION EIRGEIN AUTOUS KAI APOSOBEIN THS PROS TOUTOUS *OMILIAS PROSHKEN? *OTAN MEN GAR APOBLEYW PROS TOUS PATERAS TOUS AUQEKASTOUS KAI TON TROPON OMFAKIAS KAI STRUFNOUS, *OI TWN TEKNWN *UBRIN OUK ANEKTHN NOMIZOUSI THN TWN ERWNTWN *OMILIAN, EULABOUMAI TAUTHS EISHGHTHS GENESQAI KAI SUMBOULOS. *OTAN D' AU PALIN ENQUMHQW TON $SWKRATH TON $PLATWNA TON XENOFWNTA TON $AISCINHN TON $KEBHTA, TON PANTA CORON EKEINWN TWN ANDRWN *OI TOUS ARRENAS EDOKIMASAN ERWTAS KAI TA MEIRAKIA PROHGAGON EPI TE PAIDEIAN KAI DHMAGWGIAN KAI THN ARETHN TWN TROPWN, PALIN *ETEROS GINOMAI KAI KAMPTOMAI PROS TON EKEINWN TWN ANDRWN ZHLON. MARTUREI DE TOUTOIS $EURIPIDHS *OUTW LEGWN (("ALL' ESTI DH TIS ALLOS EN BROTOIS ERWS YUCHS DIKAIAS SWFRONOS TE K=AGAQHS.")) [TO DH TOU $PLATWNOS SPOUDH: KAI CARIENTISMW: MEMIGMENON OU PARALEIPTEON. EXEINAI GAR FHSI DEIN TOIS ARISTEUSASIN *ON AN BOULWNTAI TWN KALWN FILHSAI.] TOUS MEN OUN THS *WRAS EPIQUMOUNTAS APELAUNEIN PROSHKE, TOUS DE THS YUCHS ERASTAS EGKRINEIN KATA TO SUNOLON. KAI TOUS MEN $QHBHSI KAI TOUS (EN) $HLIDI FEUKTEON ERWTAS KAI TON EN $KRHTH: KALOUMENON *ARPAGMON, TOUS D' $AQHNHSI KAI TOUS EN $LAKEDAIMONI ZHLWTEON. [KAI TWN PAIDWN MIMHTEON.]

PERI MEN OUN TOUTWN, *OPWS *EKASTOS AUTOS *EAUTON PEPEIKEN,

*OUTWS *UPOLAMBANETW; EGW D' EPEIDH PERI THS TWN PAIDWN EUTAXIAS EIRHKA KAI KOSMIOTHTOS, KAI EPI THN TWN MEIRAKIWN *HLIKIAN HDH METABHSOMAI MIKRA PANTAPASIN PROEIPWN. POLLAKIS GAR KATEMEMYAMHN TOUS MOCQHRWN EQWN GEGONOTAS EISHGHTAS, *OITINES TOIS MEN PAISI PAIDAGWGOUS KAI DIDASKALOUS EPESTHSAN, THN DE TWN MEIRAKIWN *ORMHN AFETON EIASAN NEMESQAI, DEON AU TO=UNANTION PLEIW POIEISQAI TOUTWN EULABEIAN KAI FULAKHN H TWN PAIDWN. TIS GAR OUK OIDEN *OTI TA MEN TWN PAIDWN PLHMMELHMATA MIKRA KAI PANTELWS ESTIN IASIMA, PAIDAGWGWN ISWS OLIGWRIA KAI DIDASKALWN PARAGWGH KAI ANHKOUSTIA; TA DE TWN HDH NEANISKEUOMENWN ADIKHMATA POLLAKIS *UPERFUA GINETAI KAI SCETLIA, AMETRIA GASTROS KAI KLOPAI PATRW:WN CRHMATWN KAI KUBOI KAI KWMOI KAI POTOI KAI PARQENWN ERWTES KAI GUNAIKWN OIKOFQORIAI GAMETWN. OUKOUN TAS TOUTWN *ORMAS TAIS EPIMELEIAIS DESMEUEIN KAI KATECEIN PROSHKEN. ATAMIEUTON GAR TWN *HDONWN *H AKMH KAI SKIRTHTIKON KAI CALINOU DEOMENON, *WSQ' *OI MH THS *HLIKIAS TAUTHS ERRWMENWS ANTILAMBANOMENOI TH: ANOIA: DIDONTES EXOUSIAN EPI TA ADIKHMATA LANQANOUSI. DEI TOINUN TOUS EMFRONAS PATERAS PARA TOUTON MALISTA TON KAIRON FULATTEIN EGRHGORENAI SWFRONIZEIN TOUS MEIRAKISKOUS DIDASKONTAS APEILOUNTAS DEOMENOUS SUMBOULEUONTAS *UPISCNOUMENOUS, PARADEIGMATA DEIKNUNTAS TWN MEN DIA FILHDONIAN SUMFORAIS PERIPESONTWN DIA DE KARTERIAN EPAINON KAI DOXAN AGAQHN PERIPOIHSAMENWN. DUO GAR TAUTA *WSPEREI STOICEIA THS ARETHS ESTIN, ELPIS TE TIMHS KAI FOBOS TIMWRIAS; *H MEN GAR *ORMHTIKWTEROUS PROS TA KALLISTA TWN

EPITHDEUMATWN *H D' OKNHROUS PROS TA FAULA TWN ERGWN APERGAZETAI.

KAQOLOU D' APEIRGEIN PROSHKEI TOUS PAIDAS THS PROS TOUS PONHROUS ANQRWPOUS SUNOUSIAS; APOFERONTAI GAR TI THS TOUTWN KAKIAS. TOUTO DE PARHGGEILE KAI $PUQAGORAS AINIGMASIN *APER EGW PARAQEIS EXHGHSOMAI; KAI GAR TAUTA PROS ARETHS KTHSIN SUMBALLETAI ROPHN OUK ELACISTHN. *OION "MH GEUESQAI MELANOURWN", TOUTESTI MH SUNDIATRIBEIN MELASIN ANQRWPOIS DIA KAKOHQEIAN. "MH ZUGON *UPERBAINEIN", TOUTESTIN *OTI DEI THS DIKAIOSUNHS PLEISTON POIEISQAI LOGON KAI MH TAUTHN *UPERBAINEIN. "MH EPI COINIKOS KAQISAI," HTOI FEUGEIN ARGIAN KAI PRONOEIN *OPWS THN ANAGKAIAN PARASKEUASOMEN TROFHN. "MH PANTI EMBALLEIN DEXIAN," ANTI TOU PROCEIRWS OU DEI SUNALLASSEIN. "MH FOREIN STENON DAKTULION", *OTI DEI TON BION(ELEUQERON) EPITHDEUEIN KAI MHDENI DESMW: PROSAPTEIN [AUTON]. "PUR SIDHRW: MH SKALEUEIN," ANTI TOU QUMOUMENON MH EREQIZEIN; OU GAR PROSHKEN, ALL' *UPEIKEIN TOIS ORGIZOMENOIS. "MH ESQIEIN KARDIAN," MH BLAPTEIN THN YUCHN TAIS FRONTISIN AUTHN KATATRUCONTA. "KUAMWN APECESQAI," *OTI OU DEI POLITEUESQAI; KUAMEUTAI GAR HSAN EMPROSQEN *AI YHFOFORIAI DI' *WN PERAS EPETIQESAN TAIS ARCAIS. "SITION EIS AMIDA MH EMBALLEIN;" EPISHMAINEI GAR *OTI EIS PONHRAN YUCHN ASTEION LOGON EMBALLEIN OU PROSHKEN; *O MEN GAR LOGOS TROFH DIANOIAS ESTI, TOUTON D' AKAQARTON *H PONHRIA POIEI TWN ANQRWPWN. "MH EPISTREFESQAI EPI TOUS *OROUS ELQONTAS," TOUTESTI MELLONTAS APOQNHSKEIN KAI TON *ORON TOU BIOU PLHSION ONTA *ORWNTAS FEREIN EUKOLWS KAI MH AQUMEIN.

ANAKAMYW D' EPI THN EX ARCHS TOU LOGOU PROQESIN; *APANTWN MEN GAR *OPER EFHN TWN PONHRWN ANQRWPWN APAGEIN DEI TOUS PAIDAS, MALISTA DE TWN KOLAKWN. *OPER GAR POLLAKIS KAI PROS POLLOUS TWN PATERWN DIATELW LEGWN, KAI NUN AN EIPOIMI. GENOS OUDEN ESTIN EXWLESTERON OUDE MALLON KAI QATTON EKTRACHLIZON THN NEOTHTA TWN KOLAKWN, *OI KAI TOUS PATERAS KAI TOUS PAIDAS PRORRIZOUS EKTRIBOUSI, TWN MEN TO GHRAS EPILUPON, TWN DE THN NEOTHTA POIOUNTES, TWN DE SUMBOULEUMATWN DELEAR AFULAKTON PROTEINONTES THN *HDONHN. TOIS PAISIN [TOIS PLOUSIOIS] *OI PATERES NHFEIN PARAINOUSIN *OI DE MEQUEIN, SWFRONEIN *OI D' ASELGAINEIN, FULATTEIN *OI DE DAPANAN, FILERGEIN *OI DE *RA:QUMEIN, "STIGMH CRONOU PAS ESTIN *O BIOS" LEGONTES, "ZHN OU PARAZHN PROSHKE. TI DE FRONTISTEON *UMIN TWN TOU PATROS APEILWN? KRONOLHROS KAI SORODAIMWN ESTI, KAI METEWRON AUTON ARAMENOI THN TACISTHN EXOISOMEN." KAQHKE DE TIS KAI CAMAITUPHN KAI PROHGWGEUSE GAMETHN, KAI TA TWN PATERWN EFODIA TOU GHRWS ESULHSE KAI PERIEKOYE. MIARON TO FULON, *UPOKRITAI FILIAS, AGEUSTOI PARRHSIAS, PLOUSIWN MEN KOLAKES PENHTWN D' *UPEROPTAI, *WS EK @LURIKHS TECNHS EPI TOUS NEOUS AGOMENOI, SESHROTES *OQ' *OI TREFONTES GELWSIN EK YUCHS, *UPOBOLIMAIA KAI NOQA MERH BIOU, PROS DE TO TWN PLOUSIWN NEUMA ZWNTES, TH: TUCH: MEN ELEUQEROI, TH: PROAIRESEI DE DOULOI; *OTAN DE MH *UBRIZWNTAI, TOQ' *UBRIZESQAI DOKOUNTES, *OTI MATHN PARATREFONTAI. *WSTE EI TW: MELEI TWN PATERWN THS TWN TEKNWN EUAGWGIAS, EKDIWKTEON TA MIARA TAUTA QREMMATA. EKDIWKTEON DE KAI TAS TWN SUMFOITHTWN MOCQHRIAS; KAI GAR *OUTOI TAS EPIEIKESTATAS FUSEIS *IKANOI DIAFQEIREIN EISI.

TAUTA MEN OUN KALA KAI SUMFERONTA; *A DE MELLW LEGEIN, ANQRWPINA. OUDE GAR AU PALIN TOUS PATERAS EGWG' AXIW TELEWS TRACEIS KAI SKLHROUS EINAI THN FUSIN, ALLA POLLACOU KAI SUGCWRHSAI TINA TWN PRA:OTERWN *AMARTHMATWN, KAI *EAUTOUS ANAMIMNHSKEIN *OTI EGENONTO NEOI. KAI KAQAPER IATROI TA PIKRA TWN FARMAKWN TOIS GLUKESI CUMOIS KATAMIGNUNTES THN TERYIN EPI TO SUMFERON PARODON *EURON, *OUTW DEI TOUS PATERAS THN TWN EPITIMHMATWN APOTOMIAN TH: PRA:OTHTI MIGNUNAI, KAI TOTE MEN TAIS EPIQUMIAIS TWN PAIDWN EFEINAI KAI CALASAI TAS *HNIAS, TOTE D' AU PALIN ANTITEINAI, KAI MALISTA MEN EUKOLWS FEREIN TAS *AMARTIAS, EI DE MH GE, PROSORGISQENTAS TACEWS APOFLEGMHNAI. MALLON GAR OXUQUMON EINAI DEI TON PATERA H BARUQUMON, *WS TO GE DUSMENES KAI DUSKATALLAKTON MISOTEKNIAS OU MIKRON TEKMHRION ESTI. KALON DE KAI ENIA TWN *AMARTHMATWN MHD' EIDENAI DOKEIN, ALLA TO TOU GHRWS AMBLUWTTON KAI DUSKWFON EPI TA GINOMENA METAFEREIN, *WS ENIA TWN PRATTOMENWN *ORWNTAS MH *ORAN KAI AKOUONTAS MH AKOUEIN. FILWN *AMARTHMATA FEROMEN; TI QAUMASTON EI TEKNWN? DOULWN POLLAKIS KRAIPALWNTWN MEQHN OUK EXHLEGXAMEN. EFEISW POTE, ALLA KAI CORHGHSON; HGANAKTHSAS POTE, ALLA KAI SUGGNWQI. EBOUKOLHSE POTE DI' OIKETOU; THN ORGHN KATASCES. EX AGROU POTE ZEUGOS AFEILETO, HLQE POTE CQIZHS MEQHS APOPNEWN, AGNOHSON; MURWN OZWN, SIGHSON. *OUTW SKIRTWSA NEOTHS PWLODAMNEITAI.

PEIRATEON DE TOUS TWN *HDONWN *HTTOUS KAI PROS TAS EPITIMHSEIS DUSHKOOUS GAMW: KATAZEUXAI, DESMOS GAR *OUTOS THS NEOTHTOS ASFALESTATOS. EGGUASQAI DE DEI TOIS *UIOIS GUNAIKAS MHT' EUGENESTERAS POLLW: MHTE PLOUSIWTERAS; TO GAR "THN KATA SAUTON ELA" SOFON. *WS *OI GE MAKRW: KREITTOUS *EAUTWN

LAMBANONTES OU TWN GUNAIKWN ANDRES, TWN DE PROIKWN DOULOI LANQANOUSI GINOMENOI.

BRACEA DE PROSQEIS AUTOIS PERIGRAYW TAS *UPOQHKAS. PRO PANTWN GAR DEI TOUS PATERAS TW: MHDEN *AMARTANEIN ALLA PANTA *A DEI PRATTEIN ENARGES *EAUTOUS PARADEIGMA TOIS TEKNOIS PARECEIN, *INA PROS TON TOUTWN BION *WSPER KATOPTRON APOBLEPONTES APOTREPWNTAI TWN AISCRWN ERGWN KAI LOGWN. *WS *OITINES TOIS *AMARTANOUSIN *UIOIS EPITIMWNTES TOIS AUTOIS *AMARTHMASI PERIPIPTOUSIN, EPI TW: EKEINWN ONOMATI LANQANOUSIN *EAUTWN KATHGOROI GINOMENOI; TO D' *OLON FAULWS ZWNTES OUDE TOIS DOULOIS PARRHSIAN AGOUSIN EPITIMAN, MH TI GE TOIS *UIOIS. CWRIS DE TOUTWN GENOINTO AN AUTOIS TWN ADIKHMATWN SUMBOULOI KAI DIDASKALOI. *OPOU GAR GERONTES EISIN ANAISCUNTOI, ENTAUQA ANAGKH KAI NEOUS ANAIDESTATOUS EINAI. PEIRATEON OUN EIS TON TWN TEKNWN SWFRONISMON PANQ' *OSA PROSHKEN EPITHDEUEIN, ZHLWSANTAS $EURUDIKHN, *HTIS $ILLURIS OUSA KAI TRIBARBAROS, *OMWS EPI TH: MAQHSEI TWN TEKNWN OYE THS *HLIKIAS *HYATO PAIDEIAS. *IKANWS D' AUTHS THN FILOTEKNIAN SHMAINEI TO=UPIGRAMMA, *OPER ANEQHKE $MOUSAIS (($EURUDIKH $*IRRA POLIHTISI TOND' ANEQHKE $MOUSAIS EUKTAION YUCH: *ELOUSA POQON. GRAMMATA GAR MNHMEIA LOGWN MHTHR GEGAUIA PAIDWN *HBWNTWN EXEPONHSE MAQEIN.)) TO MEN OUN PASAS TAS PROEIRHMENAS SUMPERILABEIN PARAINESEIS EUCHS ISWS ERGON ESTI; TO DE TAS PLEIOUS ZHLWSAI KAI AUTO MEN EUMOIRIAS DEOMENON ESTI KAI POLLHS EPIMELEIAS, ANUSTON D' OUN ANQRWPINH: FUSEI KAQESTHKEN. ****